晋城市第二中学校2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷（含答案）
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晋城市第二中学校2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Employment Opportunity at Casals School of Excellence
Title: Teacher Assistant
Essential Functions:
●Help with the care of students during lunchtime and playground activities.
●Assist students in completing classroom assignments and collecting and grading examination materials.
●Assist teachers in preparing noticeboards and displaying students' work in classrooms.
●Maintain the careful and neat arrangement of classrooms and perform security functions within the school
●Check up on students to make sure they follow class rules.
●Greet and direct visitors to appropriate areas of the school.
●Consult with teachers about concerns of individual students.
Minimum Qualifications:
●Training and pletion of an Associate's degree from a college or university recognized the North Central Association, or successful completion of a teacher assistant training program approve by the state of Illinois. Knowledge, abilities, and skill. Good knowledge of English grammar and spelling and basic knowledge of mathematics and Chicago Public Schools rules. Ability to work with school-age children, to follow instructions, and to use printers, copy machines, telephone systems and other necessary devices in teachers' office. Good reading and communication skills; skill in operating audio-visual(视听的) equipment and computers is highly desirable.
About us
Casals School of Excellence opened in 1989 and in 2012 Chicago Public Schools turned over the management of Casals School of Excellence to AUSL. The nonprofit creates schools of excellence by developing highly effective teachers and transforming educational outcomes for students in the lowest- performing schools. Now our vision is to create a multicultural community that will prepare and educate students to be self-motivated, independent and lifelong learners.
1、What is the teacher assistant asked to do
A. Record the progress of students. B. Arrange visits to the school.
C. Keep the school in good order. D. Help with classroom tasks.
2、Which of the following is a must for an applicant to get the job
A. Having remarkable computer skills
B. Knowing all subjects taught in school
C. Finishing a teacher assistant training program.
D. Operating basic office equipment
3、What might AUSL be
A. A government institution. B. A school management organization
C. A public school. D.A human resources department.
For several days I (Jane Eyrc) saw little of Mr. Rochester. One evening, I was invited to talk to him after dinner. There was a smile on his lips, and his eyes were shining brightly. As I was looking at him, he suddenly turned around and asked me, "Do you think I'm handsome, Miss Eyre "
The answer somehow slipped from my tongue before I realized it: "No, sir."
"Ah, you are really unusual! You look like a quiet, serious little person, but you can be almost rude."
"Sir, I'm sorry. I shouldn't have given an immediate answer to such a question about appearances; I should have said that beauty doesn't matter, or something like that."
"No, you shouldn't! I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stick a sly penknife under my ear! You have honesty and feeling. There are not many girls like you. Perhaps you have awful faults to counterbalance(抵消) your few good points."
I thought to myself that he might have too. He seemed to read my mind, and said quickly, "Yes, you're right. I have plenty of faults. I went the wrong way when I was twenty-one, and have never found the right path again. I might have been as good as you, and perhaps wiser. I am not a bad man, take my word for it, but I have done wrong. It wasn't my character, but circumstances that were to blame. Why do I tell you all this Because you're the sort of person people tell their problems and secrets to, because you're sympathetic and you give them hope."
"Don't be afraid of me, Miss Eyre," he continued." You don't relax or laugh very much, perhaps because of the effect Lowood has had on you. But in time you will be more natural when you're with me, and laugh, and speak freely. You're like a bird in a cage. When you get out of the cage, you'll fly very high. Good night."
4、The passage wants to tell us that _____.
A. Mr. Rochester tries to communicate more with Mr Eyre
B. Mr. Rochester is a man who has bad temper
C. Miss Eyre is critical of Mr. Rochester
D. Miss Eyre appreciates Mr. Rochester very much
5、Why did Mr. Rochester say "and then you stick a sly penknife under my ear" in paragraph 5
A. Because Jane had offered some unnecessary explanations.
B. Because Jane had intended to be more critical of Mr. Rochester.
C. Because Jane had regretted having talked to him.
D. Because Jane had intended to kill him with a knife.
6、From what Mr. Rochester told Miss Eyre, we can conclude that he wanted to ______.
A. tell her all his troubles B. tell her his life experience
C. change her opinion of him D. change his circumstances
7、Mr. Rochester sounded _____ at the end of the passage.
A. rude B. cold C. friendly D. encouraging
Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) recently announced that they have figured out how to engineer a biofilm(生物膜) that harvests the energy in evaporation(蒸发) and changes it to electricity. This biofilm, which was announced in Nature Communications, has the potential to revolutionize the world of wearable electronics, powering everything from personal medical sensors to personal electronics.
'This is a very exciting technology,' says Liu Xiaomeng, graduate student in electrical and computer engineering in UMass Amherst's College of Engineering and the paper's lead author. "It generates real green energy, and unlike other so-called 'green-energy sources', its production is totally green."
That's because this biofilm-which is a sheet of bacterial cells and as thin as a sheet of paper—is produced naturally by an engineered version of the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens. G. sulfurreducens is known to produce electricity and has been used previously in "microbial batteries" to power electrical equipment. But such batteries require that G. sulfurreducens be properly cared for and fed a constant diet. By contrast, this new biofilm, which can supply as much energy as a comparably sized battery, works continuously, because it is dead. And because it's dead, it doesn't need to be fed.
The secret behind this new biofilm is that it makes energy from the moisture(水分) on your skin. Though we daily read stories about solar power, at least 50% of the solar energy reaching the earth goes toward evaporating water. "This is a huge, undiscovered source of energy," says Yao Jun, professor of electrical and computer engineering at UMass Amherst, and the paper's one senior author. Since the surface of our skin is constantly moist with sweat, the biofilm can "plug into" it and change the energy locked in evaporation into enough energy to power small equipment. "Our next step is to increase the size of our film to power more intelligent wearable electronics," says Yao, and Liu points out that one of the goals is to power entire electronic systems, rather than single equipment.
8、What function is the biofilm expected to achieve
A. Updating wearable electronics B. Changing the way of getting electricity
C. Acquiring power from evaporation D. Supplying energy to microbial batteries
9、What is the advantage of the biofilm compared with microbial batteries
A. It's thinner in thickness B. It's environmentally friendly
C. It requires a constant diet D. It is more economical in usage
10、How does the biofilm power small devices
A. By producing continuous electricity from sweat
B. By gaining energy from electronic systems
C. By using water to generate electricity
D. By interacting with solar power
11、Which of the following can NOT describes the biofilm
A. Promising. B. Vulnerable. C.Flexible. D. Practical
Would you BET on the future of this man He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote(《堂吉诃德》). And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before
We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark. I'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can't all get there. I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我), whether to loved ones, to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept.
Many of us equate(视……等同于) “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck, or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are. They've learned life's most valuablelesson.
12、The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that ____.
A. loss of freedom stimulates one's creativity
B. age is not a barrier to achieving one's goal
C. misery inspires a man to fight against his fate
D. disability cannot stop a man's pursuit of success
13、What could be inferred from Paragraph 4
A. Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.
B. Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
C. Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.
D. Opportunity awaits those with a cautious mind.
14、What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5
A. A tough man can tolerate suffering.
B. A wise man can live without self-pity.
C. A man should try to satisfy people around him.
D. A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.
15、What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A. To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B. To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C. To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D. To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.
二、七选五
16、How to Realize Your True Potential
Every human being, regardless of race, sex, or any other characteristic, has the incredible capacity to realize their potential. ①______, there are several steps you can make on your path to this realization.
