(共61张PPT)
Unit 8
Section B
Period 2 (2a — 3b)
run after
something strange
run for exercise
catch a bus
be late for work
make a movie
跟在……后面跑；追赶……
奇怪的事情
跑步锻炼身体
赶公共汽车
上班迟到
拍电影
Review
Translate the phrases.
用must或can的适当形式填空。
The boy who is playing football on the playground _____ be Harry. He doesn’t come to school today.
2. There ________ be someone in the classroom because the light is on.
3. Many people go to Sanya to travel. It ____ be a beautiful place.
4. You _____________ talk with each other during the exam, or you will be asked to leave.
can’t
must
must
mustn’t / can’t
Review
根据汉语意思和括号中的英文提示完成句子。
1. 她一定有二十多岁了。(must be)
2.那双鞋不可能是我姐姐的,因为她不喜欢红色。(can’t be)
She must be over / more than twenty years old.
That pair of shoes can’t be my sister’s because she doesn’t like red.
Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.
It was snowing, and so I could not go out.
As I am very tired, I am going to bed.
I study because I want to learn.
Since it is late, I shall go home now.
The watch was cheap, but it goes quite well.
We all tried our best. However, we lost the game.
7. Though the task was difficult, they managed to finish it on time.
8. We must not only finish our task but also do it well.
9. You can go by air or by train.
10. I was reading a magazine when he came in.
11. While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside.
连词是一种连接词与词、短语与短语以及句与句的虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接作用。
表示前因后果的连词有：so(所以)等;
表示原因的连词有：because, since, as等；
表示意义转折的连词有：but, however, though;
not only … but also表示递进意义,“不仅…而且”;
表示选择关系的连词有：or (或者;还是);
表示两个动作同时进行的连词有：when, while等。
2a Match each linking word or phrase
with its purpose.
Linking word or phrase
Purpose of linking word or phrase
so
as, because, since
but, however, though
not only … but also
or
when, while
expressing a difference
giving a choice
expressing a result
expressing two things happening at the same time
giving reasons
adding information
Have you ever heard of Stonehenge
Where is it
Why is it famous
Free Talk
The Stonehenge is famous as it is a historical archaeological structure that is believed to have been built between the years 3,000BC and 2,000BC. It is believed the area served as a burial ground (墓地) as the bone structures (骨结构) that were found can be dated to 3,000 BC and continued for about 500 years.
2b Skim the article and underline the sentences with linking words or phrases.
not only … but also, as,
however, because,
As, but, or,
because, but, And, but, and
How many people visit Stonehenge every year
Who is Paul Stocker
Do people think it hard to build Stonehenge Why
Read the article again and answer the questions.
More than 750,000 visitors.
He is a historian.
Yes, because the stones are so big and heavy.
2c Read the article again and complete
the chart.
Mysteries about Stonehenge
How was it built
Who built it
What Stonehenge might have been used for …
What was it used for / Why was it built
as a temple where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods
a kind of calendar
have a medical purpose
might be a burial place or a place to honor ancestors
celebrate a victory over an enemy
Midsummer day is in June ______ a lot of people go to Stonehenge during this month.
The sun shines straight into the Stonehenge _____ the stones were put in a special position.
2d Complete the sentences using the
words from the chart in 2a.
and
as
3. Some people think the rocks can ________ stop people from becoming ill _______ keep them healthy.
4. We don’t know who built Stonehenge _____ how it was built.
5. Historians think Stonehenge was built about 5,000 years ago; ________, they are not sure.
not only
but also
and
however
Interesting and Fun Stonehenge Facts for Kids
Stonehenge seems to be the center of many Bronze Age and Neolithic monuments. You can find hundreds of burial mounds in the area that surrounds Stonehenge.
Stonehenge itself is managed by English heritage and is owned by the crown.
In 2008 evidence was uncovered that Stonehenge may have been a burial site well before Stonehenge itself was constructed.
One of the stone types used to construct Stonehenge is called a Sarsen Stone. These stones weighed 25 tons and were about 18-feet tall.
