Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? Section A Grammar Focus 课件

(共74张PPT)
Section A
Grammar Focus
Unit 5
Unit 5
What are the shirts made of
Grammar-Passive voice
three forms of the verbs
the root form
the past form
the past participle
原形
过去式
过去分词
do
did
done
start
the root form
the past form
the past
participle
push
study
produce
stay
started
pushed
pushed
started
studied
studied
produced
produced
stayed
stayed
regular verbs
regular verbs
the root form
the past form
the past
participle
write
make
beat
become
begin
wrote
made
made
written
beat
beaten
became
become
began
begun
irregular verbs
Passive Voice
Active Voice主动语态
我们每天打扫屋子。
屋子每天被我们打扫。
We clean the classroom every day.
主动句与被动句之间的转换
The classroom is cleaned by us every day .
主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语
主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语
The room is cleaned by us every day.
1.We clean the room every day.
The glass was broken by Tom yesterday.
2.Tom broke the glass yesterday.
Past participle
V.p.p.
be+
be+ V.p.p.
+by sb.
do
did
done
be+ V.p.p.
Present tense一般现在时:
Past tense过去时:
am/is/are
was/were
am/is/are going to+ V.
Future tense将来时:
will+ V.
+ done
+ done
be + done
be + done
do
did
done
be+ V.p.p.
Present perfect tense现在完成时:
Present continuous tense现在进行时:
have/has+ V.p.p.
am/is/are + V.ing
was/were +V.ing
Past continuous tense过去进行时:
be + done
en
be + done
ing
be + done
ing
do
did
done
be+ V.p.p.
Model verbs情态动词:
can:
can+ V.
may:
must:
should:
may + V.
must + V.
should + V.
be+ done
be+ done
be+ done
be+ done
Eg:1.Tom waters the flowers every day.
2. I read some books yesterday.
3. They will hold a sports meeting next month.
The flowers
are watered
by Tom
every day.
Some books were read by me yesterday.
A sports meeting will be held by them next month.
Tips: 1. 主动语态的宾语----被动语态主语
2. 主动语态的主语-----by sb（代词宾格).
3. 主动语态时态----时态；be+V.p.p.
主动句与被动句之间的转换
6. Cindy has already cleaned the car.
7. You must hand in your homework.
4. Lily is reading a book.
5. Sally was playing online games yesterday.
A book is being read by Lily.
Online games were being played by Sally yesterday.
Your homework must be handed in by you.
The car has already been cleaned by Cindy.
Pair work
Passive voice
active voice
Eg: I read a novel every day.
A novel is read by me every day.
主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：
1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。
2. 把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3. 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4. 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
1. Children under 18 _______________ (not allowed) to watch this show without their parents.
2. We ________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.
3. A: What language _________ (speak) in Germany
B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
are not allowed
are paid
4a Complete the sentences with the correct
forms of the verbs in brackets.
is spoken
4. Most of the earth’s surface __________ (cover) by water.
5. The classroom ___________ (clean) by the students every day.
is covered
is cleaned
2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses.
3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.
The best materials are used by this shop to make dresses.
4b Rewrite the sentences using the
passive voice.
Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.
4. The postman brings letters and postcards to people’s homes.
5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often.
Letters and postcards are brought to people’s homes by the postman.
This silver plate is not used very often by our family. / This silver plate is not used by our family very often.
练习册语法部分和
Oral practice
My name is Soccer. I am busy every day
although I am only 3 years old. My mom is
strict with me. She doesn’t allow me to put
toys disordered. I get up at 7:30 from Monday
to Friday. I brush my teeth and wash my face
before having breakfast. I can help my mom
wash socks sometimes. My father sends me
to kindergarten at 8:30.
I am not allowed to put toys
disordered
My teeth are brushed
My face is washed
I am sent to kindergarten at 8:30
My daily life
It’s wonderful to learn something interesting and play games with Mrs. Shen and my friends. Look, we are playing games
on the playground. We were cutting the paper at this time yesterday. We also watered some flowers in the kindergarten.
I have learned 3 songs in the past month. I will read 5 cartoons and make 2 hand-made toys next month.
games are being played
by us on the playground
Paper was being cut
at this time yesterday
Some flowers were watered by us in the kindergarten
Three songs have been learned by me
Five cartoons will be read and two hand-made toys will be made by me next month.
coin
blouse
stamp
window
ring
scarf
products
A:What’s it
B:It’s a/an...
handbag
watch
fork
glass
balloon
cap
products
A:What’s it
B:It’s a/an...
gloves
paper cuttings
scissors
chopsticks
A:What are they called
B:They are called...
products
products
material
What is it made of
It is made of...
glass
glass
silver
paper
wood
steel
silk
What are they made of
They are made of...
cotton
wool
plastic
bamboo
steel
plastic
material
银
铁
棉
钢
金
玻璃
塑料
羊毛
木头
纸
丝绸
竹
silver
iron['a n
cotton
steel
gold
glass
plastic
wool
wood
paper
silk
bamboo
A:What’s this
B: It’s an English book.
