北师版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit 9 Human Biology Topic Talk课时练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 北师版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit 9 Human Biology Topic Talk课时练习（含答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 北师大版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-30 21:20:31 | ||
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Unit 9 Human Biology Topic Talk
一、填空
1.This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food ___________(serve).
2.They began to recover slowly from their nightmare of the pain and ____________(suffer).
3.The ___________(participate) followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have.
4.It's difficult __________(calculate) what effect all these changes will have on the company.
5.This __________(capable) can also be used for new development if needed.
6.From his grades, I i___________ that he was a good student.
7.Marx did for the development of society what Darwin did for the development of the b___________.
8.This simply means that the user is not a passive consumer, but an active p___________.
9.Surrounded by people's misunderstanding, he was at a loss what to say to j___________ himself.
10.Animals in the zoo have lost the c___________ to catch food for themselves.
二、七选五
In 1985, 16-year old Douglas Casa collapsed when running the championship 10,000 meter Face at the Empire State Games. With just 200 meters to go, he got up and then fell down again. his body temperature at dangerous levels. ①_______
How does an exertional heat stroke(劳力性热射病) come about When you exercise, in normal circumstances, nearly 80% of the energy you use is transformed into heat. ②_______ And your body can radiate the heat quickly through cooling methods like the evaporation of sweat. But with uncompensable heat stress, your body is unable to lose enough heat, raising your core temperature beyond normal levels. This creates cells that no longer function properly. If these cells s increase sharply, there can be destructive results, including liver damage, blood clot formation, and even the failure of vital organs.
③______The main criterion is a core body temperature greater than 40℃ along with physical symptoms like confused behavior or loss of consciousness. The most accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a rectal thermometer(直肠温度计).
The good news is that though this condition is one of the top three leading causes of death in sports, we can do something effective to save lives. ④_________
As far as treatment goes, the most important thing is to cool first, transport second. Because the human body can bear a core temperature above 40°C for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in, it's essential to initiate rapid cooling on site. ⑤________ As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much surface area as possible until emergency personnel arrive.
A. It is definitely survivable with proper care
B. This is what is known as compensable heat stress.
C. So how do you recognize an exertional heat stroke
D. So how do exertional heat strokes affect our health
E. Exertional heat stroke has long been a serious concern.
F. He had suffered an exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke
G. But before you start anything, emergency services should be called.
三、阅读理解
Why do animals migrate or move They do so to find a place that will offer better living conditions. Not all animals migrate, but those that migrate are attempting to help the survival of their species. There are a variety of reasons why animals leave. Some migrate to avoid weather changes. Some leave because of the food supply. Unlike humans who migrate because of relationships, job changes, or other social reasons, animals migrate to survive.
There are different types of migration, but one of the most interesting is the seasonal migration. In seasonal migrations, animals move twice a year. These movements usually occur due to changes in the seasons or in the weather. For example, some birds migrate away from colder regions to warmer weather and then come back to a place once the colder weather has passed.
How do animals know when it is time to migrate Some animals do not leave until the environment changes and becomes a place that is not favorable for them to live. Other animals seem to have inborn systems that tell them when it is time to leave.
Animals that migrate use many different ways to successfully reach their destinations. Scientists believe animals' senses play a huge role in helping them find their way. For example, salmon(三文鱼) are thought to recognize specific smells that help them. Others are thought to use even the sun, moon, and stars to help guide them on their journeys. Although the animals use different methods to migrate, one thing is the same: migration remains an important journey for the survival of many of Earth's most amazing species.
