牛津译林版(2019)必修三Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Extended Reading 知识点课件(共93张PPT)

(共93张PPT)
知
识
点
必修三 Unit 3 Extended Reading
Language Points
words
phrases
sentences
practice
1
2
3
4
目录
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．________________ adj. 原子能的；原子的
2．________________ n. 炸弹；核武器
vt. 轰炸
3．________________ n. 罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处
　　　 　　　　adj. 恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的
4．________________ n. 赞扬，认可；信用
　　　　　 　　vt. 存入金额；把……归于
5．________________ vt. 取消，使无效；否认，否定
atomic
bomb
evil
credit
negate
6．________________ adj. 脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的
n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者
7．________________ n. 神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品
8．________________ n. 权威，权力；官方
9．________________ n. 国籍；民族
10．________________ n. 进化；演变，发展
intellectual
mystery
authority
nationality
evolution
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ vt.牵涉，影响；包含；(使)参加→__________ n．参与；加入→________ adj.参与；卷入
2．________ adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→________ n．科学→________ n．科学家
3．________ adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的　n．品行，道德；寓意→________ n．道德
4．________ vt.& vi.应用；涂，申请；有关→_________ n．应用，申请(书)；应用程序；涂抹
5．________ n．无知→________ adj.不了解的，无知的；很无礼的
6．________ n．自由→________ adj.免费的；自由的；不受限制的　v．使自由；解放→________ adv.自由地
involve
involvement
involved
scientific
science
scientist
moral
morality
apply
application
ignorance
ignorant
freedom
free
freely
7．________ vt.& vi.准许，许可，允许；使有可能　n．许可证→__________ n．允许；许可
8．____________ n．责任，负责；职责，义务→__________ adj.负责任的，有责任心的
9．________ vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报→_________ n．声明；宣告
10．________ vt.出版，发行；发表；公布→________ n．[U]出版业→________ n．[C]出版者；出版商；出版社
11．________ n．结婚，婚姻；已婚状态→________ v．结婚；娶；嫁
permit
permission
responsibility
responsible
declare
declaration
publish
publishing
publisher
marriage
marry
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 从事，致力于
2．________________ 使……处于危险之中
3．________________ 换句话说
4．________________ 致力于……
5．________________ 归功于……
6．________________ 给……提供……
7．________________ 使某人失望
8．________________ 进行一次新的探索
9．________________ 促使，促成
10．________________ 关于，至于
11．________________ 不肯定，不确定
work on
put...at risk
put another way
devote oneself to...
to the credit of...
provide...with...
let sb. down
turn over each new stone
lead on to
as to
be in doubt
12．________________ 想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然的
13．________________ 因为……而成立(产生)
14．________________ 给……留空间
15．________________ ……的成果，成效，结果
16．________________ 提出，提议，建议
17．_______________________ 某人下定决心做某事
18．________________ 结婚
19．________________ 列出……的清单
20．_______________________ 为……做出巨大贡献
take it for granted
be born out of...
leave room for...
the fruit/fruits of...
put forward
make up one's mind to do sth.
get married
make a list of...
make great contributions to...
standout
atomic
bomb
evil
mystery
freedom
the right to do what you want without being controlled or restricted by anyone
used about a person or thing in a group that is much better than all the rest
relating to the energy produced by splitting atoms or the weapons that use this energy
an event, situation etc that people do not understand or cannot explain because they do not know enough about it
morally bad, cruel, or very unpleasant
a weapon made of material that will explode
Matching
Ⅳ.重点句型
科学的第一个价值是大家都熟悉的。
The first way ______________________ is familiar to everyone.
in which science is of value
根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．What does the word “evil” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Crime. B．Impact.
C．Mistake. D．Disadvantage.
A
2．When we make things beneficial to human beings, whose credit is it
A．Merely our moral choice.
B．The great power of science.
C．The instructions of applying science.
D．Science itself and the moral position in favor of mankind.
D
3．What can we learn from the text
A．People should avoid ignorance in science.
B．Mystery can lead to strangeness in science.
C．Poets and dreamers have the wildest imaginations.
D．Some kinds of science represents destruction to humans.
D
4．What is the main idea of the last two paragraphs
A．Ignorance and uncertainty are essential in science.
B．Great progress in science is the fruit of freedom of thought.
C．The struggle against authority is important to scientific progress.
D.Our freedom to doubt should be ensured.
D
It represented the destruction of people and it put our future at risk. (Lines3-4)它意味着人的毁灭，并使我们的未来岌岌可危。
Para.1
risk v. & n.
