人教版八年级下册Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world？ 教案

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world
【教学目标】
话题：世界知识（facts about the world）
功能：
谈论地理与自然（Talk about geography and nature）
A: What’s the highest mountain in the world
B: Qomolangma.
A: How high is Qomolangma
B: It’s 8,848.86 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain.
A: Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world
B: Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
语法：
1 能表达较大的数字（Large numbers）
The Yangtze River is about 6,300 kilometers long and the Yellow River is 5,464 kilometers long.
2 能熟练运用形容词和副词的比较级、最高级（Comparatives and superlatives with adjectives and adverbs）
China is almost as big as the US.
Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.
This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.
China has the biggest population in the world.
词汇和常用表达：
1 能够正确使用下列词汇（Curriculum words）
Square, meter, desert, population, wall, tour, tourist, achievement, condition, force, nature, ocean, birth, adult, bamboo, research, keeper, excitement, illness, government, oil, protection, Asia, deep, ancient, wide, thick, awake, remaining, wild, huge, protect, include, succeed, achieve, weigh
2 能够正确使用下列常用表达（Useful expressions）
feel free, take in, in the face of, even though, at birth, up to, walk into, fall over, or so, as far as I know
3 能认读下列词汇（Non-curriculum words）
amazing, southwestern, freezing, challenge, endangered, artwork, whale
学习策略：
1 通过比较，了解中国以及世界地理知识
2 通过搜寻具体信息，培养寻读（scanning）的能力
3 通过罗列事实及数据，初步学习说明文的写作
文化知识：
1 了解我国和世界的一些“自然地理之最”中的知识
2 了解明长城的基本知识
3 了解珠穆朗玛峰及人类克服困难、挑战极限的精神
4 了解国宝大熊猫与动物保护
Section A 1 (1a – 2d)
【教学重点】
听力数字信息的提取与准确发音
【教学难点】
用对比法和数据事实法谈论地理与自然
【教学步骤】
Step 1 Words Review
square meter desert population Asia tour tourist wall deep wide
amazing ancient man-made protect as far as I know feel free
Step 2 Warming up
1. Can you read these numbers
9,000,000 nine million
6,671 six thousand, six hundred and seventy-one
8,848.86 eight thousand, eight hundred and forty-four point four three
1,025 one thousand and twenty-five
【小结】
1—12: (记住每个单词)
13—19: -teen (thir-, four-, fif-, six-, seven-, eigh-, nine-)
20—90: -ty (twen-, thir-, for-, fif-, six-, seven-, eigh-，nine-)
21—99: 十位 个位
100, 200, ... 900: one, two, … hundred
101—999: one, two, … hundred and个位/ 十位 个位
多位数: ______ billion (十亿), ______ million (百万), _____ thousand, ______ hundred and个位/ 十位 个位
2. What do you know about the four numbers
Qomolangma is 8,848.86 meters high.
The Nile is 6,671 kilometers long.
The Caspian Sea is 1,025 meters deep.
The Sahara is about 9,000,000 square kilometers in size.
3. Do a quiz.
What’s the highest mountain in the world Qomolangma.
What’s the biggest desert in the world The Sahara
Which is the deepest salt lake in the world The Caspian Sea
Which is the longest river in the world The Nile
Which is the second longest river in the world The Amazon
Step 3 1a Match the facts you know.
Qomolangma about 9,000,000 square kilometers in size
The Sahara 1,025 meters deep
The Caspian Sea 6,671 kilometers long
The Nile 8,848.86 meters high
Explanation
…8,848.86 meters high. 8,848.86米高
… meters high (long, wide…)
……米高（长,宽……)。
英语表示“有多长（宽，高……）”时，一般将数词和数量单位放在表示长宽高的形容词前作状语。
e.g. The wall is 1.7 meters wide.
How to use adjectives to describe natural features
Step 4 Listening
1. 1b Listen and complete the sentences.
1) Qomolangma is ______ than any other mountain in the world.
2) The Sahara is ____________ desert in the world.
3) The Caspian Sea is ____________ of all the salt lakes.
4) The Nile is _________ river in the world.
Answers: 1) higher 2) the biggest 3) the deepest 4) the longest
Step 5 Practice in pairs using the information in 1a and 1b.
Example:
A: Which is the highest mountain in the world
B: It’s Qomolangma.
A: How high is Qomolangma
B: It’s 8,848.86 meters high.
Qomolangma is 8848.86 meters high, the highest mountain in the world. It’s 26 kilometers long.
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
It is located in the northern Africa.
The Caspian Sea is the deepest lake in the world.
It lies in the border between Asia and Europe.
The Nile is the longest river in the world.
It’s 6,671 kilometers long.
It runs through 9 countries.
Step 6 Listening
1. Read the numbers and make sentences.
6,300 5,000 5,464 300
2. 2a Listen and number the facts (1- 4) in the order you hear them.
3. 2b Listen again and fill in the blanks in 2a with the numbers in the box.
6,300 5,000 5,464 300
___ The Yangtze River is about ____ kilometers long and the Yellow River is ___ kilometers long.
___ China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.
___ China is over ___ years old. It has a much longer history than the US. The US is not even ___ years old.
___ China is about the same size as the US, but it is the biggest country in Asia.
4. Listen again and fill in the blanks.
Mike: Hi, I’m Mike. I’m from the United States.
Boy: Welcome to our class, Mike. We’re happy to meet you.
Mike: Can you tell me a bit more about China
Girl: Sure! Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world It’s over 5000 years old.
Mike: Yes, I did. It’s much oler than my country-in fact, the United States is one of the youngest countries in the world, It's not even 300 years old.
Boy: And China has the biggest population, too. It’s a lot bigger than the population of
of the United State.