12.What is the text mainly about
A. Animals' senses. B. Animals' habitats.
C. Animals' migration. D. Animals' destinations.
13.Why do animals migrate according to the text
A. To improve relationships. B. To reach their destinations.
C. To live with other species. D. To find better living conditions.
14.What can be known from the text
A. Animals use the same method to migrate.
B. Animals may migrate for different reasons.
C. Animals are born to know where to migrate.
D. All migrating animals use the sun as a guide.
15.Where is the text probably taken from
A. A history book. B. A travel brochure.
C. A science magazine. D. A financial newspaper.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：served
2.答案：suffering
3.答案：participants
4.答案：to calculate
5.答案：capability
6.答案：inferred
7.答案：biology
8.答案：participant
9.答案：justify
10.答案：capability
二、七选五
答案：①-⑤ FBCAG
解析：本文是说明文。本文通过1985年，16岁的道格拉斯·卡萨(Douglas Casa)在帝国运动会(Empire State Games)的10000米比赛中因为患上劳力性热射病体温处于危险水平提出这个现象并介绍了治疗方法。
①根据空前"In 1985, 16-year old Douglas Casa collapsed when running the championship 10,000 meter Face at the Empire State Games. With just 200 meters to go, he got up and then fell down again. his body temperature at dangerous levels.(1985年，16岁的道格拉斯·卡萨(Douglas Casa)在帝国运动会(Empire State Games)的10000米比赛中摔倒。在距离终点只有200米的时候，他爬了起来，然后又摔倒了。他的体温处于危险水平。)"可知，这里描述了选手道格拉斯在跑步中摔倒体温处于危险水平，空处引出主题。F项"He had suffered an exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke(他曾因劳累患上劳力性热射病，或者叫中暑)"符合语境。故选F。
②根据空前"How does an exertional heat stroke(劳力性热射病) come about When you exercise, in normal circumstances, nearly 80% of the energy you use is transformed into heat.(劳力性中暑是如何发生的 在正常情况下，当你运动时，你消耗的能量有近80%转化为热量。)"可知，接下来对这个症状进行总结，B项"This is what is known as compensable heat stress.(这就是所谓的可补偿性热应激。)"其中this指代前面能量转化热量的现象。故选B。
③根据空后"The main criterion is a core body temperature greater than 40℃ along with physical symptoms like confused behavior or loss of consciousness. The most accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a rectal thermometer(直肠温度计).(主要标准是核心体温高于40℃，并伴有行为混乱或意识丧失等身体症状。测量核心体温最准确的方法是用直肠体温计)"可知，这里是对前面问题如何判断是否运动中暑的解释。C项"So how do you recognize an exertional heat stroke (那么如何识别运动性中暑呢 )"，符合语境。故选C。
④根据空前"The good news is that though this condition is one of the top three leading causes of death in sports, we can do something effective to save lives(好消息是，尽管这种情况是体育运动中导致死亡的三大原因之一，但我们可以做一些有效的事情来挽救生命。)"可知，接下来讲述在这种情况下才能如何挽救生命。A项"It is definitely survivable with proper care(如果护理得当，它绝对是可以存活的)"，符合语境。故选A。
⑤根据空后"As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much surface area as possible until emergency personnel arrive.(在等待的过程中，重要的是要让受害者保持冷静，同时让尽可能多的表面冷却，直到急救人员到达。)"可知，这里是等待救护车，需要先拨打救护车，G项"But before you start anything, emergency services should be called.(但在你开始行动之前，应该打电话给急救中心。)"，符合语境。故选G。
三、阅读理解
1.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段首句"Why do animals migrate or move (为什么动物要迁徙或移动)"；第二段首句"There are different types of migration, but one of the most interesting is the seasonal migration.(迁徙有不同的类型，但最有趣的是季节性迁徙。)"，第三段首句"How do animals know when it is time to migrate (动物如何知道何时迁徙 )"以及最后一段首句"Animals that migrate use many different ways to successfully reach their destinations.(迁徙的动物用许多不同的方式成功到达目的地。)"可推断，文章主要介绍动物的迁徙。故选C。
2.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"They do so to find a place that will offer better living conditions. Not all animals migrate, but those that migrate are attempting to help the survival of their species. There are a variety of reasons why animals leave. Some migrate to avoid weather changes. Some leave because of the food supply. Unlike humans who migrate because of relationships, job changes, or other social reasons, animals migrate to survive.(它们这样做是为了寻找一个能提供更好生活条件的地方。并不是所有的动物都迁徙，但是那些迁徙的动物都是为了帮助它们的物种生存。动物离开的原因有很多。有些为了躲避天气变化而迁徙。一些因为食物供应而离开。不像人类因为关系、工作变化或其他社会原因而迁徙，动物迁徙是为了生存。)"可知，动物迁徙是为了生存，为了找到更好的生存条件。故选D。
3.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"They do so to find a place that will offer better living conditions. Not all animals migrate, but those that migrate are attempting to help the survival of their species. There are a variety of reasons why animals leave. Some migrate to avoid weather changes. Some leave because of the food supply. Unlike humans who migrate because of relationships, job changes, or other social reasons, animals migrate to survive.(它们这样做是为了寻找一个能提供更好生活条件的地方。并不是所有的动物都迁徙，但是那些迁徙的动物都是为了帮助他们的物种生存。动物离开的原因有很多。有些为了躲避天气变化而迁徙。一些因为食物供应而离开。不像人类因为关系、工作变化或其他社会原因而迁徙，动物迁徙是为了生存。)"可知，动物可能因为不同的原因迁徙。故选B。
4.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段首句"Why do animals migrate or move (为什么动物要迁徙或移动)"；第二段首句"There are different types of migration, but one of the most interesting is the seasonal migration.(迁徙有不同的类型，但最有趣的是季节性迁徙。)"，第三段首句"How do animals know when it is time to migrate (动物如何知道何时迁徙 )"以及最后一段首句"Animals that migrate use many different ways to successfully reach their destinations.(迁徙的动物用许多不同的方式成功到达目的地。)"可推断，文章从科学的角度分析了有关动物的迁徙的问题。因此推断最有可能来自科学杂志。故选C。
2
一、填空
1.This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food ___________(serve).
