北师大版（2019） 必修 第三册Unit 8 Green living 能力提升（有解析）

Unit 8 Green Living
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Amity College is an English language training centre for adult learners, international students and employers in Wimbledon, South West London. We provide learners with English classes all year round.
Experienced & Qualified(有资格的) English Tutors
Our native English-speaking trainers are qualified and will provide lessons and study materials according to your needs. One-to-one, one-to-two and group learning choices are available, making it easy to study English on your own, with friends or with others.
Flexible, Various English Courses
At Amity College, we put our learners first. Lessons are conducted on weekdays during the morning, afternoon, or evening with 10 students per class at most, so plenty of personal attention is ensured.
General English This course is designed to improve your general English language level for use in everyday situations. Students are encouraged to participate in college events to improve their English.
English for Academic Purposes English for Academic Purposes is an English language course for speakers of other languages. The course is designed to bring English skills to a level that will help students be successful in college courses.
Business English This course is for business people who want to focus on effective communication skills. It will cover necessary business skills such as telephone language, English for business meetings, presentations and report writing.
English Conversation & Pronunciation Classes take place in small groups to allow as much speaking time as possible. Class exercises will be given according to your skill level and personal requirements.
… …
Convenient Location in Wimbledon
Our school is located in Wimbledon, less than five-minutes' walk from Wimbledon Train Station. In Wimbledon and the surrounding area there are many restaurants, pubs and historical places.
Wimbledon is about 15 minutes from Central London by train and is linked(连接) directly by bus to Kingston, South Wimbledon, West Wimbledon, New Malden, Tooting and Balham.
1. How many learning choices are offered
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
2. Which can help you prepare for college courses
A. General English.
B. English for Academic Purposes.
C. Business English.
D. English Conversation & Pronunciation.
3. How might a learner get to Wimbledon from New Malden
A. By train. B. By bus. C. By air. D. By boat.
B
Since being introduced to chess at the age of six, Tanitoluwa "Tani" Adewumi has had one goal. He wants to become the world's youngest-ever grandmaster—the highest title a chess player can achieve. The record is currently held by Russian chess player Sergey Alexandrovich Karjakin, who won the title in 2002 at the age of 12 years and 7 months.
On May 1, 2021, the now 10-year-old Tani came one step closer to achieving his dream by becoming America's newest national chess master. The title, awarded by the US Chess Federation, requires players to get a rating of between 2200 to 2400. The boy, who practices for up to 11 hours every day after school, says the secret to his success is thinking of his plays ahead of time. Tani told NPR, "In a normal position, I can do up to 20 moves in advance."
The now fifth-grader fell in love with chess in 2017 after being taught the basics by a part-time teacher at his elementary school in Manhattan, New York. However, his mother couldn't make up her mind to allow him to join the school's chess club due to the travel and chess competition costs. The family of four were living in a homeless shelter and did not have extra funds to spare.
When his mother explained the family's situation to the chess club's instructor, Russell Makofsky, he immediately waived(免除) all costs for the young boy. Tani did not disappoint. Less than a year after joining the club, he had won seven awards. In 2019, the then eight-year-old, who was still living in a homeless shelter, made national headlines when he beat 73 competitors to win the New York State K-3 scholastic championship. His moving story went viral and a GoFundMe campaign(活动), set up by Makofsky, helped raise enough funds for Tani and his family to move into a new house.
4. What's the main factor in Tani's success in his own opinion
A. Practicing chess for a long time every day.
B. Learning from national chess masters.
C. Thinking twice before making a move.
D. Setting up a role model for himself.
5. How did Tani's mother feel about his entering into the chess club at first
A. Proud. B. Hesitant. C. Scared. D. Unbelievable.
6. What can we infer about Russell Makofsky
A. He managed to post Tani's story online.
B. He helped improve Tani's living conditions.
C. He became famous after Tani's winning awards.
D. He was disappointed at Tani's performance at first.
7. Which words can best describe Tani
A. Independent and helpful. B. Talented and hard-working.
C. Kind-hearted and grateful. D. Curious and creative.
C
A solar-powered car that can be charged as it drives is being tested in Germany. Munich-based producer Sono Motors has built the new type, named Sion, and will likely help the European company hit its national goal of 1 million electric cars on the road.