Determine your core values. In order to realize your full potential, you must know and live according to your core values. ②______ Studies suggest that you will find your life more meaningful, and feel a deeper sense of happiness, if you live a life that is in line with what's the most important to you.
③______ Once you have a good idea of your core values and what areas of your life could be, take some time to decide your true potential. Is it personal improvement More success in your career
Be patient and kind to yourself ④______ More importantly, it will take self-compassion. Acknowledge your strengths and skills as well as the areas in which you need to grow. Honor the efforts you make each day toward realizing your true potential.
Find areas that do not agree with your values. If you don't feel like you're living up to your true potential, it could be because parts of your life are currently not up to your core values. ⑤______
A. If you take it for granted
B. Though it will be no easy task
C. Decide what your true potential looks like.
D. Determine whether you have set up your final goals.
E. Achieving your true potential will take time and effort.
F. So see whether these are areas in which you like to change.
G. These are the things that shape how you view yourself, others, and the world around you.
三、完形填空（15空）
When I was young, my understanding of life was simple. This made it easier for me to deal with the world around me. As I grew up, things seemed more 1 , which made life more challenging. Now, middle-aged, I find my 2 of the world is returning to the simple. When I try to teach my daughter important 3 about life, I will 4 complicated things into small pieces. One of those basics is 5 , for yourself, and for others. I teach my daughter to 6 . To fail makes us feel bad, certainly, but not to have tried contributes to feeling 7 , because you can't respect yourself for it. And as the saying 8 , if you don't respect yourself, no one else will.
When I was seven or eight. I played at my cousin's house with his toys. His family was better off, and he had many more toys. There was one in particular that I'd always desired, and I 9 it into my pocket. But a moment later. I 10 , even at that age, that I would never enjoy playing with the toy. I would always know I had 11 , and my evaluation of myself would 12 .When his mother dropped me off later that day, I shamefacedly 13 out the toy and gave it back. She knew, I'm sure, what had happened, but she thanked me and never spoke of it again. I hope to help my daughter 14 similar mistakes. She first has to gain self-respect before she can start respecting others. I believe in respect, because without it we're all 15 . I'm far from perfect in this regard. But I try my best, and I respect others for trying their best in this changing world.
17、A. important B. embarrassed C. delicate D. complex
18、A. aim B. view C. experience D. expectation
19、A. basics B. lessons C. subjects D. choices
20、A. put down B. cut down C. break down D. turn down
21、A. passion B. faith C. respect D. desire
22、A. try B. accept C. compete D. forgive
23、A. cruel B. worse C. trapped D. motivated
24、A. runs B. goes C. witnesses D. follows
25、A. fetched B. arranged C. slipped D. fitted
26、A. doubted B. promised C. questioned D. sensed
27、A. lied B. stolen C. changed D. cheated
28、A. suffer B. improve C. fade D. spread
29、A. gave B. left C. pulled D. handed
30、A. admit B. avoid C. commit D. recognize
31、A. enemies B. participants C. coworkers D. candidatcs
四、语法填空
32、 Perhaps the finest nature writer of the Twentieth Century, Rachel Carson (1907-1964) ①_____(remember) more today as the woman who challenged the idea that humans could obtain mastery over nature by chemicals, bombs and space travel than for her studies of ocean life. ②_____(work) for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in Washington, DC, ③_____(primary) as a writer, she was always aware of the effect that humans had on the natural world. All her books were physical explanations of life, all ④_____(fill) with miracle of what happens to life in and near the sea.
Carson wrote about how islands were formed, how ⑤_____ change and merge(融合), how temperature affects sea life, ⑥_____(current) how erosion(侵蚀) affects not just shore lines but fish populations and tiny micro-organisms. But how, she wondered, would the educated public be kept informed of these challenges to life ⑦_____(it) In Silent Spring, she asked the hard questions about whether and why humans had the right to control nature; to decide who lives or ⑧_____(die), to poison or to destroy non-human life. In showing that all biological systems were dynamic and by urging the public ⑨_____(question) authority, to ask "Who speaks and why " Rachel Carson became a social revolutionary, and Silent Spring became the handbook for ⑩_____ future of all life on Earth.
五、书面表达
33、假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Michael知道中国人很重视家风传承,他在给你的电子邮件中提到想了解你的家风。请你给他回一封电子邮件,要点如下:
1.简单介绍你的家风;
2.家风给你带来的影响。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
3.词数80左右。
参考词汇:家风family spirit
Dear Michael,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
34、阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A brother and sister made their usual hurried pre-Christmas visit to the little farm, where lived their elderly parents with their small herd(群) of horses.
The young folks had fond memories of their childhood here. Everything was perfect except the aging old horse, 'The Old One'.
Doubtfully, the young folks asked the old couple, "Why do you not at least get rid of 'The Old One' "
The old man looked down at his worn boots, holes in the toes, and replied softly, "We keep her because of love. Nothing else, just love."
Worried and confused, the young folks wished the old couple a Merry Christmas and headed back toward the city as darkness stole through the valley.
The old couple shook their heads in sorrow. A tear fell upon their cheeks. How was it that these young folks did not understand the peace of the love that filled their hearts
Because of the unhappy leave-taking, no one noticed the first spark fall in the barn(马厩). None but the 'The Old One'.
In a matter of minutes, the barn was full of hungry flames. With a cry of horror and despair, the old couple sank sobbing to the ground, helpless. The barn was in ruins.
The old man turned to his wife, forcing a smile, "We have lost much. Let us gather strength and climb the hill to the old pine where we have sought comfort in times of despair and pray for our beloved 'The Old One'."
The journey up the hill was hard for their old bodies in the steep snow. As they got to the peak of the hill, the old man gave a cry of wonder and incredible joy. Amazed and puzzled, he took his wife by the hand and pulled her forward. There, beneath the pine tree was their Christmas gift—'The Old One' lay close to the trunk of the tree, with the entire herd.
