Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected Grammar 课件

(共25张PPT)
Grammar
Unit 12
Life is full of the unexpected .
Do you remember any unexpected situation in your daily life
fall down
oversleep
miss the bus
leave your homework at home
Life is full of unexpected.
（wake up late）
overslept
She_________ .
When she woke up, the alarm clock had gone off .
Mary had an unexpected day. What happened to her
By the time she got up, someone had already gotten in the shower.So she had to take a shower quickly.
Then she _______________to school.
What happened to her
ran all the way
But the bus had left before she went outside.She had to wait for the bus.
And when she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.
What happened to her
But when she got home, she realized she had left her keys in the backpack.
Then she ran home to get her backpack.
So she _____________school without her keys or her backpack.
What happened to her
ran back to
And by the time she walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.
What happened to her
But by the time she got back to school, the bell had rung.
Retell Mary’s story .
When she woke up, the alarm clock had gone off.
Firstly,she overslept.
By the time she got up, someone had already gotten in the shower.So she had to take a shower quickly.
Then she ran all the way to school.
But by the time she got back to school, the bell had rung.
But the bus had left before she went outside.She had to wait for the next bus.
And when she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.
Then she ran home to get her backpack.
But when she got home, she realized she had left her keys in the backpack.
So she ran back to school without her keys or her backpack.
And by the time she walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.
overslept
took a shower
went outside
ran to school
left her backpack
left her keys in the backpack
ran back to school
walked into class
started teaching
Work in groups to retell Mary’s story .
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Make up an ending for the story and share it with your partner.
The teacher looked at Mary and asked her if she had finished the homework. Mary told her the unexpected things she met with this morning but they sound like excuses to the teacher. Therefore, Mary was asked to finish the homework in the class. What an unforgettable day it is for Mary!
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Read the sentences and find the rules.
When she woke up, the alarm clock had gone off .
Firstly,she overslept.
By the time she got up, someone had already gotten in the shower.
Then she ran all the way to school.
But by the time she got back to school, the bell had rung.
The bus had left before she went outside.
When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.
Then she ran home to get her backpack.
But when she got home, she realized she had left her keys in the backpack.
So she ran back to school without her keys or her backpack.
And by the time she walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.
Language points
过去完成时
(1)用法：
用来描述在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。(过去的过去)
(2) 构成：
由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成.
(3) 标志词：
表示过去某一时间之前发生的动作，用by the time, before, when...+过去时间；by the end of +过去时间， by +过去时间
(表示过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态常与already, since+时间状语，for + 时间状语连用。)
过去完成时
Language points
(4)句型结构：
肯定句：had + 动词的过去分词
I had finished my homework by nine o’clock last night.
否定句：hadn't + 动词的过去分词
I hadn’t finished my homework by nine o’clock last night.
一般疑问句：Had … + 动词的过去分词
Had you finished your homework by nine o’clock last night
回答: Yes, 主 + had.
No, 主 + had not.
Yes,I had.
No, I hadn’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句
What had you finished by nine o’clock last night
过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。
他说他以前见过你。
He said that he _________ (see) you before.
had seen
过去完成时的具体用法
2.过去完成时词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发
生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续
或将继续下去。
到去年为止，我已经买了这本书8年了。
By last year, I _________ (buy) this book for eight years.
我到电影院时，电影已经开始30分钟了。
When I arrived at the cinema , the movie ______________(be on ) for 30 minutes.
had had
had been on
3.过去完成时和 already, just, ever, yet等
连用表示过去的过去。
他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。
He told me that his team _________ already ___________ (win).
她说她仍没去过长城。
She said that she _______________(not go to) the Great Wall yet.
had
won
hadn’t been to
总 结
概念: __________________________________
过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。
构成：_____+___________
had
过去分词
标志词: _________________________________________
by,by the time(of),when,before,by the end of ,aready,since,for
句型结构：肯定句：__________________________________
否定句：___________________________________
疑问句：____________________________________
回答：_______________________________________
特殊疑问句：________________________________
用法：_____________________________________________
___________________________________________________
过去某一时刻或某一事件前完成的动作或状态。
过去某一时刻或某一事件前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间
had + 动词的过去分词
hadn't + 动词的过去分词
Had … + 动词的过去分词
Yes, 主 + had.
No, 主 + had not.
特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句
1.一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或
存在的状态。
例：We started to learn English 5 years ago.
我们五年前开始学英语。
一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时
5 years ago
now
2. 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现
在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。其结
构为：“助动词 have（has）+过去分词” 。
例：We have learned English for 5 years.
我们已经学了五年的英语了。
5 years ago
have learned
now
3. 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前
已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即
“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。
例：We had learned English for 4 years by last year.
到去年为止，我们已经学英语四年了。　　　　　
past in the past
past
now
4a
Make sentences using by the time or before.
1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up.
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
2. The coffee became cold. I put cream (n. 奶油) in the coffee.
_________________________________
_________________________________
Before I put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
Practice(教材 4a/4b 练习册语法）
3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school.
__________________________________
__________________________________
4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday (n. 工作日) ended.
__________________________________
__________________________________
By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema.
_________________________________
_________________________________
6. My mother finished making the apple pie (n. 果馅派). I got home from my language course.
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
The movie had started, before I arrived at the cinema.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
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4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else _____ already __________.
2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he ____________ to add the green beans (n. 豆).
rush out, forget, arrive at, go into,
show up (赶到；露面), find out
showed up
had
had forgotten
3. By the time my mother came back from the market (n. 市场), I ____ already __________
the door to go for my piano lesson.
4. Before she got to the airport, she _________ ___ about the earthquake.
5. When she _________ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he ____________ the building.
had
rushed out
arrived at
had gone into
had found
out