人教版（2019） 必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration单元能力提升（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019） 必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration单元能力提升（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-30 18:27:19 | ||
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Unit 4 Space Exploration
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Amity College is an English language training centre for adult learners, international students and employers in Wimbledon, South West London. We provide learners English classes all year round.
Experienced & Qualified (有资格的) English Tutors
Our native English-speaking trainers are qualified and will provide lessons and study materials according to your needs. One-to-one, one-to-two and group learning choices are available (可获得的), making it easy to study English on your own, with friends or with others.
Flexible, Various English Courses
At Amity College, we put our learners first. Lessons are conducted on weekdays during the morning, afternoon, or evening with 10 students per class at most, so plenty of personal attention is ensured.
General English This course is designed to improve your general English language level for use in everyday situations.
Students are encouraged to participate in college events to improve their English.
English for Academic Purposes English for Academic Purposes is an English language course for speakers of other languages.
The course is designed to bring English skills to a level that will help students be successful in college courses.
Business English This course is for business people who want to focus on effective communication skills.
It will cover necessary business skills such as telephone language, English for business meetings, presentations and report writing.
English Conversation & Pronunciation Classes take place in small groups to allow as much speaking time as possible.
Class exercises will be given according to your skill level and personal requirements.
Convenient Location in Wimbledon
Our school is located in Wimbledon, less than five-minutes' walk from Wimbledon Train Station. In Wimbledon and the surrounding area there are many restaurants, pubs and historical places.
Wimbledon is about 15 minutes from Central London by train and is linked (连接) directly by bus to Kingston, South Wimbledon, West Wimbledon, New Malden, Tooting and Balham.
1. How many learning choices are offered
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
2. Which can help you prepare for college courses
A. General English.
B. English for Academic Purposes.
C. Business English.
D. English Conversation & Pronunciation.
3. How might a learner get to Wimbledon from New Malden
A. By train. B. By bus. C. By air. D. By boat.
B
Since being introduced to chess at the age of six, Tanitoluwa "Tani" Adewumi has had one goal. He wants to become the world's youngest-ever grandmaster—the highest title a chess player can achieve. The record is currently held by Russian chess player Sergey Alexandrovich Karjakin, who won the title in 2002 at the age of 12 years and 7 months.
On May 1, 2021, the now 10-year-old Tani came one step closer to achieving his dream by becoming America's newest national chess master. The title, awarded by the US Chess Federation, requires players to get a rating of between 2200 to 2400. The boy, who practices for up to 11 hours every day after school, says the secret to his success is thinking of his plays ahead of time. Tani told NPR, "In a normal position, I can do up to 20 moves in advance."
The now fifth-grader fell in love with chess in 2017 after being taught the basics by a part-time teacher at his elementary school in Manhattan, New York. However, his mother couldn't make up her mind to allow him to join the school's chess club due to the travel and chess competition costs. The family of four were living in a homeless shelter and did not have extra funds to spare.
When his mother explained the family's situation to the chess club's instructor, Russell Makofsky, he immediately waived(免除) all costs for the young boy. Tani did not disappoint. Less than a year after joining the club, he had won seven awards. In 2019, the then eight-year-old, who was still living in a homeless shelter, made national headlines when he beat 73 competitors to win the New York State K-3 scholastic championship. His moving story went viral and a GoFundMe campaign(活动), set up by Makofsky, helped raise enough funds for Tani and his family to move into a new house.
4. What's the main factor in Tani's success in his own opinion
A. Practicing chess for a long time every day.
B. Learning from national chess masters.
C. Thinking twice before making a move.
D. Setting up a role model for himself.
5. How did Tani's mother feel about his entering into the chess club at first
A. Proud. B. Undecided. C. Scared. D. Unbelievable.
6. What can we infer about Russell Makofsky
A. He managed to post Tani's story online.
B. He helped improve Tani's living conditions.
C. He became famous after Tani's winning awards.
D. He was disappointed at Tani s performance at first.
7. Which words can best describe Tani
A. Independent and helpful. B. Talented and hard-working.
C. Kind-hearted and grateful. D. Curious and creative.
C
A solar-powered car that can be charged as it drives is being tested in Germany. Munich-based producer Sono Motors has built the new type, named Sion, and will likely help the European company hit its national goal of 1 million electric cars on the road.
Sono Motors which was founded in 2016 wants to achieve great development in the electric car market. It is on its way to beginning production of one of the first affordable electric cars—the Sion.
The Sion has a total of 248 solar cells built into the vehicle, which enable the vehicle to recharge its battery when sunlight is hitting the solar cells, whether it is on the road, or parked in the sunny spot in a car park. Sono Motors has also included support for traditional power outlets(电源插座)—so car owners aren't left on cloudy days.
The Sion also uses moss(苔藓) fixed into the dashboard to naturally change the wetness inside the car. The solar panel-packed vehicle is set to put into the market in Germany before long.
Sono Motors wants the Sion to be universal and hopes to allow the car to be charged using solar energy as well as traditional outlets. Some 8,800 people have already placed orders for the electric vehicle. Prices for the Sion tend to start from ?16,000 next year. The all-electric vehicle will offer a range of up to 305 km before the battery runs out completely and it needs to recharge by either solar power or using a wall outlet, the company said.
The Sion was designed originally as an environmentally friendly car. It will also be designed around comfort to help it compete with other modern vehicles. "We have a seat heater and there is air conditioning and a large infotainment(资讯娱乐节目) system where I can also connect my phone interactively, which means I really have a vehicle which is very simple and has no decoration," Laurin Hahn, co-founder and CEO of the company told Reuters.
8. Why can the Sion continue to work even on a cloudy day
A. It has 248 solar cells working.
B. It can use traditional power outlets.
C. It can be recharged wherever it stops.
D. It stores lots of energy ahead of time.
9. Why is the moss used in the Sion
A. To decorate the car. B. To keep the air fresh.
C. To control the wetness. D. To change the temperature.
10. What can we know about the Sion from Laurin Hahn's words
A. It is nicely decorated. B. It is expected to be cheaper.
C. It has many unique functions. D. It needs to be further improved.
11. What's the best title of the text
A. The First Electric Cars Put into the Market
B. New Solar-powered Cars Developed in Germany
C. Sono Motors Contributing to Environmental Protection
D. The Solar-powered Cars Taking the Place of Traditional Cars
D
The story of moon trees started in 1971, when Apollo 14 started a task to the moon. The task pilot was Stuart Roosa, a former U. S. Forest Service smoke jumper. When he was selected for the job, a few of his Forest Service co-workers asked him to take hundreds of tree seeds(种子) into space with him. He agreed.
Seeds were collected from five types of trees: loblolly pine, sycamore, sweetgum, redwood, and Douglas fir. The seeds were sorted—there were 400-500 in total—and another set of seeds remained on Earth as a control sample(对照样本).
On Jan. 31, 1971, Roosa, along with astronauts Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell, took off on the third task to the moon. The seeds stayed with Roosa as he moved around the moon and flew back to Earth. But the tool containing the seeds burst open, and the crew thought the seeds couldn't germinate any longer. However, the Forest Service sent the seeds to two of their stations anyway. Nearly all of the seeds began to sprout(发芽), and after a few years, the Forest Service had more than 420 young moon trees.