Mike: But China is about the same size as the US, right
Girl: Yes, and it’s the biggest country in Asia. We also have some famous rivers. The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia. It’s about 6,300 kilometers long.
Mike: Wow! I didn’t know that. I thought the Yellow River was longer.
Boy: No, the Yellow River is 5,464 kilometers long. But both rivers are very important to China.
Explanation:
“Did you know” is more polite than “Do you know” here.
This sentence means:
1. It’s OK if you didn’t know, because I can share the information with you.
(Then the person who is asked the question will not feel uncomfortable if he/she did not know. )
2. You might know, but it doesn’t matter because I can still share the information with you and we can talk about it more.
Step 7 Practice
2c Make conversations in pairs using the information in 2a.
Examples
A: Did you know that China if one of the oldest countries in the world
B: Yes, I did. It’s much older than my country.
A: Did you know that Yangtze River is the longest river in China
B: Yes, I did. It’s 6,300 meters long.
B: Wow! That’s long!
…
Step 8 2d
1. Read the conversation and answer the questions:
1) What’s the conversation about
2) How long is the Ming Great Wall
3) Why did the ancient emperors build the wall
4) Is Badaling part of the Ming Great Wall
5) What does the guide say about the wall
Keys: 1) It’s about a tour to the Ming Great Wall.
2) It’s about 8,850 kilometers long.
3) The main reason was to protect their part of the country.
4) Yes, it’s the most famous part.
5) It’s quite tall and wide./ It’s the longest wall in the world./ The ancient emperors built it to protect their part of the country./ There are no man- made objects as big as this./ Badaling is the most famous part of the Ming Great Wall.
3. Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.
Now let’s talk about the Great Wall. The parts from the Ming Dynasty is about 8850 kilometers long. This _________________________________. The ancient emperors built it to _______ their part of the country. It is quite ___________ and there are no other __________ objects _________ this. Badaling is the most famous part of the Ming Great Wall.
Keys: makes it the longest wall in the world; protect; tall and wide; man-made;
as big as
4. Role-play the conversation.
Step 9 Language points
1. China has the biggest population in the world.
中国是世界人口最多的国家。
population n. “人口”，集合名词。
作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
常用句型: “The population of +某地+ is + 数词”或“某地+ has a population of + 数词”， “某地有多少人口”。
e.g. The population of my city is three million.
2) 当表示人口“多”或“少”时，常用形容词large，big或small修饰population。e.g. My village has the smallest population in our town.
3) 当对人口数量进行提问时，要用疑问词what 或 how large。如：
e.g. What / How large is the population of your country
4) have a population of … 人口有……
e.g. This city has a population of nearly a million.
【语境应用】完成句子，每空一词。
1) 这个国家人口少。
The country __________________.
2) 我的家乡有40万人口。
My hometown _______________ one million.
3) 北京有多少人口？
_____________________ Beijing
Keys: 1) has a small population 2) has a population of
3) What / How large is the population of
2. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何其他山都高。
“比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词”此句型常用来表示比较，意为“比其他任何……都还……”，其实它表达的意思是“最……”。
e.g. Peter比班里的其他任何同学跑得都快。
Peter runs faster than any other student in his class.
3. It’s much older than my country. 它比我的国家古老得多。
much +比较级 : “……得多”在形容词比较级前可以用much, even, a little, still, a
lot, less等修饰词表示程度。
e.g. 日本土地面积只比德国大一点儿。
JJapan is a little larger than Germany in area.
今天比昨天冷得多。
It is much colder today than it was yesterday.
4. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour.
在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。
feel free是英语口语中一个常用表达。若有人让你feel free to do something, 就是让你无需拘束，只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。
e.g. A: Can I use your bathroom
B: Yes, feel free.
5. The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 主要原因是为了保护他们的国土部分。
protect v. 保护
protect ... from / against ... 保护……免受……
【链接】
protection n. 保护 常与from或against连用。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 你需要穿暖些以免着凉。
You need warm clothes to ________ you _____________ the cold.
2) 我正在写一份有关环境保护的报告。
I’m writing a report about the
__________ _____ _______ ___________.
Keys: 1) protect… from/ against 2) protection of the environment
6. As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this.
据我所知，再没有像它这样大的人造物体了。
1) as far as I know = so far as I know据我所知
as far as 就……，据……
常见搭配还有：
as far as I can see
as far as I am concerned
e.g. As far as I know, Jack’s got twin sisters.
就我所知，Jack有一对孪生姐妹。
As far as I can see, there’s only one way out.
就我所见，只有一条出路。
As far as I’m concerned, the whole idea is crazy.
就我而言，整个想法都是疯狂的。
2) man-made “人造的”合成形容词
常见的类似合成形容词还有：
handmade 手工制作的
homemade 家庭制作的
machine-made 机器制作的
tailor-made 定制的；特制的；定做的
e.g. We only sell homemade bread and cakes, and homemade wine.
我们只卖手工制作的面包、蛋糕、以及家酿葡萄酒。
The movie role was tailor-made for that actor.
这个电影角色是专为那位男演员量身设计的。
Step 10 Summary
__________________ (可以)随便(做某事)
___________________ 就我所知
__________________ 平方米
__________________ 咸水湖
________________________ 最多的人口
Keys: feel free (to do sth.)
as far as I know
square meters
salt lakes
the biggest population
Step 11 Exercises
Ⅰ. 根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出所缺单词。
1. We like to travel in winter when there are fewer _________(旅行者).
2. This park is famous for its lake, bridges and the _______(古老的) buildings on the hill.
3. There are some easy things you can do to _______(保护) the environment.
4. The road was just _______(宽的) enough for two cars to pass.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 那条河至少有三米深。
That river is at least _______ _______ _______.
