2023年中考英语拔高练习（1）（含答案及解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年中考拔高练习（1）
一、完形填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
Last August we were on vacation at Diana's Baths, a place famous for waterfalls.
Sitting on the rocks with my husband, I watched some parents (1) guarding their kids away from the rocks' edges. I felt glad that our 8-year-old son Wyatt could (2) himself. Don't get me wrong. I still felt (3) as I saw my boy jump between the rocks. "No running," I said from time to time. "Stay away from the edges." But I soon (4) , and we were all having fun in the water.
(5) , I saw Wyatt sit down between two rocks in the running water. I shouted at him to get out. He shouted back something and then he (6) over the edge.
"Somebody help my son!" I (7) , over and over. But I only heard a woman scream. "That (8) just went over the waterfall!" she shouted at her husband. "We are leaving!" They walked away, not even looking back to see whether our child was OK.
By the time (9) climbed down to the rocks below, my husband had pulled Wyatt out of the water with the help of a young woman. She was (10) first aid. "I'm Lisa, a nurse. I'm not leaving you. "She looked at me (11) , as if she were trying to take every bit of energy, (12) and strength (力量) in her body and pass it on to me. I held on to that energy like a rope that could pull us to (13) .
Wyatt was taken to the hospital immediately. (14) we spent a sleepless night there, we were told Wyatt was going to be OK.
Meeting Lisa has reminded (提醒) me how we need (15) from people we don't know. I know we are two strangers who are less strange.
1. A. nervously B. carelessly C. excitedly D. hopefully
2. A. talk to B. cheer for C. learn from D. look after
3. A. lonely B. proud C. worried D. satisfied
4. A. left B. relaxed C. shared D. returned
5. A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Slowly D. Recently
6. A. looked B. came C. rose D. disappeared
7. A. suggested B. thought C. replied D. cried
8. A. girl B. boy C. man D. woman
9. A. I B. she C. you D. they
10. A. teaching B. learning C. giving D. receiving
11. A. secretly B. happily C. deeply D. strangely
12. A. success B. health C. value D. love
13. A. truth B. safety C. memory D. silence
14. A. If B. Unless C. After D. Before
15. A. help B. advice C. sense D. experience
二、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共20.0分）
A
"What is success " Mr Gruber asked his 6th grade business class. It was his opening conversation for the first class of the term.
"Success is riding in a sweet car, watching an 80-inch TV, and living in a place with at least twelve rooms." One student answered, earning laughs from all the students.
Mr Gruber smiled, but shook his head. "Tom, that is excess(过量). That is not success."
"How about being able to provide for your family " A blonde girl named Sandy in the front suggested as an answer.
"Now we're getting closer," Mr Gruber smiled, "but try thinking about what you need and what you want."
"Getting everything you want." Tom shouted out an answer again, trying for more laughs.
Mr Gruber sighed. "I believe we've already talked about excess versus(与…比较) success." "Getting everything you need, but some of what you want " James, sitting in the back wondered aloud.
"Quite right!" Mr Gruber clapped. "Success is getting everything you need and some of what you want. The more you get that you want, the more successful you are. You do reach a point where you are living in excess, though."
"What does this have to do with business " Tom asked. It seemed if it wasn't funny, he wasn't happy.
"Well, Tom, think of it this way: the point of business is to make a living to support your family. Once you have properly seen to (确保) their needs, you can then see to getting the extras that you want."
"What if I don't have a family " he continued to be difficult.
"Then you have to provide for yourself, a family of one."
"He has goldfish to think about!" Peter, Tom's friend, shouted out.
"Then he needs to provide for a family of one with a fishbowl." Mr. Gruber corrected himself.
Tom nodded, satisfied with that answer.
"So in the next nine weeks, we're going to study basic business situations, like having a checking account and understanding credit cards."
