2023届高三英语晚自习限时训练（有答案）
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-30 08:13:31 | ||
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2023届高三英语晚自习限时训练
一、阅读理解
（一）
Are you crazy about something cool and delicious Why not reach for one of the frozen treats around the world
Parfait
A favorite in France is the parfait, which means “perfect”. This partly frozen dessert is made with egg yolks, sugar, whipped cream and often flavored syrup(糖浆). It is then served in a tall glass usually with ice cream and fruit in layers.
Turkish mastic ice cream(dondurma)
Like other kinds of ice cream, dondurma is made with milk and sugar. Thickening agents and flour are also added. These ingredients make the dessert so chewy that it’s usually eaten with a knife and fork!
Mango shaved ice
When mangoes are in season, it’s time for a summer favorite: mango shaved ice. For this delicious treat, shaved ice is covered with fresh mango cubes and milk. Some shops top it off with a scoop of ice cream.
Italian gelato
Many people consider gelato the best ice cream in the world. It’s made with a lower percentage of fat than regular ice cream and churned(搅拌) more slowly. This produces less air and gives gelato a richer quality. It’s often made with fruit flavors.
La Dame Blanche
This simple yet pretty dessert is from Belgium, a place known for its chocolate. The treat consists of vanilla ice cream and whipped cream, topped with chocolate sauce.
1. Which of the following treats is difficult to chew
A．Parfait. B．La Dame Blanche. C．Mango shaved ice. D．Turkish mastic ice cream.
2. Where can you taste the treat with chocolate sauce
A．France. B．Turkey. C．Belgium. D．Italy.
3. What makes gelato the best ice cream
A．Its shape. B．Its quality. C．The fruits it uses. D．The procedure it is made.
（二）
Imagine being able to pop to your local park and pick some tomatoes, potatoes or even bananas to take home for dinner. Sounds too good to be true, right For residents of Andernach, German, it’s not just a dream—it’s their reality.
In 2010, Andernach began its edible(可食用的)city project, planting 101 varieties of tomatoes in public green spaces around the city centre. Its 30,000 residents are free to help themselves to whatever grows, as are any other visitors. The town’s motto of sorts is “Picking is encouraged—help yourself!” Every year a new type of plant is highlighted. In 2011, 100 types of beans were planted, while 2012saw the introduction of 20 onion varieties.
It’s a community effort, as local citizens are encouraged to help plant and maintain the gardens. This offers an opportunity to socialise as well as to learn about planting, cultivating and harvesting food.
An Andernach resident spoke to DW,“I often drop by to pick some herbs that I’m missing at home. Everything is easily accessible. There aren’t any fences. You just take what you need. The only thing is that you have to be quick once the fruits are ripe or they’ll all be gone!”
Andernach may have been the first in German, but it isn’t the only edible city. It’s part of the Edible Cities Network, a project funded by European Union to connect green urban foot initiatives around the world. Other cities include Carthage in Tunisia, Havana in Cuba and Sempeter-Vrtojba in Slovenia. In February 2022, the first Edible Cities Network Conference took place. Dr Ina Saumel, principal investigator of the Edible Cities Network, called it “a unique opportunity to invite researchers of edible city solutions and practitioners to the same table.”
Ultimately, the Edible Cities Network aims to give people “greener, more edible and, above all, more livable cities.” It is a response to the pressures of global climate change, and a significant cause full of hope.；
4. What can residents do in public green spaces according to the edible city project
A．Sell the produce they grow there.
B．Learn knowledge about planting.
C．Grow whatever plant as they like.
D．Pay to pick some vegetables there.；
5. Which words can best describe the edible city project in Andernach
A．Novel and popular. B．Creative and costly.
C．Common and fundamental. D．Rare and unacceptable.；
6. What can we know about the Edible Cities Network from Dr Ina Saumel’s words
A．Andernach is the only city to carry it out.
B．European Union originally established it.
C．It helps combine theories with practices.