冒生死之险 v. ____________________________
冒险做... v. ____________________________
n. ____________________________
risk one’s life / lives
risk doing
run/take the risk of sth/ doing
常见短语搭配：
处境危险，在危险中 at risk
自担风险，对发生的事情负责 at one’s own risk
冒...的危险 at the risk of
Have a try:
1. They risk _________(lose) everything.
2. The medical staff _______ the risk of losing their own lives in the battele against COVID-19 last year.
3. He saved my life ____________ losing his own.
4. Persons swimming beyond this point do so _______________(冒着自身风险).
5. That would mean putting other children ______(处境危险)
at the risk of
losing
at their own risk
at risk
ran/ took
I had to ask myself, “Is there some evil involved in science ”(Lines4-5)科学里是不是有罪恶？
involve vt. : 1) if an activity or situation involves something, that thing is part of it or a result of it
包含；需要
2) to include or affect someone or something
涉及；影响
3) to take part actively in a particular activity
(使)参加
eg How many people were involved in the staff cutbacks
裁员涉及多少？
Para.1
get / be involved in 参与；卷入；聚精会神于involve doing sth. 包括做某事
involve sb. in (doing) sth. 使某人参与做某事
【归纳】
eg As the secretary of the boss, what will your job involve
How many people were involved in the accident
The job involves me traveling all over the country.
Try to involve as many children as possible in the game.
根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。
1) There was a serious traffic incident ___________________________ (涉及一群年轻人).
2) Tom ____________________________ (热衷于集邮).
3) __________________________ (家务事包括做饭), washing dishes, sweeping and cleaning.
involving a group of youths
is involved in collecting stamps
Housework involves cooking
重点词汇诠释
1.involved adj.参与，有关联；耗费很多时间，关注
(1)be/get involved in... 参与……，与……有关；专心于……
(2)involve ①vt. 牵涉，牵连；(使)参加，加入
involve sb./oneself in (doing) sth. 使某人/某人自己参与(做)某事
②vt. 包含，需要
involve doing sth. 包括/需要做某事
(3)involvement n. [U]参与；[U，C]投入
Children can get a lot out of being involved in volunteer work.
孩子们通过参加志愿者工作能学到很多东西。
I was so involved in my book that I didn't hear you knock.我全神贯注在看书，没听到你敲门。
We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.
我们希望参加庆典的人越多越好。
Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending quite a lot of time with students. 米歇尔找到了一份高中教师的工作，(这份工作)需要花很多时间和学生在一起。
The teacher's involvement in the game involed many students in it. Now more and more people are involved in running.
这位老师对比赛的参与让很多学生参与进来。现在越来越多的人开始跑步了。
　单句语法填空
①150 participants from three grades were involved ________ the race.
②Carrying out the research on the chimpanzee will involve ________ (live) in the jungle for several years.
③Our school proposes that students should involve __________ (they) in community activities where they can gain experience of growth.
④All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting ________ (involve).
in
living
themselves
involved
Put another way, ... (Line 6)
Para.2
put (it) another way “换言之”,同义词组有：
in other words
that is (to say)
As a wise person once put it: If the only tool you have is a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail.
They need to _______________ (付诸实施) and, just as important, to defend it.
正如一个智者曾经指出的
put it into practice
重点句型解构The first way in which science is of value is familiar to everyone.
科学的第一个价值是大家都熟知的。
[句式分析]　此句中“of value”为“of ＋名词结构”
“of ＋名词”结构
“of＋名词”结构可在句中作表语、后置定语和宾语补足语。该结构可分为两类：
(1)可以转化为同根形容词的：此时，“of＋名词”结构用来说明句子主语所具有的作用、重要性或意义等。这类名词有value, use, importance, help, significance, benefit, beauty等。名词前可用no, some, any, little, much, great等词修饰，用来表示程度。
Dictionaries are of great help (＝very helpful) to English learners.
词典对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。
In fact, sports can be of great benefit (＝very beneficial) to our health.
事实上，运动对我们的健康会很有益。
(2)不可以转化为形容词的：此时，“of＋名词”结构用来说明句子主语在重量、大小、颜色、类别等方面的特征。这类名词有color, size, age, height, weight, shape, type, kind, price, quality等，名词前可用different, the same, a(n)等来修饰。
Coins may be of different sizes, weights, shapes, and metals.
