02：完形填空-2023年中考英语专题突破（湖北恩施）（含解析）

02：完形填空-2023年中考英语专题突破（含答案解析）（湖北恩施）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、完形填空
One day, a woman bought a parrot in a pet shop. However, she decided to ___1___ the parrot to the store the next day. “The bird doesn’t ___2___,” she told the store owner. “Does he have a ___3___ ” the owner asked. “Parrots enjoy watching themselves in it.” So the woman bought a mirror and left.
The next day, she came back, saying that the parrot still didn’t say anything. “How about a ladder Parrots love ladders,” the owner said. The woman bought a ladder and left.
But the next day, she was back a ___4___ time. “Does your parrot have a swing (秋千) No Well, once he starts ___5___, he will talk a lot happily,” the owner said. The woman bought a swing and left.
When she walked into the store the next day, she began to cry and said ___6___, “The parrot died.” The pet store owner was ___7___ what the woman said. “What I’m terribly sorry. Tell me did he ever say anything ” he asked. “Yes, right before he died, in a ___8___ voice, he asked me weakly, ‘Don’t they sell any food at that pet shop ’ ”
Sometimes we forget what is really necessary in our life. We sometimes have a lot of things to do ___9___, but we often forget to deal with the most important things first. We have to “____10____ the parrots” in our lives, we should remember it all the time.
1．A．pass B．return C．give D．send
2．A．eat B．walk C．fly D．talk
3．A．mirror B．camera C．picture D．screen
4．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
5．A．using B．swinging C．flying D．playing
6．A．warmly B．angrily C．sadly D．peacefully
7．A．afraid of B．worried about C．interested in D．shocked at
8．A．high B．low C．loud D．small
9．A．at once B．after all C．in total D．as usual
10．A．keep B．watch C．say D．feed
In a country home, a mother hen and her cute chicks were living happily. A little girl came to visit the country home, but was very ___11___. One night, the girl went into the chicken house. As soon as she went in, there was a mess.
Here and there ___12___ of the chickens could be heard. The father, who was inside, woke up.
“What’s going on Why are you bothering（打扰）the chickens ” “___13___ I’m bored.” “You have to sleep now. Go inside.”
The girl went into the chicken house again the next day. There was a noise again, as the chickens were ___14___. The moon in the night sky was worried. This time, the little girl’s father would not be forgiving.
Finally, the sleeping father ___15___. “Why are the chickens crying By chance ” The father was ___16___ and came out to the yard.
“What’s wrong with you Is it Okay to bother animals that can’t talk You need to be ___17___.” When the little girl saw her father’s angry face, she began to cry.
“It is true that I bothered the chickens, but I was bored yesterday. ___18___ today I went in to apologize to the chickens. I was going to hug the chickens.”
When the father heard what his daughter said, a smile quickly appeared on his face, “You are ___19___ my daughter.” The father praised his daughter. He ___20___ his daughter who knew how to apologize. The moon in the sky gave a big laugh, too.
11．A．bored B．worried C．moved D．interested
12．A．jokes B．likes C．cries D．smiles
13．A．Unless B．Because C．After D．Though
14．A．excited B．pleased C．disappointed D．frightened
15．A．came up B．woke up C．took up D．made up
16．A．funny B．glad C．sad D．angry
17．A．punished B．encouraged C．praised D．depended
18．A．And B．So C．But D．Or
19．A．finally B．highly C．mainly D．truly
20．A．was afraid of B．was proud of C．was popular with D．was strict with
完形填空：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was Language Week in Jeremy’s school. Every year, his school ____21____ a week-long event where several activities take place from storytelling and speeches to performances and contests.
This year, one contest(比赛)drew Jeremy’s ____22____. His school would have a haiku(俳句)writing contest. Haiku is a type of Japanese short poems. Students ____23____ take part in the contest have to hand in a few haikus written on a page.
Jeremy told his father about the writing contest ____24____ he got home that day. Hearing what the contest was about, Jeremy’s father said, “Son, you should have a try. You’ve ____25____ done well in your writing tests. And the contest sounds like a lot of fun! I believe you are the best.” Jeremy, however, was not so ____26____. He said, “I don’t know. I don’t think I can do it well. What’s more, if I can’t win any of the prizes, I would have ____27____ my time and effort.”