Sono Motors which was founded in 2016 wants to achieve great development in the electric car market. It is on its way to beginning production of one of the first affordable electric cars—the Sion.
The Sion has a total of 248 solar cells built into the vehicle, which enable. the vehicle to recharge its battery when sunlight is hitting the solar cells, whether it is on the road, or parked in the sunny spot in a car park. Sono Motors has also included support for traditional power outlets(电源插座)—so car owners aren't left on cloudy days.
The Sion also uses moss(苔藓) fixed into the dashboard to naturally change the wetness inside the car. The solar panel-packed vehicle is set to put into the market in Germany before long.
Sono Motors wants the Sion to be universal and hopes to allow the car to be charged using solar energy as well as traditional outlets. Some 8,800 people have already placed orders for the electric vehicle. Prices for the Sion tend to start from?16,000 next year. The all-electric vehicle will offer a range of up to 305 km before the battery runs out completely and it needs to recharge by either solar power or using a wall outlet, the company said.
The Sion was designed originally as an environmentally friendly car. It will also be designed around comfort to help it compete with other modern vehicles. "We have a seat heater and there is air conditioning and a large infotainment(资讯娱乐节目) system where I can also connect my phone interactively, which means I really have a vehicle which is very simple and has no decoration," Laurin Hahn, co-founder and CEO of the company told Reuters.
8. Why can the Sion continue to work even on a cloudy day
A. It has 248 solar cells working.
B. It can use traditional power outlets.
C. It can be recharged wherever it stops.
D. It stores lots of energy ahead of time.
9. Why is the moss used in the Sion
A. To decorate the car. B. To keep the air fresh.
C. To control the wetness. D. To change the temperature.
10. What can we know about the Sion from Laurin Hahn's words
A. It is nicely decorated. B. It is expected to be cheaper.
C. It has many unique functions. D. It needs to be further improved.
11. What's the best title of the text
A. The first electric cars put into the market
B. New solar-powered cars developed in Germany
C. Sono Motors contributing to environmental protection
D. The solar-powered cars taking the place of traditional cars
D
When you throw something in the recycling bin, do you think about what it could become And when you do, does it make you more likely to use that recycling bin Recently, a study was conducted in an effort to decide whether or not explaining to people what their recyclables are transformed(使改观) into would help increase recycling rates.
The researchers started with a group of 111 college students, asked to draw on paper before watching one of three ads. One was a public service message that showed paper going into recycling bins. The other two also showed the paper either being transformed into new paper or a guitar. After completing a survey, the students were asked to deal with the paper when they left. Half of those who saw the first ad recycled their paper, while the recycling rate jumped to 80% for those who'd seen the other ads.
After doing a few more lab experiments, the researchers headed into the real world. At a party, volunteers spoke with attendees(出席者) about recycling, with half mentioning transformed products and half keeping it general. They discovered the subject of the talks came into play. After the game, the recycling and trash bags were weighed. Those who received a message recycled over half of their waste, while those who did not recycled less than a fifth.
All this is to say that details matter. People want to know what treasures their trash can become, and when that's laid out clearly, they're more likely to do it. Perhaps recycling companies should redesign signs to describe the items(一件商品) being created. Recycling is far from a perfect solution, but it doesn't hurt to manage to improve its rates.
12. What contributes to the higher recycling rate
A. Telling people to throw litter into bins.
B. Reminding people of recycling's benefits.
C. Making recycling standards much clearer.
D. Describing the method of paper recycling.
13. What does the underlined part "came into play" in paragraph 3 mean
A. Took off. B. Broke down. C. Sprung to mind. D. Had an effect.
14. What does the author advise recycling companies to do
A. Find perfect ways of recycling. B. Examine the details of items.
C. Show the sources of products. D. Sign the names on the items.
15. Where is the text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A magazine.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study. (1) . But did you know these things are related to each other through the food chain Every part of nature belongs to a community where each member uses the lower members to stay alive.
