2023年中考英语拔高练习（3）（含答案及解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年中考拔高练习（3）
一、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
A traveler was in a large desert, planning to walk across it in one month. Twenty more days passed, and the journey had been going on (1) . "Soon I'll be able to walk out of this desert," he thought gladly.
But the desert was never friendly (2) travelers. In a short time, there came a strong sandstorm. He hurriedly (3) his head with the clothes, and prostrated himself on the sand. After about ten minutes, the sandstorm (4) . He shook the clothes and stood up. At that moment, he found himself in a hopeless situation—the backpack with food and water was blown away by the (5) .
As we know, it seems (6) to leave the desert without food and water. (7) he had a pear left. He held it in his hands lightly. "Not too bad. At least I have a pear. I (8) I can walk out of the desert."
Days and nights went by quickly, but the desert still looked endless. Besides, thirst and fear of (9) were always around him like ghosts. (10) , each time he was close to losing hope, he forced himself to stare at the pear that he had been (11) . "Not too bad. At least I have a pear."
A small pear became the (12) for his survival (生存）. Three days later, (13) he saw a village not far away, he laughed with excitement. He felt completely relaxed—the "pear" brought him back to (14) .
To keep hope is the best weapon (武器） for victory, so never tell yourself (15) left because as long as you try to search, you can always find a "pear" to pull yourself out of trouble.
1. A. well B. badly C. terribly D. heavily
2. A. at B. on C. to D. by
3. A. played B. beat C. filled D. covered
4. A. began B. stopped C. hid D. continued
5. A. snow B. desert C. sandstorm D. smoke
6. A. right B. impossible C. safe D. important
7. A. Carefully B. Easily C. Sadly D. Luckily
8. A. believe B. wonder C. remember D. advise
9. A. death B. pain C. illness D. sand
10. A. Also B. And C. Or D. However
11. A. smelling B. eating C. keeping D. imagining
12. A. hope B. rule C. question D. plan
13. A. as long as B. even if C. so that D. as soon as
14. A. danger B. steep C. life D. mind
15. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
二、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，共40.0分）
A
It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may be harmful to your health.
First, it is bad for your eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone.
Second, screen use can do harm to children's brains. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect how children's brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is the key to the development of language and reading skills. So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens.
Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep. According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially the young people under 20. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it's hard for you to get enough sleep. So you'd better turn off smartphones, TVs, and all other screens an hour before your bedtime.
To keep healthy, doctors and researchers strongly advise that you shouldn't use screens for long hours.
16. The blue light from your screens can cause ______.
A. eye strain B. headaches
C. dry eyes D. all of the above
17. According to the passage, you can't sleep well because you ______.
A. take a break every 15 minutes
B. have lower levels of white matter
C. use screens too much before bed
D. are the people from 13 to 64
18. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. Using smartphones for long hours does harm to your eyes.
B. A lot of screen time affects children's brain growth.
C. The light from electronics at night may make you excited.
D. People of all ages mustn't use electronics.
19. You may read the passage in ______.
A. a science magazine B. a travel diary
C. a guide book D. a novel
20. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The ways to keep healthy.
B. The harm of using screens too much.
C. The ways to use screens.
D. The advantages of using screens.
B
China is famous for tea. Drinking tea is very popular in China and even around the world. It's said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, "the saint of tea", mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea.
Nowadays, according to different processing ways, there are mainly four kinds of Chinese tea. They are green tea, black tea, oolong tea and scented(有香味的) tea. Without fermentation(发酵), green tea keeps the original color of the tea. If the green tea is fermented before baking, it will be black tea. Oolong tea is partially(部分地) fermented. And if fragrant flowers are mixed in the tea during the processing, the scented tea will be made.
Tea is produced in many different areas in China. For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea. Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing. Later, the tea is packed and sent to many different countries and places around China.
It's believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn't appear until around 1660. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.
Tea is good for people's health and plays an important role in Chinese social life.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
21. Who discovered tea as a drink first according to the passage
A. Shen Nong. B. Lu Yu. C. Hou Yi. D. Yu Gong.
22. How many kinds of Chinese tea are there according to different processing ways in general
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
23. What does the underlined word "fragrant" mean
A. 悦耳的 B. 难闻的 C. 难看的 D. 芳香的
24. Which is the right order to produce tea
①Later, the tea is packed.
②When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
③Then it is sent to many different countries and places around China.
④Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.