Facing Jeremy’s negative ____28____, Jeremy’s father smiled. He said, “Sometimes, the ____29____ is not important. The journey that one takes to get to the end can be more _____30_____.” Jeremy listened to his father’s words and felt encouraged. Then he decided to write some haikus and take part in the contest.
21．A．mentions B．wins C．holds D．discusses
22．A．surprise B．attention C．memory D．dream
23．A．what B．which C．who D．whom
24．A．if B．since C．until D．when
25．A．never B．hardly C．always D．seldom
26．A．confident B．bored C．worried D．nervous
27．A．found B．wasted C．checked D．regarded
28．A．brain B．suggestion C．courage D．thought
29．A．reason B．result C．method D．purpose
30．A．meaningful B．careful C．harmful D．successful
A man sees a butterfly. The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis (蛹). So the man makes a decision to help the butterfly. He cuts the chrysalis and then the butterfly comes out easily. To his ____31____, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn’t struggle to get out of the chrysalis, it can’t ____32____! The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges (挑战) of life bring out the best in young people and prepare the ____33____ to fly.
When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to ____34____ life. If we look at successful people, we will find that the more challenges they have had, the more ____35____ they are. One famous man, who now owns many big factories, used to sell socks from door to door when he was young. ___36___ successful man is Eric. He set up a college ____37____ the age of thirty. His father died when he was only sixteen. As the oldest child in the family, he worked in the day and studied in the night. His father’s death forced him to ____38____ fast. He faced the challenges bravely and overcame them. Today, not only he himself, ____39____ also his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.
Some parents and teachers actively _____40_____ young people to face challenges. It is important for them to learn to meet challenges and overcome them.
31．A．surprise B．joy C．disappointment D．pleasant
32．A．stand B．run C．fly D．jump
33．A．method B．ability C．situation D．luck
34．A．sense B．like C．believe D．face
35．A．successful B．excited C．dangerous D．careful
36．A．Other B．Another C．Others D．The other
37．A．on B．by C．at D．in
38．A．get up B．set up C．give up D．grow up
39．A．but B．or C．so D．and
40．A．experience B．provide C．encourage D．promise
Several years ago, I attended a meeting in Washington D．C．I decided to eat at a nearby food stall (摊位) during the lunch break. The area was crowded, ____41____ it took me a lot of time to find an empty table. A few ____42____ later, an elderly gentleman came along with a plate of food, looking for a place to sit. Then I stood up and invited him to sit beside me. He thanked me as he sat down. We began to ____43____ during lunch.
To my surprise, the elderly gentleman was ____44____ in the field of success. He had written four books, each of which contained (包含) 250 rules of ____45____ that he had gotten from his research. I had read the four books once. After we chatted for a while, I asked him the ____46____ that many people in this situation would ask, “Of all the rules of success you have gotten, which do you think is the most important ” He smiled and replied, “The most important rule was ____47____ many years ago. Do what you should do whether you like it or not.” He continued, “I find many rules of success, and I ____48____ find none of them will work if there is no self-discipline (自律).”
It’s ____49____ self-discipline is the key to success. We can hardly succeed _____50_____ self-discipline. I will never forget this meaningful conversation.
41．A．or B．so C．but D．if
42．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．days
43．A．fight B．drink C．shout D．talk
44．A．famous B．common C．careful D．serious
45．A．study B．survey C．influence D．success
46．A．question B．problem C．answer D．matter
47．A．wondered B．disagreed C．discovered D．refused
48．A．never B．hardly C．also D．luckily
49．A．impossible B．true C．interesting D．strange
50．A．from B．except C．about D．without
Jane was a young girl. She loved to see the negative side of life.
Once, her father took her to the kitchen. He asked Jane to take a potato, an egg ____51____ two spoons of tea leaves. Jane was ____52____, and asked her father, “Do you want me to cook ”
“No,” her father said.
He then took three pots and ____53____ some water into each pot. The pots were placed on the stove. Once the water started to boil, he dropped the potato in a pot, egg in ____54____ one and the tea leaves in the third one.
“Why are you doing all these things ” Jane felt puzzled and asked.
“You’ll get the answer in fifteen minutes,” said her father.
The impatient daughter tried her best ____55____ for around 15 minutes.
Now, he placed the two plates, one with the potato and ____56____ with the egg, and the cup of tea in front of Jane.
Jane asked, “What does it mean, father I don’t understand!”