Every part of the world has food chains, including the oceans and the deserts. (2) , the whole chain could fall apart. The food chain is most disturbed by people because we build neighborhoods on the land where animals live and we pollute the environment. Both these actions make it difficult for other living things to survive. Still there is a lot we can do to protect the parts of food chains. Here are some ideas that can help:
(3) . Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees. And, most of all, try not to disturb the places where other animals live.
Do not pollute the environment. Recycle the material. (4) . Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe.
Keep learning about and respecting plants, animals, and the environment. (5) . You may even pass it on to your own children someday. It's important that as many people as possible protect nature and keep the food chain whole.
A. Share your space
B. If you ever want to see it
C. But if one part is taken away
D. We depend on each other for food and survival
E. Ride your bike or walk to places that you need to go
F. You can then pass this information on to your parents and friends
G. Maybe you hear birds singing or see your pet cat sleeping in the sun
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
I went to my friend Vera's house on a Thursday evening when I began experiencing stomach pain. I thought it would be fine the next day; however, that was not the (21) . I woke up with even more pain than I had (22) . I was unwilling to go to the doctor, but after a lot of pressure from my friend—Vera and her family, I (23) to see the doctor.
After many (24) , it was confirmed—it was appendicitis. The doctor said I had to have an operation and (25) it for the next morning. My mind was flooded with so many questions. How long would I be out of (26) How much would it all cost Would I be (27) for the surgery If not, what if I couldn't wake up
Vera's mom gave me the (28) to my never-ending questions. She said, "Why are you so bothered about the wrong things This is your life! You can worry about anything, but what if it is too (29) to treat you What will you worry about then " I finally had my surgery the next morning and it turned out to be (30) .
I was in bed resting for a little over a week. I (31) not to take life for granted. In that week, I found myself (32) my free time—not having to work, just relax. Sometimes it's good to take some time off from our daily routines. We shouldn't wait till something (33) us to. Take time out of this (34) moving world to stop and enjoy the wonders of (35) . Enjoy the beautiful people and things around us.
21. A. problem B. reason C. point D. case
22. A. caused B. planned C. expected D. discovered
23. A. determined B. aimed C. begged D. afforded
24. A. tests B. surveys C. discussions D. experiments
25. A. challenged B. scheduled C. tried D. studied
26. A. control B. date C. work D. order
27. A. alone B. afraid C. awake D. alive
28. A. answer B. access C. attitude D. limit
29. A. cheap B. hard C. late D. soon
30. A. harmful B. successful C. painful D. meaningful
31. A. happened B. pretended C. preferred D. learned
32. A. imagining B. using C. spending D. appreciating
33. A. advises B. forces C. wishes D. reminds
34. A. regularly B. quickly C. gradually D. obviously
35. A. life B. kindness C. desire D. nature
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. I woke up and looked through the window. The sun was shining in a bright blue sky so I decided to visit Ngoring Lake. Ngoring Lake, located in Maduo, Qinghai, (1) (cover) by ice for most of the year. When I was on my way to the lake, I was very happy with my (2) (decide).
When I got out of the car to enjoy the landscape, the cold surprised me. Despite the sun, the (3) (condition) didn't seem liveable. In front of my eyes, (4) solid mass of ice spread until the eye couldn't see. The wind (5) (come) over the ice was bearable even at this altitude(海拔) of almost 4,500 metres.
When I walked to the edge of the lake, (6) the Yellow River flows into the landscape, I saw a small stretch of water, (7) (grateful) used by a lot of birds.
As we (8) (drive) on the dirt road around the lake, up to hills with wonderful views over the enormous(巨大的) ice surface, I wondered how long (9) would take to actually melt. It was not easy to imagine that millions of people downstream would use the water from this region (10) (survive).