2. 这个地区的人口很少。
_______ __________ _______ this area is very small.
3. 晚上九点半以前请随时给我打电话。
Please _______ _______ _______ _____________ _______ any time before half past nine at night.
4. 就我所知，他们星期六到。
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______, they're arriving on Saturday.
Step 12 Homework
1. 发挥想象，连词成文(50-100词)。
square, meter, population, Asia, tour, tourist, wall, ancient, protect, wide,
as far as I know
2. Preview Section A(3a – 3c).
Section A 2 (3a – 3c)
【教学重点】
通过阅读了解喜马拉雅的基本情况
【教学难点】
体会登山者精神
【教学步骤】
Step 1 Word Review
achievement southwestern condition force freezing nature thick include succeed achieve challenge
take in in the face of even though(even if)
Step 2 Pre-reading
Talk below questions in pairs.
Discuss with your partner:
What sport do you like best
2. Which of the following sports do you think is the most dangerous Why
3. What might be the dangers of mountain climbing
freezing weather conditions
too many people
have to fight with dangerous animals
hard to take in air
thick clouds
hard to find the way home
4. Ask students to look at the title and the picture of the article and predict what will be talked about in the article.
Step 3 While-reading
1. 3a Read the article and match each paragraph with the main ideas.
Paragraph 1 Spirit of climbers
Paragraph 2 Achievements of climbers
Paragraph 3 Facts and dangers
2. 3b. Read the article again and complete the chart.
Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3
List tour dangers for climbers. List three achievements List tour comparisons
thick clouds snow can fall very hard freezing weather conditions heavy storms 1953—Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary were the first to reach the top The first Chinese team reached the top in 1960. The first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. Most dangerous sport People can challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. Never give up trying to achieve our dream. Humans can be stronger than the forces of nature.
3. 3c Answer the questions using information in the article.
1) Where are the Himalayas The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of
China.
2) How high is Qomolangma Many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous because they want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
3) Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous
Many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous because they want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
4) What does the spirit of the climbers tell us
The spirit of the climbers tells us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
4. Read the article and find the following phrases.
1
Step 5 Language points
One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, …
登山是世界上最危险的运动之一，……
“one of + the + 形容词的最高级+复数名词”，意为“最……之一”。如：
Miss Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
王老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
2. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.
更严重的困难是冰冻天气以及强烈的暴风雪。
include v. 包括，包含 (不用于进行时态) 指整体中包含某些/个部分，不用于进行时。
e.g. The university includes ten colleges.
该大学有10个学院。
② 算在内；列在里面
e.g. Please include me in your group. 请把我算在你们组内。
included adj. 包括在内的 无比较级，一般位于名词或代词之后。
e.g. Everyone laughed, me included.
每个人都笑了，包括我在内。
including prep. 包括；包含在内
和其后的名词/代词一起构成介宾短语。
e.g. The whole family will tour some big cities, including Beijing and Shanghai.
全家人将去包括北京和上海在内的一些大城市。
【语境应用】完成句子
1) The price for the hotel ____________________ (包含早餐).
2) There are 40 students in the classroom, ____________________ (包括我在内).
3) The three-day tour ______________________ (包含参观) the Beijing World Park.
Keys: 1) includes the breakfast 2) including me 3) includes a visit to / visiting
3. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时，你还会感到呼吸非常困难。
It be + adj. + to do sth.
it作形式主语，动词不定式(短语)作真正的主语。
常用于此句型的形容词有important, difficult, dangerous, necessary, useful, possible等。
此句型可以转换成：To do sth. + be + adj.。
e.g. It’s not easy to learn a foreign language well.
= To learn a foreign language well is not easy.
学好一门外语不容易。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 努力学习很重要。
______ _________ _______ _______ hard.
2) 踢足球很有趣。
_______ ___________ _______ play football.
Keys: 1) It’s important to study 2) It’s interesting to
take in 吸入
e.g. Fish take in oxygen through their gills (鳃).
鱼通过鳃吸入氧气。
Open the window and take in fresh air.
打开窗户，吸入新鲜空气。
拓展
take短语：
take down 拆除；记录 take out 取出
take away 拿走；拿开 take off 脱掉；起飞
take up 开始做；占据
take after (外貌或行为)像(父或母)
4. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975.
1960年，中国登山队第一次登顶成功，而来自日本的田部井淳子在1975年成为第一个成功的女登山者。
succeed v. 实现目标；成功
succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事
e.g. The climber succeeded in reaching the top of the mountain.
登山者成功登到了山顶。
【链接】
success n. 成功、成就(不可数名词)
成功的人（或事物）(可数名词)
successful adj. 成功的(在句中做定语或表语)
be successful in (doing) sth. 成功做某事
e.g. He has had great success.
His new book was a great success.
He wants to be a successful writer.
She was successful in finding a job.= She succeeded in finding a job.
【语境应用】 用succeed的适当形式填空。
1) My father was not a very _________ man, but he loved his family very much.
2) At last he _________ in solving the problem.
3) His new film was a great _______.
4) She is a strong swimmer and many people think she will _______.
5) Do your work with your whole heart and you will get _______.
Keys: 1) successful 2) succeeded 3) success 4) succeed 5) success
5. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们表明：我们决不应该放弃试图实现我们的梦想。
achieve v. 达到；完成；成功
achieve one’s dream= make one’s dream come true 实现某人的梦想
e.g. She achieved great success in a short time.
她用很短的时间取得了极大的成功。
No one can achieve anything without effort.
谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。
辨析 achieve与come true
6. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous
为什么那么多的登山者愿意冒着生命危险(来登山)？
even though = even if 即使；虽然
引导让步状语从句，一般不与并列连词but连用
e.g. Mr. Wang will come on time even though it rains.
