北师大版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 8 Green living同步练习（有解析）

《Unit 8 Green Living》
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Weighing too much can damage your health,and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and adults around the world.Sleep might be one answer to the problem.A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.
Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more,but scientists have had a tough time determining " " says Julie C.Lumeng of the university of Michigan in Ann Arbor.In other words,it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping,or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain.Both scenarios seemed equally possible.
To get a better idea of which causes which,Lumeng and her colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States.The parents answered questions about how well their kids slept that year.Three years later,the parents answered the same questions.By sixth grade,18 percent of kids involved in the study were obese.
The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender.It also
didn't matter how strict their parents were,or whether they were boys or girls.Obesity struck all of these groups equally.Instead,sleep seemed to be the key factor.Over the three years of study,the children averaged a healthy 9.5 hours of sleep a night.Some kids,however,slept a lot more or less than others.
For the sixth graders,every hour of sleep above the 9.5 houraverage was linked to a 20 percent lower risk of being obese.Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders.Every extra hour of sleep they got was linked to a 40 percent drop in obesity.
1. What does the underlined sentence on paragraph 2 imply？ ______
A. Scientists have found the exact causes of children's obesity.
B. There is always something difficult to understand through theory
C. The cause-effect relationship between weight and sleep isn't clear.
D. A person's weight has something to do with the amount of his sleep.
2. What did the interview find out？ ______
A. 9.5 hours of sleep a night is enough for children.
B. The more a child sleeps,the healthier he will be.
C. Sixth graders need much more sleep than third graders.
D. One's race or gender has nothing to do with his weight.
3. How does the author develop the passage？ ______
A. By listing figures B. By comparing different opinions
C. By providing examples D. By conducting a survey
4. What is the suitable title for the passage？ ______
A. The benefits of enough sleep for children
B. Sleeping less increases the risk of obesity
C. Which comes first,ittle sleep or obesity
D. How many hours of sleep do children need？
B
Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot？It happens.You park and go shopping.When you get back,you have no idea where your car is.It can be discouraging.
You don't need to install （安装） an expensive GPS system to keep track of your car.That's too expensive.You would need to pay a monthly subscription fee just to use it.But is there a way to track your vehicle without spending a fortune？Yes,now there is!A California-based start-up company was able to make this a reality.They created a tiny device that works with your smartphone,and it could be exactly what you're looking for!It's called TrackR Bravo.It's changing the way we keep track of the important things in our lives.
Install the free TrackR app on your smartphone,connect the app to your device and you're ready to go!Simply attach TrackR to whatever you want to keep an eye on.The entire process of setting it up only takes 5 minutes or less.You can attach it to your keys,wallet and anything else you don't want to lose.Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds.
Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking services.Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees.We understand how stressful these things can be,and this is the reason why the company created TrackR.This device is your VIP when you need to take care of important things.
If you forget where you park your car,take out your smartphone and open the TrackR app.Tap on the"lost item" sign on the screen and the app will tell you the exact location.This device is by no means expensive.TrackR only costs S29，a small price to pay for peace of mind.The device is small enough that you can attach it to your pets.Put it on their collar,and you will never lose track of them!Attach it to your key or wallet,and never waste a minute the whole house for it.
Since you've been informed about this billiant invention,now attach it to everything that's important to you.
5. Why does the author mention the lost car in the first Paragraph？ ______
A. To explain how terrible the situation is.
B. To stress the importance of being cautious.
C. To lead to the topic concerning finding lost items.
D. To provide one common example about theft.
6. What's the feature of the TrackR app？ ______
A. The process of setting up the app is complex.
B. The cost of setting up the app is rather high.
C. The app is available in any electronic equipment.
D. The app helps locate the lost items in a short time.
7. The TrackR was created because ______ .
A. life is full of all kinds of pressure
B. tracking services cause financial burden
C. people want to keep their important items safe
D. GPS systems can not provide specific location
8. Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined word "rummaging" in Paragraph 5？ ______
A. Searching B. Destroying C. Cleaning D. Moving
C
On June 17，1774，the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations.The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College.In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows：
We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges,and that the costs of living of our young men,while with you,would be very expensive to you.We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal；and we thank you heartily.But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things,and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.We have had some experience of it.Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the northern provinces：they were taught all your sciences；but when they came back to us,they were bad manners,ignorant of every means of living in the woods - they were totally good for nothing.
