人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 复习巩固检测(含答案）
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选择性必修三Unit 4 Adversity and Courage复习巩固学案
Part I Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Holidays are expensive and，for those on low （工资），they are often unobtainable.
2. Losing the basketball match last week was a （激烈而不愉快的） disappointment for the team.
3. I said goodbye to my friend as he got （上，登上）the train at Beijing Railway Station.
4. They enjoyed an income and lifestyle that many people would （羡慕）.
5. He saw the corner of a magazine sticking out from under the （毛毯）.
6. We must find ways to assure our children a （相当不错的） start in life.
7. The reforms are motivated by a （真正的）concern for the disabled.
8. My heart （下沉） because I thought he was going to leave me behind.
Ⅱ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
dream of，keep up，set off，turn back，turn down，stick in，after all，full of vigour
1. The little girl has several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
2. Nowadays many young people from the countryside finding good jobs in big cities.
3. During Spring Festival，people like to firecrackers and put up spring couplets on the door.
4. At dusk，I walked as far as the lake and then I made up my mind to .
5. Mr. Smith was thirty minutes late for the meeting because he had been traffic jam.
6. Faced with challenges，you’d better a good state of mind.
7. I don’t know why you are so concerned—it isn’t your problem .
8. Young people， and vitality，are like the sun at eight or nine in the morning.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. In my opinion，there is no evidence indicating that he is a （qualify） doctor.
2. Before I entered the competition，I had mixed program of strength and （endure）training.
3. I was always an （enthusiasm）reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.
4. Never will I forget my first （assign） at the office of a popular English newspaper.
5. If you don’t have an aim，you will drift like an （abandon） ship at sea.
6. He asked me to take fewer （belong） as there was little room left in our car.
7. With faith and （persevere），Goodall finally overcame all the difficulties.
8. They made a （resolve）to go climbing Mount Tai on Sunday.
Ⅳ. 一句多译
1. 我下火车时碰巧在下雨，因此只好乘出租车。
① __________________ it was raining when I got off the train and I had to take a taxi. （it作形式主语）
②It happened ______________when I got off the train and I had to take a taxi. （动词不定式短语）
2. 没有你的帮助，我不可能取得这么大的进步。
① ___________________，I would not have made such great progress. （without）
②If it_________________，I would not such great progress. （if引导的虚拟条件句）
3. 能有机会参加这次会议被认为是很大的荣耀。
①People _______________a great honor to have a chance to attend the conference. （it作形式宾语）
② ____________________ a great honor to have a chance to attend the conference. （it作形式主语）
4. 他给我们讲的这个故事多么有趣啊！
① _____________________ he is telling us!（what引导的感叹句）
② _____________________ he is telling us!（how引导的感叹句）
5. 树上的苹果太高了，我够不着。
①The apples on the tree are ____________________________. （too...to...句式）
②The apples on the tree are ________________________them. （so...that...句式）
Part II Learning About Language
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Animal rights advocates argue that zoos are really animal prisons and very often __________（残忍的）.
2. In an attempt to find the lost treasure，they made a （彻底的） search of the house.
3. We thought of selling this old （家具），but we’ve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable.
4. （不幸地），her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s.
5. If you put on （潮湿的） clothes in such weather，you will probably catch cold.
6. All the family members need to have their own interests and （娱乐活动）.
7. I would like to apply for the position which was （做广告） in yesterday’s newspaper.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. The morning sun rises in the east，casting its rays ______________（向四面八方）.
2. I was very ______________（对……热情） the lecture，but his remark on it made me disappointed.
3. Mr. Johnson was grateful for and_______________（为……感到骄傲）his son’s remarkable performance.
4. We decided to___________（尽力）to solve the problem，however difficult it was.
5. __________________（在他的指导下），the workers finally managed to solve the problem ahead of schedule.
6. Organized games can teach us how to _______________（团队合作）and get along with others.
7. All of us were shocked to hear the boy talking _______________（以粗鲁的方式）.
8. You have to learn to take down the key points____________（即使） you don’t take them in.
语法专项练
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. I’m sure you will do better in the test because you （study） so hard this year.