In 1975 and 1976, most of the young trees were given away to be planted for the country's two hundredth celebration. Not all states received trees because the five species were from western and southern states and wouldn't grow in other climates. Other young moon trees found homes in the U. S. such as at the White House, the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, Washington Square in Philadelphia, Valley Forge National Historical Park in Pennsylvania, and various universities. Some trees were given away as gifts to other countries, including Brazil, Switzerland, and Japan.
The number of moon trees has increased over the years, as cuttings were taken off moon trees and replanted. These second-generation moon trees are called half-moon trees. Roosa passed away in 1994, but a moon sycamore stands over his grave in Virginia.
12. Why were a set of tree seeds left on Earth
A. To tell moon trees apart easily.
B. To ensure their growth under control.
C. To protect them against being damaged.
D. To make a comparison with seeds in space.
13. What does the underlined word "germinate" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Suffer. B. Grow. C. Float. D. Change.
14. What do we know about moon trees from the last paragraph
A. Their type has increased greatly.
B. They are renamed half-moon trees.
C. They don't grow very well on Earth.
D. Their cuttings lead to more moon trees.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. The story of moon trees.
B. The discovery of moon trees.
C. The three tasks of Roosa to the moon.
D. The contribution of Roosa to moon trees growth.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
How is dining in space different from eating on Earth If you send astronauts into space, you have to send along food as well. But what do astronauts eat, and how do they eat it Scientists take several factors into consideration as they plan meals for space.
First, and possibly most important, is nutrition (营养). (1) Providing junk food to eat, such as potato chips, sodas, and pizza, would make the astronauts unhealthy.
(2) If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it. If you've ever tried to concentrate on something important while your stomach doesn't feel well, you'll know why the scientists in charge of a space mission want their astronauts to eat regularly.
The lack of gravity in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space. Meals must be packaged carefully so they won't spill into the cabin (one of the areas inside a spacecraft). Water or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic device and damage it. (3) A loose knife bouncing (弹起) around inside the cabin would be dangerous.
(4) The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and back home again. (5) Most foods are stored in plastic bags, and often, the foods are dehydrated (使脱水). When an astronaut is ready to eat, hot water is added to the meal and warm it up.
Despite all these requirements, much of the food eaten in space is actually similar to what you might eat on any given day.
A. Taste is also important.
B. Finally, weight is an important concern.
C. Food packaging is made to be as light as possible.
D. Believe it or not, they also have fresh fruits and vegetables.
E. Nutrition and practicality are important things to consider.
F. For the same reason sharp knives and forks are never used on board.
G. Keeping astronauts' physical health is a top task for any space mission.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
I went to my friend Vera's house on a Thursday evening when I began experiencing stomach pain. I thought it would be fine the next day; however, that was not the (21) . I woke up with even more pain than I had (22) . I was unwilling to go to the doctor, but after a lot of pressure from my friend—Vera and her family, I (23) to see the doctor.
After many (24) , it was confirmed—it was appendicitis. The doctor said I had to have an operation and (25) it for the next morning. My mind was flooded with so many questions. How long would I be out of (26) How much would it all cost Would I be (27) for the surgery If not, what if I couldn't wake up
Vera's mom gave me the (28) to my never-ending questions. She said, "Why are you so bothered about the wrong things This is your life! You can worry about anything, but what if it is too (29) to treat you What will you worry about then " I finally had my surgery the next morning and it turned out to be (30) .
I was in bed resting for a little over a week. I (31) not to take life for granted. In that week, I found myself (32) my free time—not having to work, just relax. Sometimes it's good to take some time off from our daily routines. We shouldn't wait till something (33) us to. Take time out of this (34) moving world to stop and enjoy the wonders of (35) . Enjoy the beautiful people and things around us.
21. A. problem B. reason C. point D. case
22. A. caused B. planned C. expected D. discovered
23. A. determined B. aimed C. begged D. afforded
24. A. tests B. surveys C. discussions D. experiments
25. A. challenged B. scheduled C. tried D. studied
26. A. control B. date C. work D. order
27. A. alone B. afraid C. awake D. alive
28. A. answer B. access C. attitude D. limit
29. A. cheap B. hard C. late D. soon
30. A. harmful B. successful C. painful D. meaningful
31. A. happened B. pretended C. preferred D. learned
32. A. imagining B. using C. spending D. appreciating
33. A. advises B. forces C. wishes D. reminds
34. A. regularly B. quickly C. gradually D. obviously
35. A. life B. kindness C. desire D. nature
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. The Shanghai Astronomy (天文学) Museum has started operation. It aims to show mankind's efforts throughout history (1) (explore) the universe and China's latest achievements in space exploration.
A series of abstract concepts (抽象概念) and famous experiments related to astronomy (2) (explain) with models and experimental equipment, (3) makes astronomy more understandable. An, a geography teacher at a local high school (4) (mention) that the design of the museum is very clever with the concepts of time and space contained in the exhibition. "The exhibition makes it much (5) (easy) for visitors, especially students, to understand the universe and astronomy through physical objects on display," An said.
The museum is located in Lin-gang Special Area, a newly launched section of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. It covers (6) area of about 58,600 square meters. The main body of the museum is divided (7) three sections including "home" "universe" and "odyssey", (8) (feature) the solar system, the observable universe beyond the solar system and the history of human research on astronomy and space exploration. (9) (additional), the museum has collected more than 120 pieces or sets of precious cultural (10) (relic) including original works of astronomy geniuses (天才).
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One morning, Joey sat at the kitchen table and read the sports page of the paper. He heard his grandfather coming down the stairs. When his grandfather came into the kitchen, Joey could see he wasn't his usual happy self.
"Morning, Grandfather," he smiled. His grandfather sat across the table, looking sad. He didn't pick up the paper to read. Instead, he asked, "Joey, is anything happening in town today " "There's a ball game between Sequoyah Middle School and my school tonight. Would you like to go " Joey told him.
Joey felt bad for his grandfather. He knew he couldn't read. His grandfather had told him often, "I didn't have the chance to go to school regularly. Looking after the animals and tending to the crops on the farm were much more important in those days than learning to read."
One day Grandfather asked Joey, "Joey, would you go with me to the grocery store(食品杂货店) I need several things." In the store, Joey's grandfather walked up and down the aisles(过道), looking at all the pictures on the cans. He saw a can without a picture on it. "What's in that can " he asked. Joey, reading the label, said "It's a can of chicken soup." His grandfather walked to the meat counter but he couldn't read the prices or the labels. Finally, Grandfather gave Joey the grocery list and stepped out of the store. "I will meet you at the car," he said. Joey watched him go through the door, and he thought, "I wish I could help him out but I don't know where to begin and how to start."
The next day was Sunday. Joey went to the library to look through some books when he saw a sign on the library wall. It read, "Do you know somebody who can't read We can help. Just call this number." Joey wrote the number down, and hurried home. "Somebody can teach you how to read. Just call this number," Joey explained excitedly to his grandfather.
Paragraph 1:
Several days later, Grandfather put on, his best suit for his first day of school.
