外研版 必修四 Module 4 Great Scientists知识点课件(共57张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 外研版 必修四 Module 4 Great Scientists知识点课件(共57张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.7MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-29 12:43:33 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共57张PPT)
背词条用法 (1)support sb.in sth. 在某方面支持某人
support a (one's) family/oneself 养家糊口/自力更生
(2)come to one's support 来支持某人
with one's support＝with the support of sb. 在某人的支持下
in support of＝in favor of 支持；拥护
背写作佳句 ①He's looking for a new job, one where he can get more money to support his family.
他正在寻找一份新工作，一份能赚到更多钱以养家糊口的工作。
②Some experts have spoken in support of the ban of drunk driving.
一些专家说支持禁止酒后驾车。
背词条用法 (1)escape (doing) sth. 逃脱/逃避(做)某事
escape from/out of ... 从……逃跑/逃走
escape sb./one's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意/被某人遗忘
(2)a narrow escape 死里逃生；幸免于难
背写作佳句 ①He escaped being killed in the explosion because he had not gone to work.
他没有在爆炸中丧生，因为他没有去工作。
②To their relief, their students narrowly escaped from the shaking building.
令他们宽慰的是，他们的学生侥幸从摇动的大楼中逃脱出来。
背相关短语 make a living ＝ earn one's living 谋生
earn one's own living 自食其力
earn extra money/a fortune 挣取额外收入/挣大钱
背写作佳句 ①I'm trying to persuade him to give up the attempt to earn his living/make a living by writing.
我尽力劝说他放弃通过写作谋生的想法。
②Since his parents died early, he had to earn his own living when he was a teenager.
由于父母早逝，他十几岁时不得不自食其力。
背相关短语 in power 当权；掌权
beyond one's power 不能胜任；超过了某人的能力
within/in one‘s power 有能力；力所能及
背写作佳句 ①I will do everything in/within my power to help you.
我将尽我所能帮助你。
②Not that John doesn't want to help you, but that it's beyond his power.
并不是约翰不想帮你，而是那件事超越了他的能力。
3．escape v．逃跑；逃避；逃脱；避开；(气体、液体等)泄漏；被忘掉 n．逃脱；逃避；解脱
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2020·天津7月高考·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：对社会有突出贡献的人物
After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance：curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why Why？Why？”
Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them.
“The great man，” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his child's heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven't any special ability Most people don't; there are only a few geniuses. You haven't any time That's good, because it's always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking. You're too old Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
?好题不厌百回做，每做一次都有新发现
1．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to_________ .
A．propose a definition
B．make a comparison
C．reach a conclusion
D．present an argument
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了决定一个人能否有杰出成就的两种品质：好奇心和不满足。作者通过摆事实、讲道理等来论证自己的观点，并介绍了如何重获好奇心和不满足。
解析：写作意图题。作者在第一段提出观点“通过观察发现：有杰出成就的人都同时具有两种品质：好奇心和不满足”，下文围绕该观点展开，作者通过讲事实、摆道理等来论证自己的观点，所以作者写第一段是为了提出论点。
答案：D
2．What does the example of Galileo tell us
A．Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.
B．Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.
C．Creativity results from challenging authority.
D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，好奇心和不满足是取得成就的内驱力，比雄心抱负重要得多，像伽利略一样，历史上所有的杰出的名人都有好奇心，并不满足地追寻原因，由此可知，作者举伽利略的例子是为了告诉我们伟大(的成就)来源于持久的探索欲望。故选择D项。
答案：D
3．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent
A．Observe the unknown around you.
B．Develop a questioning mind.
C．Lead a life of adventure.
D．Follow the fashion.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，我们中大部分人失去了童心，不再问问题，不再挑战习俗，只是随大流。从相反的角度讲，我们要重新获得好奇心和不满足就应该培养一个提问的思想。所以选择B项。
答案：B
4．What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7
A．Gaining success helps you become an expert.
B．The genius tends to get things done creatively.
C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection.