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共50.0分）
37. 假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，在世界环境日（6月5日）到来之际，请你代表学生会向全校学生发出倡议，要点如下：
(1)环境现状；
(2)具体措施；
(3)发出倡议。
注意：
(1)词数80左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear schoolmates,
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
The Students' Union
38. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
You've heard it over and over again: Diet and exercise are the keys to a healthy weight. As it turns out, though, one is far more important than the other. If you want to drop pounds, paying attention to food is your best bet. It's also one of the things doctors wish you knew about losing weight.
Although exercise at the gym can burn fat and calories off, people who only change their diets lose more weight than those who only increase physical activity, according to a report in the journal Systematic Reviews. In fact, another study in the journal PeerJ found that over three years, people who got 30 minutes or more of physical activity a day actually had higher rates of weight gain than those who exercised less. So why isn't gym time the miracle weight-loss machine we've been led to believe
Basically, it's easier to avoid calories in the first place than to try to burn them off. Eating up a 100-calorie cookie is one thing, but it would take hours at the gym to negate (使无效) 1,200 calories from a burger and fries. Working on a 30-minute workout program is easily enough, but turning your entire eating plan on its head is not so much.
If you don't pay attention to portion (一份) sizes, you might eat more after you start a new workout plan. Not only will your desire for food increase naturally from the energy burn, but you might also slack off (松懈) on healthy food choices. Half an hour on the treadmill might cut down 300 calories, but just one slice of cake could totally negate that hard work.
You might have heard that muscle weighs more than fat. That's true, but it doesn't mean you should think the bigger number on the scale is all muscle. "That's a few pounds, not 20 or 30 pounds," say experts. "It's not an excuse for the weight gain." If you've been exercising without results, your diet is probably responsible for it.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Amity College的师资力量、课程设置和地理位置。
根据Experienced & Qualified(有资格的) English Tutors中的One-to-one, one-to-two and group learning choices are available可知，有三种上课模式。故选C。
2. 根据表格内English for Academic Purposes部分中的The course is designed to bring...in college courses可知，English for Academic Purposes课程可以帮助学生在大学课程中获得成功。故选B。
3. 根据Convenient Location in Wimbledon中的Wimbledon... is linked(连接) directly by bus to Kingston, South Wimbledon, West Wimbledon, New Malden, Tooting and Balham可知，从New Malden到Wimbledon，坐公交车即可。故选B。
4~7.【答案】C、B、B、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一位国际象棋少年的成才之路。他六岁开始下国际象棋，十岁就获得了不起的成绩。
根据第二段中的The boy...says the secret to his success is thinking of his plays ahead of time和In a normal position, I can do up to 20 moves in advance可知，Tani认为他成功的主要因素就是对自己下的每一步棋三思而行，故选C。
2. 根据第三段中的However, his mother couldn't make up her mind to allow him to join the school's chess club due to the travel and chess competition costs可知，由于差旅费和国际象棋比赛的费用，Tani的母亲对于让他加入学校的国际象棋俱乐部的事情犹豫不决。故选B。