Paragraph 2:
Months later, Grandfather said to Joey, “I just got a letter from Aunt Helen and let me read it to you."
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信和你讨论他对太空探索的看法，他认为花巨资探索太空是没有必要的，请你据此给他写一封回信。内容包括：
(1)你对他的观点的看法；
(2)你对太空探索的看法和理由。
注意：
(1)词数80左右；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space. _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、B
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Amity College的师资力量、课程设置和地理位置。
1. 细节理解题。根据Experienced & Qualified (有资格的) English Tutors部分中One-to-one, one-to-two and group learning choices are available (可获得的)...可知，有一对一，一对二和小组学习三种上课模式，故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据表格内English for Academic Purposes部分中The course is designed to bring English skills to a level that will help students be successful in college courses.（该课程旨在将英语技能提升到有助于学生在大学课程中取得成功的水平。）可知，English for Academic Purposes课程可以帮助学生在大学课程中获得成功。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据Convenient Location in Wimbledon部分中Wimbledon is about 15 minutes from Central London by train and is linked (连接) directly by bus to Kingston, South Wimbledon, West Wimbledon, New Malden, Tooting and Balham.（Wimbledon距离伦敦市中心约15分钟的火车车程，可直接乘坐巴士前往Kingston、South Wimbledon、West Wimbledon、New Malden、Tooting和Balham。）可知，从New Malden到Wimbledon，坐公交车即可。故选B。
4~7.【答案】C、B、B、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一位国际象棋少年的成才之路。他六岁开始下国际象棋，十岁就获得了不起的成绩。
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The boy... says the secret to his success is thinking of his plays ahead of time”“In a normal position, I can do up to 20 moves in advance”可知，Tani认为他成功的主要因素就是对自己下的每一步棋三思而行。故选C。
2. 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“However, his mother couldn't make up her mind to allow him to join the school's chess club due to the travel and chess competition costs”可知，由于差旅费和国际象棋比赛的费用，Tani的母亲无法下定决心让他加入学校的国际象棋俱乐部。故选B。
3. 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“a GoFundMe campaign (活动), set up by Makofsky, helped raise enough funds for Tani and his family to move into a new house”可知，Russell Makofsky发起了GoFundMe活动，帮助Tani和他的家人筹集了足够的资金，让他们搬进了新房子。故选B。
4. 考查推理判断。本文主要讲述了一位国际象棋少年的成才之路。他六岁开始下国际象棋，十岁就获得了不起的成绩。再根据文中的“practices for up to 11 hours every day after school”等信息可知，Tani既有天赋又努力。故选B。
8~11.【答案】B、C、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了德国生产的一款太阳能汽车，这款太阳能汽车不久将在德国上市。
1. 根据第三段中Motors has also included support for traditional power outlets(电源插座)—so car owners aren't left on cloudy days.可知，因为这款车支持传统的电源插座，所以即使在阴天，这款车也可以继续工作。故选B。
2. 根据第四段中The Sion also uses moss(苔藓) fixed into the dashboard to naturally change the wetness inside the car.可知，苔藓可以改变车内的湿度。故选C。
3. 根据最后一段中We have a seat heater and there is air conditioning and a large infotainment(资讯娱乐节目) system... very simple and has no decoration（我们有一个座椅加热器，有空调，还有一个大型信息娱乐系统，我可以与我的手机互动，这意味着我真的有一辆非常简单、没有装饰的车）可知，这款车有很多独特的功能。故选C。
4. 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了德国生产的一款太阳能汽车，这款太阳能汽车不久将在德国上市。所以B项（德国研发的新型太阳能汽车）最适合作本文的标题。故选B。
12~15.【答案】D、B、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了月亮树的起源、发展及目前在美国的栽种情况。
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“and another set of seeds remained on Earth as a control sample (对照样本)”可知，另外一批种子被留在地球上，目的是跟带上月球的种子进行对比，看看太空之旅对种子是否有影响。故选D。
2. 考查词句猜测。根据画线词后的“However... Nearly all of the seeds began to sprout (发芽), and after a few years, the Forest Service had more than 420 young moon trees”可知，全体工作人员以为这些种子不会发芽，但是最后几乎所有的种子都发芽了，并在几年后长成了420多株幼小的月亮树。故此处germinate意为“发芽，开始生长”。故选B。
3. 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The number of moon trees has increased over the years, as cuttings were taken off moon trees and replanted”可知，多年来，因为扦插技术，月亮树的数量已经增加了。故选D。
4. 考查主旨大意。本文介绍了月亮树的起源、发展及目前在美国的栽种情况。故A项最能概括本文大意。故选A。
16~20.【答案】G、A、F、B、C
【解析】1. 【文章大意】在太空吃饭和在地球吃饭有何不同？本文介绍了科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑的几个因素。
根据上文中的“First, and possibly most important, is nutrition (营养)”和下文中的“Providing junk food... would make the astronauts unhealthy”可知，G项“保持宇航员的身体健康是任何太空任务的第一要务”承上启下，符合语境。且G项中的health与下文中的unhealthy相照应。故选G。
2. 根据下文中的“If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it”可知，如果提供的食物不可口，宇航员可能会不吃它。由此可知，本段在说明食物的口味是很重要的。故A项“口味也很重要”符合语境。故选A。
3. 根据上文中的“Water or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic device and damage it”可知，液体或食物残渣可能会进入机器或电子设备并损坏它。F项“出于同样的原因，舱内从不使用锋利的刀叉”呼应下文“一把松动的刀在机舱里乱弹是很危险的”。故选F。
4. 根据下文中的“The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and back home again”可知，必须计算航天器中每一个物体的重量，以确保有足够的燃料和动力将航天器安全地送入太空和返回家园。B项“最后，重量是一个重要的问题”符合语境。故选B。
5. 根据下文中的“Most foods are stored in plastic bags, and often, the foods are dehydrated (使脱水)”可知，大多数食物都储存在塑料袋里，而且通常都是脱水的。说明食物的包装做得尽可能轻。故选C。
21~35.【答案】D、C、A、A、B、C、C、A、C、B、D、D、B、B、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】在快节奏的现代生活中，我们几乎一刻不停地忙着自己的工作，并且认为生活给我们的一切都是理所当然的。本文讲述了作者在经历了一次突发的阑尾炎后，才明白一个道理：我们要学会在忙碌中停下脚步，去欣赏身边美丽的人和事。
句意：我以为第二天就会好了，然而情况并不是原来想的那样。A.problem“问题，难题”；B.reason“原因”；C.point“重点”；D.case“具体情况”。根据下文中的“I woke up with even more pain”可知，第二天作者感觉疼痛更剧烈了，所以情况（case）不是原来作者想的（第二天就好了）那样。故选D。
2. 句意：我醒来时，胃部比我预想的更疼了。A.caused“导致”；B.planned“计划”；C.expected“预想”；D.discovered“发现”。根据上文中的“I thought it would be fine the next day”可知，作者本来以为第二天就没事了，结果比她预料（expected) 的更疼。故选C。
3. 句意：我不愿意去看医生，但是在朋友Vera和她家人的压力下，我决定去看医生了。A.determined“决定”；B.aimed“力争做到”；C.begged“恳求”；D.afforded“（有时间）做”。根据下文中的“The doctor said I had to have an operation”可知，作者决定去看医生了，故选A。
4. 句意：经过许多检查之后，确诊了——我得了阑尾炎。A.tests“检验，检查”；B.surveys“调查”；C.discussions“讨论”；D.experiments“试验，实验”。根据下文中的“it was confirmed—it was appendicitis”可知，经过许多检查之后才确诊。故选A。
5. 句意：医生说我必须做手术，手术时间安排在第二天早上。A.challenged“质疑，挑战”；B.scheduled“安排，预定”；C.tried“努力，尝试”；D.studied“研究，学习”。根据下文中的“I finally had my surgery the next morning”可知，手术被安排在第二天。故选B。