解析：推理判断题。根据第七段中的“You haven't any special ability ...who get things done.”可知，作者针对缺乏特殊才能、无时间的理由一一反驳，由此可知，缺乏天赋和时间不能成为不行动的理由。故选择C项。
答案：C
5．What could be the best title for the passage
A．Curious Minds Never Feel Contented
B．Reflections on Human Nature
C．The Keys to Achievement
D．Never Too Late to Learn
解析：标题归纳题。作者在第一段提出观点“人的好奇心和不满足是取得成就的必备品质”，下文围绕该观点展开讨论，作者通过摆事实、讲道理等来论证自己的观点，并介绍了如何重获好奇心和不满足。所以C项“成就的秘诀”为本文最佳标题。
答案：C
?文本精读固基础，高考强调基础扎实
(一)由文本积阅读词汇
1．discontent n． ______________
2．outstanding adj. _______________
3．recapture v. _______________________
4．restful adj. ___________________
5．modestly adv. ________________
6．genius n. ______
7．alive adj. __________________________
不满；不满足
杰出的；优秀的
夺回；再次捕获；再体验
宁静的；让人放松的
谨慎地；适当地
天才
活着的；有活力的；有生气的
E
C
B
A
(三)由文本积主题词块
1．make the difference __________________________
2．vary from ... to _________________
3．be born with __________
4．follow the crowd ________
5．leap into ______________________
6．with hesitation __________
7．waken our curiosity __________________
有影响； 起作用；大不相同
从……到……不等
与生俱来
随大流
跳入；跳进；突然进入
犹豫不决
唤醒我们的好奇心
(四)用文本词汇替换蓝体词汇
1．Cheaper housing would vastly improve the living standards of ordinary ( ) people.
2．They persuaded ( ) parliament to approve plans for their reform programme.
3．Jeff is an excellent ( ) boxer and will probably become a champion.
average
urged
outstanding
(五)在语境中悟微点语法
1．It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
分析 句中使用了encourage sb.to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事)，其中三个动词不定式短语to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied作____________。
微语法 常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, inspire, remind等。注意以下几个短语的用法：arrange for sb.to do sth.“安排某人做某事”，call on sb.to do sth.“号召、要求某人去做某事”，appeal to sb.to do sth.“呼吁某人做某事”， rely on sb.to do sth.“指望某人做某事”。
宾语补足语
[对点练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Wild animals can be fascinating creatures that inspire us __________ (study) their behavior and lifestyles when we see them.
②You can rely ____ him to crack a joke when things get tense in the office.
③Teachers should ___________________________ by themselves, and when they are stuck, they can ask for help.
老师应当鼓励孩子们尽可能独立思考，当自己想不出来时，再寻求帮助。
to study
on
encourage the children to think
2．She was curious about how the experts did it.
分析：句中how引导宾语从句作_______，how在宾语从句中作方式状语。如果how后加形容词、副词引导从句，意为“多少，多么”。
[对点练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①—I wonder _____ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
②I wonder ___________________ will take part in this activity.
我想知道有多少志愿者将会参加这个活动。
③You can't imagine __________________ when he saw this.
你难以想象他看到这一幕时有多么的兴奋。
宾语
how
how many volunteers
how excited he was
(六)在语境中赏表达之美
1．(赏结构之美)But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance.
赏析：句中how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance运用了虚拟语气，_________________________ 是if we had missed the chance省略if后的倒装结构。作者通过谓语动词的特殊形式，表达出了丰富多彩的内心世界和真情实感。隐含的言外之意是我们不应该错过这样的机会。
had we missed the chance
[对点练——完成句子/句式转换]
①If he___________________, he ___________the environment around the school very much.
如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会很了解周边环境。
②If I had read the book, I would have told you about it.(改为倒装结构)
→___________________, I would have told you about it.
studied at this school
would know
Had I read the book
2．(赏用词之美)After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance：curiosity and discontent.
赏析：作者借助熟词生义(decide意为“判断”)、短语(make the difference)、构词法(curiosity，discontent)等方式描述了成就非凡的人和表现一般的人的区别。语言简明扼要，准确，通俗易懂。
3．(赏意境之美)I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself.She was curious about how the experts did it.Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
赏析：一个不会插花来满足自己的人，很好奇专家们是如何做到的。现在她是一位专门写插花书的专家。这就是好奇心重要性的很好的例证。震撼人心，令人信服，催人奋进。
4．(赏修辞之美)You haven't any time That's good, because it's always the people with no time who get things done.