2. Tom （work） in the library every night over the last three months.
3. —We’ve spent too much money recently.
—Well，it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives （come） around all the time.
4. Mother wanted to be a good provider，a role she （shoulder） since her marriage to father.
5. —Why，Jack，you look so tired!
—Well，I （paint） the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
6. Joseph （go） to evening classes since last month，but he still can’t say“What’s your name ”in Russian.
7. —Why do you want to work for our company
—This is the job that I （look）for.
8. —Where is Peter I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and （write） his essay there ever since.
9. —Sir，I’m here.
—Please listen. I （consider） asking your parents to come to our school，but I’d like to hear your opinion first.
10. Little Tom should be up because he （sleep）for nine hours.
Ⅳ. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. My sister （一直在寻找） a job for three months，and this is her formal interview.
2. The kids are dirty all over because they （一直在玩） in the mud all the morning.
3. —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
—I think so. He （一直在做准备） it for months.
4. —I have got a headache.
—No wonder. You （一直坐在）in front of that computer too long.
5. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School，where she （一直在学习） English for a year.
6. It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him，but research indicates that the numbers （一直在上升）for some time.
Part III Using Language
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. They insisted on it that the （发动机）should be repaired as soon as possible.
2. Her name has been mentioned as a favoured leadership （候选人）.
3. The first （片段） of the TV series occupies a peak evening viewing slot.
4. The company’s （承诺） to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.
5. The people are the （动机）force in the making of world history.
6. Lu Xun was （忠实的）to the people，bending his back to the task until his dying day.
Ⅱ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
pay back，make fire，give off，ahead of，cheer up，sign up for，at times，consist of，arrange for，be suitable for
1. In order to survive in the wild，we had to learn how to collect water and .
2. There are many fireflies in the forest which flashes of light when they fly at night.
3. As far as I am concerned，you’d better finish your teaching tasks time.
4. The teacher tried to the disappointed boy when he failed to win the prize.
5. Can you lend me 10 dollars I will the money to you on Friday.
6. In order to be more competitive，my friend decided to a computer class.
7. The account information two parts：network and local system.
8. We’ve you to visit the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
9. The match took nearly three hours and was interrupted by rain.
10. I hear from my friends that the course English beginners.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. I have arranged for Tom （pick）up the experts at the airport.
2. she could move out of the room，she heard a loud noise.
3. Thanks to your hard work，we can finish the task ahead schedule.
4. He was a good man who was （commit）to his family as well as to his work.
5. Without passion，people won’t have the （motive）or the joy necessary for creative thinking.
6. Though some of the questions seem unfamiliar to me，they are easy （answer）.
7. Alone in a strange city，without friends and money，he fell despair.
8. It is very pleasant for him to travel and to explore is new.
答案
Part I Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ. 1. wages 2. bitter 3. aboard 4. envy 5. blanket 6. decent 7. genuine 8. sank
Ⅱ. 1. turned down 2. dream of 3. set off 4. turn back 5. stuck in 6. keep up 7. after all
8. full of vigour
Ⅲ. 1. qualified 句意：在我看来，没有证据表明他是个合格的医生。所填词修饰名词，所以用形容词形式。
