人教版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-单元词汇、句型、语法、题型完美精练（含答案）

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues
Part One 词汇句式一遍过
I. 阅读障碍词——写出下列单词的汉语意思
1. faint vi. ___________ adj. ___________
2. colleague n. ___________
3. chain n. ___________
4. pregnant adj. ___________
5. disguise vt. ___________ n. ___________
6. spill vt. & vi.(spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled) ___________
II. 核心四会词——根据汉语写出单词
1. ___________ adj.道德的；道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意
2. ___________ n.高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
3. ___________ adj.珍稀的；宝贵的
4. ___________ vt.委托；交付
5. ___________ vt.聘任；雇用；租用n.租借；租用
6. ___________ vt.拒绝接受；不录用
7. ___________ n.十年；十年期
8. ___________ vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于
9. ___________ vt.发表(作品)；出版
10. ___________ n.员工；全体职员
11. ___________ vi. & vt.退休；退职；退出
12. ___________ n.节省物；节省；节约；[pl.储蓄金；存款
13. ___________ n.道德原则；法则；原则
14. ___________ adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
15. ___________ n.保险；保险业
16. ___________ adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
17. ___________ vt.接替；取代；更换
18. ___________ vi. & vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
19. ___________ n.进口；进口商品vt.进口；输入；引进
20. ___________ vt.& vi.(bit /bIt/，bitten /'bItn/)咬；叮；蜇n.咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
21. ___________ n.绝望vi.绝望；感到无望
22. ___________ adj.灵活的；可变通的
23. ___________ n.收入；收益
24. ___________ n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
III. 拓展延伸词——根据词性和汉语意思写单词
1. marry vi. & vt.结婚→________ n.结婚；婚姻
2. major adj.主要的；重要的vi.主修n.主修课程；主修学生→________ n.大部分；大多数
3. complain vi. & vt. 抱怨；发牢骚→________ n.抱怨，投诉
4. respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应→________ n.反应；回答；回复
5. appoint vt. 任命；委派→________ n.约会；约定；任命
6. elect vt. 选举；推选→________ n.选举；推选；当选
7. scare vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→________ adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→________adj.恐怖的；吓人的
8. operate vt.& vi.做手术；经营；操作；运转→________ n.手术；企业；经营→________ n.话务员；操作员；经营者
9. accident n.事故；车祸；失事→________ adj.意外的；偶然的→________ adv.偶然地
10. harm n. & vt.伤害；损害→________ adj.有害的→________ adj.无害的
11. assist vt.帮助；援助→________ n.助理；助手→________ n.帮助；援助
12. sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→________vt.削尖；磨快；使提高；使改进→________ n.卷笔刀；磨具
IV. 重点短语英汉互译
(i) 课内基础达标
1. __________________帮助某人渡过难关
2. __________________易于做某事；往往会发生某事
3. __________________大量
4. __________________去世
5. __________________作为对……的纪念
6. __________________被……绊倒
7. __________________流着泪；含着泪
8. __________________处于绝望中
9. __________________需要帮助
10. resident physician __________________
11. moral dilemma __________________
12. tuition fees __________________
13. first aid __________________
14. entrust me with that life __________________
(ii) 课外拓展延伸
1. __________________占大多数
2. __________________对……不予回答
3. __________________与某人约会
4. __________________有做某事的倾向
5. __________________吓死了
6. __________________用……替换……
7. __________________低声地
8. come to one’s assistance __________________
9. burst into tears __________________
10. do/cause harm to __________________
11. in terms of __________________
12. in search of __________________
V. 经典句式过关练
(i) 课内基础达标——补全句子
1. 道德困境是指你有两个或更多困难选择的情况。(抽象地点名词作先行词的定语从句)
A moral dilemma is a situation ____________________________________.
2. 她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。(the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth)
She immediately became the first woman ever ____________________________________ in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
3. 过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。(独立主格)
After a while, a group of women came along, ____________________________________.
4. 对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更珍贵的了。(否定词与比较级连用表示最高级)
To a person ____________________________________.
(ii) 课外拓展延伸——补全句子
1. 我投诉你们餐厅的食物和服务质量很差，但是没有人回应我。(complaint)
I ____________________________________ and service in your restaurant, but no one responded to me.
2. 我不得不向你道歉，因为我不能在约定时间陪你去书店了。(appoint)
I have to apologize to you for not being able to accompany you to the bookshop__________________.
3. 当我意识到那头熊又回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。(scared)
When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us, __________________.
4. 梅雷迪斯太太是一位非常善良和体贴的女性。她花了很多时间看望穷人。(deal)
Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She ____________________________________.