6. 句意：我会失业多久呢？A.out of control“失去控制”；B.out of date“过时的”；C.out of work“失业”；D.out of order“行为不当”。根据下文中的“not having to work, just relax”可知，作者担心失业。故选C。
7. 句意：手术过程中我是醒着的吗？根据下文中的“If not, what if I couldn't wake up ”可知，作者担心自己手术中是否为醒着（awake）的状态以及手术后能不能醒来。故选C。
8. 句意：对于没完没了的问题，Vera的母亲给出了回答。A.answer“回答”；B.access“机会，权利”；C.attitude“态度”；D.limit“限制”。根据下文中的“to my never-ending questions”可知，Vera的母亲给出了回答（answer）。故选A。
9. 句意：你可以担心任何事，但是如果到时候来不及治疗，该怎么办。根据上文中的“Why are you so bothered about the wrong things ”和下文中的“What will you worry about then ”可知，作者为错误的事情感到烦恼，Vera的母亲问作者如果到时候来不及治疗，那时候会担心什么。故选C。
10. 句意：第二天早上我最终还是做了手术，而且手术成功了。A.harmful“有害的”；B.successful“成功的”；C.painful“令人痛苦的”；D.meaningful“重要的”。根据最后一段中的“I was in bed resting for a little over a week”可知，作者休息了一周多的时间，故作者的手术成功（successful）了。故选B。
11. 句意：我学会了不再把生命看成是理所当然的事情。A.happened“发生”；B.pretended“假装”；C.preferred“更喜欢”；D.learned“学会”。根据上文内容和下文中的“not to take life for granted”可知，经过这件事，作者学会了（learned）不再把生命看成是理所当然的事情。故选D。
12. 句意：在那一周，我发现我自己开始重视空闲时间——不工作，只是放松。A.imagining“想象”；B.using“使用”；C.spending“花费”；D.appreciating“重视，欣赏”。根据下文中的“Enjoy the beautiful people and things around us”可知，作者开始重视（appreciating）空闲时间了。故选D。
13. 句意：我们不应该等到某些事情迫使我们放松才去做。A.advises“建议”；B.forces“迫使”；C.wishes“希望”；D.reminds“提醒”。结合上文内容可知，作者直到生病才被迫停下来享受生活。故选B。
14. 句意：我们需要在这个快速变化的世界中抽出一些时间停下来然后享受生命的奇迹。A.regularly“有规律地”；B.quickly“快速地”；C.gradually“逐渐地”；D.obviously“明显地”。结合上文中的“Sometimes it's good to take some time off from our daily routines”可知，我们需要在这个快速变化的世界中抽出一些时间。故选B。
15. 句意同上。A.life“生活”；B.kindness“善良”；C.desire“渴望”；D.nature“自然”。根据最后一段中的“Enjoy the beautiful people and things around us”可知，我们要抽出时间停下来，享受生命（life）的奇迹，欣赏我们身边美丽的人和事。上文中的“not to take life for granted”也是提示。故选A。
36.【答案】【小题1】
to explore
【小题2】
are explained
【小题3】
which
【小题4】
mentioned
【小题5】
easier
【小题6】
an
【小题7】
into
【小题8】
featuring
【小题9】
Additionally
【小题10】
relics
【解析】1. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰mankind's efforts。故填to explore。
2. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。分析句子结构可知，主语表示复数含义，且与explain之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填are explained。
3. 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语。故填which。
4. 考查动词的时态。根据下文中的An said可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填mentioned。
5. 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境和空前的much可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填easier。
6. 考查冠词。cover an area of...表示“占地面积为……”，为固定用法。故填an。
7. 考查介词。divide sth. into...意为“把某物分成……”，为固定搭配。故填into。
8. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处与其逻辑主语之间为主谓关系，故用动词的-ing形式作状语。故填featuring。
9. 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，修饰整个句子，且表示“另外”。故填Additionally。
10. 考查名词复数。relic为可数名词，且根据空前的“120 pieces or sets of”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填relics。
37.【答案】 Several days later, Grandfather put on his best suit for his first day of school. He arrived at the library an hour early. During that first class, he was so worried and nervous that he couldn't remember anything the teacher said. He felt very sad and even wanted to give up. Joey encouraged him and promised to help with his study. They learned together and worked hard on the lesson every day. He took over a lot of chores to give his grandfather more time to study. Grandfather's constant efforts earned considerable progress in the following months.
Months later, Grandfather said to Joey,“I just got a letter from Aunt Helen and let me read it to you." As Grandfather read, he pronounced each word very slowly. When he finished reading the letter, Joey cried. He was so proud of his grandfather for overcoming a lifelong obstacle that his chest felt as though it was about to burst. Grandfather looked up from the page and locked his tear-filled eyes on Joey. "Grandfather," said Joey, "good job! I'm so proud of you." Grandfather smiled back.
【解析】略
38.【答案】 DearTom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space. ①I don't agree that exploring space is a waste of time and money. Actually, it's more important than you can imagine.
The space technology can help to improve the techniques in other fields. ②With the help of satellites, GPS is widely used all over the world. Besides, space technology represents a country's scientific and technological level. ③ Last but not least, exploring space helps us to think about the future of mankind.
In closing, exploring space is so important that we should continue this great project.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文是应用文写作。要求给笔友Tom写一封英文信，陈述对Tom的观点的看法和自己对太空探索的看法和理由。要求文章脉路清晰，格式整洁，尽量运用自己熟悉的词汇，也要用一些高级词汇来提高文章的档次。
【亮点词汇】
①a waste of time and money浪费时间和金钱
②With the help of satellites在卫星的帮助之下
③In closing总而言之
【高分句型】
①I don't agree that exploring space is a waste of time and money. (that引导的宾语从句）
②With the help of satellites, GPS is widely used all over the world. (一般现在时的被动语态)
③Last but not least, exploring space helps us to think about the future of mankind. (动词的-ing形式作主语）
【结构布局】
引言：对Tom观点的看法
中心：介绍自己对太空探索的看法和理由
结尾：发出倡议
【拓展词汇】
①play an increasingly important part in在……中起越来越重要的作用
②have good/bad/positive/negative effects on对……有好的/坏的/积极的/消极的影响
【拓展句型】
①There is no doubt that modern science and technology bring us convenience and comfort in life.毫无疑问，现代科学技术给我们的生活带来了方便和舒适。
②Future is actually like a secret, some areas of which are beyond the reach of our imagination.未来事实上就像一个谜，有些领域我们简直无法想象。
第19页，共19页
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Amity College is an English language training centre for adult learners, international students and employers in Wimbledon, South West London. We provide learners English classes all year round.