2. endurance 句意：我在参赛之前做了一些混合性的包括力量和耐力的训练。根据前面的strength可知，此处应用名词，所以填endurance。
3. enthusiastic 句意：我一直是个热心的读者，小时候有时一天读三本书。由语境可知，此处要填形容词形式。
4. assignment 句意：我永远不会忘记我在一家畅销英文报纸的办公室的第一项工作任务。所填词作宾语，所以用名词形式。
5. abandoned 句意：如果没有目标，你就会像大海上的弃船一样随波逐流。根据句意可知，此处表示“被遗弃的”，所以用abandoned。
6. belongings 句意：他让我少拿点儿财物，因为在我们的车里几乎没有空间了。所填词作宾语，所以用名词形式。根据fewer可知，该词要用复数形式。
7. perseverance 句意：凭着信心和毅力，古德尔终于战胜了一切困难。所填词作介词的宾语，所以用名词形式。
8. resolution 句意：他们决定周日去爬泰山。make a resolution意为“决定，下决心”。
Ⅳ. 1. ①It so happened that it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句。
②to be raining 动词不定式的进行时。happen to be doing sth. 碰巧在做某事。
2. ①Without your help without是介词，意为“没有”。
②hadn’t helped，have made if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以用过去完成时。
3. ①consider it it是形式宾语，代替后面的动词不定式短语。
②It is considered it是形式主语，代替后面的动词不定式短语。
4. ①What an interesting story 感叹句的中心词是名词时，要用“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”形式。
②How interesting a story 感叹句的中心词是形容词时，要用“how+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”形式。
5. ① too high to reach too...to...意为“太……而不能……”。
②so high that I can’t reach so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
Part II Learning About Language
Ⅰ. 1. cruel 2. thorough 3. furniture 4. Unfortunately 5. damp 6. recreations 7. advertised
Ⅱ. 1. in all directions 2. enthusiastic about 3. proud of 4. try our best 5. Under his guidance 6. work as a team 7. in a rude manner 8. even though
Ⅲ. 1. have been studying 句意：我确信你将在这次考试中做得更好，因为这一年你一直用功学习。根据时间状语this year可知，这里是时间段；study这个动作表示一直持续到现在，还要继续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。
2. has been working/has worked 句意：在过去的三个月里，汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。根据时间状语over the last three months可知，句子应用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。
3. have been coming 句意：“我们最近花了太多钱。”“嗯，这并不奇怪。我们的朋友和亲戚一直来访。”根据all the time可知，此处用现在完成进行时。
4. has been shouldering 句意：母亲想成为一个好当家，自从她和父亲结婚以来，她就承担了这样一个角色。根据since her marriage to father可知，此处要用现在完成进行时。
5. have been painting 后文句意：嗯，我一直在给房子上油漆，而且必须在明天完成它。paint所表示的动作由过去开始，一直持续到说话之时而且还要继续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。
6. has been going 句意：约瑟夫从上个月开始上夜校，但他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。根据时间语境可知，此处用现在完成进行时。
7. have been looking 后文句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作。表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时。
8. has been writing 句意：“彼得在哪里 我到处都找不到他。”“他吃过早饭后去了图书馆，从那时起一直在那里写文章。”根据时间状语ever since可知，设空处表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在且还在进行，故用现在完成进行时。
9. have been considering 句意：“老师，我在。”“请听好。我一直在考虑让你父母来我们学校，但我想先听听你的意见。”have been considering是现在完成进行时结构，表示从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在并且还在进行。
10. has been sleeping 由语境可知，睡觉的9个小时应该持续到现在，而且在这9个小时里“他一直睡觉”，强调动作的持续进行，所以用现在完成进行时。
Ⅳ. 1. has been looking for 2. have been playing 3. has been preparing for 4. have been sitting
5. has been studying 6. have been rising
Part III Using Language
Ⅰ. 1. motor 2. candidate 3. episode 4. commitment 5. motive 6. loyal
Ⅱ. 1. make fire 2. give off 3. ahead of 4. cheer up 5. pay back 6. sign up for 7. consists of
8. arranged for 9. at times 10. is suitable for
Ⅲ. 1. to pick 句意：我已安排汤姆去机场接专家们。arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事。
2. Before 句意：她还没来得及出房间，就听见一声巨响。before表示“还没来得及；在……之前”。
3. of 句意：多亏你的努力，我们可以提前完成任务。ahead of schedule提前。
4. committed 句意：他是一个好人，对他的家庭和工作都尽心尽力。所填的词作表语，所以用形容词形式。
5. motivation 句意：没有激情，人们就不会有创造性思维所必需的动力和快乐。所填的词作宾语，所以用名词形式。
6. to answer 句意：虽然有些问题对我来说似乎不熟悉，但它们很容易回答。此处是“be+形容词+to do”结构。
7. into 句意：独自在一个陌生的城市，没有朋友和金钱，他陷入了绝望。fall into despair陷入绝望。
8. whatever/what 句意：对他来说，旅行和探索（任何）新的事物是非常愉快的。所填词引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语，所以用whatever/what。
Part I Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Holidays are expensive and，for those on low （工资），they are often unobtainable.