“Each object faced similar adversities（不幸）, but reacted（反应）____57____. After we put the potato into boiling water, it became very weak. The soft egg became very hard ____58____ we put it in boiling water. And the tea leaves changed the water itself, giving it a nice smell. ____59____ fantastic it is!”
Jane understood that we could create ____60____ new even when we experienced adversities.
So, what are you A potato, an egg or tea leaves
51．A．and B．but C．or D．while
52．A．disappointing B．disappointed C．surprised D．surprising
53．A．poured B．emptied C．pulled D．threw
54．A．second B．the second C．a second D．secondly
55．A．to leave B．to look C．to pay D．to wait
56．A．other B．the other C．another D．others
57．A．hardly B．regularly C．possibly D．differently
58．A．before B．when C．though D．until
59．A．How B．What C．What a D．How much
60．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The sorting of garbage has many advantages. It can not only protect the environment, but also ____61____ wasting the useful rubbish. So people have come up with many good ____62____ to sort their rubbish.
A UK company invented a “smart dustbin” to help with waste sorting ____63____. People just need to drop their waste into the dustbin. A camera and sensors (感应器) in the dustbin can tell what type of rubbish it is and correctly sort it.
South Korea is using a way called “Pay For Your Waste” to ____64____ its people to reduce food waste. When throwing away rubbish, there is a special dustbin for food waste only. The smart dustbin then tells the ____65____ of the food. People have to pay for their food waste by scanning (扫描) a barcode (条形码) on the dustbin. If they throw away ____66____ food, they will pay more.
Japan does best ____67____ waste sorting in the world. They sort waste so carefully that even plastic bottles and their caps go into different dustbins. Different types of paper ____68____ have their own dustbins.
China is improving its waste sorting skills. On July 1, 2019, Shanghai introduced waste sorting rules. If someone does not follow these rules, people from the relevant departments will ____69____ them. Shanghai also works with Alipay to ____70____ “green accounts (账户)” service for its residents (居民). If you sort the garbage correctly, you will get more points in your account. If you get more points, you will get more gifts.
61．A．avoid B．finish C．enjoy D．mind
62．A．answers B．methods C．results D．titles
63．A．certainly B．completely C．recently D．directly
64．A．refuse B．encourage C．survey D．show
65．A．weight B．color C．shape D．taste
66．A．less B．nicer C．worse D．more
67．A．at B．on C．in D．to
68．A．bags B．money C．products D．cups
69．A．support B．agree C．discover D．punish
70．A．create B．find C．check D．imagine
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A father and his son went to a kite-flying festival. The son was happy when he saw the sky ___71___ with colorful kites. He wanted to fly a kite, too. The father then bought a kite for his son.
The son started to fly the kite. Soon, his kite was high up in the sky. After a while, the son said, “Father, it seems that the string (线) is ___72___ the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even ___73___. Can we cut it The father cut the string off of the reel (线轴). The kite started to go higher. This made the little boy ___74___.
But then, slowly, the kite started to ___75___: It soon fell to the ground. The son was surprised to see this. He asked his father, “I thought that ___76___ cutting the string, the kite would fly higher. ___77___ did it fall down ”
The father explained, “The string was not stopping the kite from going higher, but was helping it ___78___ in the sky. You helped the kite go up in the right ___79___ by using the string. But when you cut the string, it could no longer support the kite.”
We may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But ____80____, these might be the things that support us the most.