3. 根据最后一段中的a GoFundMe campaign(活动), set up by Makofsky, helped raise enough funds for Tani and his family to move into a new house可知，Russell Makofsky发起了GoFundMe活动，帮助Tani和他的家人筹集了足够的资金，让他们搬进了新房子。故选B。
4. 本文主要讲述了一位国际象棋少年的成才之路。他六岁开始下国际象棋，十岁就获得了不起的成绩。再根据文中的practices for up to 11 hours every day after school等信息可知，Tani既有天赋又努力，故选B。
8~11.【答案】B、C、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了德国生产的一款太阳能汽车，这款太阳能汽车不久将在德国上市。
根据第三段中的Sono Motors has also included support for traditional power outlets(电源插座)—so car owners aren't left on cloudy days可知，因为这款车支持传统的电源插座，所以即使在阴天，这款车也可以继续工作。故选B。
2. 根据第四段中的The Sion also...to naturally change the wetness inside the car可知，苔藓可以改变车内的湿度。故选C。
3. 根据最后一段中的We have a seat heater and there is air conditioning...which is very simple and has no decoration可知，这款车有很多独特的功能。故选C。
4. 文章主要介绍了德国生产的一款太阳能汽车，这款太阳能汽车不久将在德国上市，所以B项最适合作本文的标题。故选B。
12~15.【答案】B、D、C、D
【解析】1. 【文章大意】最近的一项研究表明：告诉人们垃圾回收后去向何处会提高人们的回收意识。
根据第二段中的asked to draw on paper before watching one of three ads...Half of those who saw the first ad recycled their paper, while the recycling rate jumped to 80% for those who'd seen the other ads.可知，看过第一个广告的学生中有一半回收利用了自己的纸，但是在看过后两个广告的学生中回收利用率达到了80%。由此可推知，通过提醒人们纸回收利用后变成了新的纸或吉他，回收利用率提高了，故选B。
2. 根据画线短语后的After the game, the recycling and trash bags were weighed. Those who received a message recycled over half of their waste, while those who did not recycled less than a fifth可知，接收到信息的人回收利用了超过一半的垃圾，但未接收到信息的人回收利用的垃圾不到五分之一，由此可推知，研究人员发现谈话的主题起到了作用。故选D。
3. 根据最后一段中的Perhaps recycling companies should redesign signs to describe the items(一件商品) being created可知，回收公司应该重新设计标签来描述商品是如何被制造出来的，由此可推知，展示商品的来源将会提高回收率。故选C。
4. 根据第一段中的Recently, a study was conducted in an effort to decide...help increase recycling rates及下文的内容可知，文章介绍了一个如何提高垃圾回收率的研究。故本文最可能出现在杂志中。故选D。
16~20.【答案】G、C、A、E、F
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了保护生态平衡的重要性以及方法。
根据空前的Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study可知，在后院，你可以近距离的接触动植物，可以做很多的事，G项“也许你可以听到鸟在唱歌或者看见宠物猫在太阳下睡觉”承接上文，是在后院接触动物的例子。故选G。
2. 根据空前的Every part of the world has food chains可知，上文讲世界上的每一个地方都有食物链，结合空后的the whole chain could fall apart可知，下文讲在某种情况下导致的坏结果，那么空处应该是条件或者假设。C项“但是，如果（食物链中的）一部分缺失了”符合语境。故选C。
3. 空处是本段的主旨句。根据空后的Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy...try not to disturb the places where other animals live可知，让你的后院成为其他生物可以享有的地方，你不要干扰它们的生活，A项“共享你的空间”可以概括本段主旨。故选A。
4. 根据空前的Do not pollute the environment和空后的Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe可知，上文作者建议不要污染环境，下文讲汽车少对环境的好处，E项“骑自行车或者走路去你需要去的地方”承上启下。故选E。
5. 根据空前的Keep learning about and respecting plants, animals, and the environment和空后的You may even pass it on to your own children someday可知，正确的观念（即不断学习并尊重植物、动物和环境）需要传承。F项“那么你可以将这个信息传递给父母和朋友”与上文相呼应，且F项中的You can then pass...和下文中的You may even pass...句式相同。故选F。
21~35.【答案】D、C、A、A、B、C、C、A、C、B、D、D、B、B、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】在快节奏的现代生活中，我们几乎一刻不停地忙着自己的工作，并且认为生活给我们的一切都是理所当然的。本文讲述了作者在经历了一次突发的阑尾炎后，才明白一个道理：我们要学会在忙碌中停下脚步，去欣赏身边美丽的人和事。
句意：我以为第二天会很好；然而，事实并非如此。A.problem问题，难题；B.reason原因；C.point重点；D.case具体情况。根据下文中的I woke up with even more pain可知，第二天作者感觉疼痛更剧烈了，所以情况（case）不是原来作者想的（第二天就好了）那样，故选D。
2. 句意：我醒来时比我想象的还要痛。A.caused引起；B.planned计划；C.expected预料，期望；D.discovered发现。根据上文中的I thought it would be fine the next day可知，作者本来以为第二天就没事了，结果比她预料（expected）的更疼，故选C。