We are,however,not the less obliged by your kind offer,though we refuse to accept it；and,to show our grateful sense of it,if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons,we will take care of their education,teach them all we know,and make men of them.
9. The passage is about ______ .
A. the talk between the Indians and the officials
B. the colleges of the northern provinces
C. the educational values of the Indians
D. the problems of the Americans in the mid-eighteen century
10. The Indian chief's purpose of writing the letter seems to be to ______ .
A. politely refuse a friendly offer
B. express their opinions on equal treatment
C. show their pride
D. describe Indian customs
11. According to the letter,the Indians believed that ______ .
A. it would be better for their boys to receive some schooling
B. they were being insulted by the offer
C. they knew more about science than the officials
D. they had better way of educating young men
12. Different from the officials' view of education,the Indians thought ______ .
A. young women should also be educated
B. they had different goals of education
C. they taught different branches of science
D. they should teach the sons of the officials first
D
Never go into a supermarket hungry!This is a good piece of advice.If you go shopping for food before lunchtime,you'll probably buy more than you plan to.Unfortunately,however,just this advice isn't enough for consumers these days.Modern shoppers need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store.First,you check the weekly newspaper ads.Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need these things.In other words,don't buy anything just because it's cheaper than usual!"New and Improved!" or"All Natural" on the front of a package influence you.Instead,read the list of ingredients（contents） on the back.Third,compare prices：that is,you should examine the prices of both different brands and different sizes of the same brand.
Another suggestion for consumers is to buy ordinary items instead of famous brands.Ordinary items in supermarkets come in plain packages.These products are cheaper because producers don't spend much money on packing or advertising.The quality however,is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands.In the same way,in buying clothes,you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous.Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money.Although these stores aren't very attractive,and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms,not only are the prices low,but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores.
Wise consumers read magazine ads and watch TV commercials,but they do this with one advantage：knowledge of the psychology behind the ads.In other words,well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation.They ask themselves questions：Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page？Is there any real information in the commercial,or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image？With the answers to these questions,consumers can make a wise choice.
13. All the fllowing statements are true about the phrase"ordinary items" in Paragraph 2 except ______ .
A. ordinary items never say"New and Improved" or"All Natural"
B. ordinary products are usually cheaper than famous brands
C. producers spend less money on packaging of ordinary items
D. the quality of ordinary items is usually as good as that of famous brands
14. What does the writer think about ads？ ______
A. They are believable. B. They are atractive.
C. They are full of misinformation. D. They are helpful to consumers.
15. One of the author's suggestions to consumers is ______ .
A. to make use of ads
B. not to buy items with words like"New and Improved" or"All Natural"
C. to buy high quality items such as famous brands after lunch
D. to buy any ordinary items instead of famous brands
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Managing your time is a lot like managing your money. (1) With 24 hours a day multiplied by seven days a week,your weekly time budget is 168 hours per week.
Step No.1： (2)
Estimate the amount of time per week you spend on each activity,such as class time,athletics fitness,socializing with friends and other hobby time and so on.
Step No.2：Assess your use of time.
a） Add together the total time you will use per week.
b） Now subtract the total time from 168 hours.
If the number you get is negative,you have used more time than there is in a week.You should cut back in certain areas.
If you have time left over,ask yourself what choices can be made. (3) Volunteering？Friends？If your time used equals 168，great!Now take a look at any hours you may be spending in some areas that you want to start using in other ways.
Step No.3：Determine a goal and plan of action for better time use.
What would you most like to do to better manage your time？You should consider using a calendar or planner. (4)
Some tips：Color-code your calendar or planner by the activities listed above,and once you make a schedule,do your best to stick with it.
Step No.4： (5)
You'll want to take a look at this again at the start of each term,if you get a job,or if you notice any changes in your physical or emotional condition.
Besides,it is advisable to make a long-term goal in the first year and work towards it in the very beginning.
A.You are in trouble.
B.This is a good start.
C.Repeat,when necessary.
D.Do you have time for more sleep？
E.Figure out how you use your time each week.
F.Once you spend it,it's gone,so you have to make it all count.
G.It can help you keep track of time,proects,tasks and be more efficient.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
In 1952，my daddy traveled with the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers.This meant he would (21) a lot of time away from home.