A. ④③②① B. ④②①③ C. ④③①② D. ②④①③
25. When did the tea trade from China to Western countries take place
A. During the 6th and 7th centuries. B. Around 1660.
C. In the 19th century. D. In the 1990s.
C

China's highly-respected translator and writer Yang Jiang passed away on May 25 in Beijing, aged 105. Yang graduated from Dongwu University in Suzhou, Jiangsu, in 1932. She went to the UK and France to study in 1935 and returned to China in 1938. Yang wrote lots of works and most of them are still popular now. What's more, Yang finished a translation of Don Quixote. This made her the first Chinese to translate a whole book from Spanish. Her translation has been given as national gifts to visiting leaders of other countries. In 2001, Yang gave away royalties (版税) from books written by her husband Qian Zhongshu and herself worth 10 million yuan, to set up a scholarship fund (奖学金) to help poor students.
Bill Gates is the former chairman of Microsoft Corporation, a worldwide leader in software and Internet technologies. With his friend Paul Allen, he founded Microsoft in the 1970s. With the development of Microsoft, he becomes one of the richest men in the world. In 1999 Gates wrote a book named Business@ the Speed of Thought. The book shows how computers can solve business problems in new ways. The book was published in 25 languages and is welcome in more than 60 countries. Bill Gates has made great contributions to education and health all over the world. He has given away about 21 billion dollars for education and health. When China was struck by COVID-19 (新冠肺炎), he also offered millions of dollars.
26. Where did Yang Jiang pass away
A. In Shanghai. B. In Jiangsu. C. In Beijing. D. In Zhejiang.
27. In which language is Don Quixote written
A. English. B. Spanish. C. French. D. German.
28. When was Microsoft Corporation set up
A. In 1969. B. In 1965. C. In 1985 D. In 1975.
29. What was the book Business @ the Speed of Thought about
A. How to solve business problems with computers differently.
B. How to earn money.
C. How to increase the speed of thought.
D. How to be a successful person.
30. What do Yang and Gates have in common (共同点)
A. They are both successful in business.
B. They both care about education.
C. They are both very rich in the world.
D. They both have translated lots of books.
D
Alfred Brendel, one of the greatest pianists of the 20th century, is also a great writer. You can often detect (察觉) a kind smile behind his words, and he is of course a very careful person. His writing always makes people think of their lives. He wrote a very famous essay A Mozart Player Gives Himself Advice, which the readers like very much.
Now retiring (退休) from the concert stage, Brendel, 90, has written many essays (散文) about his life. In these essays, he considers sound, silence, humor and the performer's role in the experience of his music, so many masters and even many common people are interested in listening to his works.
In "Form and Psychology" in Beethoven's Piano Sonatas, a very famous lecture published in Music and Musicians in 1971, he said, "Although I find it necessary and interesting to think about music, I always try my best to be a good performer." Although it is a little difficult to make all the people understand his life, he won't let himself go anywhere. He believes that he can finally make it.
The musician should find the relationships between the performers and the audience. It is very important for a musician to improve his ability.
31. Alfred Brendel is a great ______.
A. dancer B. pianist C. singer D. worker
32. He often thinks about ______ in his music.
A. sound, happiness, silence and experience
B. sound, silence, humor and his sadness
C. sound, silence, humor and the performer's role
D. some humorous feelings
33. He tries his best to be a good ______.
A. audience B. writer C. singer D. performer
34. Although Brendel is old now, ______.
A. he has written many essays
B. he's still not retired
C. he is the great writer in the world
D. he wants to find the relationships between pianists and audience
35. Which is RIGHT according to the passage
A. Brendel is the greatest pianist of the 20th century.
B. Brendel doesn't love music at all.
C. Brendel is crazy about making speeches.
D. It is very important for him to improve his ability.
三、信息匹配（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
(36)
You may have already forgotten the days when you had to learn how to use chopsticks. Every Chinese kid struggles with them for some time. (37) They come with their own special rules and traditions.
(38) Playing with chopsticks is seen as bad manners, just as making noise with forks and knives in a Western country would be rude.
There are also some superstitions(迷信) related to chopsticks. For example, some people believe that chopsticks should not be left standing upright in a bowl. It looks like the incense(香) that the Chinese use to honor the dead. (39)
You should not tap chopsticks on the edge of the bowl either, as beggars do this to ask for food. Parents may get mad if children do this as they don't want their children to be as poor as beggars in the future.