Tom rubbed his hands together excitedly. "When do we get to start spending "
"You already are, Tom. You're spending time with us!" Mr. Gruber laughed. "Now, let's see what you guys know about credit cards…”
16. What class did Mr Gruber teach
A. History B. Science C. Maths D. Business
17. Which student didn't seem to be taking the class seriously
A. Tom B. James C. Peter D. Sandy
18. How did Mr Gruber make his class lively and interesting
A. He himself kept talking.
B. He just read from a textbook.
C. He showed a movie to his students.
D. He got his students to take part in a discussion.
19. What do you think of Mr Gruber according to the passage
A. Strange. B. Patient. C. Shy. D. Proud.
20. What can be the best title of this passage
A. Get What You Want B. Needs and Wants
C. Try to Get More Money D. How to Live Well
B
Rachel Carson (1907-1964) was a pioneer of the world's environmental movement through her writing about the protection of the natural world. Her 1962 book Silent Spring made her well known by many people. It describes the harmful changes in the environment of using toxic (有害的）chemicals on farmland.
Carson's career started as a biologist in the US Bureau of Fisheries. In 1951 she published her first book, The Sea Around Us, which became a bestseller. It made her rich enough to leave her job and devote her life to writing. She was a gifted writer. Her next two books were also about the oceans and both topped the book sales lists.
Carson's book Silent Spring completely changed the way America thought about nature. It painted a bleak (荒凉的）future for the whole natural world. It led to a nationwide ban (禁止）on the use of a deadly chemical called DDT, and other toxic pesticides (农药）that farmers used for their crops. Many people say the book led to the creation of America's Environmental Protection Agency.
Since her death, Carson's name has continued to be connected with protecting the environment. There is now a yearly Rachel Carson Book Prize. Norway awards the Rachel Carson Prize to women who have made great contributions to the field of environmental protection. In 1980, 16 years after her death, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honour in America.
21. What happened to Rachel Carson in 1962？
A. She started to write books.
B. She gave up working as a biologist.
C. Her book The Sea Around Us sold well.
D. Her book Silent Spring made her famous.
22. What most probably made Rachel Carson leave her job
A. She got an award.
B. She published Silent Spring.
C. The Sea Around Us brought her enough money.
D. The US government took notice of her researches.
23. Why is the book Silent Spring important to America's environmental protection
A. It describes a silent spring.
B. It topped the book sales lists.
C. It changed how America thought about nature.
D. It includes all Carson's research achievements.
24. What does the underlined word " It" in Paragraph 3mean
A. The book Silent Spring.
B. The way America thought.
C. The US Bureau of Fisheries.
D. America's Environmental Protection Agency.
25. Why was Rachel Carson awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom
A. She published the book Silent Spring.
B. She did a lot of researches for the US Bureau of Fisheries.
C. She donated much money to the Rachel Carson Book Prize.
D. She made great contributions to the environmental protection.
三、信息匹配（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Do you remember what your dream job was when you were a kid If you want to be a superhero, your dream may never come true. However, there are a number of other jobs you can do! 26 Kids want these jobs because of the interest, the fame, the money and so on. Here are the top 5 kids dream jobs in America.
Astronaut
27 They go to bed dreaming of exploring space, walking on the moon, living in a space station and wearing a spacesuit. So there is no doubt that the astronauts are their future dream jobs. But to be an astronaut needs to have a high level of physical fitness and all kinds of training.
Astronaut salary: MYM 66,026～MYM 144,566/year
Teacher
Many kids dream of becoming a teacher because they have a good childhood memory at school. They used to enjoy school life and help others in school. 28
Teacher salary: MYM 28,790～MYM 58,030/year
Vet
Kids who love pets and animals hope to be a vet from a very young age because they know that vets can treat sick animals and help the animals they love. Vets must complete four years of school to receive a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM or VMD). They also need a state license.
Vet salary: MYM 88,770/year
Doctor
Becoming a doctor is one of the most common childhood dream jobs. Kids see doctors as superheroes. 29 Doctors need not only four years of college, but also four years of medical school.
Doctor salary: MYM 208,000/year
Police Officer
Kids often dream of becoming police officers, like their favorite superheroes. Police officers always fight against bad people and help people in trouble. 30 In order to become a policeman, they must graduate from their agency s training program.
Police officer salary: MYM 61,600/year
A．These jobs interest kids greatly.B．Children admire them because they are very brave.C．As soon as people see doctors, they feel afraid and nervous.D．Many kids want to be astronauts when they grow up.E．If you want to be a teacher, you should get a teacher license first.F．They save many people s lives and keep people healthy.G．Some children think Santa Claus is their dream job in the future.
26. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
27. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
. When you are invited to a meal in Thailand, the words of the (31) (invite) mean "come and eat rice". In fact, nearly all Thai dishes are (32) (eat) with rice. The food that is served is always cut into pieces, so there is no need to use k (33) and forks, but instead, special spoons are (34) (use). The Thai people used to eat with their hands and now there are s (35) some people who eat this way. There is a special w (36) of doing it. First they wash their right hands in a bowl of water--they only eat with their right hands. They are washed in order (37) to let the food touch the bacteria (细菌) of their hands. After the meal, the hands are again carefully (38) (wash). The meal usually (39) (have) several different dishes. They are all hot. They are served in bowls. As Thailand has a long coastline (海岸线), it is not (40) (surprise) that fish and shellfish play an important part in Thai cooking.
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
32. 假设你是悉尼大学的一名华裔学生，名叫Jason Wu。你从China Daily上看到该报正在开展主题为“Change for a Better World”的环保讨论活动，打算结合自己所居住的小镇的变化给报社写一封英文信参与讨论。内容提示见下表：
小镇概况 名为Hartwell（哈特韦尔），人口约五千，“澳大利亚最美小镇”之一
过去状况 当地人冬天燃木取暖，引起空气污染，树木减少
应对措施 立法阻止此类活动，鼓励使用清洁能源
感想／建议 ……
注意：（1）信中须包括表格中所有提示内容，要求语句通顺、意思连贯；
（2）表格中“感想／建议”一栏用两三句话展开合理想象，可以适当发挥；
（3）90词左右。
参考词汇：澳大利亚最美小镇(Australia s Nicest Towns);清洁能源（clean energy）
Dear editor,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
【答案】
1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D
8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. C
15. A
16. D 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. B 21. D
22. C 23. C 24. A 25. D
26. A 27. D 28. E
29. F 30. B
31-40 invitation eaten knives used still way not washed has surprising
32. Dear editor,
I am a student of the University of Sydney. I am living in a small town called Hartwell with a population of around 5,000. It is one of Australia s Nicest Towns. But things were very different in the past. The local people used to burn wood to keep their houses warm in winter. That caused serious air pollution and a lot of trees were cut down. Laws were soon made to stop this and people were encouraged to use clean energy. I think we can do something similar in other parts of the world. Perhaps we can start by using less coal and wood. I believe we can make our world a better place if we keep trying.
Yours sincerely,
Jason Wu
【解析】
1~15. 略
1. nervously紧张地；carelessly粗心地；excitedly激动地；hopefully有希望地。根据“I watched some parents…guarding their kids away from the rocks' edges”可知，此处指一些父母紧张地保护他们的孩子，害怕他们的孩子落水。故选A。
2. talk to和……交谈；cheer for为……欢呼；learn from向……学习；look after照顾。根据“I watched some parents…guarding their kids away from the rocks edges”以及“I felt glad that…”可知，因为“我”的儿子可以照顾自己，“我”不用像其他父母一样保护他，所以“我”感到很开心。故选D。
3. lonely孤单的；proud自豪的；worried担心的；satisfied满意的。根据“as I saw my boy jump between the rocks”以及“No running”可知，看到儿子在岩石之间跳“我”仍旧感到很担心。故选C。
4. leave离开；relax放松；share分享；return返回。根据“and we were all having fun in the water”可知，此处表示“我”很快就放松下来了。故选B。
5. suddenly突然；finally最后；slowly慢慢地；recently最近。根据“and we were all having fun in the water”以及“I saw Wyatt sit down between two rocks in the running water”可知，事情发生得很突然。故选A。