There is more than meets the eye with Stonehenge. The designers and builders had to be extremely sophisticated in geometry and mathematics. It is aligned with midwinter sunset and the midsummer sunset.
Stonehenge is the most well-known of the over 900 different stone rings in the British Isles.
It is estimated that it took around 30 million hours of labor over a span of 1,500 years to construct Stonehenge.
What other mysteries can you think of
What do you know about them
What is mysterious about them
Buildings with Mysterious Origins
Nan Madol
(南马都尔)
Nan Madol is a ruined city next to the eastern shore of the island of Pohnpei. It is the only known ancient city ever built on top of a coral reef.
Skarabrae (斯卡拉布雷)
It is a stone-built
settlement. It is the best preserved groups of prehistoric houses in Western Europe. Older than Stonehenge and the Great Pyramids, it has been called the “Scottish Pompeii” because of its excellent preservation.
Buildings with Mysterious Origins
Newport tower
(纽波特塔)
It is a round stone tower located in Touro Park in Newport, Rhode Island (USA). It is commonly considered to have been built in the mid-17th century. It is one of this country’s longest enduring architectural enigmas (谜).
Buildings with Mysterious Origins
Statues of Easter Island
(复活节岛巨石像)
Easter Island is in the southern Pacific Ocean, 2,300 miles west of the coast. Easter Island is only 15 miles long and 10 miles wide. It is covered with hundreds of giant statutes, each weighing several tons and some standing more than 30 feet tall. It has even been suggested that space aliens may have played a role regarding these giant statues.
Buildings with Mysterious Origins
Olmec colossal heads
(奥尔梅克巨型头像)
Olmec colossal heads
(1500 BC to 400 BC) were huge statues of heads made by the Olmecs, the earliest known civilization of Mexico. They are amongst the most mysterious and debated artifacts from the ancient world.
Buildings with Mysterious Origins
Puma Punku (普玛彭古)
Puma Puncu is part of a large temple complex or monument group that is part of the Tiwanaku Site near Tiwanaku, Bolivia. The processes and technologies involved in the creation of these temples are still not fully understood by modern scholars.
Buildings with Mysterious Origins
3a Read through the article in 3a on page
59 again. What do you think the noises
could be List all your ideas.
What could the noise be Why do you think so
Someone could be playing tricks on people.
The noise could be two cats fighting.
3. …
He might just want to scare people.
The woman saw something running away.
…
3b Look at this newspaper headline
and finish the article about the
strange happenings.
Sample writing:
No More Mystery in the Neighborhood
Last week, in a quiet neighborhood, something strange happened. Residents heard noises in the night but no one knew why. Victor Smith thought that it was teenagers having fun while Mrs. Smith and neighbor, Helen Jones, blamed it on animals.
We now know what was happening in the neighborhood. A ranger’s station is being built in the nearby forest.
Trees had to be cut down to make space for the station. This affected some animals living in the forest. A raccoon family lost their home and had problems finding food. The raccoons discovered food in the neighborhood’s garbage bins, so they came back every night.
Now the mystery is solved. People in the neighborhood feel sorry for the raccoons and they are trying to help them.
historical places
receive more than 750,000 visitors
point out
in a certain way
on midsummer’s morning
shine into
prevent illness
a burial place
历史遗迹
接待75万多参观者
指出；解释
以某种方式
在仲夏的清晨
照进……
预防疾病
墓地
Summary
Translate the phrases.
celebrate a victory
honor ancestors
over a long period of time
a group of volunteers
keep sb. healthy
for a special purpose
庆祝胜利
缅怀 / 纪念祖先
经过好长时间
一群志愿者
使某人保持健康
用于特殊用途；有特殊目的
Language points
1. not only … but also 不仅……而且
not only … but also 连接的两个部分通常必须是对称的并列成分，例如连接两个主语、连接两个状语等等。
Not only Mr Lin but also his son went on the trip.
不仅林先生而且他的儿子都去旅行了。
I not only play tennis but also practice shooting.
我不仅打网球, 还练习射击。
He plays not only the piano but also the violin.