2. Losing the basketball match last week was a （激烈而不愉快的） disappointment for the team.
3. I said goodbye to my friend as he got （上，登上）the train at Beijing Railway Station.
4. They enjoyed an income and lifestyle that many people would （羡慕）.
5. He saw the corner of a magazine sticking out from under the （毛毯）.
6. We must find ways to assure our children a （相当不错的） start in life.
7. The reforms are motivated by a （真正的）concern for the disabled.
8. My heart （下沉） because I thought he was going to leave me behind.
Ⅱ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
dream of，keep up，set off，turn back，turn down，stick in，after all，full of vigour
1. The little girl has several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
2. Nowadays many young people from the countryside finding good jobs in big cities.
3. During Spring Festival，people like to firecrackers and put up spring couplets on the door.
4. At dusk，I walked as far as the lake and then I made up my mind to .
5. Mr. Smith was thirty minutes late for the meeting because he had been traffic jam.
6. Faced with challenges，you’d better a good state of mind.
7. I don’t know why you are so concerned—it isn’t your problem .
8. Young people， and vitality，are like the sun at eight or nine in the morning.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. In my opinion，there is no evidence indicating that he is a （qualify） doctor.
2. Before I entered the competition，I had mixed program of strength and （endure）training.
3. I was always an （enthusiasm）reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.
4. Never will I forget my first （assign） at the office of a popular English newspaper.
5. If you don’t have an aim，you will drift like an （abandon） ship at sea.
6. He asked me to take fewer （belong） as there was little room left in our car.
7. With faith and （persevere），Goodall finally overcame all the difficulties.
8. They made a （resolve）to go climbing Mount Tai on Sunday.
Ⅳ. 一句多译
1. 我下火车时碰巧在下雨，因此只好乘出租车。
① __________________ it was raining when I got off the train and I had to take a taxi. （it作形式主语）
②It happened ______________when I got off the train and I had to take a taxi. （动词不定式短语）
2. 没有你的帮助，我不可能取得这么大的进步。
① ___________________，I would not have made such great progress. （without）
②If it_________________，I would not such great progress. （if引导的虚拟条件句）
3. 能有机会参加这次会议被认为是很大的荣耀。
①People _______________a great honor to have a chance to attend the conference. （it作形式宾语）
② ____________________ a great honor to have a chance to attend the conference. （it作形式主语）
4. 他给我们讲的这个故事多么有趣啊！
① _____________________ he is telling us!（what引导的感叹句）
② _____________________ he is telling us!（how引导的感叹句）
5. 树上的苹果太高了，我够不着。
①The apples on the tree are ____________________________. （too...to...句式）
②The apples on the tree are ________________________them. （so...that...句式）
Part II Learning About Language
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Animal rights advocates argue that zoos are really animal prisons and very often __________（残忍的）.
2. In an attempt to find the lost treasure，they made a （彻底的） search of the house.
3. We thought of selling this old （家具），but we’ve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable.
4. （不幸地），her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s.
5. If you put on （潮湿的） clothes in such weather，you will probably catch cold.
6. All the family members need to have their own interests and （娱乐活动）.
7. I would like to apply for the position which was （做广告） in yesterday’s newspaper.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. The morning sun rises in the east，casting its rays ______________（向四面八方）.
2. I was very ______________（对……热情） the lecture，but his remark on it made me disappointed.
3. Mr. Johnson was grateful for and_______________（为……感到骄傲）his son’s remarkable performance.
4. We decided to___________（尽力）to solve the problem，however difficult it was.
5. __________________（在他的指导下），the workers finally managed to solve the problem ahead of schedule.
6. Organized games can teach us how to _______________（团队合作）and get along with others.
7. All of us were shocked to hear the boy talking _______________（以粗鲁的方式）.
8. You have to learn to take down the key points____________（即使） you don’t take them in.
语法专项练
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. I’m sure you will do better in the test because you （study） so hard this year.
2. Tom （work） in the library every night over the last three months.
3. —We’ve spent too much money recently.