Apart from being tableware, chopsticks can also be a great gift. (40) Newlyweds(新婚夫妇) sometimes receive chopsticks as a wedding gift. Skilled craftsmen paint beautiful images on chopsticks to make them look like fine artworks.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A.How Chinese kids learn to use chopsticks.B.People should not make noise with chopsticks.C.Learn the rules and traditions behind chopsticksD.Doing it at the dinner table is believed to bring bad luck.E.But chopsticks are not just simple tools to pick up food.F.We should learn the traditional culture behind forks and knives well.G.In Chinese, "chopsticks" reads "kuaizi", which means to have babies soon.
36. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
37. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
38. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
39. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
40. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
41. Mr Jiang is a manager of a big company in Sunshine Town. He is always (1) any time to relax. So he ordered a robot from a robot shop.
The robot made Mr Jiang s life (2) . It helped Mr Jiang a lot in life. And that (3) Mr Jiang to do whatever he liked. It (4) that (5) the robot satisfied Mr Jiang s needs.
After a few comfortable weeks, however, things started to (6) . The robot caught a virus and (7) worked properly. It began to (8) . Mr Jiang did not know (9) it.
(10) , Mr Jiang (11) to return the robot to the robot shop. Robots can help people a lot, but they can also be (12) trouble!
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
1~15.【答案】A、C、D、B、C、B、D、A、A、D、C、A、D、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文讲述的是一个人独自穿越沙漠，开始时较为顺利，然而途中遭遇沙尘暴，最终凭借着一个“梨”存活下来的故事。
1. 根据后文的Soon I'll be able to walk out of this desert可知，旅程一开始比较顺利。故选A项。
2. be friendly to意为“对……友好”，为固定搭配。故选C项。
3. 根据前面提到很强的沙尘暴来临以及后文的with the clothes可知，此处是指拿衣服遮盖住头。故选D项。
4. 根据上文提到沙尘暴来了以及后文“He shook the clothes and stood up.”可知，此处表示沙尘暴停止了。故选B项。
5. 本文第二段主要是在描述沙尘暴来临后的情景，因此食物和水应该是被沙尘暴吹走的。故选C项。
6. 句意：众所周知，没有水和食物，想走出沙漠似乎是不可能的。impossible意为“不可能的”，符合语境。故选B项。
7. 前文中提到食物和水都被吹跑了，后文提到他还有一个梨，所以此处表示“幸运的是”。故选D项。
8. 根据前面的“Not too bad. At least I have a pear.”可知，他在给自己加油打气，因此此处表示他相信自己能走出去，believe意为“相信”。故选A项。
9. 根据前面的“hunger, thirst”以及后面提到的like ghosts可知，困扰他的还有对于死亡的恐惧。故选A项。
10. 联系上下文可知，此处表示转折。故选D项。
11. 联系上下文可知，此处表示他一直保留着的那个梨，keep意为“保留”。故选C项。
12. 句意：一个小小的梨成了他生存的希望。上文中提到每当失去希望的时候，他都要看一看这个梨，故这个梨被视作生存的希望，hope意为“希望”。故选A项。
13. 根据后半句he laughed with excitement可知，此处表示他一看到不远处的村庄就欣喜若狂，as soon as表示“一……就……”。故选D项。
14. 根据前文可知是“梨”使他活着，短语bring sb. to life意为“救活某人”。故选C项。
15. 句意：……所以永远不要告诉自己你一无所剩，因为只要你努力去搜寻了，就总能发现一个帮你摆脱困境的“梨”。结合语境，故选B项。
16~20.【答案】D、C、D、A、B
【解析】【文章大意】文章主要介绍为什么看屏幕的时间太多会对你的健康有害。
1. 根据第二段的A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says...eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes.（研究人员Sarah Hinkley表示，问题来自屏幕发出的蓝光。长时间看智能手机会导致眼疲劳、头痛和干眼症）可知，A、B、C选项都包含在内。故选D。
2. 根据第四段的Doctors say that the light from...to get enough sleep.（医生说，晚上电子产品发出的光可能会让你在睡觉前感到兴奋。那么你就很难得到足够的睡眠）可知，故选C。