As (22) came near,he called my mother and (23) why he would not be celebrating the holiday with us.Money was tight and he didn't have a way to get back to his (24).Though she was (25).Mother knew he was right.When she told us the news,it really (26) me,and I went to bed on Christmas Eve with a (27) heart.
When we (28) up on Christmas morning,Santa had conic.I still remember what gift we (29) that year.We were all happy with our gifts,so we went outside to play.As we were (30) I looked up and thought I saw my daddy in the distance I ran inside to tell Mother.She did not (31) me and told me not to make up stories.My mother (32) it just wasn't possible. (33) I was sure it was Daddy!I turned to go back outside when I heard familiar footsteps.Daddy was home!As I (34) into his arms,Daddy explained that he had tried (35) to get home for Christmas,but without success.At last,a group of the workers had decided to drive.But the (36) guy lived miles away.So Daddy started (37) on Christmas Eve until he arrived home.He had walked all night!
Though the (38) that year were wonderful,tile best gift was not found under the (39).Daddy's special surprise made this my most (40) Christmas.
21. A. save B. spend C. waste D. lose
22. A. Thanksgiving B. Easter C. Christmas D. New Year
23. A. wondered B. explained C. argued D. discussed
24. A. office B. Army C. church D. family
25. A. excited B. frightened C. surprised D. unhappy
26. A. puzzed B. calmed C. interested D. hit
27. A. light B. warm C. heavy D. strong
28. A. picked B. woke C. blew D. turned
29. A. received B. bought C. made D. sent
30. A. playing B. debating C. studying D. eating
31. A. recognize B. believe C. ignore D. understand
32. A. agreed B. warned C. realized D. added
33. A. But B. So C. And D. Or
34. A. sank B. rushed C. stepped D. escaped
35. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
36. A. nearest B. farthest C. earliest D. latest
37. A. running B. driving C. walking D. cycling
38. A. presents B. programs C. plans D. styles
39. A. stairs B. tree C. table D. shelf
40. A. unforgettable B. comfortable C. reasonable D. terrible
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones—the kind of modern, solar-paneled masterpieces. But the US (1) (have) more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be incredibly wasteful to tear them all down.
An enormous amount of energy and (2) (resource) went into the construction of those houses. And it would take (3) average of 65 years for the reduced carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources (4) (lose) by destroying an old one. So in the broadest sense, the (5) (green) home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling (6) powering our buildings. They can't deal with climate change without dealing (7) existing buildings.
The oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that expand over time and let in more outside air.
(8) (fortune), there are a vast number of relatively simple changes (9) can green older homes. And efficiency upgrades can save more than just the earth; they can help protect property owners from (10) (rise) power costs.
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）
42. 在最近的一.次主题为中学生课余时间.上网的英语班会上，同学们对上网的利弊争论不休，意见不能统一。作为班长，请你根据下列信息，作总结性发言。
大多数同学 少数同学
1.时间是自己的，提倡多上网 1.上网可以，但必须限时
2.网络使我们的交流方便，可获得国内外新知识及最新信息 2.多数人上网是玩游戏、聊天而不是真正学习或查阅资料
3.网络同时也丰富了学生的业余生活 3.个别同学甚至沉迷网络游戏而逃学
要求：
1）覆盖以上内容，可作适当发挥；
2）发言的开头和结尾已给出（不计入总词数）；
3）词数：120左右。
43. 假设你叫李华，是一家英文杂志社的心理咨询师。某中学生小王给你写信，提到自己偏胖，想节食减肥，征求你的意见。请你给她回一封信，谈谈你对该问题的见解。内容要点如下：