Paragraph 1:
As it turned out, the moment 'The Old One' saw the smoke, she pushed the door and led the horses through it.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Spotting the old couple, 'The Old One' seemed to be happy.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：D
2、答案：D
3、答案：B
4、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。本文是一篇记叙文,节选自小说《简·爱》中的一个片段,主要讲述了Miss Eyre与Mr. Rochester之间的故事,开始时,Miss Eyre认为Mr. Rochester是善于交际的,繁忙的,多变的,不友好的,但一天晚上,Miss Eyre被邀请和Mr. Rochester聊天,Mr. Rochester对Miss Eyre讲述了自己的生活经历,并且讲了一番激励人心的,真诚的话。可知这篇文章想告诉我们罗切斯特先生试图与Eyre进行更多沟通。故选A。
5、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据前文"Sir, I'm sorry. I shouldn't have given an immediate answer to such a question about appearances; I should have said that beauty doesn't matter, or something like that."(先生,我很抱歉。我不应该立即回答这样一个关于外貌的问题;我应该说美丽并不重要,或者类似的话。}可知,作者针对自己前面脱口而出的关于Mr. Rochester外貌的话进行了道歉并做了进一步解释;再结合"I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stick a sly penknife under my ear!"(我明白了,你批评我的外表,还狡猾地在我耳朵下面捅刀子可知,Mr. Rochester认为作者再次补充的话是在捅刀子,可推断他对作者的这些话感到不愉快,觉得作者这些解释是不必要的。故选A项。
6、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Yes, you're right. I have plenty of faults. I went the wrong way when I was twenty-one, and have never found the right path again. I might have been as good as you, and perhaps wiser. I am not a bad man, take my word for it, but I have done wrong. It wasn't my character, but circumstances that were to blame."(是的,你说得对。我有很多缺点。我21岁时走错了路,从此再也没有找到正确的路。我也许和你一样好,也许更聪明。我不是坏人,相信我的话,可是我做了错事。这不是我的性格造成的,而是我所处的环境。及最后一段"But in time you will be more natural when you're with me, and laugh, and speak freely."(但是到时候你和我在一起的时候会更自然一些,谈笑自如)可知,Mr. Rochester告诉作者自己的经历,强调自己的性格是好的,是容易相处的,是为了改变作者对他最开始的看法。故选C项。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"You're like a bird in a cage. When you get out of the cage, you'll fly very high."(你就像笼中的小鸟。当你走出牢笼时,你会飞得很高。可知,Mr. Rochester认为作者释放自我的时候可以找到更好的自己,可推断他在鼓励作者。故选D项。
8、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段开头Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) recently announced that they have figured out how to engineer a biofilm that harvests the energy in evaporation and changes it to electricity.(马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校(UMass Amherst)的研究人员最近宣布,他们已经找到了如何设计一种生物膜,可以在蒸发过程中收集能量,并将其转化为电能。)可知,生物膜的预期功能是从蒸发中获取能量再转化为电能。故选C。
9、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中That's because this biofilm-which is a sheet of bacterial cells and as thin as a sheet of paper—is produced naturally by an engineered version of the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens. G. sulfurreducens is known to produce electricity and has been used previously in "microbial batteries" to power electrical equipment. But such batteries require that G. sulfurreducens be properly cared for and fed a constant diet. By contrast, this new biofilm, which can supply as much energy as a comparably sized battery, works continuously, because it is dead. And because it's dead, it doesn't need to be fed.(这是因为这种生物膜是一层细菌细胞,薄如一张纸,是由一种工程版本的硫还原地质杆菌自然产生的。众所周知,硫还原地质杆菌可以发电,以前曾用于“微生物电池”,为电气设备提供动力。但是这样的电池需要硫还原G.得到适当的照顾和持续的饮食。相比之下,这种新的生物膜可以提供与同等大小的电池一样多的能量,因为它是死的,所以它可以持续工作。因为它已经死了,所以不需要喂食。)可知,生物膜与微生物电池相比,其优势是不需要喂食,可以持久工作。所以更经济实惠。故选D。
10、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中Since the surface of our skin is constantly moist with sweat, the biofilm can "plug into" it and change the energy locked in evaporation into enough energy to power small equipment.(由于我们的皮肤表面不断被汗水浸湿,生物膜可以"插入"它,将锁定在蒸发中的能量转化为足够的能量来驱动小型设备。)可知,生物膜通过锁定水份蒸发,从而获得能量,为小型设备供电。故选A。
11、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了一种生物膜,可以在蒸发过程中收集能量,并将其转化为电能。并且其生产也是真正的绿色环保。所以这是一种非常富有前景的绿色能源。A.Promising有希望的,有前途的;B.Vulnerable脆弱的,易受伤的;C.Flexible灵活的;柔韧的;D.Practical切实有效的,切实可行的。故选A。
12、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.(他53岁了。他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸作斗争。战争受伤使他的左手停止了功能。他经常在监狱里。在上天的驱使下他决定写一本书。)可知,这篇文章从Cervantes的故事开始目的是表明年龄不是实现目标的障碍。故选B。
13、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.(事实上,我们中的大多数人逐渐缩小了我们生活的多样性。我们在专业领域取得了成功,然后陷入其中。没有什么让我们吃惊。我们失去了惊奇感。但是,如果我们愿意学习,机会无处不在。)可知,机会偏爱那些有好奇心的人,故选C。
14、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段We learn to bear with the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.(我们学会忍受无法改变的事情。我们学会避免自怜。我们了解到,无论我们多么努力地取悦他人,有些人永远不会爱上我们,一开始很麻烦,但最终会放松下来。)可知,作者打算在第五段中告诉我们一个人应该学会适当的生活方式。故选D。
15、答案：A
解析：写作目的题。根据第一段He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.(他53岁了。他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸作斗争。战争受伤使他的左手停止了功能。他经常在监狱里。在上天的驱使下他决定写一本书。)可知,本文作者的目的是为了指导我们过一个有意义的成年人生活。故选A。
16、答案：BGCEF
解析：①根据下文“there are several steps you can make on your path to this realization (但在实现这一目标的道路上,你可以采取几个步骤)”可知,此处表示转折,内容与实现潜能不是一件容易的任务有关,选项B“Though it will be no easy task.(尽管这不是一件容易的任务)”符合题意。故选B。
②根据本段主旨句“Determine your core values.(确定你的核心价值观。)”和上文“In order to realize your full potential, you must know and live according to your core values.(为了充分发挥自己的潜力,你必须了解自己的核心价值观,并按照自己的价值观生活。)”可知,选项出要说明核心价值观所起的作用,选项G“These are the things that shape how you view yourself, others, and the world around you.(这些价值观塑造了你如何看待自己、他人和你周围的世界。)”符合题意。These指的是values。故选G。
③根据下文“Once you have a good idea of your core values and what areas of your life could be, take some time to decide your true potential.(一旦你对自己的核心价值观和生活的方方面面有了很好的认识,花些时间来确定你真正的潜力。)”可知,此处是本段主旨句,内容与确定你真正的潜能有关,选项C“Decide what your true potential looks like.(决定你真正的潜能是什么样子。)”符合题意。故选C。
④根据上文“Be patient and kind to yourself”耐心点,善待自己。下文“More importantly, it will take self-compassion.(更重要的是,它需要自我同情。)”可知,此处讲实现你真正的潜能所需要的条件。选项E“Achieving your true potential will take time and effort.(实现你真正的潜能需要时间和努力。)”符合题意。与下文为并列关系。故选E。
⑤根据上文“If you don't feel like you're living up to your true potential, it could be because parts of your life are currently not up to your core values.(如果你觉得自己没有发挥出真正的潜能,那可能是因为你生活中的某些部分还没有达到你的核心价值观。)”可知,此处内容与上文是因果关系,选项F“So see whether these are areas in which you like to change.(所以看看这些是否是你想要改变的领域。)”符合题意。故选F。