3. 根据第二段的Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes.（长时间看智能手机会导致眼睛疲劳、头痛和干眼症）可知，A项“长时间使用智能手机对眼睛有害”表述正确；根据第三段的A new study shows that using screens too much can affect (影响) how children's brains grow.（一项新的研究表明，过度使用屏幕会影响儿童大脑的发育。）可知，B项“大量的屏幕时间会影响孩子的大脑发育”表述正确；根据第四段的Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed.（医生说，晚上电子产品发出的光可能会让你在睡觉前感到兴奋。）可知，C项“晚上电子产品发出的光可能会让你兴奋”表述正确；D项“所有年龄的人都不能使用电子产品”在文中未提及，且结合常识可知，表述并不正确。故选D。
4. 通读全文可知，这是一篇关于过度使用手机带来的危害的说明文，应该出自于科学杂志。故选A。
5. 通读全文可知，文章主要介绍为什么看屏幕的时间太多会对你的健康有害，因此B项“过度使用屏幕的危害”最适合作为文章的标题。故选B。
21~25.【答案】A、C、D、B、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了关于中国茶的一些知识，如茶的发现者、种类、种植地区、贸易往来等。
1. 根据第一段的句子“It's said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.”可知，神农是第一个发现茶可以饮用的人。故选A。
2. 根据第二段的句子“They are green tea, black tea, oolong tea and scented tea.”可知，一共四种茶。故选C。
3. 根据后文“the scented tea will be made”可知，有香味的茶被制作出来，所以，我们可推知如果把“芳香的”花混合在茶里，有香味的茶会被制作出来。故选D。
4. 根据第三段中的“Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing. Later, the tea is packed and sent to many different countries and places around China.”可知，首先，茶树种植在山坡上，其次，茶叶成熟后手工采摘包装；再次，对茶叶打包；最后，茶叶被运送到中国周围的不同国家和地区。顺序是④②①③，故选B。
5. 根据倒数第二段的句子“The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.”可知，中国和西方国家的茶叶贸易发生在19世纪。故选C。
26~30.【答案】C、B、D、A、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文介绍了杨绛和比尔·盖茨。
1. 根据第一篇第一段中 China's highly-respected translator and writer Yang Jiang passed away on May 25 in Beijing可知，杨绛先生是在北京去世的，故选C。
2. 根据第一篇第四段中的Yang finished a translation of Don Quixote. This made her the first Chinese to translate a whole book from Spanish可知，《堂吉诃德》这本书是用西班牙语写的，故选B。
3. 由第二篇第一段中的With his friend Paul Allen, he founded Microsoft in the 1970s.可知，微软公司成立于20世纪70年代，故选D。
4. 由第二篇第二段的The book shows how computers can solve business problems in new ways.可知，比尔·盖茨写的这本书是关于如何利用计算机解决商业问题的，故选A。
5. 根据第一篇最后一段可知，杨绛捐出了丈夫钱钟书和自己所写的价值1000万元的图书版税，成立了一个奖学金基金，帮助贫困学生；而比尔·盖茨也一直致力于教育和医疗的慈善事业，故选B。
31~35.【答案】B、C、D、A、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文介绍了20世纪伟大的钢琴家兼作家——Alfred Brendel。
1. 根据第一段Alfred Brendel, one of the greatest pianists of the 20th century, is also a great writer.（Alfred Brendel是20世纪最伟大的钢琴家之一，也是一位伟大的作家。）可知Alfred Brendel既是钢琴家也是作家，故选B。
2. 根据第二段In these essays, he considers sound, silence, humor and the performer's role in the experience of his music可知，可知他经常思考声音、沉默、幽默和演奏者在他的音乐中所扮演的角色。故选C。
3. 根据第三段I always try my best to be a good performer.可知，他尽全力成为一位好的演奏家，故选D。
4. 根据第二段Now retiring (退休) from the concert stage, Brendel, 90, has written many essays (论文) about his life.可知，虽然Brendel现在老了，但他写了许多散文，故选A。
5. 根据最后一段It is very important for a musician to improve his ability.可知提高他的能力对他来说是非常重要的。故选D。
36~40.【答案】C、E、B、D、G
【解析】1. 通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了使用筷子背后的规矩和传统，故C项“学习筷子背后的规矩和传统”符合题意。
2. 结合下文“筷子本身有自己的规矩和传统”可知，E项“但是筷子并不仅仅是用来夹食物的简单工具”符合语境。
3. 由下文可知，玩筷子就像使用刀叉制造噪音一样，都是不礼貌的，故B项“人们不应该用筷子发出噪音”符合语境。
4. 由上文可知，将筷子竖直地插在碗里是不礼貌的，就像中国祭拜亡灵的香一样，故可推断D项“在餐桌上这样做被认为会带来霉运”符合语境。
5. 根据下文新婚夫妇有时候会收到筷子作为礼物，故G项“在中国，筷子读成‘快子 ，寓意早生贵子”符合语境。
41.【答案】【小题1】
too busy to have
【小题2】
much easier
【小题3】
allowed
【小题4】
seemed
【小题5】
in general
【小题6】
go wrong
【小题7】
no longer
【小题8】
make stupid mistakes
【小题9】
what to do with
【小题10】
In the end
【小题11】
decided
【小题12】
too much
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