（1）健康比漂亮更重要：
（2）学生以学习为主，不要过于注重外貌和别人的看法；
（3）可通过多锻炼身体保持健康，要改变不良的饮食习惯：
（4）健康的心态也很重要。
注意：
（1）短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥：
（2）词数：100 左右
（3）参考词汇：state of mind心态
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】C、D、A、B
【解析】（1）C．句意理解题。画线句 Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more,but scientists have had a tough time determining " " says Julie C.表示的字面意思是"先有鸡还是先有蛋"，结合上下文的内容可知，文章引用这句话是为了表明"是睡眠少导致了肥胖还是肥胖导致了睡眠变少"这个问题还没有定论。下文的"In other words,it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping,or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain.Both scenarios（可能出现的情况） seemed equally possible"（换句话说，尚不清楚体重过多的孩子是否有睡眠困难，或者睡眠不足是否会导致体重增加。这两种情况似乎同样可能）是解题的关键提示信息。故选C。
（2）D．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students ' race or gender"（科学家们发现体重与学生的种族或性别没有关系。）可知一个人的种族或性别与他的体重无关。故选D。
（3）A．写作手法题。文章主要介绍了一项研究，并列举了很多该研究相关的数据。A.By listing figures通过列出数字；B.By comparing different opinions通过比较不同的意见；C.By providing examples通过提供示例；D.By conducting a survey通过进行调查。故选A。
（4）B．标题归纳题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段中的"A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds"（一项新的研究发现，睡得太少的小学生更容易增加体重）可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，睡眠少会增加肥胖的概率。可知B.Sleeping less increases the risk of obesity（少睡会增加肥胖风险）符合题意。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是体重过重会损害你的健康。不论成人还是儿童，肥胖问题在全世界范围内日益严重，怎么解决这个问题呢？睡眠或许是解决之道。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
5~8.【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）C．推理判断题。根据第一段Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot？It happens.You park and go shopping.When you get back,you have no idea where your car is.It can be discouraging.你有没有在停车场丢过车？这是常有的事．你停车去购物。当你回来的时候，你不知道你的车在哪里。这可能会让人泄气，可知作者提出丢失的汽车是为了引出下文寻找遗失物品的话题，故选C。
（2）D．细节理解题。根据第三段Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds.然后使用TrackR应用程序在几秒钟内找到丢失的项目，可知你可以使用TrackR 在几秒钟之内找出你丢失的物品，故选D。
（3）B．细节理解题。根据第四段 Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking services.Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees.We understand how stressful these things can be,and this is the reason why the company created TrackR．This device is your VIP when you need to take care of important things.忘记昂贵的GPS系统或跟踪服务。没有人愿意支付昂贵的每月订阅费．我们了解这些事情会有多大的压力，这就是公司创建TrackR的原因。当你需要处理重要事情时，这个设备是你的VIP。可知公司创造 TrackR 是因为传统跟踪服务造成人们的经济负担，故选B。
（4）A．词义猜测题。根据第五段Attach it to your key or wallet,and never waste a minute g the whole house for it.把它贴在你的钥匙或钱包上，不要浪费一分钟来翻找整个房子，A.Searching正在搜索；B.Destroying毁灭；C.Cleaning清洁；D.Moving移动。可知 "rummaging"指的是寻找，故选A。
本文属于说明文，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了一种新的可以帮助人们寻找东西的软件。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
9~12.【答案】C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）C.主旨大意题。根据第一段The Indians were invited to send boys.to William and Mary College.In letter the next day they refused the offer as follows（印第安人被邀请送男孩去威廉玛丽学院。第二天他们在信中拒绝了这个提议，内容如下）可知本文主要讲了印度人收到大学邀请时的拒绝信，其中休现了印第安人的教育观，即文章是有关印第安人教育观念的。故选C。
（2）A.细节判断题。根据第一段In letter the next day they refused the offer as follows（第二天他们在信中拒绝了这个提议，内容如下）可知这是一封拒绝大学邀请的信，因此判断写这封信的主要目的是礼貌地拒绝一份邀请。故选A。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段and,to show our grateful sense of it,if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons,we will take care of their education,teach them in all we know,and make men of them.（而且，为了表达我们的感激之情，如果弗吉尼亚的绅士们将他们的十几个儿子送给我们，我们将照顾他们的教育，用我们所知道的一切教他们，并让他们成为男人。）可知他们认为如果有人把儿子送给他们教育，他们会教育地很好，因此判断印第安人相信他们有更好的教育。故选D。