Experienced & Qualified (有资格的) English Tutors
Our native English-speaking trainers are qualified and will provide lessons and study materials according to your needs. One-to-one, one-to-two and group learning choices are available (可获得的), making it easy to study English on your own, with friends or with others.
Flexible, Various English Courses
At Amity College, we put our learners first. Lessons are conducted on weekdays during the morning, afternoon, or evening with 10 students per class at most, so plenty of personal attention is ensured.
General English This course is designed to improve your general English language level for use in everyday situations.
Students are encouraged to participate in college events to improve their English.
English for Academic Purposes English for Academic Purposes is an English language course for speakers of other languages.
The course is designed to bring English skills to a level that will help students be successful in college courses.
Business English This course is for business people who want to focus on effective communication skills.
It will cover necessary business skills such as telephone language, English for business meetings, presentations and report writing.
English Conversation & Pronunciation Classes take place in small groups to allow as much speaking time as possible.
Class exercises will be given according to your skill level and personal requirements.
Convenient Location in Wimbledon
Our school is located in Wimbledon, less than five-minutes' walk from Wimbledon Train Station. In Wimbledon and the surrounding area there are many restaurants, pubs and historical places.
Wimbledon is about 15 minutes from Central London by train and is linked (连接) directly by bus to Kingston, South Wimbledon, West Wimbledon, New Malden, Tooting and Balham.
1. How many learning choices are offered
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
2. Which can help you prepare for college courses
A. General English.
B. English for Academic Purposes.
C. Business English.
D. English Conversation & Pronunciation.
3. How might a learner get to Wimbledon from New Malden
A. By train. B. By bus. C. By air. D. By boat.
B
Since being introduced to chess at the age of six, Tanitoluwa "Tani" Adewumi has had one goal. He wants to become the world's youngest-ever grandmaster—the highest title a chess player can achieve. The record is currently held by Russian chess player Sergey Alexandrovich Karjakin, who won the title in 2002 at the age of 12 years and 7 months.
On May 1, 2021, the now 10-year-old Tani came one step closer to achieving his dream by becoming America's newest national chess master. The title, awarded by the US Chess Federation, requires players to get a rating of between 2200 to 2400. The boy, who practices for up to 11 hours every day after school, says the secret to his success is thinking of his plays ahead of time. Tani told NPR, "In a normal position, I can do up to 20 moves in advance."
The now fifth-grader fell in love with chess in 2017 after being taught the basics by a part-time teacher at his elementary school in Manhattan, New York. However, his mother couldn't make up her mind to allow him to join the school's chess club due to the travel and chess competition costs. The family of four were living in a homeless shelter and did not have extra funds to spare.
When his mother explained the family's situation to the chess club's instructor, Russell Makofsky, he immediately waived(免除) all costs for the young boy. Tani did not disappoint. Less than a year after joining the club, he had won seven awards. In 2019, the then eight-year-old, who was still living in a homeless shelter, made national headlines when he beat 73 competitors to win the New York State K-3 scholastic championship. His moving story went viral and a GoFundMe campaign(活动), set up by Makofsky, helped raise enough funds for Tani and his family to move into a new house.
4. What's the main factor in Tani's success in his own opinion
A. Practicing chess for a long time every day.
B. Learning from national chess masters.
C. Thinking twice before making a move.
D. Setting up a role model for himself.
5. How did Tani's mother feel about his entering into the chess club at first
A. Proud. B. Undecided. C. Scared. D. Unbelievable.
6. What can we infer about Russell Makofsky
A. He managed to post Tani's story online.
B. He helped improve Tani's living conditions.
C. He became famous after Tani's winning awards.
D. He was disappointed at Tani s performance at first.
7. Which words can best describe Tani
A. Independent and helpful. B. Talented and hard-working.
C. Kind-hearted and grateful. D. Curious and creative.
C
A solar-powered car that can be charged as it drives is being tested in Germany. Munich-based producer Sono Motors has built the new type, named Sion, and will likely help the European company hit its national goal of 1 million electric cars on the road.
Sono Motors which was founded in 2016 wants to achieve great development in the electric car market. It is on its way to beginning production of one of the first affordable electric cars—the Sion.
The Sion has a total of 248 solar cells built into the vehicle, which enable the vehicle to recharge its battery when sunlight is hitting the solar cells, whether it is on the road, or parked in the sunny spot in a car park. Sono Motors has also included support for traditional power outlets(电源插座)—so car owners aren't left on cloudy days.
The Sion also uses moss(苔藓) fixed into the dashboard to naturally change the wetness inside the car. The solar panel-packed vehicle is set to put into the market in Germany before long.
Sono Motors wants the Sion to be universal and hopes to allow the car to be charged using solar energy as well as traditional outlets. Some 8,800 people have already placed orders for the electric vehicle. Prices for the Sion tend to start from ?16,000 next year. The all-electric vehicle will offer a range of up to 305 km before the battery runs out completely and it needs to recharge by either solar power or using a wall outlet, the company said.
The Sion was designed originally as an environmentally friendly car. It will also be designed around comfort to help it compete with other modern vehicles. "We have a seat heater and there is air conditioning and a large infotainment(资讯娱乐节目) system where I can also connect my phone interactively, which means I really have a vehicle which is very simple and has no decoration," Laurin Hahn, co-founder and CEO of the company told Reuters.
8. Why can the Sion continue to work even on a cloudy day
A. It has 248 solar cells working.
B. It can use traditional power outlets.
C. It can be recharged wherever it stops.
D. It stores lots of energy ahead of time.
9. Why is the moss used in the Sion
A. To decorate the car. B. To keep the air fresh.
C. To control the wetness. D. To change the temperature.
10. What can we know about the Sion from Laurin Hahn's words
A. It is nicely decorated. B. It is expected to be cheaper.
C. It has many unique functions. D. It needs to be further improved.
11. What's the best title of the text
A. The First Electric Cars Put into the Market
B. New Solar-powered Cars Developed in Germany
C. Sono Motors Contributing to Environmental Protection
D. The Solar-powered Cars Taking the Place of Traditional Cars
D
The story of moon trees started in 1971, when Apollo 14 started a task to the moon. The task pilot was Stuart Roosa, a former U. S. Forest Service smoke jumper. When he was selected for the job, a few of his Forest Service co-workers asked him to take hundreds of tree seeds(种子) into space with him. He agreed.
Seeds were collected from five types of trees: loblolly pine, sycamore, sweetgum, redwood, and Douglas fir. The seeds were sorted—there were 400-500 in total—and another set of seeds remained on Earth as a control sample(对照样本).
On Jan. 31, 1971, Roosa, along with astronauts Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell, took off on the third task to the moon. The seeds stayed with Roosa as he moved around the moon and flew back to Earth. But the tool containing the seeds burst open, and the crew thought the seeds couldn't germinate any longer. However, the Forest Service sent the seeds to two of their stations anyway. Nearly all of the seeds began to sprout(发芽), and after a few years, the Forest Service had more than 420 young moon trees.