赏析：作者针对有人为了推脱而说自己没有时间这个问题时，回答“那很好(That's good)”，随后用哈里特·斯托，这位六个孩子的母亲，边做饭边写《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的例子，告诉人们，不是没有时间，而是没有好奇心和不满足的心态，没有利用好时间。表面看是赞同，实为反语，语言犀利、极具说服力。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（四）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看
背词条用法 (1)support sb.in sth. 在某方面支持某人
support a (one's) family/oneself 养家糊口/自力更生
(2)come to one's support 来支持某人
with one's support＝with the support of sb. 在某人的支持下
in support of＝in favor of 支持；拥护
背写作佳句 ①He's looking for a new job, one where he can get more money to support his family.
他正在寻找一份新工作，一份能赚到更多钱以养家糊口的工作。
②Some experts have spoken in support of the ban of drunk driving.
一些专家说支持禁止酒后驾车。
背词条用法 (1)escape (doing) sth. 逃脱/逃避(做)某事
escape from/out of ... 从……逃跑/逃走
escape sb./one's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意/被某人遗忘
(2)a narrow escape 死里逃生；幸免于难
背写作佳句 ①He escaped being killed in the explosion because he had not gone to work.
他没有在爆炸中丧生，因为他没有去工作。
②To their relief, their students narrowly escaped from the shaking building.
令他们宽慰的是，他们的学生侥幸从摇动的大楼中逃脱出来。
背相关短语 make a living ＝ earn one's living 谋生
earn one's own living 自食其力
earn extra money/a fortune 挣取额外收入/挣大钱
背写作佳句 ①I'm trying to persuade him to give up the attempt to earn his living/make a living by writing.
我尽力劝说他放弃通过写作谋生的想法。
②Since his parents died early, he had to earn his own living when he was a teenager.
由于父母早逝，他十几岁时不得不自食其力。
背相关短语 in power 当权；掌权
beyond one's power 不能胜任；超过了某人的能力
within/in one‘s power 有能力；力所能及
背写作佳句 ①I will do everything in/within my power to help you.
我将尽我所能帮助你。
②Not that John doesn't want to help you, but that it's beyond his power.
并不是约翰不想帮你，而是那件事超越了他的能力。
3．escape v．逃跑；逃避；逃脱；避开；(气体、液体等)泄漏；被忘掉 n．逃脱；逃避；解脱
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2020·天津7月高考·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：对社会有突出贡献的人物
After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance：curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why Why？Why？”
Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them.
“The great man，” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his child's heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven't any special ability Most people don't; there are only a few geniuses. You haven't any time That's good, because it's always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking. You're too old Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
?好题不厌百回做，每做一次都有新发现
1．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to_________ .
A．propose a definition
B．make a comparison
C．reach a conclusion
D．present an argument
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了决定一个人能否有杰出成就的两种品质：好奇心和不满足。作者通过摆事实、讲道理等来论证自己的观点，并介绍了如何重获好奇心和不满足。
解析：写作意图题。作者在第一段提出观点“通过观察发现：有杰出成就的人都同时具有两种品质：好奇心和不满足”，下文围绕该观点展开，作者通过讲事实、摆道理等来论证自己的观点，所以作者写第一段是为了提出论点。
答案：D
2．What does the example of Galileo tell us
A．Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.
B．Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.
C．Creativity results from challenging authority.
D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，好奇心和不满足是取得成就的内驱力，比雄心抱负重要得多，像伽利略一样，历史上所有的杰出的名人都有好奇心，并不满足地追寻原因，由此可知，作者举伽利略的例子是为了告诉我们伟大(的成就)来源于持久的探索欲望。故选择D项。
答案：D
3．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent
A．Observe the unknown around you.
B．Develop a questioning mind.
C．Lead a life of adventure.
D．Follow the fashion.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，我们中大部分人失去了童心，不再问问题，不再挑战习俗，只是随大流。从相反的角度讲，我们要重新获得好奇心和不满足就应该培养一个提问的思想。所以选择B项。
答案：B
4．What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7
A．Gaining success helps you become an expert.
B．The genius tends to get things done creatively.
C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection.