A:Is it made of cotton
B:No,it isn’t. It isn’t made of cotton.
A:What’s it made of
B:It’s made of paper.
A:Is it made from wood
B:Yes,it is. It is made from wood.
A:Where is it made
B:It is made in China and it’s made by machine.
pattern 1
A:What’s this
B: It’s an/a...
A:Is it made of ...
B:No,it isn’t. It isn’t made of ...
A:What’s it made of
B:It’s made of ...
(A:Is it made from ... 选择使用
B:Yes,it is. It is made from ...)
A:Where is it made
B:It is made in ... and it’s made by machine/hand.
Practice
1.watch 2.ring 3.stamp 4.bread 5.glass 6 blouse
1.wood
2.steel
3.glass
4.silver
5.paper
6.flour
1.China
2.Germany
3.France
4.Korea
5.Switzerland
6.Australia
A:What are they called
B: They are called chopsticks.
A:Are they made of steel
B:No,they aren’t. They aren’t made of steel.
A:What are they made of
B:They are made of plastic and bamboo.
A:Where are they made
B:They are made in China and they are made by hand.
pattern 2
Practice
A:What are they called
B: They are called ...
A:Are they made of ...
B:No,they aren’t. They aren’t made of ...
A:What are they made of
B:They are made of ...
A:Where are they made
B:They are made in ... and they are made by hand/machine.
1.gloves 2.chopstics 3.scissors
1.wood
2.steel
3.plastic
4.cotton
5.bamboo
1.China
2.Germany
3.France
4.Korea
5.Switzerland
6.Australia
A:customer
B:shop keeper
1.China
2.Germany
3.France
4.Korea
5.Switzerland
6.Australia
A: Excuse me. Is/Are ...made of/from...
B:No,it isn’t/they aren’t.
A:What is/are they made of/from
B:It is/They are made of/from ...
A:Where was/were they made
B:It was/They were made in ...
A:Ok,I’ll take it/them.How much is it/are they
B:...yuan.
1.watch 2.ring 3.stamp
4.bread 5.glass 6 blouse
7.gloves 8.chopstics 9.scissors
1.wood
2.steel
3.glass
4.silver
5.paper
6.flour
7.plastic
8.cotton
9.bamboo
10.silk
A:What’s this
B: It’s an English book.
A:Is it made of cotton
B:No,it isn’t. It isn’t made of cotton.
A:What’s it made of
B:It’s made of paper.
A:Is it made from wood
B:Yes,it is. It is made from wood.
A:Where is it made
B:It is made in China and it’s made by machine.
A:What are they called
B: They are called chopsticks.
A:Are they made of steel
B:No,they aren’t. They aren’t made of steel.
A:What are they made of
B:They are made of plastic and bamboo.
A:Where are they made
B:They are made in China and they are made by hand.
The team is made up of 30 students and a teacher .
be made + 介词短语
*be made of … 由...制成 从成品中仍可以看出原材料
The desk is made of wood .
*be made from … 由…制成 从成品中看不出原材料的成份或特征
Paper is made from wood .
*by made by … 由……制成。by强调动作的执行者或方式。
The machines were made by the workers .
*be made in … 由……制造。in强调地点。
This kind of watch is made in Shanghai.
*be made into … 把……制成……
Glass is made into bottles.
*be made up of … 由……组成/构成
p58 p61
A: What’s your … made of
B: It’s made of …
A: Where was it made
B: It was made in …
jacket
sweater
ring
A: What’s your … made of
B: It’s made of …
A: Where was it made
B: It was made in …
T-shirt
shoes
cap
gloves
People play football all over the world.
2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.
3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.
Football is played all over the world by people.
A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.
The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully.
把下列的主动句变为被动句。
1. Tea is grown in South China.（改为主动语态）
People _______ _________ in South China.
2. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态)
Metal ________ _________ ______ making machines.
grow
tea
按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
is
used
for
3. They produce silk in Suzhou. (改为被动句)
Silk _________ _________ in Suzhou.
4. We call maths the language of science. (改为被动句)
　Maths _________ _________ the language of science.
is
produced
is
called
1. Cotton ______ in the southeast of China.
　　A. is grown B. are grown
C. grows D. grow
2. The Great Wall ______ all over the world.
　　A. knows B. knew
C. is known D. was known
A
选择正确答案。
C
3. In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar.
　　A. is serving 　　 B. is served　　
C. serves　　 D. served
4. — Do you often clean your classroom
— Yes. Our classroom _______ every day.
A. clean B. cleans
C. is cleaned D. is cleaning
B
C
被动语态的几种句型
1. 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…)
A sweet song is sung by her on the stage.
2. 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…)
A sweet song isn’t sung by her on the stage.