Part Two 核心考点基础练
I. 词形变化练
1. In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their _____________ (marry)ceremony in 1842.
2. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in _____________ (respond) to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
3. After the ___________ (elect)of the monitor in our class, most of the students were strict in their study.
4. We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement _____________ (operate).
5. At the very moment, the helicopter arrived. It landed near our camp and its loud noises _____________ (scare) the bear.
6. As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a _____________ (tend) to get anxious with time going by.
7. As the old saying goes, “A workman must _____________ (sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.”
8. _____________ (bite) by the snake in the bush, Susan was sent back to the camp.
II. 固定用法练
1. Although Mary loved flowers, _____________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
2. Thanks to papermaking and printing, a great deal of ancient information _____________ (keep)in books.
3. China is the first developing country_____________ (send) man-made spaceship into the space.
4. Some people tend _____________ (look)down upon disabled people and regard them as unfit for a regular life.
5. Students should actively involve themselves in after-class activities _____________ they can gain experience for social communication.
6. After his wife passed_____________, the old man was _____________ deep despair.
7. As we know, recent years _____________ (witness)great changes taking place in China，particularly in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai.
8. Therefore, no matter what will happen in the future, I’ll carry you_____________ it.
Part Three高考题型强化练
I. 阅读理解
A
In the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, hundreds of journalists were holding lights, cameras and voice recorders as they tried to find strategic positions at group interviews.
Each speaker was allowed only a short time. Everyone laughed because Professor Zhu Youyong carried along a big potato during his two minutes.
“Farmers in China’s poor areas can rely on agricultural science to strive for a well-off life,” said the 63-year-old plant-disease expert.
Professor Zhu is nicknamed “potato scholar”. Born into a family of farmers in Yunnan, Zhu said he has an attachment to the land. Since 2016, Zhu’s team has promoted agricultural science in Lancang, Yunnan Province.
Zhu said farmers in the area only planted rice once a year. After the harvest, the rice fields stayed unused for the entire winter. In 2016, his team launched a pilot program, which was used to test the idea of growing a late-season potato crop.
Success soon arrived, with about 3.1 tonnes of potatoes harvested in a field covering just 0.07 hectare, which brought income to farmers of about 9,000 yuan. Then in 2017, Zhu expanded cultivation (栽培) in several villages in the county, benefiting more than 1,000 families.
“We have set a goal of helping every poor farmer in the county to earn 10,000 yuan out of 0.07 hectare of farmland cultivated each winter, so as to lift farmers out of poverty (贫困),” Zhu said.
“Ultimately, I am a farmer. Going back to the fields and seeing how my research changed the lives of farmers in China is the most important thing to me,” he said.
1. Why did Professor Zhu appear special at the group interviews
A. He was nicknamed “potato scholar”.
B. He presented a big potato before the journalists.
C. He occupied a good position for the interview.
D. He was allowed to speak for a longer time.
2. What does the underlined word “pilot” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Experimental. B. Advanced. C. Modern. D. Effective.
3. How did Professor Zhu help the farmers to relieve from poverty
A. By controlling plant diseases.
B. By increasing the rice harvest.
C. By expanding local farmland.
D. By introducing a kind of late-season potato.
4. What is the text mainly about
A. The research of Professor Zhu in biological science.
B. The contribution of Professor Zhu in potato marketing.
C. The efforts of Professor Zhu to fight poverty in Yunnan.
D. The dream of Professor Zhu to beautify the countryside.
B
“To me, love is the most important thing. What could be more healing than love.
These words，like lines from a poem, are easy to agree with coming from Robin, who founded the BumiSehat Bali Clinic in central Ubud, the setting for the film Eat Pray Love. Now the clinic provides treatment or educational support for over 100,000 people annually.
Giving birth to her first child at nineteen, Robin moved to Hawaii after college, working for several years on a farm, where she taught farming practices and poetry. But in 1991, she received heartbreaking news. Heridyllic life on the farm in Hawaii was turned upside down when her sister, expecting a child in Alabama, died of pregnancy complications (妊娠并发症).
“When my dear sister passed away, I realized mothers were dying everywhere. In countries with increased poverty, some people can’t afford to go to the hospital. What motivated me initially was my love for my sister, but this soon grew into a concern for mothers and children all over the world.” Robin’s feelings for her sister were transformed into a desire to help women everywhere in need.
To ensure that children are born healthy, nutritionally balanced meals are provided for expecting mothers free of charge. Those who lack housing are free to stay as long as it is necessary. The clinic also sees patients of all ages who have symptoms unrelated to childbirth, while providing facilities for language learning and IT education, and annually training over 6,000 nursing and midwifery (助产) students, backed by a scholarship program.
Just as Robin said, love is to be found inside the BumiSehat Bali Clinic. Perhaps feelings of showing kindness toward others and wanting to make the world a better place are the key to a brighter tomorrow.