17、答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.important 重要的;B.embarrassed尴尬的;C.delicate易碎的;D.complex复杂的。句意:随着我的长大,事情似平变得更加复杂。这计生活看起来具有挑战性。根据下文"which made life more challenging"可知,生活具有挑战性,因此事情似乎变得更加复杂。故选D。
18、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.aim目的;B.view观点;C.experience经历;D.expectation期待。句意:现在,中年了,我发现我的世界观正在回归简单。根据第一句"When I was young, my understanding of life was simple."可知,小时候,作者对生活的理解是简单的。这是作者的观点。再根据"of the world is returning to the simple."可知,中年了,我发现我的世界观正在回归简单。故选B。
19、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.basics基础识;B.lessons教训;C.subjects科目;D.choices选择。句意:当我试着教我女儿重要的生活基础知识时,我会把复杂的东西分解成小块。根据下句"One of those basics is 5 "可知,这里意思是我试着教我女儿重要的生活基础知口识。故选A。
20、答案：C
解析：考查固定短语及语境理解。A.put down放下;B.cut down削,砍伐;C.break down垮掉,分解;D.turn down关小,拒绝。句意:当我试图教我女儿重要的生活基础识时,我会把复杂的东西分解成小块。根据下文"complicated things into small pieces."可知,将复杂的东西分解成小块。break down into分解成,符合句意,故选C。
21、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.passion激情;B.faith信仰;C.respect尊重;D.desire欲望。句意:其中最基本的是尊重自己,尊重他人。根据下文"because you can't respect yourself for it."可知,这里意思是其中一个基本要素就是尊重。故选C。
22、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.try尝试;B.accept接受;C.compete竞争;D.forgive原谅。句意:我教我的女儿去尝试。根据下文"but not to have tried feels worse"可知,这里意思是我教我的女儿去尝试。故选A。
23、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.cruel残忍的;B.worse糟糕的;C.trapped被困的;D.motivated激励的。句意:当然,失败让人感觉很糟糕,但没有尝试让人感觉更糟,因为你无法为此尊重自己。根据上文"To fail makes us feel bad certainly but not to have tried contributes to feeling"可知,失败让人感觉很糟糕,但没有尝试让人感觉更糟。故选B。
24、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.runs跑,经营;B.goes走,去;C.witnesses目睹;D.follows跟随。句意:俗话说,如果你不尊重自己,没有人会尊重你。as the saying goes俗话说,该短语是固定短语,故选B。
25、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.fetched取来;B.arranged安排;C.slipped偷偷塞;D.fitted适用。句意:有一个是我一直特别想要的,我把它偷偷塞进了我的口袋。根据下文"it into my pocket."可知,我把它偷偷塞进了我的口袋。故选C。
26、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.doubted凝惑;B.promised许诺;C.questioned怀疑;D.sensed感觉。句意:但过了一会儿,我感觉到即使在那个年纪,我也不会永远喜欢玩这个玩具。根据下文"even at that age that I would never enjoy playing with the toy."可知,作者感觉到即使在那个年纪,自己也不会永远喜欢玩这个玩具。故选D。
27、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.lied撒谎;B.stolen偷窃;C.changed改变;D.cheated欺骗。句意:我将永远知道我偷了东西,我对自己的看法也会受损害。根据上文" 9 it into my pocket."可知,作者将玩具塞进了自己的口袋,这是偷窃。故选B。
28、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.suffer受损害;B.improve改善;C.fade褪色;D.spread传播。句意:我将永远知道我偷了东西,我对自己的看法也会受损害。根据上句"I would always know I had 11 "可知,我将永远知道我偷了东西,因此我对自己的看法也会受损害。故选A。
29、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.gave给;B.left离开;C.pulled拉;D.handed递送。句意:那天,他的妈妈送我回家后,我羞愧地把玩具拿了出来,怀给了他。根据下文"and gave it back"可知,这里意思是我羞愧地把玩具拿了出来。故选C。
30、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.admit承认;B.avoid避免;C.commit承诺;D.recognize 认出。句意:我希望能帮助我的女儿避免类似的错误。根据上段"She knew, I'm sure, what had happened, but she thanked me and never spoke of it again."可知,我确信他的妈妈知道发生了什么,但她感谢我从未提及此事。这保护了我的自尊。因此我也希望我的女儿避免类似的错误。故选B。
31、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.enemies敌人;B.participants参与者;C.coworkers同事;D.candidates候选人。句意:我相信尊重,因为没有尊重,我们都是敌人。根据上文"believe in respect, because without it we're all 15 "可知,我相信尊重,因为没有尊重,我们都是人。故选A。
32、答案：①is remembered②Working③primarily④filled⑤currents⑥and⑦itself⑧dies⑨to question⑩the
解析：①考查动词时态语态。句意:今天,Rachel Carson被人们记起,与其说是因为她对海洋生物的研究,倒不如说她对固有思想(人类通过化学,原子弹以及太空探索去征服世界)的挑战。根据today可知,本句要用一般现在时,由于remember与主语Rachel Carson是被动关系,因此要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is remembered。
②考查现在分词。句意:她在华盛顿特区的美国鱼类和野生动物管理局工作,主要是作为一名作家,她一直意识到人类对自然世界的影响。空格处是非谓语动词,与主语she是主动关系,要用现在分词作状语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Working。
③考查副词。句意:在华盛顿特区为U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service工作时,主要是作为作家,她当时总是意识到人类对自然的影响。空格处是状语,修饰介词短语,要用副词。故填primarily。
④考查过去分词。句意:她的所有的书都是按照自然法则去解释生命,充满了对在海洋里或者近海处生命的奇迹。空格处是非谓语动词的独立主格结构,fill有自己的逻辑主语all, be filled with为固定短语,空处需填过去分词作状语。故填filled。
⑤考查可数名词的复数。句意:卡森写了岛屿是如何形成的,洋流是如何变化和融合的,温度是如何影响海洋生物的,侵蚀不仅影响海岸线,还影响鱼类种群和微小的微生物。how引导的宾语从句缺少主语,current意为"洋流",是可数名词,此处表示泛指,且没有冠词限定,需填名词复数形式。故填currents。
⑥考查连词。句意:卡森写了岛屿是如何形成的,洋流是如何变化和融合的,温度是如何影响海洋生物的,侵蚀不仅影响海岸线,还影响鱼类种群和微小的微生物。本句中四个how都是并列关系,作介词about的宾语,因此要用并列连词。故填and。
⑦考查反身代词。句意:但是她感到困惑的是受到教育的人们能了解这些对生命本身的挑战吗 空格处强调life本身,因此要用反身代词。故填itself。
⑧考查时态。句意:她问到, "为什么人类有权力决定谁的生死,去投毒和毁灭非人类的生命 "根据"who lives or"可知空格处要用一般现在时。故填dies。
⑨考查动词不定式。句意:为了表明所有生物系统都是有活力的,她恳求公众去质问当局。根据"urge sb.to do sth(恳求某人去做某事)"可知空格处填不定式作宾补。故填to question。
⑩考查冠词。句意:Rachel Carson成为一名社会活动家,她的书Silent Spring成为关注世界上所有生命的手册。空格处特指将来,因此要用定冠词。故填the。
33、答案：
Dear Michael,
I'm glad to know that you are interested in Chinese culture. In your e-mail you said you wanted to know about my family spirit. Well, there are many good qualities that have been passed down from generation to generation in my family. My parents always stress the importance of honesty, bravery, perseverance and diligence and they have set good examples for me.
My family spirit has a great influence on me. I'm always friendly to others and ready to help others. I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. Owing to those good qualities, I have made great achievements in my study and life.
Yours,
Li Hua
34、答案：
As it turned out, the moment 'The Old One' saw the smoke, she pushed the door and led the horses through it. The hungry flames were around them, licking their lips and hopping like rabbits. So frightened were the horses that they dashed about aimlessly. After what seemed to be ages, 'The Old One' managed to calm them down. Slowly and with great dignity, she led them up the hill, stepping cautiously through the snow. As usual, she gathered the herd of horses under the old pine tree, where they often took a rest after eating grass.
Spotting the old couple, 'The Old One' seemed to be happy. She did not disappoint those she loved. Her body was weak, tired from the climb, but the golden eyes were filled with devotion as she offered her gift to the old couple. Seeing the unexpected "Christmas gift", the old couple couldn't help shouting their praise and joy....and again the peace of love filled their hearts. Tears flowing down, the old couple gently stroked 'The Old One', murmuring. "Because of love. Only because of love.