解析：推理判断题。根据第七段中的“You haven't any special ability ...who get things done.”可知，作者针对缺乏特殊才能、无时间的理由一一反驳，由此可知，缺乏天赋和时间不能成为不行动的理由。故选择C项。
答案：C
5．What could be the best title for the passage
A．Curious Minds Never Feel Contented
B．Reflections on Human Nature
C．The Keys to Achievement
D．Never Too Late to Learn
解析：标题归纳题。作者在第一段提出观点“人的好奇心和不满足是取得成就的必备品质”，下文围绕该观点展开讨论，作者通过摆事实、讲道理等来论证自己的观点，并介绍了如何重获好奇心和不满足。所以C项“成就的秘诀”为本文最佳标题。
答案：C
?文本精读固基础，高考强调基础扎实
(一)由文本积阅读词汇
1．discontent n． ______________
2．outstanding adj. _______________
3．recapture v. _______________________
4．restful adj. ___________________
5．modestly adv. ________________
6．genius n. ______
7．alive adj. __________________________
不满；不满足
杰出的；优秀的
夺回；再次捕获；再体验
宁静的；让人放松的
谨慎地；适当地
天才
活着的；有活力的；有生气的
E
C
B
A
(三)由文本积主题词块
1．make the difference __________________________
2．vary from ... to _________________
3．be born with __________
4．follow the crowd ________
5．leap into ______________________
6．with hesitation __________
7．waken our curiosity __________________
有影响； 起作用；大不相同
从……到……不等
与生俱来
随大流
跳入；跳进；突然进入
犹豫不决
唤醒我们的好奇心
(四)用文本词汇替换蓝体词汇
1．Cheaper housing would vastly improve the living standards of ordinary ( ) people.
2．They persuaded ( ) parliament to approve plans for their reform programme.
3．Jeff is an excellent ( ) boxer and will probably become a champion.
average
urged
outstanding
(五)在语境中悟微点语法
1．It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
分析 句中使用了encourage sb.to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事)，其中三个动词不定式短语to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied作____________。
微语法 常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, inspire, remind等。注意以下几个短语的用法：arrange for sb.to do sth.“安排某人做某事”，call on sb.to do sth.“号召、要求某人去做某事”，appeal to sb.to do sth.“呼吁某人做某事”， rely on sb.to do sth.“指望某人做某事”。
宾语补足语
[对点练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Wild animals can be fascinating creatures that inspire us __________ (study) their behavior and lifestyles when we see them.
②You can rely ____ him to crack a joke when things get tense in the office.
③Teachers should ___________________________ by themselves, and when they are stuck, they can ask for help.
老师应当鼓励孩子们尽可能独立思考，当自己想不出来时，再寻求帮助。
to study
on
encourage the children to think
2．She was curious about how the experts did it.
分析：句中how引导宾语从句作_______，how在宾语从句中作方式状语。如果how后加形容词、副词引导从句，意为“多少，多么”。
[对点练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①—I wonder _____ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
②I wonder ___________________ will take part in this activity.
我想知道有多少志愿者将会参加这个活动。
③You can't imagine __________________ when he saw this.
你难以想象他看到这一幕时有多么的兴奋。
宾语
how
how many volunteers
how excited he was
(六)在语境中赏表达之美
1．(赏结构之美)But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance.
赏析：句中how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance运用了虚拟语气，_________________________ 是if we had missed the chance省略if后的倒装结构。作者通过谓语动词的特殊形式，表达出了丰富多彩的内心世界和真情实感。隐含的言外之意是我们不应该错过这样的机会。
had we missed the chance
[对点练——完成句子/句式转换]
①If he___________________, he ___________the environment around the school very much.
如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会很了解周边环境。
②If I had read the book, I would have told you about it.(改为倒装结构)
→___________________, I would have told you about it.
studied at this school
would know
Had I read the book
2．(赏用词之美)After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance：curiosity and discontent.
赏析：作者借助熟词生义(decide意为“判断”)、短语(make the difference)、构词法(curiosity，discontent)等方式描述了成就非凡的人和表现一般的人的区别。语言简明扼要，准确，通俗易懂。
3．(赏意境之美)I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself.She was curious about how the experts did it.Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
赏析：一个不会插花来满足自己的人，很好奇专家们是如何做到的。现在她是一位专门写插花书的专家。这就是好奇心重要性的很好的例证。震撼人心，令人信服，催人奋进。
4．(赏修辞之美)You haven't any time That's good, because it's always the people with no time who get things done.
赏析：作者针对有人为了推脱而说自己没有时间这个问题时，回答“那很好(That's good)”，随后用哈里特·斯托，这位六个孩子的母亲，边做饭边写《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的例子，告诉人们，不是没有时间，而是没有好奇心和不满足的心态，没有利用好时间。表面看是赞同，实为反语，语言犀利、极具说服力。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（四）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看