In 1975 and 1976, most of the young trees were given away to be planted for the country's two hundredth celebration. Not all states received trees because the five species were from western and southern states and wouldn't grow in other climates. Other young moon trees found homes in the U. S. such as at the White House, the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, Washington Square in Philadelphia, Valley Forge National Historical Park in Pennsylvania, and various universities. Some trees were given away as gifts to other countries, including Brazil, Switzerland, and Japan.
The number of moon trees has increased over the years, as cuttings were taken off moon trees and replanted. These second-generation moon trees are called half-moon trees. Roosa passed away in 1994, but a moon sycamore stands over his grave in Virginia.
12. Why were a set of tree seeds left on Earth
A. To tell moon trees apart easily.
B. To ensure their growth under control.
C. To protect them against being damaged.
D. To make a comparison with seeds in space.
13. What does the underlined word "germinate" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Suffer. B. Grow. C. Float. D. Change.
14. What do we know about moon trees from the last paragraph
A. Their type has increased greatly.
B. They are renamed half-moon trees.
C. They don't grow very well on Earth.
D. Their cuttings lead to more moon trees.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. The story of moon trees.
B. The discovery of moon trees.
C. The three tasks of Roosa to the moon.
D. The contribution of Roosa to moon trees growth.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
How is dining in space different from eating on Earth If you send astronauts into space, you have to send along food as well. But what do astronauts eat, and how do they eat it Scientists take several factors into consideration as they plan meals for space.
First, and possibly most important, is nutrition (营养). (1) Providing junk food to eat, such as potato chips, sodas, and pizza, would make the astronauts unhealthy.
(2) If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it. If you've ever tried to concentrate on something important while your stomach doesn't feel well, you'll know why the scientists in charge of a space mission want their astronauts to eat regularly.
The lack of gravity in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space. Meals must be packaged carefully so they won't spill into the cabin (one of the areas inside a spacecraft). Water or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic device and damage it. (3) A loose knife bouncing (弹起) around inside the cabin would be dangerous.
(4) The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and back home again. (5) Most foods are stored in plastic bags, and often, the foods are dehydrated (使脱水). When an astronaut is ready to eat, hot water is added to the meal and warm it up.
Despite all these requirements, much of the food eaten in space is actually similar to what you might eat on any given day.
A. Taste is also important.
B. Finally, weight is an important concern.
C. Food packaging is made to be as light as possible.
D. Believe it or not, they also have fresh fruits and vegetables.
E. Nutrition and practicality are important things to consider.
F. For the same reason sharp knives and forks are never used on board.
G. Keeping astronauts' physical health is a top task for any space mission.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
I went to my friend Vera's house on a Thursday evening when I began experiencing stomach pain. I thought it would be fine the next day; however, that was not the (21) . I woke up with even more pain than I had (22) . I was unwilling to go to the doctor, but after a lot of pressure from my friend—Vera and her family, I (23) to see the doctor.
After many (24) , it was confirmed—it was appendicitis. The doctor said I had to have an operation and (25) it for the next morning. My mind was flooded with so many questions. How long would I be out of (26) How much would it all cost Would I be (27) for the surgery If not, what if I couldn't wake up
Vera's mom gave me the (28) to my never-ending questions. She said, "Why are you so bothered about the wrong things This is your life! You can worry about anything, but what if it is too (29) to treat you What will you worry about then " I finally had my surgery the next morning and it turned out to be (30) .
I was in bed resting for a little over a week. I (31) not to take life for granted. In that week, I found myself (32) my free time—not having to work, just relax. Sometimes it's good to take some time off from our daily routines. We shouldn't wait till something (33) us to. Take time out of this (34) moving world to stop and enjoy the wonders of (35) . Enjoy the beautiful people and things around us.
21. A. problem B. reason C. point D. case
22. A. caused B. planned C. expected D. discovered
23. A. determined B. aimed C. begged D. afforded
24. A. tests B. surveys C. discussions D. experiments
25. A. challenged B. scheduled C. tried D. studied
26. A. control B. date C. work D. order
27. A. alone B. afraid C. awake D. alive
28. A. answer B. access C. attitude D. limit
29. A. cheap B. hard C. late D. soon
30. A. harmful B. successful C. painful D. meaningful
31. A. happened B. pretended C. preferred D. learned
32. A. imagining B. using C. spending D. appreciating
33. A. advises B. forces C. wishes D. reminds
34. A. regularly B. quickly C. gradually D. obviously
35. A. life B. kindness C. desire D. nature
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. The Shanghai Astronomy (天文学) Museum has started operation. It aims to show mankind's efforts throughout history (1) (explore) the universe and China's latest achievements in space exploration.
A series of abstract concepts (抽象概念) and famous experiments related to astronomy (2) (explain) with models and experimental equipment, (3) makes astronomy more understandable. An, a geography teacher at a local high school (4) (mention) that the design of the museum is very clever with the concepts of time and space contained in the exhibition. "The exhibition makes it much (5) (easy) for visitors, especially students, to understand the universe and astronomy through physical objects on display," An said.
The museum is located in Lin-gang Special Area, a newly launched section of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. It covers (6) area of about 58,600 square meters. The main body of the museum is divided (7) three sections including "home" "universe" and "odyssey", (8) (feature) the solar system, the observable universe beyond the solar system and the history of human research on astronomy and space exploration. (9) (additional), the museum has collected more than 120 pieces or sets of precious cultural (10) (relic) including original works of astronomy geniuses (天才).
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One morning, Joey sat at the kitchen table and read the sports page of the paper. He heard his grandfather coming down the stairs. When his grandfather came into the kitchen, Joey could see he wasn't his usual happy self.
"Morning, Grandfather," he smiled. His grandfather sat across the table, looking sad. He didn't pick up the paper to read. Instead, he asked, "Joey, is anything happening in town today " "There's a ball game between Sequoyah Middle School and my school tonight. Would you like to go " Joey told him.
Joey felt bad for his grandfather. He knew he couldn't read. His grandfather had told him often, "I didn't have the chance to go to school regularly. Looking after the animals and tending to the crops on the farm were much more important in those days than learning to read."
One day Grandfather asked Joey, "Joey, would you go with me to the grocery store(食品杂货店) I need several things." In the store, Joey's grandfather walked up and down the aisles(过道), looking at all the pictures on the cans. He saw a can without a picture on it. "What's in that can " he asked. Joey, reading the label, said "It's a can of chicken soup." His grandfather walked to the meat counter but he couldn't read the prices or the labels. Finally, Grandfather gave Joey the grocery list and stepped out of the store. "I will meet you at the car," he said. Joey watched him go through the door, and he thought, "I wish I could help him out but I don't know where to begin and how to start."
The next day was Sunday. Joey went to the library to look through some books when he saw a sign on the library wall. It read, "Do you know somebody who can't read We can help. Just call this number." Joey wrote the number down, and hurried home. "Somebody can teach you how to read. Just call this number," Joey explained excitedly to his grandfather.
Paragraph 1:
Several days later, Grandfather put on, his best suit for his first day of school.
Paragraph 2:
Months later, Grandfather said to Joey, “I just got a letter from Aunt Helen and let me read it to you."