解析：
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Employment Opportunity at Casals School of Excellence
Title: Teacher Assistant
Essential Functions:
●Help with the care of students during lunchtime and playground activities.
●Assist students in completing classroom assignments and collecting and grading examination materials.
●Assist teachers in preparing noticeboards and displaying students' work in classrooms.
●Maintain the careful and neat arrangement of classrooms and perform security functions within the school
●Check up on students to make sure they follow class rules.
●Greet and direct visitors to appropriate areas of the school.
●Consult with teachers about concerns of individual students.
Minimum Qualifications:
●Training and pletion of an Associate's degree from a college or university recognized the North Central Association, or successful completion of a teacher assistant training program approve by the state of Illinois. Knowledge, abilities, and skill. Good knowledge of English grammar and spelling and basic knowledge of mathematics and Chicago Public Schools rules. Ability to work with school-age children, to follow instructions, and to use printers, copy machines, telephone systems and other necessary devices in teachers' office. Good reading and communication skills; skill in operating audio-visual(视听的) equipment and computers is highly desirable.
About us
Casals School of Excellence opened in 1989 and in 2012 Chicago Public Schools turned over the management of Casals School of Excellence to AUSL. The nonprofit creates schools of excellence by developing highly effective teachers and transforming educational outcomes for students in the lowest- performing schools. Now our vision is to create a multicultural community that will prepare and educate students to be self-motivated, independent and lifelong learners.
1、What is the teacher assistant asked to do
A. Record the progress of students. B. Arrange visits to the school.
C. Keep the school in good order. D. Help with classroom tasks.
2、Which of the following is a must for an applicant to get the job
A. Having remarkable computer skills
B. Knowing all subjects taught in school
C. Finishing a teacher assistant training program.
D. Operating basic office equipment
3、What might AUSL be
A. A government institution. B. A school management organization
C. A public school. D.A human resources department.
For several days I (Jane Eyrc) saw little of Mr. Rochester. One evening, I was invited to talk to him after dinner. There was a smile on his lips, and his eyes were shining brightly. As I was looking at him, he suddenly turned around and asked me, "Do you think I'm handsome, Miss Eyre "
The answer somehow slipped from my tongue before I realized it: "No, sir."
"Ah, you are really unusual! You look like a quiet, serious little person, but you can be almost rude."
"Sir, I'm sorry. I shouldn't have given an immediate answer to such a question about appearances; I should have said that beauty doesn't matter, or something like that."
"No, you shouldn't! I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stick a sly penknife under my ear! You have honesty and feeling. There are not many girls like you. Perhaps you have awful faults to counterbalance(抵消) your few good points."
I thought to myself that he might have too. He seemed to read my mind, and said quickly, "Yes, you're right. I have plenty of faults. I went the wrong way when I was twenty-one, and have never found the right path again. I might have been as good as you, and perhaps wiser. I am not a bad man, take my word for it, but I have done wrong. It wasn't my character, but circumstances that were to blame. Why do I tell you all this Because you're the sort of person people tell their problems and secrets to, because you're sympathetic and you give them hope."
"Don't be afraid of me, Miss Eyre," he continued." You don't relax or laugh very much, perhaps because of the effect Lowood has had on you. But in time you will be more natural when you're with me, and laugh, and speak freely. You're like a bird in a cage. When you get out of the cage, you'll fly very high. Good night."
4、The passage wants to tell us that _____.
A. Mr. Rochester tries to communicate more with Mr Eyre
B. Mr. Rochester is a man who has bad temper
C. Miss Eyre is critical of Mr. Rochester
D. Miss Eyre appreciates Mr. Rochester very much
5、Why did Mr. Rochester say "and then you stick a sly penknife under my ear" in paragraph 5
A. Because Jane had offered some unnecessary explanations.
B. Because Jane had intended to be more critical of Mr. Rochester.
C. Because Jane had regretted having talked to him.
D. Because Jane had intended to kill him with a knife.
6、From what Mr. Rochester told Miss Eyre, we can conclude that he wanted to ______.
A. tell her all his troubles B. tell her his life experience
C. change her opinion of him D. change his circumstances
7、Mr. Rochester sounded _____ at the end of the passage.
A. rude B. cold C. friendly D. encouraging
Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) recently announced that they have figured out how to engineer a biofilm(生物膜) that harvests the energy in evaporation(蒸发) and changes it to electricity. This biofilm, which was announced in Nature Communications, has the potential to revolutionize the world of wearable electronics, powering everything from personal medical sensors to personal electronics.
'This is a very exciting technology,' says Liu Xiaomeng, graduate student in electrical and computer engineering in UMass Amherst's College of Engineering and the paper's lead author. "It generates real green energy, and unlike other so-called 'green-energy sources', its production is totally green."
That's because this biofilm-which is a sheet of bacterial cells and as thin as a sheet of paper—is produced naturally by an engineered version of the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens. G. sulfurreducens is known to produce electricity and has been used previously in "microbial batteries" to power electrical equipment. But such batteries require that G. sulfurreducens be properly cared for and fed a constant diet. By contrast, this new biofilm, which can supply as much energy as a comparably sized battery, works continuously, because it is dead. And because it's dead, it doesn't need to be fed.
The secret behind this new biofilm is that it makes energy from the moisture(水分) on your skin. Though we daily read stories about solar power, at least 50% of the solar energy reaching the earth goes toward evaporating water. "This is a huge, undiscovered source of energy," says Yao Jun, professor of electrical and computer engineering at UMass Amherst, and the paper's one senior author. Since the surface of our skin is constantly moist with sweat, the biofilm can "plug into" it and change the energy locked in evaporation into enough energy to power small equipment. "Our next step is to increase the size of our film to power more intelligent wearable electronics," says Yao, and Liu points out that one of the goals is to power entire electronic systems, rather than single equipment.
8、What function is the biofilm expected to achieve
A. Updating wearable electronics B. Changing the way of getting electricity
C. Acquiring power from evaporation D. Supplying energy to microbial batteries
9、What is the advantage of the biofilm compared with microbial batteries
A. It's thinner in thickness B. It's environmentally friendly
C. It requires a constant diet D. It is more economical in usage
10、How does the biofilm power small devices
A. By producing continuous electricity from sweat
B. By gaining energy from electronic systems
C. By using water to generate electricity
D. By interacting with solar power
11、Which of the following can NOT describes the biofilm
A. Promising. B. Vulnerable. C.Flexible. D. Practical
Would you BET on the future of this man He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote(《堂吉诃德》). And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before
We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark. I'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can't all get there. I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我), whether to loved ones, to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept.
Many of us equate(视……等同于) “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck, or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are. They've learned life's most valuablelesson.
12、The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that ____.
A. loss of freedom stimulates one's creativity
B. age is not a barrier to achieving one's goal
C. misery inspires a man to fight against his fate
D. disability cannot stop a man's pursuit of success
13、What could be inferred from Paragraph 4
A. Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.
B. Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
C. Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.
D. Opportunity awaits those with a cautious mind.
14、What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5
A. A tough man can tolerate suffering.
B. A wise man can live without self-pity.
C. A man should try to satisfy people around him.
D. A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.
15、What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A. To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B. To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C. To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D. To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.
二、七选五
16、How to Realize Your True Potential
Every human being, regardless of race, sex, or any other characteristic, has the incredible capacity to realize their potential. ①______, there are several steps you can make on your path to this realization.