D．It invites people to share meals together.；
7. What is the purpose of the Edible Cities Network
A．To help residents relieve their pressure.
B．To involve residents in urban planting.
C．To increase the produce supply in cities.
D．To create environmentally friendly cities.
（三）
The kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of students, on my way to work these mornings. They have become a familiar part of the summer landscape.
These kids are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once monitored by teachers and principals, they now appear to be “self care”.
Passing them is like passing through a time zone. For much of our history, after all, Americans arranged the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th-century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops. Now, three-quarters of the mothers of school-age children work, but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus.
The six-hour day, the 180-day school year is regarded as something holy. But when parents work an eight-bour day and a 240-day year, it means something different. It means that many kids go home to empty houses. It means that, in the summer, they hang out.
“We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and realities of family life,” says Dr. Ernest Boyer, head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Dr. Boyer is one of many who believe that a radical revision of the school calendar is inevitable. “School, whether we like it or not, is educational. It always has been.”
His is not a popular idea. Schools are routinely burdened with the job of solving all our social problems. Can they be asked to meet the needs of our work and family lives
It may be easier to promote a longer school year on its educational merits and, indeed, the educational case is convincing. Despite the complaints and studies about our kids lack of learning, the United State still has a shorter school year than any industrial nation. In most of Europe, the school year is 220 days. in Japan, it is 240 days long. While classroom time alone doesn’t produce a well-educated child, learning takes time and more learning takes more time. The long summers of forgetting take a toll.
The opposition to a longer school year comes from families that want to and can provide other experiences for their children. It comes from teachers. It comes from tradition. And surely from kids. But the most important part of the conflict has been over the money.；
8. The current American school calendar was developed in the 19th century according to .
A．the growing season on nation’s farm
B．the labor demands of the industrial age
C．teachers’ demands for more vacation time
D．parents’ demands for other experiences for their kids；
9. Why is Dr. Boyer’s idea unpopular
A．He thinks that school year and family life should be considered separately
B．He argues for the role of school in solving social problems.
C．He strongly believes in the educational role of school.
D．He supports the current school calendar.；
10. “The long summers of forgetting take a toll” in the last paragraph but one means that .
A．long summer vacation changes the way of learning
B．long summer vacation has been abandoned in Europe
C．long summers result in less learning time
D．long summers are a result of tradition；
11. The author thinks that the current school calendar .
A．is still appropriate B．is out of date
C．is inevitable D．cannot be revised
二、七选五阅读
With jeweled pins in her hair, a sweeping red silk robe(袍子)dropped over her gauze(薄纱)sleeves, and a long-layered skirt, Beijinger Xin Nan looks like she’s just stepped out of a dynasty hundreds of years in the past. She’s not even on a movie set. 12
Xin Nan is wearing Hanfu or Han clothing， which has traditionally been the dress choice for a few aficionados(爱好者)on important Chinese holidays such as the Mid-Autumn Festival and Lunar New Year. But these days, the Hanfu movement has grown to become a subculture seeking to revitalize(使……复苏)pre-Qing Dynasty(1644-1911)clothing. 13 , finding its way onto the New York and Paris Fashion Week runways and featuring in Vogue magazine.
14 . It’s estimated that China now has over three and a half million Hanfu enthusiasts. Today, walk down any street of any major Chinese city or visit a park, and it's not uncommon to see a group of girls in these elegant flowing robes taking selfies.
15 . The number of Hanfu merchants on the e-commerce platform Taobao grew threefold between 2015 and 2019. According to a report by iMedia, in 2019, Hanfu sales in China were worth 4.52 billion yuan($695 million).
Despite COVID-19 restrictions, Hanfu festivals have been flourishing, which is keeping Xin Nan busy. Last October, she took part in Beijing’s Jingyun Hanfu festival, and this coming May, she’ll be a judge at Chongqing’s first-ever Hanfu festival.