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信和你讨论他对太空探索的看法，他认为花巨资探索太空是没有必要的，请你据此给他写一封回信。内容包括：
(1)你对他的观点的看法；
(2)你对太空探索的看法和理由。
注意：
(1)词数80左右；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space. _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、B
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Amity College的师资力量、课程设置和地理位置。
1. 细节理解题。根据Experienced & Qualified (有资格的) English Tutors部分中One-to-one, one-to-two and group learning choices are available (可获得的)...可知，有一对一，一对二和小组学习三种上课模式，故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据表格内English for Academic Purposes部分中The course is designed to bring English skills to a level that will help students be successful in college courses.（该课程旨在将英语技能提升到有助于学生在大学课程中取得成功的水平。）可知，English for Academic Purposes课程可以帮助学生在大学课程中获得成功。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据Convenient Location in Wimbledon部分中Wimbledon is about 15 minutes from Central London by train and is linked (连接) directly by bus to Kingston, South Wimbledon, West Wimbledon, New Malden, Tooting and Balham.（Wimbledon距离伦敦市中心约15分钟的火车车程，可直接乘坐巴士前往Kingston、South Wimbledon、West Wimbledon、New Malden、Tooting和Balham。）可知，从New Malden到Wimbledon，坐公交车即可。故选B。
4~7.【答案】C、B、B、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一位国际象棋少年的成才之路。他六岁开始下国际象棋，十岁就获得了不起的成绩。
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The boy... says the secret to his success is thinking of his plays ahead of time”“In a normal position, I can do up to 20 moves in advance”可知，Tani认为他成功的主要因素就是对自己下的每一步棋三思而行。故选C。
2. 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“However, his mother couldn't make up her mind to allow him to join the school's chess club due to the travel and chess competition costs”可知，由于差旅费和国际象棋比赛的费用，Tani的母亲无法下定决心让他加入学校的国际象棋俱乐部。故选B。
3. 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“a GoFundMe campaign (活动), set up by Makofsky, helped raise enough funds for Tani and his family to move into a new house”可知，Russell Makofsky发起了GoFundMe活动，帮助Tani和他的家人筹集了足够的资金，让他们搬进了新房子。故选B。
4. 考查推理判断。本文主要讲述了一位国际象棋少年的成才之路。他六岁开始下国际象棋，十岁就获得了不起的成绩。再根据文中的“practices for up to 11 hours every day after school”等信息可知，Tani既有天赋又努力。故选B。
8~11.【答案】B、C、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了德国生产的一款太阳能汽车，这款太阳能汽车不久将在德国上市。
1. 根据第三段中Motors has also included support for traditional power outlets(电源插座)—so car owners aren't left on cloudy days.可知，因为这款车支持传统的电源插座，所以即使在阴天，这款车也可以继续工作。故选B。
2. 根据第四段中The Sion also uses moss(苔藓) fixed into the dashboard to naturally change the wetness inside the car.可知，苔藓可以改变车内的湿度。故选C。
3. 根据最后一段中We have a seat heater and there is air conditioning and a large infotainment(资讯娱乐节目) system... very simple and has no decoration（我们有一个座椅加热器，有空调，还有一个大型信息娱乐系统，我可以与我的手机互动，这意味着我真的有一辆非常简单、没有装饰的车）可知，这款车有很多独特的功能。故选C。
4. 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了德国生产的一款太阳能汽车，这款太阳能汽车不久将在德国上市。所以B项（德国研发的新型太阳能汽车）最适合作本文的标题。故选B。
12~15.【答案】D、B、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了月亮树的起源、发展及目前在美国的栽种情况。
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“and another set of seeds remained on Earth as a control sample (对照样本)”可知，另外一批种子被留在地球上，目的是跟带上月球的种子进行对比，看看太空之旅对种子是否有影响。故选D。
2. 考查词句猜测。根据画线词后的“However... Nearly all of the seeds began to sprout (发芽), and after a few years, the Forest Service had more than 420 young moon trees”可知，全体工作人员以为这些种子不会发芽，但是最后几乎所有的种子都发芽了，并在几年后长成了420多株幼小的月亮树。故此处germinate意为“发芽，开始生长”。故选B。
3. 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The number of moon trees has increased over the years, as cuttings were taken off moon trees and replanted”可知，多年来，因为扦插技术，月亮树的数量已经增加了。故选D。
4. 考查主旨大意。本文介绍了月亮树的起源、发展及目前在美国的栽种情况。故A项最能概括本文大意。故选A。
16~20.【答案】G、A、F、B、C
【解析】1. 【文章大意】在太空吃饭和在地球吃饭有何不同？本文介绍了科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑的几个因素。
根据上文中的“First, and possibly most important, is nutrition (营养)”和下文中的“Providing junk food... would make the astronauts unhealthy”可知，G项“保持宇航员的身体健康是任何太空任务的第一要务”承上启下，符合语境。且G项中的health与下文中的unhealthy相照应。故选G。
2. 根据下文中的“If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it”可知，如果提供的食物不可口，宇航员可能会不吃它。由此可知，本段在说明食物的口味是很重要的。故A项“口味也很重要”符合语境。故选A。
3. 根据上文中的“Water or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic device and damage it”可知，液体或食物残渣可能会进入机器或电子设备并损坏它。F项“出于同样的原因，舱内从不使用锋利的刀叉”呼应下文“一把松动的刀在机舱里乱弹是很危险的”。故选F。
4. 根据下文中的“The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and back home again”可知，必须计算航天器中每一个物体的重量，以确保有足够的燃料和动力将航天器安全地送入太空和返回家园。B项“最后，重量是一个重要的问题”符合语境。故选B。
5. 根据下文中的“Most foods are stored in plastic bags, and often, the foods are dehydrated (使脱水)”可知，大多数食物都储存在塑料袋里，而且通常都是脱水的。说明食物的包装做得尽可能轻。故选C。
21~35.【答案】D、C、A、A、B、C、C、A、C、B、D、D、B、B、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】在快节奏的现代生活中，我们几乎一刻不停地忙着自己的工作，并且认为生活给我们的一切都是理所当然的。本文讲述了作者在经历了一次突发的阑尾炎后，才明白一个道理：我们要学会在忙碌中停下脚步，去欣赏身边美丽的人和事。
句意：我以为第二天就会好了，然而情况并不是原来想的那样。A.problem“问题，难题”；B.reason“原因”；C.point“重点”；D.case“具体情况”。根据下文中的“I woke up with even more pain”可知，第二天作者感觉疼痛更剧烈了，所以情况（case）不是原来作者想的（第二天就好了）那样。故选D。
2. 句意：我醒来时，胃部比我预想的更疼了。A.caused“导致”；B.planned“计划”；C.expected“预想”；D.discovered“发现”。根据上文中的“I thought it would be fine the next day”可知，作者本来以为第二天就没事了，结果比她预料（expected) 的更疼。故选C。
3. 句意：我不愿意去看医生，但是在朋友Vera和她家人的压力下，我决定去看医生了。A.determined“决定”；B.aimed“力争做到”；C.begged“恳求”；D.afforded“（有时间）做”。根据下文中的“The doctor said I had to have an operation”可知，作者决定去看医生了，故选A。
4. 句意：经过许多检查之后，确诊了——我得了阑尾炎。A.tests“检验，检查”；B.surveys“调查”；C.discussions“讨论”；D.experiments“试验，实验”。根据下文中的“it was confirmed—it was appendicitis”可知，经过许多检查之后才确诊。故选A。