6. look看；come来；rise升起；disappear消失。根据“Somebody help my son!”可知，儿子从岩石边缘掉进水里消失了。故选D。
7. suggest建议；think思考；reply回答；cry呼喊。根据“Somebody help my son!”可知，儿子落水了，“我”一次次地呼救。故选D。
8. girl女孩；boy男孩；man男人；woman女人。根据语境可知，此处指的是“我”八岁的儿子。故选B。
9. I我; she她; you你; they他们。根据“By the time…climbed down to the rocks below, my husband had pulled Wyatt out of the water with the help of a young woman.”可知，此处指“我”爬到下面的岩石上。故选A。
10. teach教；learn学习；give给；receive得到。根据“I m Lisa, a nurse.”可知，她正在进行急救。故选C。
11. secretly神秘地；happily开心地；deeply深沉地；strangely奇怪地。根据“as if she were trying to take every bit of energy…and strength (力量) in her body and pass it on to me”可知，她深沉地看着“我”，想把力量传递给“我”。故选C。
12. success成功；health健康；value价值；love爱。根据“as if she were trying to take every bit of energy…and strength(力量) in her body and pass it on to me”可知，此处表示她正试图把身体里的每一点能量、爱和力量都传递给“我”，让“我”放心。故选D。
13. truth真相；safety安全；memory记忆；silence沉默。根据“I held on to that energy like a rope that could pull us to…”可知，儿子落水“我”感到不安，莉萨可以让“我们”觉得安心，感到安全。故选B。
14. if如果；unless除非；after在……之后；before在……之前。根据“we spent a sleepless night there, we were told Wyatt was going to be OK”可知，此处表示在过了一个不眠夜之后，儿子没事了。故选C。
15. help帮助；advice建议；sense感觉；experience经验。阅读全文可知，儿子落水后，“我们”得到了陌生人的帮助。故选A。
16~20. 【文章大意】“什么是成功？”格鲁伯先生问他的六年级学生。这是他这学期的第一课的谈话。这时学生们就开始发表看法。格鲁伯先生笑着说：你要知道你需要什么，你要什么。之后大家又开始讨论，在交流的过程中格鲁伯先生始终耐心对待学生。
1. 细节理解题。联系原文：“What is success ” Mr Gruber asked his 6th grade business class. 格鲁伯先生问他的六年级的商务班学生：“什么是成功？”因此说明他教的是商务课。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。问题：哪一名学生看起来上课不认真？通过短文的描述可以看出是汤姆不认真。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。通过在课堂上让学生们发表不同看法与意见，格鲁伯先生都在耐心地对待。因此体现他的课是让学生参与来创造的生动有趣。故选D。
4. 细节理解题。阅读短文，在课堂上面对学生们一次又一次提出不同的看法，他都是耐心地对待。明确他是一个善良的人。故选B。
5. 细节理解题。联系原文：try thinking about what you need and what you want 尽力去考虑你所需要的和你想要的。然后师生就开始讨论了。所以明确短文的中心思想是需要和想要。故选B。
21~25. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了环境保护先驱——雷切尔 卡逊的故事。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Her 1962 book Silent Spring made her well known by many people.”可知。在1962年，《寂静的春天》这本书使她成名。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“ The Sea Around Us, which became a bestseller. It made her rich enough to leave her job..."可知。她的那本书使她足够富有而辞去工作。故选C。
3. 推理判断：根据文章第三段中 “ Carson' s book silent Spring completely changed the way America thought about nature”可知。她的这本书完全改变了美国人看待自然的方。故选C。
4. 细节理解题。问题：第3段中带下划线的“it”是什么？依据上文卡森的书《寂静的春天》完全改变了美国对自然的看法。下文它为整个自然世界描绘了一个凄凉的未来。因此it指的是上文中的《寂静的春天》这本书，故选A。
5. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的叙述可知。她被授予这个奖是因为她对环境保护做出了很大的贡献。故选D。
26~30. 1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
31-40
31. 此处表示“邀请”，故填名词invitation。
32. 设空前有be动词，且dishes和eat之间应为被动关系，故此处是被动语态，故填eaten。
33. 此处表示因此没必要使用刀叉；根据forks可知，设空处应用名词复数形式knives。
34. 根据语境可知此处为被动语态，表示“被使用”，故填used。
35. 句意：泰国人过去常常用他们的手吃饭，现在仍然有一些人用这种方式吃东西。still意为“仍然”，符合语境。
36. a way of doing sth意为“做某事的方式”。故填way。
37. 根据常识可知，洗手是为了不让食物沾到手上的细菌，故填not。
38. 手应该是被洗，应用被动语态。故填过去分词washed。
39. 句意：一顿饭通常有几道不同的菜。由上下文可知此处应用一般现在时，The meal为第三人称单数，所以应该用has。
40. 此处放在be动词之后作表语，故应用形容词。It is not surprising that…意为“……不足为奇”。
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