Determine your core values. In order to realize your full potential, you must know and live according to your core values. ②______ Studies suggest that you will find your life more meaningful, and feel a deeper sense of happiness, if you live a life that is in line with what's the most important to you.
③______ Once you have a good idea of your core values and what areas of your life could be, take some time to decide your true potential. Is it personal improvement More success in your career
Be patient and kind to yourself ④______ More importantly, it will take self-compassion. Acknowledge your strengths and skills as well as the areas in which you need to grow. Honor the efforts you make each day toward realizing your true potential.
Find areas that do not agree with your values. If you don't feel like you're living up to your true potential, it could be because parts of your life are currently not up to your core values. ⑤______
A. If you take it for granted
B. Though it will be no easy task
C. Decide what your true potential looks like.
D. Determine whether you have set up your final goals.
E. Achieving your true potential will take time and effort.
F. So see whether these are areas in which you like to change.
G. These are the things that shape how you view yourself, others, and the world around you.
三、完形填空（15空）
When I was young, my understanding of life was simple. This made it easier for me to deal with the world around me. As I grew up, things seemed more 1 , which made life more challenging. Now, middle-aged, I find my 2 of the world is returning to the simple. When I try to teach my daughter important 3 about life, I will 4 complicated things into small pieces. One of those basics is 5 , for yourself, and for others. I teach my daughter to 6 . To fail makes us feel bad, certainly, but not to have tried contributes to feeling 7 , because you can't respect yourself for it. And as the saying 8 , if you don't respect yourself, no one else will.
When I was seven or eight. I played at my cousin's house with his toys. His family was better off, and he had many more toys. There was one in particular that I'd always desired, and I 9 it into my pocket. But a moment later. I 10 , even at that age, that I would never enjoy playing with the toy. I would always know I had 11 , and my evaluation of myself would 12 .When his mother dropped me off later that day, I shamefacedly 13 out the toy and gave it back. She knew, I'm sure, what had happened, but she thanked me and never spoke of it again. I hope to help my daughter 14 similar mistakes. She first has to gain self-respect before she can start respecting others. I believe in respect, because without it we're all 15 . I'm far from perfect in this regard. But I try my best, and I respect others for trying their best in this changing world.
17、A. important B. embarrassed C. delicate D. complex
18、A. aim B. view C. experience D. expectation
19、A. basics B. lessons C. subjects D. choices
20、A. put down B. cut down C. break down D. turn down
21、A. passion B. faith C. respect D. desire
22、A. try B. accept C. compete D. forgive
23、A. cruel B. worse C. trapped D. motivated
24、A. runs B. goes C. witnesses D. follows
25、A. fetched B. arranged C. slipped D. fitted
26、A. doubted B. promised C. questioned D. sensed
27、A. lied B. stolen C. changed D. cheated
28、A. suffer B. improve C. fade D. spread
29、A. gave B. left C. pulled D. handed
30、A. admit B. avoid C. commit D. recognize
31、A. enemies B. participants C. coworkers D. candidatcs
四、语法填空
32、 Perhaps the finest nature writer of the Twentieth Century, Rachel Carson (1907-1964) ①_____(remember) more today as the woman who challenged the idea that humans could obtain mastery over nature by chemicals, bombs and space travel than for her studies of ocean life. ②_____(work) for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in Washington, DC, ③_____(primary) as a writer, she was always aware of the effect that humans had on the natural world. All her books were physical explanations of life, all ④_____(fill) with miracle of what happens to life in and near the sea.
Carson wrote about how islands were formed, how ⑤_____ change and merge(融合), how temperature affects sea life, ⑥_____(current) how erosion(侵蚀) affects not just shore lines but fish populations and tiny micro-organisms. But how, she wondered, would the educated public be kept informed of these challenges to life ⑦_____(it) In Silent Spring, she asked the hard questions about whether and why humans had the right to control nature; to decide who lives or ⑧_____(die), to poison or to destroy non-human life. In showing that all biological systems were dynamic and by urging the public ⑨_____(question) authority, to ask "Who speaks and why " Rachel Carson became a social revolutionary, and Silent Spring became the handbook for ⑩_____ future of all life on Earth.
五、书面表达
33、假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Michael知道中国人很重视家风传承,他在给你的电子邮件中提到想了解你的家风。请你给他回一封电子邮件,要点如下:
1.简单介绍你的家风;
2.家风给你带来的影响。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
3.词数80左右。
参考词汇:家风family spirit
Dear Michael,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
34、阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A brother and sister made their usual hurried pre-Christmas visit to the little farm, where lived their elderly parents with their small herd(群) of horses.
The young folks had fond memories of their childhood here. Everything was perfect except the aging old horse, 'The Old One'.
Doubtfully, the young folks asked the old couple, "Why do you not at least get rid of 'The Old One' "
The old man looked down at his worn boots, holes in the toes, and replied softly, "We keep her because of love. Nothing else, just love."
Worried and confused, the young folks wished the old couple a Merry Christmas and headed back toward the city as darkness stole through the valley.
The old couple shook their heads in sorrow. A tear fell upon their cheeks. How was it that these young folks did not understand the peace of the love that filled their hearts
Because of the unhappy leave-taking, no one noticed the first spark fall in the barn(马厩). None but the 'The Old One'.
In a matter of minutes, the barn was full of hungry flames. With a cry of horror and despair, the old couple sank sobbing to the ground, helpless. The barn was in ruins.
The old man turned to his wife, forcing a smile, "We have lost much. Let us gather strength and climb the hill to the old pine where we have sought comfort in times of despair and pray for our beloved 'The Old One'."
The journey up the hill was hard for their old bodies in the steep snow. As they got to the peak of the hill, the old man gave a cry of wonder and incredible joy. Amazed and puzzled, he took his wife by the hand and pulled her forward. There, beneath the pine tree was their Christmas gift—'The Old One' lay close to the trunk of the tree, with the entire herd.