—Well，it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives （come） around all the time.
4. Mother wanted to be a good provider，a role she （shoulder） since her marriage to father.
5. —Why，Jack，you look so tired!
—Well，I （paint） the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
6. Joseph （go） to evening classes since last month，but he still can’t say“What’s your name ”in Russian.
7. —Why do you want to work for our company
—This is the job that I （look）for.
8. —Where is Peter I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and （write） his essay there ever since.
9. —Sir，I’m here.
—Please listen. I （consider） asking your parents to come to our school，but I’d like to hear your opinion first.
10. Little Tom should be up because he （sleep）for nine hours.
Ⅳ. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. My sister （一直在寻找） a job for three months，and this is her formal interview.
2. The kids are dirty all over because they （一直在玩） in the mud all the morning.
3. —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
—I think so. He （一直在做准备） it for months.
4. —I have got a headache.
—No wonder. You （一直坐在）in front of that computer too long.
5. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School，where she （一直在学习） English for a year.
6. It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him，but research indicates that the numbers （一直在上升）for some time.
Part III Using Language
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. They insisted on it that the （发动机）should be repaired as soon as possible.
2. Her name has been mentioned as a favoured leadership （候选人）.
3. The first （片段） of the TV series occupies a peak evening viewing slot.
4. The company’s （承诺） to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.
5. The people are the （动机）force in the making of world history.
6. Lu Xun was （忠实的）to the people，bending his back to the task until his dying day.
Ⅱ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
pay back，make fire，give off，ahead of，cheer up，sign up for，at times，consist of，arrange for，be suitable for
1. In order to survive in the wild，we had to learn how to collect water and .
2. There are many fireflies in the forest which flashes of light when they fly at night.
3. As far as I am concerned，you’d better finish your teaching tasks time.
4. The teacher tried to the disappointed boy when he failed to win the prize.
5. Can you lend me 10 dollars I will the money to you on Friday.
6. In order to be more competitive，my friend decided to a computer class.
7. The account information two parts：network and local system.
8. We’ve you to visit the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
9. The match took nearly three hours and was interrupted by rain.
10. I hear from my friends that the course English beginners.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. I have arranged for Tom （pick）up the experts at the airport.
2. she could move out of the room，she heard a loud noise.
3. Thanks to your hard work，we can finish the task ahead schedule.
4. He was a good man who was （commit）to his family as well as to his work.
5. Without passion，people won’t have the （motive）or the joy necessary for creative thinking.
6. Though some of the questions seem unfamiliar to me，they are easy （answer）.
7. Alone in a strange city，without friends and money，he fell despair.
8. It is very pleasant for him to travel and to explore is new.
答案
Part I Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ. 1. wages 2. bitter 3. aboard 4. envy 5. blanket 6. decent 7. genuine 8. sank
Ⅱ. 1. turned down 2. dream of 3. set off 4. turn back 5. stuck in 6. keep up 7. after all
8. full of vigour
Ⅲ. 1. qualified 句意：在我看来，没有证据表明他是个合格的医生。所填词修饰名词，所以用形容词形式。