王先生即使下雨也会准时来。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 尽管非常冷，他们仍然计划去博物馆。
__________________________, they still plan to go to the museum.
2) 尽管我们累了，但是我们不得不出去找他。
__________________________, we had to go out to look for him.
Keys: 1) Even though it’s very cold 2) Even though we were tired
Step 6 Summary
__________________ 登山
__________________ 密云
__________________ 极冷的天气状况
__________________ 狂风暴雨
__________________ 放弃
________________ 吸入；吞入(体内) 理解；领会；领悟
_________________ 到达山顶
________________ 冒着生命危险
______________________ 主要原因之一
______________________ 面对困难
______________________ 实现某人的梦想
______________________ 大自然的力量
_____________________ 即使；虽然
it做形式主语的用法
Keys: mountain climbing
thick clouds
freezing weather conditions
heavy storms
give up
take in
reach the top
risk one’s life
one of the main reasons
in the face of difficulties
achieve one’s dream
the forces of nature
even though / even if
Step 7 Exercises
Ⅰ. 根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出所缺单词。
1. He picked up the _________(最厚的) English dictionary from the bookcase.
2. The menu changes weekly but always _________(包含) noodles.
3. The news reported the latest weather _________(状况) just now.
4. Flying across the sea for the first time was a great ___________ (成就).
5. Last year Mr. Green __________ (成功) in giving up drinking.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 我想离开城市，呼吸一下山间的空气！
I want to get out of the city and _______ _______some mountain air!
2. 他们终于成功地找到了解决这个问题的办法。
They _________ _____ _______ a solution to the problem at last.
3. 她在危险面前表现出极大的勇气。
She showed great courage ______ _____ ______ _____ ______.
4. 由于努力工作，他最终实现了他的梦想。
He finally _______ _______ _______ because of hard work.
5. 尽管我们打得很好，但还是输了比赛。
_______ _________ we played well, we lost the game.
6. 我喜欢做一些不同的事情来挑战自己。
I like to do different things to _______ _______.
Step 8 Homework
发挥想象，连词成文(50-100字)。
achievement, thick, include, condition, succeed, achieve, force, nature, even though
2. Preview the next part: Grammar focus.
Section A 3 (Grammar focus - 4c)
【教学重点】
长度、宽度、高度、深度等的表示法
【教学难点】
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
【教学步骤】
Step 1 Revision
1. Ask the Ss to translate the sentences.
1) 长江大约长6,300千米。
2) 黄河长5,464千米。
3) 明长城大约有8,850千米长。
4) 珠穆朗玛峰高8,848.86米。
5) 那个篮球运动员有两米高。
6) 那条河只有两米深/宽。
7) 这棵树有三米高。
8) 这个箱子大约有两米高/宽/长。
2. 长度、宽度、高度、深度的表示法
长度、宽度、高度、深度的表示法：
“基数词+单位词+形容词”
除了以上的表示方法，有时也可用 “基数词+单位词+in+长宽高深度等名词”来表示。
… in length 长度 The classroom was 25 feet in length and 20 feet in width.
… in width 宽度
… in height 高度 The building is 3 meters in height.
… in depth 深度 This lake was 5 meters in depth.
… in weight 重量 The box is 9 kilos. = The box is 9 kilos in weight.
Step 2 Grammar focus
1. Ask students to fill in the blanks according to Grammar Focus.
1. —世界上最高的山峰是哪个？
—珠穆朗玛峰。
— What’s __________ mountain in the world
— Qomolangma.
2.—珠穆朗玛峰有多高？
—它有8848.86米高。它比别的山都高。
— How high is Qomolangma
— It’s 8848.86 meters high. It’s ________________________________.
3. —世界上最深的咸水湖是哪个？
—里海是世界上最深的咸水湖。
— Which is ____________ salt lake in the world
— The Caspian Sea is _____________________________.
4. —你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？
—我知道。中国比美国古老得多。
— Did you know that China is _______________________ in the world
— Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
Keys: 1. the highest 2. higher than any other mountain
3. the deepest; the deepest of all the salt lakes 4. one of the oldest countries;
2. Show students more sentences.
1) It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.
2) China is over 5000 years old. It has a much longer history than the US.
3) Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.
1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
2) The Nile is the longest river in the world.
3) Tom is almost as tall as Mike. He is one of the tallest students in our class.
4) This makes it the longest wall in the world.
5) It’s the most famous part.
6) One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas.
Step 3 Grammar
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
大多数形容词和副词都有三个级
1) 原级: 基本结构as ... as ... “和……一样”
e.g. Mike is as tall as Tom.
Mike和Tom一样高。
2) 比较级 (用于两者之间的比较)
基本结构：比较级+than...
e.g. He is taller than I. 他比我高。
3) 最高级(用于三者或三者以上的比较)，
基本结构: the + 最高级 + of / in ...
e.g. He is the tallest of the three.
他是这三个人中最高的。
He is the funniest in his class.
他是他们班最有趣的。
形容词和副词比较等级的常用结构
1. “比较级+than any other+名词+其他”表示“比其他任何一个……都……”
该结构可与“the+最高级+其他”相互转换
e.g. The bag is cheaper than any other bag in the store.
=The bag is the cheapest in the store.
2. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”
e.g. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
3. “the + 比较级, the + 比较级”表示 “越……，就越……”
e.g. The more you practice, the better you’ll play the piano.
4. “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者之中更……的那一个”
e.g. Susan is the taller of the two girls.
5. “数词+ times +比较级 + than”表示“……是……的几倍”
e.g. The elephant weighs ten times more than the panda.
6. “one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”
e.g. It is one of the best theaters in our town.