他不仅弹钢琴, 也拉小提琴。
They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory.
他们不仅在课堂上说英语, 在宿舍里也说。
注意： not only ... but (also) ... 连接两个 分句,当not only位于句首, 前一个 分句常用部分倒装来表示强调,而 but (also)后的分句仍用陈述语序。
Not only is this young man clever but he is also hardworking.
1) 汤姆是我们班最好的学生。他不但学习上严格要求自己，而且乐于帮助别人。
Tom is the top student in our class. He ___________________________________
___________________________________.
2) 他不仅擅长体育，唱歌也不错。
He is _________ doing well in sports _________ good at singing.
is not only strict with himself in his study but also ready to help others
完成句子。
not only
but also
This is my twin sister Lucy. Not only she but also I _______ good at drawing.
A. is B. am C. are
解析：not only … but also 连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
B
（2016 恩施州）_________ his partner ________ he has been to Paris, so they know Paris well.
A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also
C. Either; or
【解析】根据so they know Paris well“所以他们对巴黎很了解”可以推断他的父母和他都去过巴黎，再根据第二个设空处后面用了助动词has，判断该句应使用短语，“不仅……而且……”即：not only…but also，该短语连接并列主语时，谓语动词采取就近原则，故选B。
B
2. Every year it receives more than 750,000 visitors.
receive 在这里是“接待”的意思
She was warmly received.
她受到热情地接待。
We received a warm welcome.
我们受到热烈欢迎。
He went to the door to receive his visitors.
他到门口去接待客人。
receive 还有“接到；收到”的意思
I was on vacation last week and didn’t receive your letter.
上星期我正在度假，没收到你们的信。
I didn't buy the book. I received it from the writer as a gift.
这本书不是我买的, 而是作者送给我的礼物。
We received him into our family as a son.
我们收他为养子。
receive a letter from sb. 相当于 hear from sb.
receive与accept的区别
receive 表示客观上收到某物，而 accept 则表示主观上的接受。 例如：
I received an expensive gift from my friend yesterday, but I did not accept it.
昨天我收到了朋友的一件贵重礼物， 但我并没有接受它。
知识链接
1) She is looking forward to _____ a special gift.
A. receiving B. receive
C. accept D. accepting
2) Mary felt surprised when she ____ the a birthday present from Jack because they haven’t seen each other for over five years.
A. received B. accepted C. receive
A
A
3) He gave me some flowers, but I didn’t
_____ them.
A. accept B. receive C. accepted
4) Mrs Liu is kind and always _____ her
help to others.
A. shares B. receives
C. makes D. offers
5) 我们在那里受到了热烈的欢迎。
A
We received a warm welcome there.
D
3. For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods.
where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods是where引导的定语从句，修饰名词temple。
The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here.
我买这本书的那个书店离这里不远。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
这就是我两年前住的那个房子。
leader n. 领导；领袖；领先的人
He’s a follower, not a leader.
他是追随者，不是领导者。
Which football team is the leader in the football championship
现在哪只球队在足球锦标赛中领先？
动词 lead (带领) + 名词后缀-er
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
A lot of people support the new _______
(lead).
leader
4. point out 指出；指明
I must point out what you said is incorrect.
我必须指出，你所讲的情况不正确。
Can you point out the church in this picture
你能在这张图上指出教堂吗？
Point out the mistake in this sentence, please.
请指出这句话中的错误。
Mr. Wang _____ the danger of doing so.
A. came out B. pointed out
C. worked out D. gave out
老师指出我作业里的许多错误。
B
The teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework.
point to, point at, point out的区别
point at侧重表示指向距离较近的事物；point to则侧重表示指向距离较远的事物，to是介词，着重于指的方向。
Don’t point at the words while you are reading.
He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said, “That’s my home.”
point out 表示的是给某人指示方向、要点或错误等，意为“指出”，out 是副词。
知识链接
5. prevent illness 预防疾病
prevent v. 阻止；阻挠
It is the job of the police to prevent crime.