（4）B.细节判断题。根据第三段They were taught all your sciences；but,when they came back to us,they were bad manners,and they knew little of every means of living ir the woods -- they were totally good for nothing.（他们学过你们所有的科学；但是，当他们回到我们身边时，他们很不礼貌，而且他们对森林里的每一种生活方式都知之甚少---他们完全一无是处。）可知印第安人认为学了科学后回来的年轻人没有礼貌，而且对住在丛林里一无所知，什么都不会，因此判断与官方教育观点不同的是印第安人有不同的教育目标。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。讲述了印第安人收到William and Mary大学上学的邀请时的拒绝信以及理由。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
13~15.【答案】A、D、A
【解析】（1）A．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的These products are cheaper because producers don't spend much money on packing or advertising.The quality,however,is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands.（这些产品更便宜，因为生产商不会花很多钱在包装或广告上。然而，质量通常是知名品牌的质量。）可知A，ordinary items never say"New and Improved" or"All Natural"（普通物品从不说"新的和改进的"或"纯天然的"）和B.ordinary products are usually cheaper than famous brands（普通产品通常比名牌便宜）和C.producers spend less money on packaging of ordinary items（生产者在普通物品的包装上花费更少的钱）正确，D.the quality of ordinary items is usually as good as that of famous brands（普通物品的质量通常和名牌一样好）文章中没有提到。故选A。
（2）D．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的In other words,well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation.With the answers to these questions,consumers can make a wise choice.（换句话说，信息灵通的消费者会留心各种资讯，也会查证各种有误导作用的谣传。有了这些问题的答案，消费者可以做一个明智的选择）可知，广告能帮助消费者做出明智的选择。故选D。
（3）A．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的In other words,well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation.（换句话说，信息灵通的消费者会留心各种资讯，也会查证各种有误导作用的谣传。）可知，告诉消费者要充分利用公共，发现广告的正面信息和误导信息。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了作者对广告的几种看法及给消费者的建议。要合理的利用广告才能不被其欺骗。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】F、E、D、G、C
【解析】（1）F.因果关系题。根据前文"Managing your time is a lot like managing your money（管理你的时间很像管理你的金钱）"可知，该空处要说明原因，选项F"Once you spend it,it's gone,so you have to make it all count.（一旦你花了它，它就消失了，所以你必须让它都有价值）"符合语境。故选F。
（2）E.标题归纳题。根据后文"Estimate the amount of time per week you spend on each activity,such as class time,athletics fitness,socializing with friends and other hobby time and so on.（估计一下你每周花在每项活动上的时间，比如上课时间、运动健身、与朋友社交和其他爱好时间等等）"可知，选项E"Figure out how you use your time each week（弄清楚你是如何利用每周的时间的）"对后文进行了概括，突出了中心，符合语境。故选E。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据第二步的小标题"Assess your use of time（评估你的时间使用情况）"及空前句"If you have time left over,ask yourself what choices can be made（如果你还有时间，问问自己可以做出什么选择）"可知，要确定对时间的使用，选项D"Do you have time for more sleep？（你还有时间多睡会儿吗？）"承接上句的提问，进行反问，同时也与本空后的Volunteering和Friends构成并列，符合语境。故选D。
（4）G.因果关系题。根据第三步小标题"Determine a goal and plan of action for better time use.（确定一个目标和行动计划以更好地利用时间）"及前文"You should consider using a calendar or planner（你应该考虑使用日历或计划表）"可知，作者建议大家买个日历或者备忘记事本。选项G"It can help you keep track of time,proects,tasks and be more efficient.（它可以帮助你跟踪时间，保护，任务和更有效率）"解释了作者之所以这样建议的原因，符合语境。故选G。
（5）C.标题归纳题。根据后文"You'll want to take a look at this again at the start of each term,if you get a job,or if you notice any changes in your physical or emotional condition.（在每学期开始的时候，如果你找到了一份工作，或者如果你注意到你的身体或情绪状况有任何变化，你会想再看看这个。）"可知，该空处要给出建议，选项C"Repeat,when necessary.（再重复一遍，在必要的时候。）"符合语境，其中的Repeat和下文中的again是解题的关键。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了如何管理时间并给出了一些建议。
选句填空类阅读理解题材广泛，故学生要拓展知识面，关心时事，学习之余，增加阅读面。做此类题型，要通读全文，了解常见写作顺序，重点理解空白处前后的句子，关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系，如：并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系。把握意思的连贯性、逻辑性，锁定线索词，认真阅读选项，排除迷惑项，确定选项后，再快速泛读全文，确保文章上下衔接流畅，选项有据可依。