7. “the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数名词 + in …”表示“是……中的第几……”
e.g. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
形容词和副词比较级的修饰语
1. 比较级前可加much, a lot, a bit, a little, any, no, some, even, still等词修饰。如：
You must work much faster.
You look a lot happier than you did yesterday.
He was too tired to walk any further.
This book is even more useful than that one.
2. 比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词。如：
My sister is ten years younger than me.
We reached here two days earlier than the others.
3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级可以互相转换。如：
Jane is taller than the other girls / any other girl in the club. = Jane is the
tallest girl in the club.
中考链接
1. After taking tennis classes, Tim is much ________than last year.
A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest
(2022北京中考)
2. Today is much ________ than yesterday. Nice!
A. cool B. cooler C. coolest D. the coolest
(2022江苏徐州中考)
3. — Uncle Wang, could you tell me the secret of your good health
— In my view, ______ vegetables and ______ meat.
A. less; less B. more; more C. more; less D. less; more
(2022贵州铜仁中考)
4. With the development of 5G technology, our daily lives have become ______.
A. more and more convenient B. the most convenient
C. convenienter and convenienter (2022湖南岳阳中考)
5. Travelling by train is slower than by plane. But it’s _______ than by plane.
A. interesting B. less interesting
C. more interesting D. most interesting
(2022天津中考)
6. — Which do you like _________, Chinese or English
— Chinese.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
(2022湖北鄂州中考)
7. Good luck belongs to hard-working people. ___________ you work, the luckier you will be.
A. The harder B. Harder C. The hardest D. The hard
(2022四川遂宁中考)
8. —Who do you think will win the race，Bob or Tom
—It must be Bob. I think he runs _________.
A. faster B. fastest C. more slowly D. most slowly
(2022 江西中考)
9. Roy is a great dancer. He dances___________ than others.
A. beautifully B. more beautifully
C. less beautifully D. most beautifully
(2022重庆中考B卷)
10. The Yangtze River is one of _______ rivers in the world.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
(2022重庆A卷)
11. Leo likes speed skating and he thinks it’s _________ event at the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A. exciting B. more exciting
C. most exciting D. the most exciting
(2022辽宁盘锦中考)
12. Oh, she smiles! She nods! She understands! We’ve got ________ dog in the world.
A. a cleverer B. the cleverest C. a shyer D. the shyest
(2022江苏无锡中考)
13. —Our class did well in the school singing competition.
—Yes, you sang ________ of all.
A. beautifully B. more beautifully C. most beautifully
(2022福建中考)
Keys: 1-5 BBCAC 6-10 CAABD 11-13 DBC
Step 4 Practice
1. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
big much popular long old high
1) The Amazon River is one of the _______ rivers in the world. It’s a little _______ than the Yangtze River.
2) Qomolangma is 8,848.86 meters _____. It’s one of the most ________ places for serious mountain climbers.
3) No ocean in the world is as _____ as the Pacific Ocean.
4) Although Japan is _______ than Canada, it is _______ smaller.
What’s the longest river in the world
The Nile River is the longest river in the world.
The Amazon River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
The Amazon River is a little longer than the Yangtze River.
The Nile River is much longer than the Yellow River.
2. Write two comparisons about two topics. Write true facts.
e.g. Two rivers: the Yangtze River and the Amazon River
The Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River.
The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze, but the Yangtze River is the longest river in China.
Two cities: ___________ and ___________
1. _______________________________________________________________.
2. _______________________________________________________________.
Two animals: ___________ and ___________
1. ______________________________________________________________.
2. ______________________________________________________________.
3. Write five questions using comparisons. Then ask your partner your questions.
1) What is the highest building in our city
2) What is the busiest subway station in out city
3) What is the largest shopping mall in our city
4) Which is the biggest park in our city
5) Which is the longest road in our city
Step 5 Summary
Step 6 Exercises
I. 用适当形式填空。
1. Lucy is organized and her room always looks _______(tidy) than mine.
2. Nowadays, better medical care and cleaner water help people live _______(long).
3. The next morning he got up _______ than before to practise football. (early)
4. The harder you work, the _______(luck) you will be.
5. David doesn't jump so _______(high) as his best friend John, though they are of the same height.
6. Of all the girls at the party, Diana dressed the ____________ (beautifully). My eyes followed her every move.
7. Leo is Mr. Lane's _________(young) kid and both his two brothers are three years older than him.
8. In this food store, people can get the _______(fresh) fruit and vegetables in town. It's always full of people.
9. Connie is the _______(shy) student in her class and she's afraid to talk to others.
II. 根据对话内容，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
A: Well, Mr. Jones, we interviewed (面试) three people. Who do you think would be (1)________ (good) person for the job
B: I have to say, I thought Mrs. Shaw was much (2)________ (clever) than the other two, but she wasn’t as (3)________ (nice) as the other two.
A: That’s true, and we need someone who can work with people. However, I thought Miss Brown would be (4)___________ (popular) than Mrs. Shaw and Mrs. Green with our clients (顾客).
B: Yeah, you’re right.
A: Thank you for your help. Choosing the proper person is (5) _______________ (difficult) part of my job. It’s always (6) ________ (easy) when I get someone else’s opinion.
B: I’m glad I could help.
Step 7 Homework
1. Make four sentences using comparatives and superlatives.
2. Preview Section B.
Section B 1 (1a-1d)
Step 1 New words
cm(=centimeter) weigh birth at birth up to adult
Step 2 Warming up
What do you know about them Describe the two animals.
Elephant
is 350 cm tall
weighs 5,000 kilos
eats 150 kilos of food a day
Panda
is 150 cm tall (standing on two legs)
weighs 100 kilos
eats 10 kilos of food a day
This panda is 150 cm tall when it is standing on two legs. It weighs 100 kilos. It eats 10 kilos of food a day.