5. Which of the following best explains “idyllic” underlined in Paragraph 3
A. Peaceful. B. Dramatic. C. Tough. D. Troublesome.
6. What made Robin change her career course at first
A. Her love for midwifery.
B. Her desire to help children.
C. Her sorrow for her sister’s death.
D. Her loss of interest in poetry.
7. What do we know about the clinic
A. It is famous for its nursing program.
B. It offers mothers-to-be free diets.
C. It provides financial aid for mothers.
D. It has treated more than 6，000 patients.
8. What can we learn from Robin’s story
A. Love makes the world a better place.
B. Ups and downs make one strong.
C. Kindness can be richly rewarded.
D. Hard work inspires great respect.
C
Recently Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations, including China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Association, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help cultivate new eating habits for customers. “Restaurants should innovate means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions,” the proposal said.
Meituan and the organizations are advocating that merchants offer guidance for consumers, including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to help them avoid food waste due to misleading information.
Catering (饮食服务) associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to eliminate food waste. The China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele.me, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a “half-dish plan”, encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions.The Wuhan Catering Association proposed an “N-1” ordering code for restaurants in which a group of 10 diners would only order enough for nine people. More food is only brought to the table if required.
To curb portrayals of food waste on social media platforms，popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams and implemented regulation of online eating shows. Now if users search certain key words, such as “eating show” or “competitive eaters”, a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and maintain a reasonable diet.
9. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Wuhan Catering Association’s proposal was a good practice.
B. The “half-dish plan” functioned better than the “N- 1”ordering code.
C. Meituan met with some management challenges.
D. Customers are required to order smaller portions.
10. Which of the following is true
A. Meituan releases some misleading food information.
B. More food is welcome when we treat our dear friends.
C. Few organizations realized the seriousness of food waste.
D. Online eating shows are monitored via media platforms.
11. How many good means of avoiding food waste are mentioned here
A. None. B. Two. C. Three. D. Five.
Ⅱ. 七选五
Psychologists have long believed that human beings have a fairly consistent “negativity bias (消极偏见)” that leads us to pay more attention to negative thoughts, feelings and events than to positive ones. 1 There is a positive explanation for the question. After all, we are motivated to grow after a misstep. However, we can’t abandon ourselves to the negativity bias forever. How？ 2
Practice Positivity. Like your muscles, your thought patterns respond to how they are used and exercised. You don’t have to erase the negativity bias from your mind. 3 For example, set calendar reminders throughout your day to convey an expression of gratitude or simply adjust your body language so you’re holding yourself with strength and confidence.
4 We’re living in a time of pandemic or financial stress and deep division. Our negativity biases call our attention toward those realities. But we are well served to also see the opportunities in this moment: Maybe there’s a home project we otherwise wouldn’t have found time to tackle.
Ask for Positive Reminders. Get in the habit of checking in with people who are with you when goodness finds you today. Mention to them, “That is an unexpected bit of praise from the boss, isn’t it ” 5 And who knows, you may help your friend, family member or coworker have a more positive day as well!
A. Try the following suggested ideas.
B. Redefine negativity as an opportunity.
C. Instead, practice your positive lifestyle.
D. Its negative influence can never be avoided.
E. Why and how does this phenomenon happen
F. How do you handle it as you try to live with more positivity
G. Asking others to confirm your positive insights can facilitate your positivity.
答案部分
Part One 词汇句式一遍过
I. 阅读障碍词
1. 昏倒；晕厥; 不清楚的；微弱的 2. 同事；同僚 3. 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条 4. 怀孕的；妊娠的 5. 装扮；假扮；掩盖; 伪装；化装用具 6. (使)洒出；(使)溢出
II. 核心四会词
1. moral 2. virtue 3. precious 4. entrust 5. hire 6. reject 7. decade 8. tend 9. publish 10. staff 11. retire 12. saving 13. principle 14. sharp 15. insurance 16. energetic 17. replace 18. whisper 19. import 20. bite 21. despair 22. flexible 23. income 24. tension
III. 拓展延伸词
1. marriage 2. majority 3. complaint 4. response 5. appointment 6. election 7. scared; scar(e)y 8. operation; operator 9. accidental; accidentally 10. harmful; harmless 11. assistant; assistance 12. sharpen; sharpener
IV. 重点短语英汉互译
(i)
1. carry sb through sth
2. tend to do sth
3. a great deal (of)
4. pass away
5. in memory of
6. trip over
7. in tears
8. in despair
9. in need of help
10. 住院医师
11. 道德困境
12. 学费
13. 急救
14. 把生命托付给我
(ii)
1. be in the/a majority
2. make no response to
3. make an appointment with sb
4. have a tendency to do sth
5. be scared to death
6. replace...with/by...