21~40.【答案】B、C、B、D、D、D、C、B、A、A、B、D、A、B、C、A、C、A、B、A
【解析】（1）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.save节省；B.spend花费；C.waste浪费；D.lose丢失。句意：这意味着他会花很多时间不在家。故选B。
（2）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.Thanksgiving感恩节；B.Easter复活节；C.Chrstmas圣诞节；D.New Year新年。句意：当圣诞节临近的时候，他打电话给我妈妈，解释他为什么不能和我们一起庆祝假期了。由下文I went to bed on Christmas Eve with a （7）heart.可知，是指圣诞节。故选C。
（3）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.wondered想知道；B.explained解释；C.argued争吵；D.discussed讨论。句意：当圣诞节临近的时候，他打电话给我妈妈，解释他为什么不能和我们一起庆祝假期了。故选B。
（4）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.office办公室；B.Army军队；C.church教堂；D.family家庭。句意：钱很紧，他没有办法回到家里。故选D。
（5）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited兴奋的；B.frightened害怕的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.unhappy不开心的。句意：尽管妈妈不是很开心，但是她知道爸爸是对的。故选D。
（6）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.puzzled使迷惑；B.calmed 镇静；C.interested使感兴趣；D.hit打击。句意：当她告诉我们这个消息的时候，真地打击了我。故选D。
（7）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.light 轻的；B.warm温暖的；C.heavy重的；D.strong强壮的。句意：当她告诉我这个消息的时候，我真得很受打击，圣诞节前夕我怀着沉重的心情上床睡觉了。故选C。
（8）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.picked摘；B.woke醒来；C.blew吹响，炸开；D.turned出现。句意：当我们在圣诞节早上醒来的时候，圣诞老人来了。故选B。
（9）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.received收到；B.bought买；C.made制作；D.sent发送。句意：我仍然记得我们那年收到的什么礼物。故选A。
（10）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.playing玩耍；B.debating争吵；C.studying学习；D.eating吃。句意：当我们在玩的时候，我抬头一看，认为我看见了远方的爸爸，我跑进去告诉妈妈。故选A。
（11）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.recognize认识；B.believe相信；C.ignore忽略；D.understand理解。句意：她不相信我，让我不要编故事。故选B。
（12）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.agreed同意；B.warned警告；C.realized意识到；D.added增加，补充。句意：我妈妈补充说那是不可能的。故选D。
（13）A.考查连词及语境理解。A.But但是；B.So因此；C.And和；D.Or或者。句意：但是我确定是我爸爸。故选A。
（14）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.sank下沉；B.rushed冲；C.stepped踏，以步测量；D.escaped逃脱。句意：我冲到他怀里，爸爸解释说他已经想尽一切办法回家过圣诞节了。故选B。
（15）C.考查代词及语境理解。A.anything任何事；B.something一些事；C.everything一切事；D.nothing什么都没有。句意：我冲到他怀里，爸爸解释说他已经想尽一切办法回家过圣诞节了。故选C。
（16）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.nearest最近的；B.farthest最远的；C.earliest最早的；D.latest最新的。句意：但最亲密的人住在很远的地方。故选A。
（17）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.running跑步；B.driving开车；C.walking步行；D.cycling骑自行车。句意：所以爸爸在圣诞前夜开始走路直到他到家。他走了一整晚。故选C。
（18）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.presents礼物；B.programs节目；C.plans计划；D.styles风格。句意：尽管那年的礼物非常的棒，但是最好的礼物不是在树下找的。故选A。
（19）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.stairs楼梯；B.tree树；C.table桌子；D.shelf架子。句意：尽管那年的礼物非常的棒，但是最好的礼物不是在树下找的。故选B。
（20）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.unforgettable难以忘记的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.reasonable有道理的；D.terrible可怕的。句意：爸爸的特别惊喜使我度过了最难忘的圣诞节。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，作者的父亲因为工作原因很少陪伴家人。当圣诞节将近，父亲打电话说圣诞节不能回家。家人都很失望。但是父亲在圣诞节这天回家了，给了家人最好的礼物。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。
41.【答案】(1)has
(2)resources
(3)an
(4)lost
(5)greenest
(6)and
(7)with
(8)Fortunately
(9)that/which
(10)rising
【解析】(1)句意：但美国有一亿多套现有住房，把它们全部拆除将是非常浪费的。此处描述客观事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语是专有名词the US，故谓语动词应为第三人称单数形式，故填has。
(2)句意：大量的能源和资源投入到这些房屋的建造中。resource是可数名词，前面有an enormous amount of“大量的”修饰，故用复数形式，故填resources。
(3)句意：一个新的节能房屋减少的碳排放平均需要65年才能弥补旧房屋被摧毁所造成的资源损失。an average of表示“平均”，average是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
(4)分析句子可知，设空处应为非谓语形式；逻辑主语resources与lose之间是被动关系，故用动词-ed形式作后置定语，故填lost。