2.They began to recover slowly from their nightmare of the pain and ____________(suffer).
3.The ___________(participate) followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have.
4.It's difficult __________(calculate) what effect all these changes will have on the company.
5.This __________(capable) can also be used for new development if needed.
6.From his grades, I i___________ that he was a good student.
7.Marx did for the development of society what Darwin did for the development of the b___________.
8.This simply means that the user is not a passive consumer, but an active p___________.
9.Surrounded by people's misunderstanding, he was at a loss what to say to j___________ himself.
10.Animals in the zoo have lost the c___________ to catch food for themselves.
二、七选五
In 1985, 16-year old Douglas Casa collapsed when running the championship 10,000 meter Face at the Empire State Games. With just 200 meters to go, he got up and then fell down again. his body temperature at dangerous levels. ①_______
How does an exertional heat stroke(劳力性热射病) come about When you exercise, in normal circumstances, nearly 80% of the energy you use is transformed into heat. ②_______ And your body can radiate the heat quickly through cooling methods like the evaporation of sweat. But with uncompensable heat stress, your body is unable to lose enough heat, raising your core temperature beyond normal levels. This creates cells that no longer function properly. If these cells s increase sharply, there can be destructive results, including liver damage, blood clot formation, and even the failure of vital organs.
③______The main criterion is a core body temperature greater than 40℃ along with physical symptoms like confused behavior or loss of consciousness. The most accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a rectal thermometer(直肠温度计).
The good news is that though this condition is one of the top three leading causes of death in sports, we can do something effective to save lives. ④_________
As far as treatment goes, the most important thing is to cool first, transport second. Because the human body can bear a core temperature above 40°C for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in, it's essential to initiate rapid cooling on site. ⑤________ As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much surface area as possible until emergency personnel arrive.
A. It is definitely survivable with proper care
B. This is what is known as compensable heat stress.
C. So how do you recognize an exertional heat stroke
D. So how do exertional heat strokes affect our health
E. Exertional heat stroke has long been a serious concern.
F. He had suffered an exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke
G. But before you start anything, emergency services should be called.
三、阅读理解
Why do animals migrate or move They do so to find a place that will offer better living conditions. Not all animals migrate, but those that migrate are attempting to help the survival of their species. There are a variety of reasons why animals leave. Some migrate to avoid weather changes. Some leave because of the food supply. Unlike humans who migrate because of relationships, job changes, or other social reasons, animals migrate to survive.
There are different types of migration, but one of the most interesting is the seasonal migration. In seasonal migrations, animals move twice a year. These movements usually occur due to changes in the seasons or in the weather. For example, some birds migrate away from colder regions to warmer weather and then come back to a place once the colder weather has passed.
How do animals know when it is time to migrate Some animals do not leave until the environment changes and becomes a place that is not favorable for them to live. Other animals seem to have inborn systems that tell them when it is time to leave.
Animals that migrate use many different ways to successfully reach their destinations. Scientists believe animals' senses play a huge role in helping them find their way. For example, salmon(三文鱼) are thought to recognize specific smells that help them. Others are thought to use even the sun, moon, and stars to help guide them on their journeys. Although the animals use different methods to migrate, one thing is the same: migration remains an important journey for the survival of many of Earth's most amazing species.