To Xin Nan, 16 ; rather, it’s a way of life. “I think Hanfu has a special charm. When I’m wearing it, I feel I’ve returned to that dynasty,” she said. She explained that it inspires her with a sense of elegance and grace. “The moment I put on Hanfu, that’s how I'll behave.”
A．Hanfu is more than just a style of dress.
B．The past few years have even seen Hanfu gain a degree of global recognition.
C．Instead, she’s simply part of a fashion revival that’s sweeping China.
D．Over the past few years, more and more people have been walking in the street wearing Hanfu.
E．Hanfu is the symbol of authentic Chinese culture.
F．Hanfu’s growing popularity is reflected in the expansion of the associated business.
G．Hanfu’s entry into modern life has been inspired by the popularity of historical dramas.
三、完型填空
President Obama’s second Inaugural Address used soaring language to stress America’s commitment to the dream of equality of opportunity: ‘We are true to our belief that a little girl born into 17 knows that she has the same chance to succeed as anybody else, because she is an American’.
The gap between ideal and reality could hardly be 18 . Today, the United States has less equality of opportunity than almost any other advanced industrial country. Study after study has 19 the myth that America is a land of opportunity. A way of looking at equality of opportunity is to as to what extent the life chances of a child are 20 the education and income of his parents. Is it just as likely that a child of poor or poorly educated parents gets a good education and rises to the middle class as someone born to middle-class parents with college degrees Even in a more democratic society. the answer would be no.
How do we explain this Some of it has to do with discrimination （歧视）. Latinos and African-Americans still get paid less than whites, and women still get paid less than men, 21 they recently surpassed （超越）men in the number of advanced degrees they obtain. Discrimination, however, is only a small part of the 22 . Probably the most important reason for 23 of equality of opportunity is education. After World WarⅡ, we made a major effort to 24 higher education to Americans across the country. But then we changed, in several ways. While racial segregation（种族隔离）decreased, economic segregation increased. After 1980, the poor grew poorer, the middle stagnated（停滞不前）, and the top did better and better. A result was a widening gap in educational performance – the 25 gap between rich and poor kids born in 2001 was 30 to 40 percent larger than it was for those born 25 years earlier, a Stanford sociologist found. Of course, there are other forces 26 . Children in rich families get more exposure to reading. Their families can afford enriching experiences like music lessons and summer camp. They get better nutrition and health care, which enhance their learning, directly and indirectly.
Now Americans are coming to realize that without extensive policy changes, their long cherished belief is only a myth. It is unreasonable that a rich country like the United States has made 27 to higher education so difficult for those at the bottom and middle. There are many 28 ways of providing chances for more to receive higher education, from Australia’s income-contingent loan program to the near-free system of universities in Europe. A more educated population produces greater innovation, and a booming economy. Those benefits are why we’ve long been 29 to free public education through 12th grade. But while a 12th-grade education might have been enough a century ago, it isn’t today. Yet we haven’t 30 our system to contemporary realities.
The steps I’ve outlined are not just affordable but necessary. Even more important, though, is that we cannot afford to let our country drift farther from 31 that the vast majority of Americans share. We will never fully succeed in achieving Mr. Obama’s vision of a poor girl’s having exactly the same opportunities as a wealthy girl. But we could do much, much better, and must not rest until we do.
17. A．prejudice B．inferior C．poverty D．minority
18. A．narrower B．wider C．severer D．closer
19. A．conducted B．concluded C．excluded D．exposed
20. A．distinct from B．feasible by C．superior to D．dependent on
21. A．even though B．as though C．only if D．as if
22. A．photograph B．picture C．atmosphere D．condition
23. A．lack B．leak C．explosion D．extinction
24. A．exhibit B．explore C．extend D．exploit
25. A．contribution B．satisfaction C．achievement D．ambition
26. A．at play B．under control C．in use D．on show
27. A．devotion B．familiarity C．application D．access
28. A．imaginative B．alternative C．sensitive D．productive
29. A．admitted B．permitted C．devoted D．limited
30. A．abandoned B．adjusted C．altered D．applied
31. A．memories B．glory C．reality D．ideals
四、语法填空
Directions：After reading the passages below fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we 32 (threaten) their ability to do so. The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than 33 absorb.
Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap—but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable “carbon sinks” long into the future 34 require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now. California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.
The state's proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts 35 (thin) out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, 36 (restore) the forest's capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off (抵挡) insects. The landscape is considered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees 37 (consume).
The need 38 such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 20l0, drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone，and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.
California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030—financed from the proceeds of the state's emissions-permit auctions. That's only 39 small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.
State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, 40 traditionally they've focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. Califomia's plan, 41 is expected to be finalized by the governor next year, should serve as a model.
五、应用文写作
42. 你校上周举行了以Swap Now为主题的一次闲置物品交换活动。请你就此给英文报社写一篇通讯稿。内容包括：
1、活动时间、地点；
2、活动过程；
3、活动意义。
注意：1、词数80左右;
2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考答案
第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页
第 1 页，共 8 页
1. D；
2. C；
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. C
7. D
8. A
9. C
10. C
11. B
12. C；
13. B；
14. D；
15. F；
16. A
17. C；
18. A；
19. D；
20. D；
21. A；
22. D；
23. A；
24. C；
25. C；
26. A；
27. D；
28. B；
29. C；
30. B；
31. D
32. are threatening；
33. they；
34. may；
35. to thin；
36. restoring；
37. are consumed；
38. for；
39. a；
40. but；
41. which
42. A possible version
An activity called Swap Now was held in the stadium of our school last Friday to efficiently deal with old items or those not in use.
Both teachers and students who had signed up took an active part and brought things they didn’t need or use anymore. They introduced their items and communicated with those who wanted them. The value of unused things was enhanced through the activity.
Swap Now turned out a success, creating a fashion of sharing in our school. Those involved were very glad and realized that the activity not only benefited our environment but also aroused our awareness of building an economical society.
一、阅读理解
（一）
Are you crazy about something cool and delicious Why not reach for one of the frozen treats around the world
Parfait
A favorite in France is the parfait, which means “perfect”. This partly frozen dessert is made with egg yolks, sugar, whipped cream and often flavored syrup(糖浆). It is then served in a tall glass usually with ice cream and fruit in layers.
Turkish mastic ice cream(dondurma)
Like other kinds of ice cream, dondurma is made with milk and sugar. Thickening agents and flour are also added. These ingredients make the dessert so chewy that it’s usually eaten with a knife and fork!
Mango shaved ice
When mangoes are in season, it’s time for a summer favorite: mango shaved ice. For this delicious treat, shaved ice is covered with fresh mango cubes and milk. Some shops top it off with a scoop of ice cream.
Italian gelato
Many people consider gelato the best ice cream in the world. It’s made with a lower percentage of fat than regular ice cream and churned(搅拌) more slowly. This produces less air and gives gelato a richer quality. It’s often made with fruit flavors.
La Dame Blanche
This simple yet pretty dessert is from Belgium, a place known for its chocolate. The treat consists of vanilla ice cream and whipped cream, topped with chocolate sauce.
1. Which of the following treats is difficult to chew
A．Parfait. B．La Dame Blanche. C．Mango shaved ice. D．Turkish mastic ice cream.
2. Where can you taste the treat with chocolate sauce
A．France. B．Turkey. C．Belgium. D．Italy.
3. What makes gelato the best ice cream
A．Its shape. B．Its quality. C．The fruits it uses. D．The procedure it is made.
（二）
Imagine being able to pop to your local park and pick some tomatoes, potatoes or even bananas to take home for dinner. Sounds too good to be true, right For residents of Andernach, German, it’s not just a dream—it’s their reality.