防止犯罪是警察的职责。
Nothing can prevent us (from) carrying out the plan.
什么也无法阻挡我们去实施这个计划。
What can we do to prevent this disease (from) spreading
我们能做什么来阻止这种疾病蔓延呢？
stop / keep / prevent sb. from doing三者都表示“阻止某人做某事”的意思, 一般情况下可以通用。用法上的差别：
在主动式中, stop sb. from doing sth.和prevent sb. from doing sth.中的from可以省略, 但 keep sb. from doing sth. 中的from不能省略，因为keep sb. doing sth. 意思为让某人一直做某事。
在被动式中三个词组中的from都不能省。
知识链接
1) To ______ nature is to help ourselves, or we will be punished.
A. protect B. prevent
C. provide D. pollute
2) 句子翻译。
政府已经采取措施禁止酒后开车了。
A
The government has already taken action to stop / prevent / keep people from driving after drinking.
3) 根据下列句子的意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空限填一词。
Nothing can prevent us from ________ (realize) our dreams.
4) 他服药以防止感冒恶化。
He took medicine _____________________.
to stop / keep / prevent the cold from getting / becoming worse
realizing
It’s our duty to ______ people _______ too many trees.
A. stop; cutting down
B. prevent; to cut down
C. keep; cutting down
D. make; cut down
解析：本题易错选C。 “阻止某人做某事”可用stop / prevent / keep sb. from doing sth.但是，stop / prevent在主动语态中可将后面的from省去，被动语态中三者均不可省。keep sb. doing sth.表示“让某人一直做某事”，意思显然不对。故正确答案为A。
A
6. … you can feel energy from your feet move up your body, …
energy n. 精力；力量
Young people usually have more energy than the old.
青年人通常比老年人精力充沛。
Don’t waste your time and energy on trifles.
别把你的时间和精力浪费在琐事上。
He gave a speech on the use of solar energy.
他就太阳能的利用作了一场演讲。
energetic adj. 精力旺盛的；能量的
Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of ______.
A. knowledge B. energy
C. change D. courage
With the help of his friends, he changed a lot. Maybe that’s the ______ of friendship.
A. station B. energy
C. decision D. invention
B
B
7. …, but most agree that the position of the stones must be for a special purpose.
position n. 位置；地方
Can you find our position on this map
你能在这幅地图上找到我们的位置吗？
I can tell the time from the position of the sun.
我可以从太阳的位置知道时刻。
The position of manager is still open.
经理职位仍然空缺。
The company is in a difficult position now.
这家公司现在正处于困难境况。
in position 在适当的位置
out of position 不在适当的位置
One of the cups is out of position. Put it back in position.
有只杯子位置不对, 把它放在适当的位置。
position v. 安置；定位
知识链接
position, place都可表示“位置”, 其区别是：
place是表示地点的普通词语; position用于表示与其他地点相对而言的某个位置。例如:
I’ll show you the place where I was born.
我来带你看看我的出生地。
He drew a plan showing the position of all furniture in the room.
他画了一张图，显示房间里所有家具的位置。
知识链接
8. Stonehenge was built slowly over a long period of time.
period n. 一段时间；时期
We lived in Beijing for a period.
我们在北京住过一段时间。
The work must be completed within a two-month period.
工作须于两个月内完成。
It was the most glorious period of the Roman Empire.
这段时期是罗马帝国最辉煌的时期。
period, age, generation这三个词的共同意思是“时期”。其区别是：
period是这组词中最一般的常用术语, 用于任何时限, 时间可长可短; age意为“时代, 寿命”, 常用来表示以一个中心人物或显著特征而闻名的时期; generation意为“代、世代”, 用于上辈出世与下辈出世之间的时段,对人类来说这段时间有时可算作20年或25年,也可用于下辈本身。
知识链接
The period in which people learnt to make tools of iron is called the Iron Age.
人类学会用铁制造工具的时代，我们称为“铁器时代”。
My generation behaves differently from my father’s and grandfather's.
我这一代人和我父辈及祖辈表现不同。