3. 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)
Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage
4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)
Where is a sweet song sung by her
Do you water your flowers every day (变为被动句)
Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (变为疑问句)
Are your flowers watered by you every day
Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country more beautiful？
按要求改写下列句子。
3. This English song is sung by the girls after class.
① 改为否定句
②改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答
③对划线部分提问
This English song is not sung by the girls after class.
Is this English song sung by the girls after class
Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
When is this English song sung by the girls
被动语态的运用:
（1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没
有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。
The house is quite old. It was built in 1950.
这座房子太旧了，它是1950年建的。
When will the road be opened to traffic
这条路什么时候通车？
（2） 需要强调动作的对象即宾语时。

Calculator can’t be used in the math exam.
计算器不能用于数学考试。
He was awarded first prize in that contest.
他在比赛中得了第一。
有时为了礼貌等原因不愿说出行为者,这时也常用被动语态。
The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month.
新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。
You are requested to give a performance.
请你给我们表演一个节目。
（3）
主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
含有双宾语，即直接宾语(常指事物)和间接宾语(常指人)的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式，但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack tells us the truth.
　We are told the truth by Jack.
　The truth is told (to) us by Jack.
He gives me the football. (改成被动语态)
I _____ ______ the football by him.
The football ______ ______ ______ me by him.
am
given
is
given
to
动词的主动形式表示被动之意
1) 系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意。常见的系动词有： be动词, look, seem, appear, feel, sound, smell, taste等
It smells terrible.
2) 下列动词（词组）没有被动式： happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, take
An accident happened yesterday.
注 意
3) 不及物动词sell, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book sells well.
这本书畅销。
The kind of cloth washes well.
这种布很耐洗。
4) 在英语口语中，有时可用“get+过去分词”构成被动语态。如：
I got dressed as quickly as l could.
我尽快穿上衣服。
这样结构比较常见的搭配有：get arrested, get caught, get dressed, get drowned, get drunk, get lost, get married等。
Pair Work
A: Where are …
B: They are … in …
grow in Brazil
grow in Colombia
grow in China
grow in Canada
A: Where is / are …
B: It is / They are … in …
followed by
interviewed by
Han Han’s books are popular. They _______ by many teenagers.
A. is read B. was read
C. are read D. were read
【解析】由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用一般现在时；主语they是复数形式，故答案选C项。
典型例题
This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ______ well.
A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold
【解析】某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等, 且主语是非生命的名词或代词, 用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为This listening material为第三人称单数; sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选A。
— Excuse me. I’m looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
— Sorry. The book you ask for______ out.
A. is selling B. is sold
C. was selling D. will be sold
【解析】主语the book和动词sell构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，你要的书已售完”。故选B。
— At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
— More chances _______ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. are offered
C. have offered D. are offering
【解析】句子大意为“小组学习为学生提供了更多相互学习的机会”。“机会”和“提供”之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四个选项中，只有are offered为被动语态。故选B。
— Didn’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right
— Sorry, I didn’t. But now I know parking _______ here.
A. wasn’t allowed B. isn’t allowed
C. won’t allow D. doesn’t allow
【解析】由上句中的“No Parking!”可知，停车不被允许，根据时间状语now可知，考察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选B。
The child without parents ______ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken B. are taken
C. take D. takes
【解析】主语the child与动词短语take care of之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
— Have you finished your project
— Not yet. I’ll finish it if I _______ ten more minutes.
A. give B. am given
C. will give D. will be given
【解析】句意“如果再给我十分钟我会完成它”，主语与动词give之间是被动关系，在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选B。
This pair of shoes _______ hand, and it ______ very comfortable.
A. is made with; is felt
B. are made from; is felt
C. are made of; feels
D. is made by; feels
【解析】句意： “这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服”，主语this pair of shoes不能执行谓语动词make，故用被动语态且主语为第三人称单数形式，用is made by的被动结构; feel为连系动词, 不能用被动语态，故选D。
— Paul, what were you doing at nine last
night
— I ____________ a movie in the cinema
with my friends.
(2018北京)
A. was watching B. watch
C. have watched D. will watch
中考链接
A
— Did you hear the strange noise next door at around 10 o’clock last night
— No. I ______________ my favorite music in my bedroom.
(2018凉山州)
A. listen to B. listened to
C. was listening to D. am listening to
C
The film Operation Red Sea ____________ a lot of praise since its first show months ago.
(2018上海)
A. wins B. won
C. will win D. has won
D
— Jerry, have you ever been to the Great Wall
— Yes. I _____________ there with my parents last year.
(2018天津)
A. go B. went
C. will go D. have gone
B
They don’t live here any longer. They ________ to Chengdu last month.
(2018重庆A卷)
A. move B. moved
C. will move D. are moving
B
It is said that the number of forest parks in Guangdong ________ to more than 1,000 so far.
(2018广东)
A. increase B. increased
C. has increased D. will increase
C