In 2010, Andernach began its edible(可食用的)city project, planting 101 varieties of tomatoes in public green spaces around the city centre. Its 30,000 residents are free to help themselves to whatever grows, as are any other visitors. The town’s motto of sorts is “Picking is encouraged—help yourself!” Every year a new type of plant is highlighted. In 2011, 100 types of beans were planted, while 2012saw the introduction of 20 onion varieties.
It’s a community effort, as local citizens are encouraged to help plant and maintain the gardens. This offers an opportunity to socialise as well as to learn about planting, cultivating and harvesting food.
An Andernach resident spoke to DW,“I often drop by to pick some herbs that I’m missing at home. Everything is easily accessible. There aren’t any fences. You just take what you need. The only thing is that you have to be quick once the fruits are ripe or they’ll all be gone!”
Andernach may have been the first in German, but it isn’t the only edible city. It’s part of the Edible Cities Network, a project funded by European Union to connect green urban foot initiatives around the world. Other cities include Carthage in Tunisia, Havana in Cuba and Sempeter-Vrtojba in Slovenia. In February 2022, the first Edible Cities Network Conference took place. Dr Ina Saumel, principal investigator of the Edible Cities Network, called it “a unique opportunity to invite researchers of edible city solutions and practitioners to the same table.”
Ultimately, the Edible Cities Network aims to give people “greener, more edible and, above all, more livable cities.” It is a response to the pressures of global climate change, and a significant cause full of hope.；
4. What can residents do in public green spaces according to the edible city project
A．Sell the produce they grow there.
B．Learn knowledge about planting.
C．Grow whatever plant as they like.
D．Pay to pick some vegetables there.；
5. Which words can best describe the edible city project in Andernach
A．Novel and popular. B．Creative and costly.
C．Common and fundamental. D．Rare and unacceptable.；
6. What can we know about the Edible Cities Network from Dr Ina Saumel’s words
A．Andernach is the only city to carry it out.
B．European Union originally established it.
C．It helps combine theories with practices.
D．It invites people to share meals together.；
7. What is the purpose of the Edible Cities Network
A．To help residents relieve their pressure.
B．To involve residents in urban planting.
C．To increase the produce supply in cities.
D．To create environmentally friendly cities.
（三）
The kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of students, on my way to work these mornings. They have become a familiar part of the summer landscape.
These kids are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once monitored by teachers and principals, they now appear to be “self care”.
Passing them is like passing through a time zone. For much of our history, after all, Americans arranged the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th-century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops. Now, three-quarters of the mothers of school-age children work, but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus.
The six-hour day, the 180-day school year is regarded as something holy. But when parents work an eight-bour day and a 240-day year, it means something different. It means that many kids go home to empty houses. It means that, in the summer, they hang out.
“We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and realities of family life,” says Dr. Ernest Boyer, head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Dr. Boyer is one of many who believe that a radical revision of the school calendar is inevitable. “School, whether we like it or not, is educational. It always has been.”
His is not a popular idea. Schools are routinely burdened with the job of solving all our social problems. Can they be asked to meet the needs of our work and family lives
It may be easier to promote a longer school year on its educational merits and, indeed, the educational case is convincing. Despite the complaints and studies about our kids lack of learning, the United State still has a shorter school year than any industrial nation. In most of Europe, the school year is 220 days. in Japan, it is 240 days long. While classroom time alone doesn’t produce a well-educated child, learning takes time and more learning takes more time. The long summers of forgetting take a toll.
The opposition to a longer school year comes from families that want to and can provide other experiences for their children. It comes from teachers. It comes from tradition. And surely from kids. But the most important part of the conflict has been over the money.；
8. The current American school calendar was developed in the 19th century according to .
A．the growing season on nation’s farm
B．the labor demands of the industrial age
C．teachers’ demands for more vacation time
D．parents’ demands for other experiences for their kids；
9. Why is Dr. Boyer’s idea unpopular
A．He thinks that school year and family life should be considered separately
B．He argues for the role of school in solving social problems.