71．A．full B．amazed C．moved D．filled
72．A．dropping B．protecting C．stopping D．catching
73．A．quicker B．higher C．lower D．slower
74．A．excited B．bored C．worried D．interested
75．A．come back B．come on C．come close D．come down
76．A．after B．before C．while D．until
77．A．What B．When C．Why D．Where
78．A．wait B．stay C．turn D．become
79．A．point B．method C．situation D．direction
80．A．in total B．in fact C．after all D．for example
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个女人购买了鹦鹉，想尽各种方法想让它开口说话，给它买镜子，买梯子，买秋千，但是却没有购买它的食物，结果鹦鹉饿死了。故事告诉我们，生活中有很多立刻要做的事，但要首先解决最重要的事。
1．句意：这个女人决定第二天把鹦鹉送回店里。
pass通过；return返回，把……退回；give给；send发送。根据“The next day, she came back, saying that the parrot still didn’t say anything.”可知，这个女人买了不会说话的鹦鹉，所以决定把它送回去。故选B。
2．句意：这个鸟不说话。
eat吃；walk走路；fly飞；talk交谈，说话。根据“The next day, she came back, saying that the parrot still didn’t say anything.”可知，这个女人说鹦鹉不会说话。故选D。
3．句意：他有镜子么？
mirror镜子；camera照相机；picture照片；screen屏幕。根据“Parrots enjoy watching themselves in it.”可知鹦鹉喜欢看镜子里的自己。故选A。
4．句意：但是第二天，她第三次回来了。
first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据“ ‘The bird doesn’t ... ,’ she told the store owner.”及“The next day, she came back”可知此处指第三次返回宠物店。故选C。
5．句意：一旦它开始荡秋千。
using使用；swinging摇摆；flying飞；playing玩耍。根据“The woman bought a swing and left.”可知，女人给鹦鹉买了秋千，所以指鹦鹉开始荡秋千。故选B。
6．句意：她开始伤心地哭着说。
warmly热情地；angrily生气地；sadly伤心地；peacefully平静地。根据“The parrot died.”可知，鹦鹉死了，女人很伤心。故选C。
7．句意：这个宠物店的主人对女人说的话觉得很震惊。
afraid of害怕；worried about担心；interested in对……感兴趣；shocked at对……感到震惊。根据“What ”可知女人说鹦鹉死了，店主觉得很震惊。故选D。
8．句意：“是的，就在他死前，他低声地问我，‘那个宠物店不卖食品吗？’ ”
high高的；low低的；loud大声的；small小的。根据“he asked me weakly”可知鹦鹉死前被饿的很虚弱，说话应是低声的，形容声音小，用low。故选B。
9．句意：我们有时有很多事情要同时做，但我们经常忘记先处理最重要的事情。
at once立刻，同时；after all毕竟；in total总共；as usual像往常一样。根据“but we often forget to deal with the most important things first”可知句意转折，此处表示有很多事要同时做。故选A。
10．句意：在我们的生活中，我们要“喂鹦鹉”，我们应该一直记住这一点。
keep保持；watch观看；say说；feed饲养。根据“Don’t they sell any food at that pet store ”可知，女人没有喂鹦鹉，导致鹦鹉饿死，所以我们要记住每天要喂养鹦鹉。故选D。
11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．B 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B
【分析】本文主要讲述了一个女孩去乡下很无聊，刚开始她到鸡棚里打扰到了鸡，父亲感到很生气，第二天女儿想去给鸡道歉，但是没想到自己的举动又让鸡很害怕，这一次在父亲搞清楚之后，表扬了女儿。
11．句意：一个小女孩来到乡下的家，但是很无聊。
bored无聊的；worried担心的；moved感动的；interested感兴趣的。根据“I’m bored”可知，这个女孩很无聊，故选A。
12．句意：到处都能听到鸡的叫声。
jokes开……的玩笑；likes喜欢；cries喊叫；smiles微笑。根据“Why are the chickens crying”可知，鸡受到了惊吓，到处都能听到它们的叫声，故选C。
13．句意：因为我很无聊。
unless除非；because因为；after在……之后；though尽管。根据“Why are you bothering（打扰）the chickens”可知，回答why应用because，故选B。
14．句意：又出现了噪音，鸡很害怕。
excited兴奋的；pleased满意的；disappointed失望的；frightened害怕的。根据“There was a noise again”可知，出现的噪音让鸡感到害怕，故选D。
15．句意：最后，睡着的父亲醒了。
came up出现；woke up醒来；took up占据；made up编造。根据“the sleeping”可知，睡着的父亲醒了，故选B。