This elephant is 350 cm tall. It weighs 5,000 kilos. It eats 150 kilos of food a day.
Step 3 Listening
1. 1b Listen and check (√) the numbers you hear.
2. 1c Listen again and complete the sentences.
3. Listen again and complete the blanks.
Teacher: Do you have any questions about baby pandas
Boy 1: Are they much _________ than an adult panda
Teacher: Yes. When they’re born, they only weigh about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos.
Boy 1: Wow, that’s small! I know an adult panda weighs _____________ more than a baby.
Teacher: That’s right. And the adult pandas weigh _____________ kilos.
Boy 2: What about the size of a baby panda How small is it
Teacher: At birth, it’s only around 15 cm long, but an adult panda is around
150 cm long.
Girl: Is a baby panda also black and white
Teacher: No, you would never guess! A baby panda is _______ and it cannot see. It also doesn’t have __________.
Girl: How long can pandas live
Teacher: They can live up to 20 to 30 years.
Step 4 Pair work
Practice. Take turns telling your classmates about pandas.
A: A baby panda cannot see.
B: An adult panda weighs many times more than a baby panda.
Step 5 Language points
1. At birth, a baby panda is about…
birth v. 出生 at birth 出生时
e.g. Man’s nature at birth is good. 人之初，性本善。
2. A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years.
up to 到达（数量，程度等）；不多于
e.g. In some area of Africa, children get educated up to 12 years old.
在非洲的一些地区，孩子最多受教育到12岁。
3. An adult panda weighs many times more than a baby panda.
“倍数+比较级+than…” “……比……(大/小/长/短……)几倍”
This box is three times bigger than that one. 这个盒子比那个大三倍。
weigh v. 重量是……；称……的重量
e.g. He weighed the fish. 他称了一下这条鱼。
【拓展】
weight n. 重量，分量
常见短语： lose weight(减肥)，put on weight(增加体重)
e.g. What’s the weight of this fish 这条鱼多重？
询问……的重量时，可用以下句型提问：
How much / What do / does / did ... weigh
How heavy + be 动词 + sb.
What's the weight of + sb. / sth.
Step 6 Summary
at birth 出生时
up to 到达(某数量、程度等)；至多有；不多于
倍数+比较级+than…
This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.
An adult panda weighs many times more than a baby panda.
Step 7 Exercises
Ⅰ. 根据句意及所给首字母提示，补全所缺单词。
1. The box was full of books and w_______ about 10 kilos.
2. This school is for children, but it also provides a_______ education.
3. The baby weighed three and a half kilograms at b______.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 西边的那座山有多高？
_______ _______ is the mountain in the west
2. 海豚宝宝出生时长约90至130厘米。
A baby dolphin is about 90 to 130 centimeters long _______ _______.
3. 我弟弟能慢慢数到二十。
My little brother can count _______ _______ twenty slowly.
Ⅲ. 翻译下列句子。
Ⅲ. 翻译下列句子。
1. 刚出生时，熊猫宝宝大约有15公分长。
2. 大象比这个熊猫要重许多倍。
3. 我的书要比妹妹的多两倍。
Step 8 Homework
Preview the article in 2b.
Search for more information about pandas online and try to describe a panda in your words.
Section B 2 (2a-2e)
Step 1 Review and Lead-in
What do you know about panda
2a Talk about pandas in your class. Use these words to help you.
big, bamboo, zoo, popular, cute, black and white,
Sichuan, famous, endangered, beautiful, forest, protect
There was a family of pandas living in a forest.
The father and mother were black and white.
The baby panda was pink but it was very cute.
The pandas ate a lot of bamboo every day.
…
There was a family of pandas living in a forest. However, there is also a family in Chengdu. What do you know about this place What does this institution (机构) work on
Chengdu Research Base
To raise pandas.
Chengdu is the capital of Sichuan province in Southwest China. It’s the hometown of the giant pandas in China. Many tourists go to Chengdu Research Base to see pandas every year.
Step 2 Reading
2b Scan the article to find out what these numbers mean:
10, 12, 300, 2000
10 Adult pandas eat 10 kilos of bamboo daily.
12 Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating.
300 Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China or other countries.
2,000 Scientists say there are fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the forests.
2c Read the article again and write short answers to the questions.
1. What is Lin Wei’s job
2. What do the baby pandas have for breakfast
3. Why are pandas endangered
4. What does the education program in Chengdu do
5. Why are scientists doing research
Complete the blanks.
3. Post-reading
2d Complete the sentences using words and phrases from the passage.
1. The panda _______ at the Chengdu Research Base are awake very early in
the morning to _______ breakfast for the baby pandas.
2. In _______, pandas have become so _________ that they are now a symbol
of China.
3. Adult pandas do not have babies very _________, and some of the babies
only live for a short time because of ________.
4. A special program in Chengdu teaches ________ about why pandas are ___________.
5. The Chinese government is helping to __________ the pandas. Scientists
also want to better __________ the habits of pandas.
以下是一只熊猫宝宝的自述，请根据课文内容填空，每空不超过三个词。
Hello, everyone! Welcome to the Chengdu Research Base. I’m a baby panda. My name is Lingling. It’s 9:00 a.m. now and most of the babies including me are awake and hungry. Look, the keepers are coming with our breakfast — (1) ______. How excited we are!
Lin Wei is one of our keepers and she takes good care of us. Unluckily, we pandas are in great danger now. Mother pandas maybe have one baby (2) ______. And we baby pandas often die from illnesses. Also, we don’t have enough food because humans (3) _______. But I know many people have realized it. An education program in Chengdu teaches children about us and other endangered wild animals. And the Chinese government is trying hard to help (4) ______ us. Scientists are doing research to better understand our (5) _______.