3. 句意：我决心去看医生。A.determined决定；B.aimed力争做到；C.begged恳求；D.afforded（有时间）做。根据上文中的I was unwilling to go to the doctor, but after a lot of pressure from my friend—Vera and her family及下文中的The doctor said I had to have an operation可知，在朋友和朋友家人的劝说下，作者决定去看医生了。故选A。
4. 句意：经过多次检查，确诊为阑尾炎。A.tests检验，检查；B.surveys调查；C.discussions讨论；D.experiments试验，实验。根据下文中的it was confirmed—it was appendicitis可知，经过许多检查（tests）之后，作者被确诊得了阑尾炎。故选A。
5. 句意：医生说我得动手术，并把手术安排在第二天早上。A.challenged质疑；B.scheduled安排，预定；C.tried努力，尝试；D.studied研究，学习。根据下文中的I finally had my surgery the next morning可知，手术被安排在第二天。故选B。
6. 句意：我要失业多久？A.control控制；B.date日期；C.work工作；D.order顺序。根据下文中的not having to work, just relax可知，作者担心失业。故选C。
7. 句意：我会醒着去做手术吗？A.alone独自的；B.afraid害怕的；C.awake醒着的；D.alive活着的。根据下文中的If not, what if I couldn't wake up 可知，作者担心自己手术中是否为醒着（awake）的状态以及手术后能不能醒来。故选C。
8. 句意：Vera的妈妈给了我无尽问题的答案。A.answer回答；B.access机会，权利；C.attitude态度；D.limit限制。根据下文中的to my never-ending questions可知，对于作者没完没了的问题，Vera的母亲给出了回答（answer）。故选Ａ。
9. 句意：你可以担心任何事情，但如果已经来不及治疗你怎么办？A.cheap便宜的；B.hard艰难的；C.late迟到的；D.soon很快的。根据上文中的Why are you so bothered about the wrong things 和下文中的What will you worry about then 可知，作者为错误的事情感到烦恼，Vera的母亲问作者如果到时候来不及治疗，那时候会担心什么。故选C。
10. 句意：第二天早上我终于做了手术，结果很成功。A.harmful有害的；B.successful成功的；C.painful令人痛苦的；D.meaningful重要的。根据最后一段中的I was in bed resting for a little over a week可知，作者休息了一周多的时间，故作者的手术成功（successful）了。故选B。
11. 句意：我学会了不把生命视为理所当然。A.happened发生；B.pretended假装；C.preferred宁愿；D.learned学会。根据上文内容和下文中的not to take life for granted可知，经过这件事，作者学会了（learned）不再把生命看成是理所当然的事情。故选D。
12. 句意：在那一周，我发现我自己重视我的空闲时间了。A.imagining想象；B.using使用；C.spending花费；D.appreciating重视。根据下文中的Enjoy the beautiful people and things around us可知，作者开始重视（appreciating）空闲时间了。故选D。
13. 句意：我们不应该等事情逼着我们去做。A.advises建议；B.forces迫使；C.wishes希望；D.reminds提醒。结合上文内容可知，作者直到生病才被迫停下来享受生活，所以我们不要等某些事情来迫使（forces）我们放松。故选B。
14. 句意：从这个瞬息万变的世界中抽出时间，停下脚步，享受生命的奇迹。A.regularly有规律地；B.quickly快速地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.obviously明显地。结合上文中的Sometimes it's good to take some time off from our daily routines可知，我们需要在这个快速变化的世界中抽出一些时间。故选B。
15. 句意同上。A.life生命；B.kindness善良；C.desire欲望；D.nature自然。根据最后一段中的Enjoy the beautiful people and things around us可知，我们要抽出时间停下来，享受生命（life）的奇迹，欣赏我们身边美丽的人和事。上文中的not to take life for granted也是提示。故选A。
36.【答案】【小题1】
is covered
【小题2】
decision
【小题3】
conditions
【小题4】
a
【小题5】
coming
【小题6】
where
【小题7】
gratefully
【小题8】
drove
【小题9】
it
【小题10】
to survive
【解析】1. 考查动词的时态和语态。此处表述客观事实，应用一般现在时；Ngoring Lake与cover之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填is covered。
2. 考查词形转换。根据句意及空前的my可知，此处应用名词，故填decision。
3. 考查名词复数。condition作“环境”讲时常用复数形式，故填conditions。
4. 考查冠词。a mass of意为“大量，许多”，solid的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
5. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，The wind与come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式，故填coming。
6. 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
7. 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，意为“感激地”，故填gratefully。
8. 考查动词的时态。根据全文语境可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填drove。
9. 考查代词。It takes (took) some time to do sth.意为“花费多长时间做某事”，为固定用法，其中it为形式主语，故填it。
10. 考查非谓语动词。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，为固定用法，故填to survive。
37.【答案】Dear schoolmates,
In the last several decades, our earth has been severely polluted and global warming has led to extreme weather. All of these warn us that protecting the environment is becoming urgent.