7. in a whisper/in whispers
8. 帮助某人
9. 突然大哭起来
10. 对……造成伤害
11. 就……而言
12. 寻找
V. 经典句式过关练
(i)
1. in which you have two or more difficult choices to make
2. to be hired as a resident physician
3. each balancing a pot of water on her head
4. nothing is more precious than their life
(ii)
1. made a complaint about the poor quality of food
2. at the appointed time
3. I was nearly scared to death
4. spent a great deal of time visiting the poor
Part Two 核心考点基础练
I. 词形变化练
1 marriage 2 response 3 election 4 operation 5 scared 6 tendency 7 sharpen 8 Bitten
II. 固定用法练
1 neither 2 has been kept 3 to send 4 to look 5 where 6 away; in 7 have witnessed 8 through
Part Three高考题型强化练
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了朱有勇教授在云南为扶贫事业所做的努力。他带领其团队致力于农业科学研究，推出了晚季土豆来帮助农民脱贫致富。
1. B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Everyone laughed because...during his two minutes”可知，朱有勇教授在团体访谈时显得特别是因为他在记者面前展示了一个大土豆。
2. A。词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“which was used to test the idea of growing a late-season potato crop”可知，这个项目被用来测试种植晚季土豆的想法，因此这个项目是试验性的。
3. D。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In 2016...late-season potato crop”和第六段中的“Success soon arrived，with about 3.1 tonnes of potatoes...about 9,000 yuan”可知，他帮助农民脱贫的方式是推出一种晚季土豆。
4. C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本篇主要介绍了朱有勇教授在云南为扶贫事业所做的努力。他带领其团队致力于农业科学研究，推出了晚季土豆来帮助云南省的农民脱贫致富。
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。Robin 本来过着平静而惬意的乡村生活，但在经历了妹妹因妊娠并发症离世之后，她决定成立BumiSehat Bali诊所，帮助更多贫困地区需要帮助的准妈妈。她用爱心为世界贡献了自己的一份力量。
5. A。词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“working for several years on a farm，where she taught farming practices and poetry”可知，Robin在夏威夷教农业实践和诗歌，结合本句中的“was turned upside down”可推知，此处指她的生活平静而惬意，故A项与画线词的意义最为接近。
6. C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“What motivated me initially was...and children all over the world”可知，最初改变Robin事业进程的是她对妹妹的爱，而她的妹妹因妊娠并发症离世。
7. B。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“To ensure that children are born healthy...mothers free of charge”可知，诊所为准妈妈免费提供营养均衡的膳食。
8. A。推理判断题。本文主要讲述了Robin成立BumiSehat Bali诊所，帮助更多贫困地区需要帮助的准妈妈的故事，再结合最后一段可知，Robin的故事告诉我们爱让世界成为一个更好的地方。
【语篇解读】美团和其他企业组织发起倡议，号召餐馆停止食物浪费，帮助顾客培养新的饮食习惯，本文提到了避免食物浪费的一些举措。
9. A。推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，武汉餐饮协会采用“N-1”点餐模式是符合减少食物浪费的倡议的，故可推断这是个不错的实践。
10. D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou...regulation of online eating shows”可知，D项“网上的吃播通过社交平台受到监管”正确。
11. D。细节理解题。第一段中提到“using official accounts...advocate food-saving actions”；第二段中提到“merchants offer guidance for consumers”；第三段中提到“half-dish plan”和“‘N-1’ordering code”；第四段中提到“stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams”，故文章总共提到五种方法。
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几条消除消极偏见的建议。
1. E。过渡衔接句。空前讲消极偏见导致人们更加关注消极的思想、情感和事情；空后讲对于这个问题有一个积极的解释。E项“为什么会出现这种现象以及这种现象是怎样出现的呢”承上启下，符合语境。
2. A。过渡衔接句。空前讲然而，我们不能永远沉溺于消极偏见中。那要怎样做呢？空后提出了几条建议。A项“尝试一下以下的建议”承上启下，符合语境。
3. C。过渡衔接句。空前讲你不需要把消极偏见从你的脑海中抹去；空后举例说明用积极的态度去面对消极偏见。C项“相反，养成你的积极的生活方式”承上启下，符合语境。
4. B。主旨概括句。空后讲我们生活在一个大流行病或(有)经济压力和严重分歧的社会。我们的消极偏见会让我们关注这些现实。但我们也很幸运地看到了这一刻的机遇。B项“将消极重新定义为一种机会”统领全段，适合作本段小标题。
5. G。过渡衔接句。空前讲这是来自老板出乎意料的一点表扬，不是吗？空后讲你也可以帮助你的朋友、家人或同事度过更积极的一天。G项“让别人肯定你的积极见解可以促进你的积极性”承上启下，符合语境。