16．句意：父亲很生气，来到院子里。
funny搞笑的；glad高兴的；sad难过的；angry生气的。根据“When the little girl saw her father’s angry face”可知，本来睡着的父亲又听到鸡的叫声，很生气地出来看看发生了什么，故选D。
17．句意：你应该受到惩罚。
punished惩罚；encouraged鼓励；praised表扬；depended依靠。根据“Is it Okay to bother animals that can’t talk”可知，父亲因为女孩总是打扰这些动物而感到生气，所以想要惩罚这个女孩，故选A。
18．句意：但是今天我进去向鸡道歉。
and和；so所以；but但是；or或者。“It is true that I bothered the chickens, but I was bored yesterday”与“today I went in to apologize to the chickens”是转折关系，故选C。
19．句意：你真是我的女儿。
finally最终；highly高度地；mainly主要地；truly真实地。根据“You are … my daughter”可知，父亲听了女儿的话，觉得这才是自己真正的女儿，故选D。
20．句意：他为女儿感到骄傲，因为她知道如何道歉。
was afraid of害怕；was proud of以……为傲；was popular with受……欢迎；was strict with对……严格。根据“He… his daughter who knew how to apologize”可知，因为女儿知道道歉，所以为她感到骄傲，故选B。
21．C 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．A
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了Jeremy想要参加学校举办的俳句写作比赛，但他担心不能获奖，浪费时间和精力，Jeremy的父亲告诉他，比赛的意义在于参与的过程，Jeremy因此受到鼓励，决定参加比赛。
21．句意：每年，他的学校都会举办为期一周的活动，从讲故事、演讲到表演和比赛。
mentions提到；wins获胜；holds举行；discusses讨论。根据“a week-long event”及“take place from storytelling and speeches to performances and contests.”可知，此处是举办一周的活动，故选C。
22．句意：今年，有一场比赛引起了Jeremy的注意。
surprise吃惊；attention注意；memory记忆；dream梦想。根据下文“Jeremy told his father about the writing contest …he got home that day. Hearing what the contest was about, Jeremy’s father said, “Son, you should have a try. You’ve …done well in your writing tests.”可知，Jeremy应该对这个比赛感兴趣，故选B。
23．句意：参加比赛的学生必须在一页纸上交上几句俳句。
what什么；which哪一个；who谁；定语从句关系词；在句中做主语；whom谁，宾格，可作定语从句关系词，作宾语。students是先行词，指人，关系词用who，在句中作主语，故选C。
24．句意：那天Jeremy回家时，他把写作比赛的事告诉了父亲。
if如果；since自从；until直到；when当……时候。根据“he got home that day.”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，故选D。
25．句意：你的写作考试总是考得很好。
never绝不，从不；hardly几乎不；always总是；seldom很少。根据“And the contest sounds like a lot of fun! I believe you are the best.”可知，此处是父亲鼓励他的话，他的写作总是很好，故选C。
26．句意：然而，Jeremy并不那么自信。
confident自信；bored无聊的；worried担心的；nervous紧张的。根据下文“He said, “I don’t know. I don’t think I can do it well.”可知，Jeremy没有那么自信，故选A。
27．句意：如果我不能赢得任何奖项，我就会浪费时间和精力。
found找到；wasted浪费；checked核查；regarded视为；根据“my time and effort”及上文“if I can’t win any of the prizes,”可知，就会浪费时间和精力，故选B。
28．句意：面对Jeremy的消极想法，Jeremy的父亲笑了。
brain大脑；suggestion建议；courage鼓励；thought想法。根据“He said, “I don’t know. I don’t think I can do it well. What’s more, if I can’t win any of the prizes, I would have…my time and effort.””可知，此处是Jeremy的想法，故选D。
29．句意：有时，结果并不重要。
reason原因；result结果；method方法；purpose目的。根据“The journey that one takes to get to the end can be more …” Jeremy listened to his father’s words and felt encouraged.”可知，此处是说结果不重要，故选B。
30．句意：一个人走到终点的旅程可能更有意义。