12.What is the text mainly about
A. Animals' senses. B. Animals' habitats.
C. Animals' migration. D. Animals' destinations.
13.Why do animals migrate according to the text
A. To improve relationships. B. To reach their destinations.
C. To live with other species. D. To find better living conditions.
14.What can be known from the text
A. Animals use the same method to migrate.
B. Animals may migrate for different reasons.
C. Animals are born to know where to migrate.
D. All migrating animals use the sun as a guide.
15.Where is the text probably taken from
A. A history book. B. A travel brochure.
C. A science magazine. D. A financial newspaper.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：served
2.答案：suffering
3.答案：participants
4.答案：to calculate
5.答案：capability
6.答案：inferred
7.答案：biology
8.答案：participant
9.答案：justify
10.答案：capability
二、七选五
答案：①-⑤ FBCAG
解析：本文是说明文。本文通过1985年，16岁的道格拉斯·卡萨(Douglas Casa)在帝国运动会(Empire State Games)的10000米比赛中因为患上劳力性热射病体温处于危险水平提出这个现象并介绍了治疗方法。
①根据空前"In 1985, 16-year old Douglas Casa collapsed when running the championship 10,000 meter Face at the Empire State Games. With just 200 meters to go, he got up and then fell down again. his body temperature at dangerous levels.(1985年，16岁的道格拉斯·卡萨(Douglas Casa)在帝国运动会(Empire State Games)的10000米比赛中摔倒。在距离终点只有200米的时候，他爬了起来，然后又摔倒了。他的体温处于危险水平。)"可知，这里描述了选手道格拉斯在跑步中摔倒体温处于危险水平，空处引出主题。F项"He had suffered an exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke(他曾因劳累患上劳力性热射病，或者叫中暑)"符合语境。故选F。
②根据空前"How does an exertional heat stroke(劳力性热射病) come about When you exercise, in normal circumstances, nearly 80% of the energy you use is transformed into heat.(劳力性中暑是如何发生的 在正常情况下，当你运动时，你消耗的能量有近80%转化为热量。)"可知，接下来对这个症状进行总结，B项"This is what is known as compensable heat stress.(这就是所谓的可补偿性热应激。)"其中this指代前面能量转化热量的现象。故选B。
③根据空后"The main criterion is a core body temperature greater than 40℃ along with physical symptoms like confused behavior or loss of consciousness. The most accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a rectal thermometer(直肠温度计).(主要标准是核心体温高于40℃，并伴有行为混乱或意识丧失等身体症状。测量核心体温最准确的方法是用直肠体温计)"可知，这里是对前面问题如何判断是否运动中暑的解释。C项"So how do you recognize an exertional heat stroke (那么如何识别运动性中暑呢 )"，符合语境。故选C。
④根据空前"The good news is that though this condition is one of the top three leading causes of death in sports, we can do something effective to save lives(好消息是，尽管这种情况是体育运动中导致死亡的三大原因之一，但我们可以做一些有效的事情来挽救生命。)"可知，接下来讲述在这种情况下才能如何挽救生命。A项"It is definitely survivable with proper care(如果护理得当，它绝对是可以存活的)"，符合语境。故选A。
⑤根据空后"As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much surface area as possible until emergency personnel arrive.(在等待的过程中，重要的是要让受害者保持冷静，同时让尽可能多的表面冷却，直到急救人员到达。)"可知，这里是等待救护车，需要先拨打救护车，G项"But before you start anything, emergency services should be called.(但在你开始行动之前，应该打电话给急救中心。)"，符合语境。故选G。
三、阅读理解
1.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段首句"Why do animals migrate or move (为什么动物要迁徙或移动)"；第二段首句"There are different types of migration, but one of the most interesting is the seasonal migration.(迁徙有不同的类型，但最有趣的是季节性迁徙。)"，第三段首句"How do animals know when it is time to migrate (动物如何知道何时迁徙 )"以及最后一段首句"Animals that migrate use many different ways to successfully reach their destinations.(迁徙的动物用许多不同的方式成功到达目的地。)"可推断，文章主要介绍动物的迁徙。故选C。
2.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"They do so to find a place that will offer better living conditions. Not all animals migrate, but those that migrate are attempting to help the survival of their species. There are a variety of reasons why animals leave. Some migrate to avoid weather changes. Some leave because of the food supply. Unlike humans who migrate because of relationships, job changes, or other social reasons, animals migrate to survive.(它们这样做是为了寻找一个能提供更好生活条件的地方。并不是所有的动物都迁徙，但是那些迁徙的动物都是为了帮助它们的物种生存。动物离开的原因有很多。有些为了躲避天气变化而迁徙。一些因为食物供应而离开。不像人类因为关系、工作变化或其他社会原因而迁徙，动物迁徙是为了生存。)"可知，动物迁徙是为了生存，为了找到更好的生存条件。故选D。
3.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"They do so to find a place that will offer better living conditions. Not all animals migrate, but those that migrate are attempting to help the survival of their species. There are a variety of reasons why animals leave. Some migrate to avoid weather changes. Some leave because of the food supply. Unlike humans who migrate because of relationships, job changes, or other social reasons, animals migrate to survive.(它们这样做是为了寻找一个能提供更好生活条件的地方。并不是所有的动物都迁徙，但是那些迁徙的动物都是为了帮助他们的物种生存。动物离开的原因有很多。有些为了躲避天气变化而迁徙。一些因为食物供应而离开。不像人类因为关系、工作变化或其他社会原因而迁徙，动物迁徙是为了生存。)"可知，动物可能因为不同的原因迁徙。故选B。
4.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段首句"Why do animals migrate or move (为什么动物要迁徙或移动)"；第二段首句"There are different types of migration, but one of the most interesting is the seasonal migration.(迁徙有不同的类型，但最有趣的是季节性迁徙。)"，第三段首句"How do animals know when it is time to migrate (动物如何知道何时迁徙 )"以及最后一段首句"Animals that migrate use many different ways to successfully reach their destinations.(迁徙的动物用许多不同的方式成功到达目的地。)"可推断，文章从科学的角度分析了有关动物的迁徙的问题。因此推断最有可能来自科学杂志。故选C。
2