C．He strongly believes in the educational role of school.
D．He supports the current school calendar.；
10. “The long summers of forgetting take a toll” in the last paragraph but one means that .
A．long summer vacation changes the way of learning
B．long summer vacation has been abandoned in Europe
C．long summers result in less learning time
D．long summers are a result of tradition；
11. The author thinks that the current school calendar .
A．is still appropriate B．is out of date
C．is inevitable D．cannot be revised
二、七选五阅读
With jeweled pins in her hair, a sweeping red silk robe(袍子)dropped over her gauze(薄纱)sleeves, and a long-layered skirt, Beijinger Xin Nan looks like she’s just stepped out of a dynasty hundreds of years in the past. She’s not even on a movie set. 12
Xin Nan is wearing Hanfu or Han clothing， which has traditionally been the dress choice for a few aficionados(爱好者)on important Chinese holidays such as the Mid-Autumn Festival and Lunar New Year. But these days, the Hanfu movement has grown to become a subculture seeking to revitalize(使……复苏)pre-Qing Dynasty(1644-1911)clothing. 13 , finding its way onto the New York and Paris Fashion Week runways and featuring in Vogue magazine.
14 . It’s estimated that China now has over three and a half million Hanfu enthusiasts. Today, walk down any street of any major Chinese city or visit a park, and it's not uncommon to see a group of girls in these elegant flowing robes taking selfies.
15 . The number of Hanfu merchants on the e-commerce platform Taobao grew threefold between 2015 and 2019. According to a report by iMedia, in 2019, Hanfu sales in China were worth 4.52 billion yuan($695 million).
Despite COVID-19 restrictions, Hanfu festivals have been flourishing, which is keeping Xin Nan busy. Last October, she took part in Beijing’s Jingyun Hanfu festival, and this coming May, she’ll be a judge at Chongqing’s first-ever Hanfu festival.
To Xin Nan, 16 ; rather, it’s a way of life. “I think Hanfu has a special charm. When I’m wearing it, I feel I’ve returned to that dynasty,” she said. She explained that it inspires her with a sense of elegance and grace. “The moment I put on Hanfu, that’s how I'll behave.”
A．Hanfu is more than just a style of dress.
B．The past few years have even seen Hanfu gain a degree of global recognition.
C．Instead, she’s simply part of a fashion revival that’s sweeping China.
D．Over the past few years, more and more people have been walking in the street wearing Hanfu.
E．Hanfu is the symbol of authentic Chinese culture.
F．Hanfu’s growing popularity is reflected in the expansion of the associated business.
G．Hanfu’s entry into modern life has been inspired by the popularity of historical dramas.
三、完型填空
President Obama’s second Inaugural Address used soaring language to stress America’s commitment to the dream of equality of opportunity: ‘We are true to our belief that a little girl born into 17 knows that she has the same chance to succeed as anybody else, because she is an American’.
The gap between ideal and reality could hardly be 18 . Today, the United States has less equality of opportunity than almost any other advanced industrial country. Study after study has 19 the myth that America is a land of opportunity. A way of looking at equality of opportunity is to as to what extent the life chances of a child are 20 the education and income of his parents. Is it just as likely that a child of poor or poorly educated parents gets a good education and rises to the middle class as someone born to middle-class parents with college degrees Even in a more democratic society. the answer would be no.
How do we explain this Some of it has to do with discrimination （歧视）. Latinos and African-Americans still get paid less than whites, and women still get paid less than men, 21 they recently surpassed （超越）men in the number of advanced degrees they obtain. Discrimination, however, is only a small part of the 22 . Probably the most important reason for 23 of equality of opportunity is education. After World WarⅡ, we made a major effort to 24 higher education to Americans across the country. But then we changed, in several ways. While racial segregation（种族隔离）decreased, economic segregation increased. After 1980, the poor grew poorer, the middle stagnated（停滞不前）, and the top did better and better. A result was a widening gap in educational performance – the 25 gap between rich and poor kids born in 2001 was 30 to 40 percent larger than it was for those born 25 years earlier, a Stanford sociologist found. Of course, there are other forces 26 . Children in rich families get more exposure to reading. Their families can afford enriching experiences like music lessons and summer camp. They get better nutrition and health care, which enhance their learning, directly and indirectly.