meaningful有意义的；careful小心的；harmful有害的；successful成功的。根据“Jeremy listened to his father’s words and felt encouraged. Then he decided to write some haikus and take part in the contest.”可知，父亲的建议是结果不重要，走到终点的旅程可能更有意义，故选A。
31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．B 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文作者通过介绍蝴蝶破茧而出的故事，告诉我们年轻人要勇于接受挑战，这样才能走的更远。
31．句意：令他惊讶的是，蝴蝶无法飞翔。
surprise惊讶；joy快乐；disappointment失望；pleasant令人愉快的。根据“He cuts the chrysalis and then the butterfly comes out easily”以及“the butterfly is unable to fly”可知他帮助蝴蝶很容易地从蛹中出来，结果却发现蝴蝶不会飞，所以他很惊讶。故选A。
32．句意：如果蝴蝶不努力摆脱蛹，它就不会飞！
stand站；run跑；fly飞；jump跳。根据“the butterfly is unable to fly”可知此处指蝴蝶不会飞。故选C。
33．句意：同样，生活中的挑战会激发年轻人最好的一面，并为飞行能力做好准备。
method方法；ability能力；situation情况；luck运气。根据“the challenges (挑战) of life bring out the best in young people and prepare the”可知挑战能激发出最好的一面，并为飞行的能力做准备。故选B。
34．句意：当人们年轻时，迎接和克服挑战将使他们变得坚强并准备好面对生活。
sense感觉；like喜欢；believe相信；face面对。根据“make them strong and ready to...life”可知是准备好面对生活。故选D。
35．句意：如果我们观察成功人士，我们会发现他们面临的挑战越多，他们就越成功。
successful成功的；excited兴奋的；dangerous危险的；careful认真的。根据“we look at successful people”可知这些人很成功。故选A。
36．句意：另一个成功的人是埃里克。
Other其他的，后加名词复数；Another三者或三者以上的另一个，后加名词单数；Others其他人或物，后不能加名词；The other两者中的另一个。空格后是名词单数，且泛指很多中的另一个，用another。故选B。
37．句意：他在三十岁的时候建立了一个公司。
on在……上面；by被，由；at在；in在……里。at the age of...“在……岁的时候”。故选C。
38．句意：父亲的去世迫使他快速成长。
get up起床；set up建立；give up放弃；grow up长大。根据“His father’s death forced him to...He faced the challenges bravely and overcame them”可知他父亲的去世让他快速成长，勇敢面对挑战并克服挑战。故选D。
39．句意：今天，不仅他自己，而且他的兄弟姐妹们都过着成功的生活。
but但是；or或者；so所以；and和。not only...but also“不但……而且”。故选A。
40．句意：一些家长和老师积极鼓励年轻人面对挑战。
experience经历；provide提供；encourage鼓励；promise承诺。根据“Some parents and teachers actively...young people to face challenges”可知父母和老师要鼓励孩子面对挑战。故选C。
41．B 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．D 46．A 47．C 48．C 49．B 50．D
【导语】本文讲述作者曾经去华盛顿参加了一场会议。在午餐时间与成功学专家交谈。这次交谈让他受益匪浅。
41．句意：那个地方人很多，所以我花了很长时间才找到一张空桌子。
or或者；so所以；but但是；if如果。根据“The area was crowded,”和“it took me a lot of time to find an empty table.”可知，前后句之间是因果关系，前因后果，因此用连词so。故选B。
42．句意：几分钟后，一位上了年纪的绅士端着一盘食物过来，想找个地方坐下。
seconds秒；minutes分钟；hours小时；days天。根据上文“during the lunch break”可知，作者是在午休时间找位置吃饭，可知这里是几分钟后。故选B。
43．句意：我们在午餐时开始交谈。
fight战斗；drink喝；shout叫喊；talk谈话。根据“during lunch”可知，他们是在吃饭时交谈。故选D。
44．句意：令我惊讶的是，这位年长的绅士在成功的领域很有名。
famous著名的；common普通的；careful细心的；serious严重的。根据下文“He had written four books, each of which contained (包含) 250 rules of…that he had gotten from his research.”可知，这个人写了四本关于成功的书，可知他在成功学领域很有名。故选A。
45．句意：他写了四本书，每本书都包含了他从研究中获得的250条成功法则。
study学习；survey调查；influence影响；success成功。根据上文“in the field of success”可知，这里指的是成功学领域。故选D。
46．句意：聊了一会儿之后，我问了他很多人在这种情况下都会问的问题。
question问题；problem难题；answer答复；matter事情。根据下文“Of all the rules of success you have gotten, which do you think is the most important ”可知，作者是在问问题。故选A。