I believe, with your help, my family will become larger and larger.
2e What other ways do you think children can help to save the pandas
Step 3 Language points
1. Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast.
prepare sth. for sb. 意为“为某人准备某物”，相当于prepare sb. sth.。如：
We’re preparing a surprise party for Mike.
=We’re preparing Mike a surprise party.
【运用】汉译英
妈妈刚刚给我们准备好了晚饭。
Mom prepared dinner for us just now. / Mom prepared us dinner just now.
2. At 9:00 a.m., they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry.
awake adj. 醒着 常用于be, stay, keep, lie 等动词之后作表语
e.g. I hope he’s awake now. 我希望他现在醒着。
I drink a lot of coffee to keep me awake.
我喝了很多咖啡以保持头脑清醒。
注意:1) awake不用于名词前，因此用作定语时要后置。
e.g. Mary is the only person awake now.
2) 完全醒来；十分清醒: fully awake, wide awake
e.g. He was wide awake by the time we reached my flat.
等我们到达我的住所时，他已经完全醒过来了。
【语境应用】将下列句子翻译成英语。
1)你为什么还醒着？已经夜里11点钟了！
_____________________________________________________
2)昨天晚上，某个醒着的人打开了电视。
_____________________________________________________
Keys: 1) Why are you still awake It’s already eleven o’clock at night!
2) Someone awake turned on the TV last night.
3. …they run over to them with excitement and some of the young pandas even walk into their friends and fall over!
run over 跑上前去
e.g. She ran over to say hello, but I didn’t recognize her.
她跑过来打招呼，但我没有认出她来。
walk into （走路时意外）撞上
e.g. As he was thinking too deeply and not paying attention to where he was going, he walked straight into a tree.
由于他陷入深思，没有注意看路，径直撞到了一棵树上。
fall over 摔倒；倒下
e.g. Don’t run too fast, or you might fall over. 别跑的太快，要不你会摔跤的。
fall over something 被某物绊倒
e.g. Tommy fell over the dog and broke his front teeth.
Tommy被那只狗绊了一跤，磕断了门牙。
4. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in forests.
living in the forests 是一个现在分词短语，用做定语，修饰pandas。
e.g. the girls singing under the tree 树下唱歌的女孩们
the women washing clothes by the rive 河边洗衣服的女人们
5. Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries.
1) another adj. 又一的；再一的，其后常跟单数可数名词。
e.g. I want to eat another apple.
another+ 数词+复数可数名词。
e.g. They need another three doctors.
another pron. 另一个
e.g. I don’t like this room. Please show me another.
拓展 含another的固定短语：
one after another 一个接一个地
one another 互相
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 王琴想再买一辆自行车。
_________________________________________________
2) 我们还得再等三个月。
_________________________________________________
3) 我不喜欢这件毛衣，请给我看另一件。
__________________________________________________
Keys: 1) Wang Qin wants to buy another bike.
2) We have to wait (for) another three months.
3) I don’t like this sweater. Show me another, please.
2) or so: “大约”，相当于about/around
e.g. 500 or so people = around/about 500 people
6. The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long.
1) die from + 死亡原因，“死于……”
e.g. The man died from the snake's biting．那人死于蛇咬。
The horse died from overwork．那匹马累死了。
2) ill (adj. 生病的) + -ness (名词后缀)→illness “疾病，病”（因病而导致的不健康状态）
adj. + -ness →n. 表示性质，状态
kind →kindness (仁慈)
happy →happiness (幸福)
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 他因病不能来。
_______________________________________
2) 老张上周因病去世了。
________________________________________
Keys: 1) He can’t come because of illness. 2) Mr. Zhang died from illness last week.
7. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.
1) spend + time/money + (in) doing sth. 花费……做某事
e.g. They spent two years (in) building this bridge.
造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
spend + time/money + on sth.
e.g. I spend 3000 yuan on this new phone.
辨析 take, spend, pay和cost
【语境应用】根据句意用take, spend, pay或cost的适当形式填空。
1) That new car __________ them lots of money.
2) Remona __________ 50 yuan on the books just now.
3) It usually __________ me an hour to do my homework.
4) You should __________ more time practicing your English.
5) My brother __________ 6,000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.
Keys: 1) costs 2) spent 3) takes 4) spend 5) paid
Step 4 Summary
__________________ 为……准备……
__________________ 跑上前去；跑过去
__________________ 走路时撞着
__________________ 绊倒
__________________ 照顾；处理
__________________ 大约
__________________ 确切地说；事实上；实际上
__________________ 全世界
__________________ 死于
__________________ 中国的象征
__________________ 砍倒
__________________ 派……到……
__________________ 做研究
__________________ 将来
Keys:
prepare ... for ... run over walk into fall over
take care of or so in fact around the world
die from a symbol of China cut down
send ... to ... do research in the future
Step 5 Exercises
Ⅰ. 根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，注意形式变化。
bamboo, protect, wild, ill, wake, excite, keep
1. __________ is important to pandas. It's pandas' favorite food.
2. John works at a zoo. He is a lion __________.
3. I drink a lot of coffee to keep me __________.
4. Hearing the good news, Susan jumped with __________.
5. Kate had to see a doctor because of her __________.
6. You need to wear gloves (手套) as a(n) __________ against cold.
7. Lions and elephants are __________ animals.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. Jenny走路不看路，撞到了一棵树上。
Jenny wasn't looking where she was going and _______ _______ a tree.
2. 他被一块大石头绊倒，摔坏了他的一颗门牙。
He _______ _______ a big stone and broke one of his front teeth.
3. 公共汽车大约每半小时从这里开出一班。
Buses leave from here every half an hour _______ _______.