Paragraph 1:
As it turned out, the moment 'The Old One' saw the smoke, she pushed the door and led the horses through it.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Spotting the old couple, 'The Old One' seemed to be happy.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：D
2、答案：D
3、答案：B
4、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。本文是一篇记叙文,节选自小说《简·爱》中的一个片段,主要讲述了Miss Eyre与Mr. Rochester之间的故事,开始时,Miss Eyre认为Mr. Rochester是善于交际的,繁忙的,多变的,不友好的,但一天晚上,Miss Eyre被邀请和Mr. Rochester聊天,Mr. Rochester对Miss Eyre讲述了自己的生活经历,并且讲了一番激励人心的,真诚的话。可知这篇文章想告诉我们罗切斯特先生试图与Eyre进行更多沟通。故选A。
5、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据前文"Sir, I'm sorry. I shouldn't have given an immediate answer to such a question about appearances; I should have said that beauty doesn't matter, or something like that."(先生,我很抱歉。我不应该立即回答这样一个关于外貌的问题;我应该说美丽并不重要,或者类似的话。}可知,作者针对自己前面脱口而出的关于Mr. Rochester外貌的话进行了道歉并做了进一步解释;再结合"I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stick a sly penknife under my ear!"(我明白了,你批评我的外表,还狡猾地在我耳朵下面捅刀子可知,Mr. Rochester认为作者再次补充的话是在捅刀子,可推断他对作者的这些话感到不愉快,觉得作者这些解释是不必要的。故选A项。
6、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Yes, you're right. I have plenty of faults. I went the wrong way when I was twenty-one, and have never found the right path again. I might have been as good as you, and perhaps wiser. I am not a bad man, take my word for it, but I have done wrong. It wasn't my character, but circumstances that were to blame."(是的,你说得对。我有很多缺点。我21岁时走错了路,从此再也没有找到正确的路。我也许和你一样好,也许更聪明。我不是坏人,相信我的话,可是我做了错事。这不是我的性格造成的,而是我所处的环境。及最后一段"But in time you will be more natural when you're with me, and laugh, and speak freely."(但是到时候你和我在一起的时候会更自然一些,谈笑自如)可知,Mr. Rochester告诉作者自己的经历,强调自己的性格是好的,是容易相处的,是为了改变作者对他最开始的看法。故选C项。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"You're like a bird in a cage. When you get out of the cage, you'll fly very high."(你就像笼中的小鸟。当你走出牢笼时,你会飞得很高。可知,Mr. Rochester认为作者释放自我的时候可以找到更好的自己,可推断他在鼓励作者。故选D项。
8、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段开头Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) recently announced that they have figured out how to engineer a biofilm that harvests the energy in evaporation and changes it to electricity.(马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校(UMass Amherst)的研究人员最近宣布,他们已经找到了如何设计一种生物膜,可以在蒸发过程中收集能量,并将其转化为电能。)可知,生物膜的预期功能是从蒸发中获取能量再转化为电能。故选C。
9、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中That's because this biofilm-which is a sheet of bacterial cells and as thin as a sheet of paper—is produced naturally by an engineered version of the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens. G. sulfurreducens is known to produce electricity and has been used previously in "microbial batteries" to power electrical equipment. But such batteries require that G. sulfurreducens be properly cared for and fed a constant diet. By contrast, this new biofilm, which can supply as much energy as a comparably sized battery, works continuously, because it is dead. And because it's dead, it doesn't need to be fed.(这是因为这种生物膜是一层细菌细胞,薄如一张纸,是由一种工程版本的硫还原地质杆菌自然产生的。众所周知,硫还原地质杆菌可以发电,以前曾用于“微生物电池”,为电气设备提供动力。但是这样的电池需要硫还原G.得到适当的照顾和持续的饮食。相比之下,这种新的生物膜可以提供与同等大小的电池一样多的能量,因为它是死的,所以它可以持续工作。因为它已经死了,所以不需要喂食。)可知,生物膜与微生物电池相比,其优势是不需要喂食,可以持久工作。所以更经济实惠。故选D。
10、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中Since the surface of our skin is constantly moist with sweat, the biofilm can "plug into" it and change the energy locked in evaporation into enough energy to power small equipment.(由于我们的皮肤表面不断被汗水浸湿,生物膜可以"插入"它,将锁定在蒸发中的能量转化为足够的能量来驱动小型设备。)可知,生物膜通过锁定水份蒸发,从而获得能量,为小型设备供电。故选A。
11、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了一种生物膜,可以在蒸发过程中收集能量,并将其转化为电能。并且其生产也是真正的绿色环保。所以这是一种非常富有前景的绿色能源。A.Promising有希望的,有前途的;B.Vulnerable脆弱的,易受伤的;C.Flexible灵活的;柔韧的;D.Practical切实有效的,切实可行的。故选A。
12、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.(他53岁了。他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸作斗争。战争受伤使他的左手停止了功能。他经常在监狱里。在上天的驱使下他决定写一本书。)可知,这篇文章从Cervantes的故事开始目的是表明年龄不是实现目标的障碍。故选B。
13、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.(事实上,我们中的大多数人逐渐缩小了我们生活的多样性。我们在专业领域取得了成功,然后陷入其中。没有什么让我们吃惊。我们失去了惊奇感。但是,如果我们愿意学习,机会无处不在。)可知,机会偏爱那些有好奇心的人,故选C。
14、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段We learn to bear with the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.(我们学会忍受无法改变的事情。我们学会避免自怜。我们了解到,无论我们多么努力地取悦他人,有些人永远不会爱上我们,一开始很麻烦,但最终会放松下来。)可知,作者打算在第五段中告诉我们一个人应该学会适当的生活方式。故选D。
15、答案：A
解析：写作目的题。根据第一段He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.(他53岁了。他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸作斗争。战争受伤使他的左手停止了功能。他经常在监狱里。在上天的驱使下他决定写一本书。)可知,本文作者的目的是为了指导我们过一个有意义的成年人生活。故选A。
16、答案：BGCEF
解析：①根据下文“there are several steps you can make on your path to this realization (但在实现这一目标的道路上,你可以采取几个步骤)”可知,此处表示转折,内容与实现潜能不是一件容易的任务有关,选项B“Though it will be no easy task.(尽管这不是一件容易的任务)”符合题意。故选B。
②根据本段主旨句“Determine your core values.(确定你的核心价值观。)”和上文“In order to realize your full potential, you must know and live according to your core values.(为了充分发挥自己的潜力,你必须了解自己的核心价值观,并按照自己的价值观生活。)”可知,选项出要说明核心价值观所起的作用,选项G“These are the things that shape how you view yourself, others, and the world around you.(这些价值观塑造了你如何看待自己、他人和你周围的世界。)”符合题意。These指的是values。故选G。
③根据下文“Once you have a good idea of your core values and what areas of your life could be, take some time to decide your true potential.(一旦你对自己的核心价值观和生活的方方面面有了很好的认识,花些时间来确定你真正的潜力。)”可知,此处是本段主旨句,内容与确定你真正的潜能有关,选项C“Decide what your true potential looks like.(决定你真正的潜能是什么样子。)”符合题意。故选C。
④根据上文“Be patient and kind to yourself”耐心点,善待自己。下文“More importantly, it will take self-compassion.(更重要的是,它需要自我同情。)”可知,此处讲实现你真正的潜能所需要的条件。选项E“Achieving your true potential will take time and effort.(实现你真正的潜能需要时间和努力。)”符合题意。与下文为并列关系。故选E。
⑤根据上文“If you don't feel like you're living up to your true potential, it could be because parts of your life are currently not up to your core values.(如果你觉得自己没有发挥出真正的潜能,那可能是因为你生活中的某些部分还没有达到你的核心价值观。)”可知,此处内容与上文是因果关系,选项F“So see whether these are areas in which you like to change.(所以看看这些是否是你想要改变的领域。)”符合题意。故选F。
17、答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.important 重要的;B.embarrassed尴尬的;C.delicate易碎的;D.complex复杂的。句意:随着我的长大,事情似平变得更加复杂。这计生活看起来具有挑战性。根据下文"which made life more challenging"可知,生活具有挑战性,因此事情似乎变得更加复杂。故选D。