47．句意：最重要的规则是在许多年前发现的。
wondered想知道；disagreed不同意；discovered发现；refused拒绝。根据“The most important rule was...many years ago”可知，这里指的是最重要的规则是在许多年前发现的。故选C。
48．句意：我发现了许多成功的法则，而且我也发现，如果没有自律，没有一条是有效的。
never从不；hardly几乎不；also也；luckily幸运地。根据“I find many rules of success, and I…find none…”可知，这里表示我发现……，我也发现……。故选C。
49．句意：自律确实是成功的关键。
impossible不可能的；true正确的；interesting有趣的；strange奇怪的。根据“self-discipline is the key to success.”可知，这里表示肯定，自律确实是成功的关键。故选B。
50．句意：没有自律，我们很难成功。
from来自；except除了；about关于；without没有。根据上句“It’s…self-discipline is the key to success.”可知，此处是说自律的重要性，因此这里说没有自律很难成功。故选D。
51．A 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．D 56．B 57．D 58．B 59．A 60．C
【导语】本文讲述了父亲为了鼓励消极的女儿，用热水煮土豆、鸡蛋和茶叶得到的不同结果给女儿讲述了一则人生哲理：面对困境时，我们可以自己选择成为怎么样的人。
51．句意：他让简拿了一个土豆、一个鸡蛋和两勺茶叶。
and和；but但是；or否则，或者；while然而。根据“a potato, an egg...two spoons of tea leaves.”可知土豆、鸡蛋和茶叶之间是并列关系，用连词and。故选A。
52．句意：简很惊讶，问父亲：“你要我做饭吗？”
disappointing令人失望的，修饰物；disappointed失望的，修饰人；surprised惊讶的，修饰人；surprising令人惊讶的，修饰物。根据“Do you want me to cook ”以及“Jane felt puzzled and asked.”可知简是惊讶的，修饰人用surprised。故选C。
53．句意：然后他拿了三个锅，在每个锅里倒了一些水。
poured倒；emptied倒空；pulled拉；threw扔。根据“some water into each pot.”可知是倒水到锅里。固定短语pour into“倒入”。故选A。
54．句意：一旦水开始沸腾，他将土豆放入锅中，第二个放入鸡蛋，第三个放入茶叶。
second第二；the second第二，表特指；a second一秒；secondly其次。根据“in the third one.”可知此处特指第二个，需要用定冠词the。故选B。
55．句意：这位不耐烦的女儿尽力等了大约15分钟。
to leave离开；to look看；to pay付钱；to wait等待。根据“You’ll get the answer in fifteen minutes”可知此处是指等待了约15分钟。固定短语wait for“等待”。故选D。
56．句意：现在，他把两个盘子，一个是土豆，一个是鸡蛋，还有那杯茶放在简面前。
other其他的，后跟名词；the other指两者中的另一个；another泛指另外一个，后跟可数名词单数；others复数，相当于other+名词复数，代指其他的人或物。根据“one with the potato and...with the egg, and the cup of tea in front of Jane.”可知此处是指一个盘子放土豆，另一个盘子放鸡蛋和茶，特指两者中的另一个。故选B。
57．句意：每个物品都面临相似的逆境，但反应不同。
hardly几乎不；regularly经常地；possibly可能地；differently不同地。根据“but”可知此处是指反应是不同地。故选D。
58．句意：当我们把嫩鸡蛋放在沸水里时，它变得很硬。
before在……之前；when当……的时候；though虽然；until直到。根据“we put it in boiling water.”可知此处“when”符合语境，意为当我们把它放进开水中，引导时间状语从句。故选B。
59．句意：真是太棒了！
How引导感叹句，中心词为形容词或副词；What引导感叹句，中心词为名词；What a引导感叹句，其后跟单数可数名词；How much多少。本句为感叹句，且中心词“fantastic”是形容词，用how引导感叹句。故选A。
60．句意：简明白了，即使我们经历了逆境，我们也可以创造新的东西。
nothing没有什么；anything用于否定句/疑问句中，代替something；something某物，常用于肯定句；everything每件事。根据“Jane understood that we could create...new even when we experienced adversities.”可知此处是指即使经历了逆境，也能创造一些新的东西，且本句是肯定句，用something。故选C。
61．A 62．B 63．C 64．D 65．A 66．D 67．C 68．C 69．D 70．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了垃圾分类有很多好处，具体介绍了各个国家采取的一些措施。
61．句意：它不仅可以保护环境，还可以避免浪费有用的垃圾。
avoid避免；finish完成；enjoy享受；mind介意。根据“The sorting of garbage has many advantages”可知垃圾分类可以避免浪费有用的垃圾。故选A。
62．句意：所以人们想出了很多好的方法来分类垃圾。
answers回答；methods方法；results结果；titles题目。根据“come up with”可知是指想出分类垃圾的方法，故选B。