4. 这些天我在做一些关于濒危动物的研究。
I'm _______ _______ _______ _______ endangered animals these days.
5. 我听说Mr. Green死于肺癌。
I heard that Mr. Green _______ _______ lung cancer.
Step 6 Homework
Try to write down what you know about pandas.
Section B 3 (3a-Self check)
Step 1 Think
Here is a riddle:
They are huge animals.
They can sing songs.
They can jump high out of water.
They are very clever and also very friendly.
What are they
Step 2 Writing
3a Read the following words and phrases about whales. Put them in the correct place in the chart.
1. Humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil
2. Eat small fish and other sea life
3. Jump high out of the water
4. Rules on whale protection
5. Huge
6. Water pollution
7. Live in the sea
8. Some kinds have teeth
9. Learn more about whales
10. Stop putting rubbish into the sea
11. Sing songs
12. Whale parts sold to make things like candles and soap
What do they look like？ 5 8
Where do they live 7
What do they eat 2
What can they do 3 11
Why do some of them have to be protected 1 6 12
How can we protect them 4 9 10 11
3b Write a paragraph about whales and why they need to be protected. Use the information in 3a. Then make a poster.
Whales are… They live in… They eat… They can…
One interesting fact is… Another interesting fact is…
Some kinds of whales are in danger because…
We should protect whales from…
I think people should/shouldn’t…
【写作任务】(Section B 3b)
鲸是生活在海洋里的一种大型动物，目前它的一些种类已濒临灭绝。假如你是某国际学校动物保护俱乐部的负责人，请你写一篇短文介绍鲸并呼吁大家保护鲸。
【审清题目】
内容：介绍鲸，并说说如何保护鲸。
文体：说明文 时态：一般现在时
人称：第一人称和第三人称
【头脑风暴】
【提供素材】
◆语块
形态特征 ·huge ·look like fish ·more than 30 meters long ·have small eyes ·some have teeth
呼吸 ·get out of the water and take in air through holes near the top of their heads ·cannot breathe underwater ·some can stay underwater for as long as 90 minutes
发声 ·sing songs
活动 ·swim as fast as 30 miles an hour
食物 ·eat fish and shrimp (虾)
濒危的 原因 ·some people kill them for meat and oil ·some people use their body parts to make candles and soap ·water pollution causes their death
保护鲸 的措施 ·make rules on whale protection ·learn more about whales ·stop polluting the sea ·organize some activities to make people realize the importance of protecting whales
◆句型
·It's one of the largest ...
·It can grow to ...
·It weighs about ...
·They live in ...
·One interesting fact is that ...
·Whales are in danger because ...
·I think we should protect whales by making laws (法律).
【谋篇布局】
【点评范文】
1. 内容：短文介绍了鲸的体型、种类、呼吸、交流方式和生存现状，也介绍了鲸濒临灭绝的原因。结尾呼吁人们要保护鲸，并提出了保护鲸的建议。
2. 语言：
(1) 在说明鲸濒临灭绝的原因时，恰当地使用了连词because和短语one of the main reasons，使因果关系表达得清晰、有条理。
(2) 介绍鲸的特征时用到了平行结构One interesting fact is that ... Another interesting fact is that ... 这样可以使行文整齐、有序。
Step 3 Self check
1. Complete the chart.
Adjectives Comparatives Superlatives
high higher highest
dangerous more dangerous most dangerous
long longer longest
popular more popular most popular
2. Match verbs and objects. Then add one more object to each list.
Verbs Objects
1. reach a. my life, my money,…
2. achieve b. the top of a mountain, the library,…
3. risk c. my dream, success,…
Answers: 1-b, 2-c, 3-a
3. Circle the correct word and /or fill in the blank with the correct form of the word in brackets for each sentence.
1. An elephant weighs (few/many) times more than a dog.
2. An adult panda can eat (much/a little) more than a cat.
3. Canada is a (little/lot) less ______________ (crowded) than India.
4. A tiger is (much/a little) _________ (strong) than a man.
Answers: 1. many 2. much 3. lot crowed 4. much stronger
Step 4 Summary
jump high out of the water ____________________________
stop putting rubbish into the sea ___________________________
____________________ 处于危险之中
____________________ 保护……不受……的侵害
Keys:
高高跃出水面 停止向海洋丢垃圾
in danger protect ... from ...
Step 5 Exercises
根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，注意形式变化。
tourist, meter, nature, condition, interest, high, record, succeed, excite, challenge
Chinese mountaineer Luo Jing, born in Hengyang, Hunan Province, in 1975, took up outdoor hobbies in 2002. In 2007 she wanted to (1)_______ herself so she started mountain climbing. Since then, she has set one (2)_______ after another, and has become the first Chinese woman to climb 14 highest mountains in the world. At about 8:30 on the morning of September 29, 2018, Luo Jing (3)_______ in reaching the top of Shishapangma (希夏邦马峰), the 14th (4)_______ mountain in the world at the height of 8,027 (5)_______.
“I am a single (单身的) mother and I want to make a difference to other women. I want to make them believe that they can do more if they open their mind,” Luo said with (6)_______. “All these experiences have helped me grow and made me stronger.”
Nowadays, more and more people are (7)_______ in mountain climbing, although it is very dangerous to climb because of the freezing weather (8)_______ and heavy storms. Every year, a lot of adventurous (爱冒险的) (9)_______ from all over the world travel to climb the highest mountains in the world. They know that life is so small compared to the forces of (10)_______, but they still want to challenge themselves. They will face lots of difficulties, but they will for sure learn more in the process (过程) of climbing.
Step 6 Homework
1. Finish your paragraph about whales and why they need to be protected in 3b.
2. Remember the words, phrases and sentences in this unit.