As students, we can do our part in environmental protection by leading a low-carbon life. We had better use less water and electricity. When going out, we can take buses or ride bikes. Besides, we are supposed to cut down on the use of natural resources and try to use more recycled products.
It's our duty to make the earth better. Let's take action now.
The Students' Union
【解析】略【思路点拨】
本文是按要求写倡议书，属于应用文写作。写作时，应注意所有的要点内容表达完整，内容应包括：在世界环境日（6月5日）到来之际，你代表学生会向全校学生发出保护环境的倡议。可分步呈现：第一段应描述环境的现状；第二段写出保护环境的具体措施和倡议；第三段呼吁大家行动起来。文章以第一人称和一般现在时为主，注意连接词的使用，使文章更加连贯。
【亮点词汇】
①lead to导致
②environmental protection环境保护
③be supposed to应该
【高分句型】
All of these warn us that protecting the environment is becoming urgent.（that引导的宾语从句）
【结构布局】
引言：描述现状；
中心：提出具体措施；
结尾：发出呼吁。
【拓展词汇】
①call on呼吁，号召
②be responsible for/take responsibility for对……负责
③be of great importance很重要
④in face of面对
⑤take measures/steps/action采取措施
【拓展句型】
①At the same time, we should realize that there are some problems caused by sth.与此同时，我们应该意识到存在一些由某事引起的问题。
②There is no doubt that such behavior is dangerous.毫无疑问这种行为是危险的。
③Confronted with ..., we should take a series of effective measure to do sth.面对……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……
38.【答案】 When it comes to weight loss, diet is more important than exercise, which has been confirmed by some previously-published study reports.(要点1) First, to avoid calories is easier than to try to burn them off.(要点2) Besides, exercise can increase our desire for food, resulting in eating more.(要点3) Therefore, when you've been exercising without results, you should probably look for reasons in your diet.(要点4)
【解析】【思路点拨】
【解题思路】
本文是一篇说明文的概要写作。文章介绍了减肥中饮食的重要性。首先定位每一段的段落要点，其次运用一些高级表达将段落要点句进行改写，然后考虑从文章结构和要点间的关系的角度确定衔接词，最后用衔接词将段落要点改写句连接起来。
【要点分析】
要点1：该段主要讲述减肥中饮食比锻炼更重要，主题句为As it turns out, though, one is far more important than the other。
要点2：该段主要讲述从一开始就避免摄入热量比燃烧它们要容易得多，主题句为Basically, it's easier to avoid calories in the first place than to try to burn them off。
要点3：该段主要讲述运动能增加我们对食物的欲望，主题句为If you don't pay...start a new workout plan。
要点4：该段主要讲述锻炼没有效果时，你可能应该从你的饮食中寻找原因，主题句为If you've been exercising without results, your diet is probably responsible for it。
【结构衔接】
要点2、3为并列关系，可用衔接词besides，furthermore等。
【亮点短语】
1.When it comes to当说到……
2.result in导致
【高分句型】
When it comes to weight loss, diet is more important than exercise, which has been confirmed by some previously-published study reports. （when引导的时间状语从句；which引导的非限制性定语从句）
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