63．句意：近日，英国一家公司发明了一种“智能垃圾桶”，以帮助垃圾分类。
certainly确定地；completely完全；recently最近地；directly直接地。根据“A UK company invented a “smart dustbin” to help with waste sorting”结合语境可知，此处是表示时间上的关系，recently符合，故选C。
64．句意：韩国正在使用一种名为“为浪费买单”的方式，向民众展示如何减少食物浪费。
refuse拒绝；encourage鼓励；survey调查；show展示。根据“Pay For Your Waste”可知韩国用这种方式，向民众展示如何减少食物浪费，故选D。
65．句意：然后智能垃圾桶会告诉你食物的重量。
weight重量；color颜色；shape形状；taste味道。根据“ If they throw away...food, they will pay more.”可知扔掉更多的食物，就会支付更多，因此这个智能垃圾桶会判断出食物的重量，故选A。
66．句意：如果他们扔掉更多的食物，他们就会付更多的钱。
less更少；nicer更好；worse更坏；more更多。根据“they will pay more.”可知食物扔掉更多，付的钱也会更多，故选D。
67．句意：日本是世界上垃圾分类最好的国家。
at在；on在上面；in在里面；to到。根据“Japan does best...waste sorting in the world.”可知此处是指在垃圾分类方面，日本做得最好，表示“在……方面”，用in，故选C。
68．句意：不同种类的纸制品都有各自的垃圾箱。
bags包；money钱；products产品；cups杯子。根据“Different types of paper...have their own dustbins.”可知此处是指不同种的纸质产品，故选C。
69．句意：如果有人不遵守这些规定，有关部门的人会惩罚他们。
support支持；agree同意；discover发现；punish惩罚。根据“If someone does not follow these rules,”可知如果不遵守规定，就会被惩罚，故选D。
70．句意：上海还与支付宝合作，为居民创建“绿色账户”服务。
create创造；find找到；check检查；imagine想象。根据“green accounts (账户)”可知是创建“绿色账户”服务。故选A。
71．D 72．C 73．B 74．A 75．D 76．A 77．C 78．B 79．D 80．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位父亲带儿子参加风筝节的故事，这个故事告诉我们：有时候我们认为阻碍我们成长的东西可能是支持我们的东西。
71．句意：当儿子看到满天都是五颜六色的风筝时，他很高兴。
full充满的；amazed吃惊的；moved感动的；filled满的。根据“colorful kites”可知，此处是满天都是五颜六色的风筝。filled with…“装满……”。故选D。
72．句意：似乎绳子阻止了风筝飞得更高。
dropping放弃；protecting保护；stopping停止；catching捉住。根据“from flying higher”可知，此处是“绳子阻止了风筝飞得更高”，短语stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故选C。
73．句意：如果我们剪掉它，它就会自由飞得更高。
quicker更快的；higher更高的；lower更低的；slower更慢的。根据上文“it seems that the string (线) is …the kite from flying higher.”可知，此处是“它就会自由飞得更高”。故选B。
74．句意：这使小男孩很兴奋。
excited激动的；bored无聊的；worried担心的；interested有趣的。根据“The father cut the string off of the reel (线轴).”可知，父亲简短线轴使小男孩很兴奋。故选A。
75．句意：但是，慢慢地，风筝开始落下。
come back回来；come on加油；come close靠近；come down下来。根据“It soon fell to the ground.”可知，此处是风筝开始落下。故选D。
76．句意：我以为剪断绳子后，风筝会飞得更高。
after在……之后；before在……之前；while当……时候；until直到。根据“the kite would fly higher.”可知，男孩认为剪断绳子后，风筝会飞得更高。故选A。
77．句意：为什么它会掉下来？
What什么；When何时；Why为什么；Where在哪。根据下文“The father explained, “The string was not stopping the kite from going higher, but was helping it …in the sky.”可知，上文应该男孩再问父亲风筝掉下的原因，故选C。
78．句意：但它帮助它留在天空中。
wait等待；stay停留；turn变得；become变成。根据“The string was not stopping the kite from going higher,”可知，此处是线帮助它留在天空中。故选B。
79．句意：你用绳子帮助风筝向正确的方向上升。
point要点；method方法；situation情形；direction方向。根据“by using the string.”可知，此处是用绳子帮助风筝向正确的方向上升。故选D。
80．句意：但事实上，这些可能是支持我们最多的东西。
in total总计；in fact实际上；after all毕竟；for example例如。根据“We may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing.”可知，此处是事实上，这些可能是支持我们最多的东西。故选B。