18、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.aim目的;B.view观点;C.experience经历;D.expectation期待。句意:现在,中年了,我发现我的世界观正在回归简单。根据第一句"When I was young, my understanding of life was simple."可知,小时候,作者对生活的理解是简单的。这是作者的观点。再根据"of the world is returning to the simple."可知,中年了,我发现我的世界观正在回归简单。故选B。
19、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.basics基础识;B.lessons教训;C.subjects科目;D.choices选择。句意:当我试着教我女儿重要的生活基础知识时,我会把复杂的东西分解成小块。根据下句"One of those basics is 5 "可知,这里意思是我试着教我女儿重要的生活基础知口识。故选A。
20、答案：C
解析：考查固定短语及语境理解。A.put down放下;B.cut down削,砍伐;C.break down垮掉,分解;D.turn down关小,拒绝。句意:当我试图教我女儿重要的生活基础识时,我会把复杂的东西分解成小块。根据下文"complicated things into small pieces."可知,将复杂的东西分解成小块。break down into分解成,符合句意,故选C。
21、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.passion激情;B.faith信仰;C.respect尊重;D.desire欲望。句意:其中最基本的是尊重自己,尊重他人。根据下文"because you can't respect yourself for it."可知,这里意思是其中一个基本要素就是尊重。故选C。
22、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.try尝试;B.accept接受;C.compete竞争;D.forgive原谅。句意:我教我的女儿去尝试。根据下文"but not to have tried feels worse"可知,这里意思是我教我的女儿去尝试。故选A。
23、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.cruel残忍的;B.worse糟糕的;C.trapped被困的;D.motivated激励的。句意:当然,失败让人感觉很糟糕,但没有尝试让人感觉更糟,因为你无法为此尊重自己。根据上文"To fail makes us feel bad certainly but not to have tried contributes to feeling"可知,失败让人感觉很糟糕,但没有尝试让人感觉更糟。故选B。
24、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.runs跑,经营;B.goes走,去;C.witnesses目睹;D.follows跟随。句意:俗话说,如果你不尊重自己,没有人会尊重你。as the saying goes俗话说,该短语是固定短语,故选B。
25、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.fetched取来;B.arranged安排;C.slipped偷偷塞;D.fitted适用。句意:有一个是我一直特别想要的,我把它偷偷塞进了我的口袋。根据下文"it into my pocket."可知,我把它偷偷塞进了我的口袋。故选C。
26、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.doubted凝惑;B.promised许诺;C.questioned怀疑;D.sensed感觉。句意:但过了一会儿,我感觉到即使在那个年纪,我也不会永远喜欢玩这个玩具。根据下文"even at that age that I would never enjoy playing with the toy."可知,作者感觉到即使在那个年纪,自己也不会永远喜欢玩这个玩具。故选D。
27、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.lied撒谎;B.stolen偷窃;C.changed改变;D.cheated欺骗。句意:我将永远知道我偷了东西,我对自己的看法也会受损害。根据上文" 9 it into my pocket."可知,作者将玩具塞进了自己的口袋,这是偷窃。故选B。
28、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.suffer受损害;B.improve改善;C.fade褪色;D.spread传播。句意:我将永远知道我偷了东西,我对自己的看法也会受损害。根据上句"I would always know I had 11 "可知,我将永远知道我偷了东西,因此我对自己的看法也会受损害。故选A。
29、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.gave给;B.left离开;C.pulled拉;D.handed递送。句意:那天,他的妈妈送我回家后,我羞愧地把玩具拿了出来,怀给了他。根据下文"and gave it back"可知,这里意思是我羞愧地把玩具拿了出来。故选C。
30、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.admit承认;B.avoid避免;C.commit承诺;D.recognize 认出。句意:我希望能帮助我的女儿避免类似的错误。根据上段"She knew, I'm sure, what had happened, but she thanked me and never spoke of it again."可知,我确信他的妈妈知道发生了什么,但她感谢我从未提及此事。这保护了我的自尊。因此我也希望我的女儿避免类似的错误。故选B。
31、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.enemies敌人;B.participants参与者;C.coworkers同事;D.candidates候选人。句意:我相信尊重,因为没有尊重,我们都是敌人。根据上文"believe in respect, because without it we're all 15 "可知,我相信尊重,因为没有尊重,我们都是人。故选A。
32、答案：①is remembered②Working③primarily④filled⑤currents⑥and⑦itself⑧dies⑨to question⑩the
解析：①考查动词时态语态。句意:今天,Rachel Carson被人们记起,与其说是因为她对海洋生物的研究,倒不如说她对固有思想(人类通过化学,原子弹以及太空探索去征服世界)的挑战。根据today可知,本句要用一般现在时,由于remember与主语Rachel Carson是被动关系,因此要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is remembered。
②考查现在分词。句意:她在华盛顿特区的美国鱼类和野生动物管理局工作,主要是作为一名作家,她一直意识到人类对自然世界的影响。空格处是非谓语动词,与主语she是主动关系,要用现在分词作状语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Working。
③考查副词。句意:在华盛顿特区为U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service工作时,主要是作为作家,她当时总是意识到人类对自然的影响。空格处是状语,修饰介词短语,要用副词。故填primarily。
④考查过去分词。句意:她的所有的书都是按照自然法则去解释生命,充满了对在海洋里或者近海处生命的奇迹。空格处是非谓语动词的独立主格结构,fill有自己的逻辑主语all, be filled with为固定短语,空处需填过去分词作状语。故填filled。
⑤考查可数名词的复数。句意:卡森写了岛屿是如何形成的,洋流是如何变化和融合的,温度是如何影响海洋生物的,侵蚀不仅影响海岸线,还影响鱼类种群和微小的微生物。how引导的宾语从句缺少主语,current意为"洋流",是可数名词,此处表示泛指,且没有冠词限定,需填名词复数形式。故填currents。
⑥考查连词。句意:卡森写了岛屿是如何形成的,洋流是如何变化和融合的,温度是如何影响海洋生物的,侵蚀不仅影响海岸线,还影响鱼类种群和微小的微生物。本句中四个how都是并列关系,作介词about的宾语,因此要用并列连词。故填and。
⑦考查反身代词。句意:但是她感到困惑的是受到教育的人们能了解这些对生命本身的挑战吗 空格处强调life本身,因此要用反身代词。故填itself。
⑧考查时态。句意:她问到, "为什么人类有权力决定谁的生死,去投毒和毁灭非人类的生命 "根据"who lives or"可知空格处要用一般现在时。故填dies。
⑨考查动词不定式。句意:为了表明所有生物系统都是有活力的,她恳求公众去质问当局。根据"urge sb.to do sth(恳求某人去做某事)"可知空格处填不定式作宾补。故填to question。
⑩考查冠词。句意:Rachel Carson成为一名社会活动家,她的书Silent Spring成为关注世界上所有生命的手册。空格处特指将来,因此要用定冠词。故填the。
33、答案：
Dear Michael,
I'm glad to know that you are interested in Chinese culture. In your e-mail you said you wanted to know about my family spirit. Well, there are many good qualities that have been passed down from generation to generation in my family. My parents always stress the importance of honesty, bravery, perseverance and diligence and they have set good examples for me.
My family spirit has a great influence on me. I'm always friendly to others and ready to help others. I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. Owing to those good qualities, I have made great achievements in my study and life.
Yours,
Li Hua
34、答案：
As it turned out, the moment 'The Old One' saw the smoke, she pushed the door and led the horses through it. The hungry flames were around them, licking their lips and hopping like rabbits. So frightened were the horses that they dashed about aimlessly. After what seemed to be ages, 'The Old One' managed to calm them down. Slowly and with great dignity, she led them up the hill, stepping cautiously through the snow. As usual, she gathered the herd of horses under the old pine tree, where they often took a rest after eating grass.
Spotting the old couple, 'The Old One' seemed to be happy. She did not disappoint those she loved. Her body was weak, tired from the climb, but the golden eyes were filled with devotion as she offered her gift to the old couple. Seeing the unexpected "Christmas gift", the old couple couldn't help shouting their praise and joy....and again the peace of love filled their hearts. Tears flowing down, the old couple gently stroked 'The Old One', murmuring. "Because of love. Only because of love.
解析：
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