Now Americans are coming to realize that without extensive policy changes, their long cherished belief is only a myth. It is unreasonable that a rich country like the United States has made 27 to higher education so difficult for those at the bottom and middle. There are many 28 ways of providing chances for more to receive higher education, from Australia’s income-contingent loan program to the near-free system of universities in Europe. A more educated population produces greater innovation, and a booming economy. Those benefits are why we’ve long been 29 to free public education through 12th grade. But while a 12th-grade education might have been enough a century ago, it isn’t today. Yet we haven’t 30 our system to contemporary realities.
The steps I’ve outlined are not just affordable but necessary. Even more important, though, is that we cannot afford to let our country drift farther from 31 that the vast majority of Americans share. We will never fully succeed in achieving Mr. Obama’s vision of a poor girl’s having exactly the same opportunities as a wealthy girl. But we could do much, much better, and must not rest until we do.
17. A．prejudice B．inferior C．poverty D．minority
18. A．narrower B．wider C．severer D．closer
19. A．conducted B．concluded C．excluded D．exposed
20. A．distinct from B．feasible by C．superior to D．dependent on
21. A．even though B．as though C．only if D．as if
22. A．photograph B．picture C．atmosphere D．condition
23. A．lack B．leak C．explosion D．extinction
24. A．exhibit B．explore C．extend D．exploit
25. A．contribution B．satisfaction C．achievement D．ambition
26. A．at play B．under control C．in use D．on show
27. A．devotion B．familiarity C．application D．access
28. A．imaginative B．alternative C．sensitive D．productive
29. A．admitted B．permitted C．devoted D．limited
30. A．abandoned B．adjusted C．altered D．applied
31. A．memories B．glory C．reality D．ideals
四、语法填空
Directions：After reading the passages below fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we 32 (threaten) their ability to do so. The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than 33 absorb.
Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap—but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable “carbon sinks” long into the future 34 require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now. California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.
The state's proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts 35 (thin) out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, 36 (restore) the forest's capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off (抵挡) insects. The landscape is considered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees 37 (consume).
The need 38 such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 20l0, drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone，and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.
California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030—financed from the proceeds of the state's emissions-permit auctions. That's only 39 small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.
State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, 40 traditionally they've focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. Califomia's plan, 41 is expected to be finalized by the governor next year, should serve as a model.
五、应用文写作
42. 你校上周举行了以Swap Now为主题的一次闲置物品交换活动。请你就此给英文报社写一篇通讯稿。内容包括：
1、活动时间、地点；
2、活动过程；
3、活动意义。
注意：1、词数80左右;
2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考答案
第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页
第 1 页，共 8 页
1. D；
2. C；
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. C
7. D
8. A
9. C
10. C
11. B
12. C；
13. B；
14. D；
15. F；
16. A
17. C；
18. A；
19. D；
20. D；
21. A；
22. D；
23. A；
24. C；
25. C；
26. A；
27. D；
28. B；
29. C；
30. B；
31. D
32. are threatening；
33. they；
34. may；
35. to thin；
36. restoring；
37. are consumed；
38. for；
39. a；
40. but；
41. which
42. A possible version
An activity called Swap Now was held in the stadium of our school last Friday to efficiently deal with old items or those not in use.
Both teachers and students who had signed up took an active part and brought things they didn’t need or use anymore. They introduced their items and communicated with those who wanted them. The value of unused things was enhanced through the activity.
Swap Now turned out a success, creating a fashion of sharing in our school. Those involved were very glad and realized that the activity not only benefited our environment but also aroused our awareness of building an economical society.