(5)句意：所以从最广泛的意义上说，最环保的房子是已经建成的房子。结合语境可知，此处表示“最环保的房子是……”，故应用形容词的最高级形式，故填greenest。
(6)句意：但与此同时，美国近一半的碳排放来自供暖、制冷和建筑供电。heating, cooling和powering是并列关系，故应用连词and连接。故填and。
(7)句意：不处理现有建筑就无法应对气候变化。固定短语deal with意为“处理“，故填with。
(8)句意：幸运地是，有大量相对简单的改变可以使老房子变得环保。此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，fortunately意为“幸运地”，设空处位于句首，单词首字母需大写。故填Fortunately。
(9)分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词changes，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，因此应用that或which引导从句。故填that/which。
(10)句意：能效升级不仅可以拯救地球；它们可以帮助所有者免受电力成本上涨的影响。固定短语protect sb. from sth.表示“保护某人免受某物的伤害”，设空处应用形容词作定语，修饰power costs，形容词rising意为“上升的，上涨的”。故填rising。
42.【答案】Attention,please!I'm going to give you a sumary of today 's discussion about whether we should go on line in our spare time.（提出话题）
Many students think we can go on line as much as possible in our spare time because we are free then.【高分句型一】Through the Internet,we can gain plenty of the newest knowledge and the latest information at home and abroad.What's more,network offers us a convenient way to communicate with each other.The Internet makes our lives outside class colorful and various.（上网的好处）
On the other hand,a few students partly agree to this idea.Going on line is part of our daily life.【高分句型二】But they suggest a time limitThey' ve found that more students are playing computer games or chatting instead of studying their lessons or looking up materials.There are a few students who are often absent from school in order to go on line for fun.（上网的坏处）
Thank you!
【解析】高分句型一：Many students think we can go on line as much as possible in our spare time because we are free then.
翻译：许多学生认为我们可以在业余时间尽可能多地上网，因为那时我们有空。
分析：本句使用了because引导的原因状语从句。
高分句型二：Going on line is part of our daily life.
翻译：上网是我们日常生活的一部分。
分析：本句使用了动名词Going on line 作主语。
表格类作文写作要注意：1）不同文体的格式，避免"填表式"表达；2）灵活变通，避免"硬译式"，表达表格中的汉语提示简洁凝练，概括性强，表达时切忌逐字逐句翻译，要做灵活调整或进行补充；较为抽象、复杂的汉语提示应善于变通转换；3）衔接，避免"单句式"表达，使全文语篇通顺连贯。
43.【答案】Dear Xiao Wang,
I have received and read your letter,in which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by dieting.
（写信目的）
It is only natural that young girls at your age hope to look beautiful.【高分句型一】However,in my opinion,health is more important than beauty.（健康比漂亮更重要）For a student,studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is the second.So do not let others' opinions affect your normal life.（学生以学习为主，不要过于注重外貌和别人的看法）However,if you do want to lose weight,it is a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and changing unhealthy eating habits.（可通过多锻炼身体保持健康，要改变不良的饮食习惯）The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind,as it will help with your studies,and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.【高分句型二】（健康的心态也很重要）
I hope my advice will be helpful to you andI' m looking forward to your next letter.（表达希望）
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
It is only natural that young girls at your age hope to look beautiful.
翻译：你这个年纪的年轻女孩希望自己看起来漂亮是很自然的事。
分析：句子里，It作形式主语，代指that引导的主语从句young girls at your age hope to look beautiful。
高分句型二
The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind,as it will help with your studies,and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.
翻译：最重要的是你要保持健康的心态，因为这将有助于你的学习，也将帮助你克服节食的困难。
分析：句子里，that引导表语从句you keep a healthy state of mind；as引导原因状语从句it will help with your studies,and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting。
写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。
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