2. endurance 句意：我在参赛之前做了一些混合性的包括力量和耐力的训练。根据前面的strength可知，此处应用名词，所以填endurance。
3. enthusiastic 句意：我一直是个热心的读者，小时候有时一天读三本书。由语境可知，此处要填形容词形式。
4. assignment 句意：我永远不会忘记我在一家畅销英文报纸的办公室的第一项工作任务。所填词作宾语，所以用名词形式。
5. abandoned 句意：如果没有目标，你就会像大海上的弃船一样随波逐流。根据句意可知，此处表示“被遗弃的”，所以用abandoned。
6. belongings 句意：他让我少拿点儿财物，因为在我们的车里几乎没有空间了。所填词作宾语，所以用名词形式。根据fewer可知，该词要用复数形式。
7. perseverance 句意：凭着信心和毅力，古德尔终于战胜了一切困难。所填词作介词的宾语，所以用名词形式。
8. resolution 句意：他们决定周日去爬泰山。make a resolution意为“决定，下决心”。
Ⅳ. 1. ①It so happened that it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句。
②to be raining 动词不定式的进行时。happen to be doing sth. 碰巧在做某事。
2. ①Without your help without是介词，意为“没有”。
②hadn’t helped，have made if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以用过去完成时。
3. ①consider it it是形式宾语，代替后面的动词不定式短语。
②It is considered it是形式主语，代替后面的动词不定式短语。
4. ①What an interesting story 感叹句的中心词是名词时，要用“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”形式。
②How interesting a story 感叹句的中心词是形容词时，要用“how+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”形式。
5. ① too high to reach too...to...意为“太……而不能……”。
②so high that I can’t reach so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
Part II Learning About Language
Ⅰ. 1. cruel 2. thorough 3. furniture 4. Unfortunately 5. damp 6. recreations 7. advertised
Ⅱ. 1. in all directions 2. enthusiastic about 3. proud of 4. try our best 5. Under his guidance 6. work as a team 7. in a rude manner 8. even though
Ⅲ. 1. have been studying 句意：我确信你将在这次考试中做得更好，因为这一年你一直用功学习。根据时间状语this year可知，这里是时间段；study这个动作表示一直持续到现在，还要继续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。
2. has been working/has worked 句意：在过去的三个月里，汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。根据时间状语over the last three months可知，句子应用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。
3. have been coming 句意：“我们最近花了太多钱。”“嗯，这并不奇怪。我们的朋友和亲戚一直来访。”根据all the time可知，此处用现在完成进行时。
4. has been shouldering 句意：母亲想成为一个好当家，自从她和父亲结婚以来，她就承担了这样一个角色。根据since her marriage to father可知，此处要用现在完成进行时。
5. have been painting 后文句意：嗯，我一直在给房子上油漆，而且必须在明天完成它。paint所表示的动作由过去开始，一直持续到说话之时而且还要继续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。
6. has been going 句意：约瑟夫从上个月开始上夜校，但他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。根据时间语境可知，此处用现在完成进行时。
7. have been looking 后文句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作。表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时。
8. has been writing 句意：“彼得在哪里 我到处都找不到他。”“他吃过早饭后去了图书馆，从那时起一直在那里写文章。”根据时间状语ever since可知，设空处表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在且还在进行，故用现在完成进行时。
9. have been considering 句意：“老师，我在。”“请听好。我一直在考虑让你父母来我们学校，但我想先听听你的意见。”have been considering是现在完成进行时结构，表示从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在并且还在进行。
10. has been sleeping 由语境可知，睡觉的9个小时应该持续到现在，而且在这9个小时里“他一直睡觉”，强调动作的持续进行，所以用现在完成进行时。
Ⅳ. 1. has been looking for 2. have been playing 3. has been preparing for 4. have been sitting
5. has been studying 6. have been rising
Part III Using Language
Ⅰ. 1. motor 2. candidate 3. episode 4. commitment 5. motive 6. loyal
Ⅱ. 1. make fire 2. give off 3. ahead of 4. cheer up 5. pay back 6. sign up for 7. consists of
8. arranged for 9. at times 10. is suitable for
Ⅲ. 1. to pick 句意：我已安排汤姆去机场接专家们。arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事。
2. Before 句意：她还没来得及出房间，就听见一声巨响。before表示“还没来得及；在……之前”。
3. of 句意：多亏你的努力，我们可以提前完成任务。ahead of schedule提前。
4. committed 句意：他是一个好人，对他的家庭和工作都尽心尽力。所填的词作表语，所以用形容词形式。
5. motivation 句意：没有激情，人们就不会有创造性思维所必需的动力和快乐。所填的词作宾语，所以用名词形式。
6. to answer 句意：虽然有些问题对我来说似乎不熟悉，但它们很容易回答。此处是“be+形容词+to do”结构。
7. into 句意：独自在一个陌生的城市，没有朋友和金钱，他陷入了绝望。fall into despair陷入绝望。
8. whatever/what 句意：对他来说，旅行和探索（任何）新的事物是非常愉快的。所填词引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语，所以用whatever/what。