牛津译林版（2020）选修第一册Unit2 The Universal Language Integrated skills 1课件-(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
Unit 2
Working the land
Comparing chemical farming and organic farming
Comparing chemical farming and organic farming
To read an article from a website about chemical farming;
To listen to an interview about organic farming;
To compare chemical farming and organic farming;
To discuss chemical farming and organic farming.
Can you think of ways to increase crop harvest
What makes crops grow faster & better
It is fertilizer.
How many kinds of fertilizers do you know
There are two kinds.
Chemical fertilizers
Natural fertilizers
Chemical fertilizers
Natural fertilizers
Chemical farming
Organic farming
Better

Sarah is doing research on farming in order to write an article for the Farm to School Week. She has found a website article about chemical farming.
A
Look at the title and answer the following question.
What do you know about chemical farming
Many farmers use chemical farming as a great way to increase crop production, but it does damage to the environment as well as people’s health.
Chemical farming
Read the website article and fill in the table with the topic sentence of each paragraph.
Paragraph Topic sentence
Para.1
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
The use of chemicals in farming is widespread with more than 90 per cent of the world’s farmers using artificial fertilizers and pesticides.
The fact is that chemicals work faster than organic products.
The downsides of using chemicals in farming are obvious.
It is important to weigh the pros and cons of chemicals before using them.
Focus on the description of chemical farming by completing the following table based on the article.
Chemical farming Present (1) ________ The use of chemicals in farming is (2) __________ with most farmers using artificial fertilizers and pesticides.
Ways to make decisions (3) _____________ more about the advantages and disadvantages of using chemicals in farming will help you decide (4) _____ food you will eat.
situation
widespread
Understanding
what
Chemical farming (5) ______ for farmers using chemicals Chemicals work faster than organic products, (6) ______ allows plants to grow faster. Crops can (7) __________ from pests due to the quick action of artificial pesticides.
Disadvantages of using chemicals in farming (8) __________ polluting the environment, they also affect all living organisms, either immediately or over long periods of time.
Reasons
which
be protected
Apart from
Chemical farming It is commonly acknowledged that chemicals are an important tool for farmers; (9) ________, it is important to (10) _______ the pros and cons of chemicals before using them, and to minimize the damage they do if possible.
however
weigh
Read the website article again and answer the following questions.
What is the present situation of using chemicals in farming
(2) Why has the world’s bee population declined alarmingly over the last few decades
(3) What did Rachel Carson’s book reveal
The bee population has declined alarmingly partly due to the overuse of pesticides.
More then 90 per cent of the world’s farmers use artificial fertilizers and pesticides.
It revealed how the pesticide DDT was causing severe damage to the environment and to humans.
Answer the following questions.
Why do farmers use chemicals
(2) What are the disadvantages of using chemicals in farming
Chemicals not only pollute the environment, but also affect all living organisms.
Because the use of chemicals brings immediate results, in terms of both plant growth and protection.
Sarah is interviewing a farmer about organic farming. Listen and finish the following exercises.
B
B1 Listen to the interview and choose the best answer. Circle the letters of the correct options.
1 Why do organic crops taste better
a They recycle animal waste.
b They reduce chemicals.
c They produce more natural, healthy compounds.
2 What happens when soil microorganisms break down organic materials
a Pests are killed.
b Nutrients go into the soil.
c Animal habitats are safely maintained.
3 How does Sarah feel about the interview
a She is glad that she has learnt a lot from the interview.
b She is worried that organic farming might affect crop yields.
c She is grateful to Mr Zhao for his efforts at organic farming.
B2 Listen to the interview again and complete the notes below.
Organic farming
Basic introduction
Aiming to reduce farming’s overall impact on the environment and improve (1) _________________ as well as consumers’ health
Focusing on (2) _________________ and avoiding using chemicals
food quality
recycling waste
Advantages of organic farming
Producing food that is chemical-free and (3) ____________
Trying to (4) _________________, not against it
Disadvantages of organic farming
Requiring specialized (5) ___________________
Affecting farmers’ (6) _________________
tastes better
work with nature
knowledge and skills
crop yields
Focus on the description of organic farming by completing the table below.
Organic farming Basic information
Advantages
Disadvantages
an eco-friendly practice
recycling waste as natural fertilizer
better tasty food
working with nature
requiring specialized knowledge and skills
affecting the crops they produce
Work in groups to discuss which method you prefer, chemical farming or organic farming.
A: Do you know that over 90 per cent of the world’s farmers prefer chemical farming methods to organic ones I think that’s the right choice. Chemicals allow crops to grow faster as they release nutrients and enrich poor soil rapidly. Chemical farming is also a more effective way to control pests compared with organic farming. As a result, the use of chemicals results in bigger harvests.
B: That’s true. Organic farmers recycle animal waste into natural fertilizer and rely on natural pest control organisms to protect crops. Not using chemicals may cause organic farmers to lose more crops to diseases or pests by contrast. Yet I still think organic farming is the more attractive option as it focuses on crop quality rather than high yields.
A: I see what you mean, but I’m not sure. Using chemicals does make farmers’ work easier. Organic farming, on the contrary, requires that farmers should have specialized knowledge and skills to control pests, grow crops and manage soil.
B: I understand your concern. Organic farming isn’t easy but it’s well worth the effort. A key concept of organic farming is that it works with nature, not against it. By not using chemicals, it is eco-friendly.
A: Yes, you’re right. Chemicals can cause damage to water, soil and ecosystems, but the reality is that it’s possible to minimize the impact of chemical farming. For example, farmers can reduce the use of chemicals with the help of precision farming.
B: That’s a good point! However, as a consumer, I prefer organic farming because I want to eat good-tasting and healthy food. And it’s been proved that organically farmed plants produce more natural, healthy compounds and taste better.
A: That makes sense. However, consumers have to pay more for organic food. Considering the problem of world hunger and the urgent need for more food, I would still choose chemical farming.
B: Well, organic farming is my first choice because its long-term benefits outweigh its short-term challenges.
1. Preview Parts C and D.
2. Write an article about the differences between chemical farming and organic farming in not more than 100 words.