5. 句意：医生说我必须做手术，手术时间安排在第二天早上。A.challenged“质疑，挑战”；B.scheduled“安排，预定”；C.tried“努力，尝试”；D.studied“研究，学习”。根据下文中的“I finally had my surgery the next morning”可知，手术被安排在第二天。故选B。
6. 句意：我会失业多久呢？A.out of control“失去控制”；B.out of date“过时的”；C.out of work“失业”；D.out of order“行为不当”。根据下文中的“not having to work, just relax”可知，作者担心失业。故选C。
7. 句意：手术过程中我是醒着的吗？根据下文中的“If not, what if I couldn't wake up ”可知，作者担心自己手术中是否为醒着（awake）的状态以及手术后能不能醒来。故选C。
8. 句意：对于没完没了的问题，Vera的母亲给出了回答。A.answer“回答”；B.access“机会，权利”；C.attitude“态度”；D.limit“限制”。根据下文中的“to my never-ending questions”可知，Vera的母亲给出了回答（answer）。故选A。
9. 句意：你可以担心任何事，但是如果到时候来不及治疗，该怎么办。根据上文中的“Why are you so bothered about the wrong things ”和下文中的“What will you worry about then ”可知，作者为错误的事情感到烦恼，Vera的母亲问作者如果到时候来不及治疗，那时候会担心什么。故选C。
10. 句意：第二天早上我最终还是做了手术，而且手术成功了。A.harmful“有害的”；B.successful“成功的”；C.painful“令人痛苦的”；D.meaningful“重要的”。根据最后一段中的“I was in bed resting for a little over a week”可知，作者休息了一周多的时间，故作者的手术成功（successful）了。故选B。
11. 句意：我学会了不再把生命看成是理所当然的事情。A.happened“发生”；B.pretended“假装”；C.preferred“更喜欢”；D.learned“学会”。根据上文内容和下文中的“not to take life for granted”可知，经过这件事，作者学会了（learned）不再把生命看成是理所当然的事情。故选D。
12. 句意：在那一周，我发现我自己开始重视空闲时间——不工作，只是放松。A.imagining“想象”；B.using“使用”；C.spending“花费”；D.appreciating“重视，欣赏”。根据下文中的“Enjoy the beautiful people and things around us”可知，作者开始重视（appreciating）空闲时间了。故选D。
13. 句意：我们不应该等到某些事情迫使我们放松才去做。A.advises“建议”；B.forces“迫使”；C.wishes“希望”；D.reminds“提醒”。结合上文内容可知，作者直到生病才被迫停下来享受生活。故选B。
14. 句意：我们需要在这个快速变化的世界中抽出一些时间停下来然后享受生命的奇迹。A.regularly“有规律地”；B.quickly“快速地”；C.gradually“逐渐地”；D.obviously“明显地”。结合上文中的“Sometimes it's good to take some time off from our daily routines”可知，我们需要在这个快速变化的世界中抽出一些时间。故选B。
15. 句意同上。A.life“生活”；B.kindness“善良”；C.desire“渴望”；D.nature“自然”。根据最后一段中的“Enjoy the beautiful people and things around us”可知，我们要抽出时间停下来，享受生命（life）的奇迹，欣赏我们身边美丽的人和事。上文中的“not to take life for granted”也是提示。故选A。
36.【答案】【小题1】
to explore
【小题2】
are explained
【小题3】
which
【小题4】
mentioned
【小题5】
easier
【小题6】
an
【小题7】
into
【小题8】
featuring
【小题9】
Additionally
【小题10】
relics
【解析】1. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰mankind's efforts。故填to explore。
2. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。分析句子结构可知，主语表示复数含义，且与explain之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填are explained。
3. 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语。故填which。
4. 考查动词的时态。根据下文中的An said可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填mentioned。
5. 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境和空前的much可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填easier。
6. 考查冠词。cover an area of...表示“占地面积为……”，为固定用法。故填an。
7. 考查介词。divide sth. into...意为“把某物分成……”，为固定搭配。故填into。
8. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处与其逻辑主语之间为主谓关系，故用动词的-ing形式作状语。故填featuring。
9. 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，修饰整个句子，且表示“另外”。故填Additionally。
10. 考查名词复数。relic为可数名词，且根据空前的“120 pieces or sets of”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填relics。
37.【答案】 Several days later, Grandfather put on his best suit for his first day of school. He arrived at the library an hour early. During that first class, he was so worried and nervous that he couldn't remember anything the teacher said. He felt very sad and even wanted to give up. Joey encouraged him and promised to help with his study. They learned together and worked hard on the lesson every day. He took over a lot of chores to give his grandfather more time to study. Grandfather's constant efforts earned considerable progress in the following months.
Months later, Grandfather said to Joey,“I just got a letter from Aunt Helen and let me read it to you." As Grandfather read, he pronounced each word very slowly. When he finished reading the letter, Joey cried. He was so proud of his grandfather for overcoming a lifelong obstacle that his chest felt as though it was about to burst. Grandfather looked up from the page and locked his tear-filled eyes on Joey. "Grandfather," said Joey, "good job! I'm so proud of you." Grandfather smiled back.
【解析】略
38.【答案】 DearTom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space. ①I don't agree that exploring space is a waste of time and money. Actually, it's more important than you can imagine.
The space technology can help to improve the techniques in other fields. ②With the help of satellites, GPS is widely used all over the world. Besides, space technology represents a country's scientific and technological level. ③ Last but not least, exploring space helps us to think about the future of mankind.
In closing, exploring space is so important that we should continue this great project.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文是应用文写作。要求给笔友Tom写一封英文信，陈述对Tom的观点的看法和自己对太空探索的看法和理由。要求文章脉路清晰，格式整洁，尽量运用自己熟悉的词汇，也要用一些高级词汇来提高文章的档次。
【亮点词汇】
①a waste of time and money浪费时间和金钱
②With the help of satellites在卫星的帮助之下
③In closing总而言之
【高分句型】
①I don't agree that exploring space is a waste of time and money. (that引导的宾语从句）
②With the help of satellites, GPS is widely used all over the world. (一般现在时的被动语态)
③Last but not least, exploring space helps us to think about the future of mankind. (动词的-ing形式作主语）
【结构布局】
引言：对Tom观点的看法
中心：介绍自己对太空探索的看法和理由
结尾：发出倡议
【拓展词汇】
①play an increasingly important part in在……中起越来越重要的作用
②have good/bad/positive/negative effects on对……有好的/坏的/积极的/消极的影响
【拓展句型】
①There is no doubt that modern science and technology bring us convenience and comfort in life.毫无疑问，现代科学技术给我们的生活带来了方便和舒适。
②Future is actually like a secret, some areas of which are beyond the reach of our imagination.未来事实上就像一个谜，有些领域我们简直无法想象。
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