硬币可能在大小、重量、形状和(铸造所用的)金属方面有所不同。
These pens are of many different colors.这些钢笔有许多不同的颜色。
The two rooms are of a size/of the same size. 这两个房间大小一样。
Tom and I are of the same age. 我和汤姆一样大。
“of＋名词”和同根形容词的转换如下：
of significance＝significant有重大意义的
of use＝useful有用的
of importance＝important重要的
of value＝valuable宝贵的，很有用的
of help＝helpful有帮助的
of benefit＝beneficial有裨益的
结合“of＋名词”的用法完成句子
①当你周游上海时你会发现这张地图对你很有用。
You'll find this map is ________________ to you when you are traveling around Shanghai.(value)
②这种新药物的发现对心脏病患者来说非常重要。
The discovery of the new drug is _____________________ to people who suffer from heart trouble. (importance)
③请把这些东西捐给慈善机构。它们对我没有用了。
Please donate these things to charities. They are ________to me.(use)
④他们的产品质量很好，销往全国各地。
Their products are ____________ and are sold all over the country.(quality)
⑤这对双胞胎身高相同，但体重不同。
The twins are ________________________， but different in weight.(height)
of great/much value
of great/much importance
of no use
of high quality
of the same height/of a height
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．According to our rules, smoking is not p_________ in our office.
2．The scientist was determined to make a great breakthrough in ________ (科学的) research.
3．Sometimes, people don't like asking questions for fear of appearing stupid and ________ (无知的).
4．Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he _________ (出版) his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
permitted
scientific
ignorant
published
Of course, if we make good things, it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. (翻译)
当然，如果我们做了善事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。
credit n. : approval or praise that you give to someone for something they have done
赞扬，认可
eg We don’t mind who gets the credit as long as we don’t get the blame.
谁受表扬都无所谓，只要我们不挨批评。
Para.3
credit vt. : 1) to add money to a bank account
存入金额
2) if something is credited to someone or something, they have achieved it or are the reason for it
把……归于
eg The cheque has been credited to your account.
They credited him with the discovery.
credit n．[U]认可，赞扬，称赞；　[U，C]贷款，借款；　[U]信用，信誉；　[U]赊购，赊欠；　[C]学分
(1)give sb. credit for... 为……而称赞某人
(2)do sb. credit 使某人值得赞扬
(3)to sb.'s credit 使值得赞扬
(4)on credit 赊购
Let's give him credit for the success of the project. 我们要将这一项目的成功归功于他。
Your honesty does you great credit. 你的诚实值得大大表扬。
To his credit, Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened.
值得赞扬的是，杰克对所发生的事守口如瓶。
The bank refused further credit to the company. 银行拒绝再给那家公司提供贷款。
It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payment may affect your credit.
按时支付电费账单很重要，因为逾期支付可能会影响你的信用。
Nowadays, most new cars are bought on credit. 如今，大多数新汽车都是赊购的。
You must pass the examination to get credits for the course.
你必须通过考试才能获得那门课程的学分。
“to sb.'s credit”中的credit为单数，无论sb.是否单数。
　判断下列句子中credit的含义/完成句子
①During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits．________________
②We don't mind who gets the credit as long as we don't get the blame.________________
③Borrowers need to provide the credit history, which the lenders will use as the criteria when evaluating a loan.________________
④值得赞扬的是，尽管天气恶劣，工人们还是设法按时完成了工程。
_____________， the workers managed to complete the project on time in spite of the bad weather.
学分
赞扬
信用，信誉
To their credit
moral adj. 1) relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behaviour, and with the difference between good and evil
道德的；
2) based on your ideas about what is right, rather than on what is legal or practical
道义上的；
3) always behaving in a way that is based on strong principles about what is right and wrong
品行端正的
eg The article says that an increase in crime indicates serous problems with moral standards.
文章说犯罪活动增多表明道德标准方面出现了严重的问题。
A man has a moral duty to obey the law.
每个人都在道德上有义务遵守法律。
The people who will be on the committee are moral, cultured, competent people.
进入委员会的人要品行端正，有文化，有能力。
moral n. 1) Morals are principles and beliefs concerning right and wrong behaviour. 道德；
2) a practical lesson about what to do or how to behave, which you learn from a story or from something that happens to you 寓意
eg They have no morals.
他们没有一点品行。
The moral of the film was that crime does not pay.
这部电影的寓意是犯罪是没好结果的。
…but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it.
……但它没有自带说明该如何运用。
apply vt. : to use something such as a method, idea, or law in a particular situation, activity, or process 应用
apply ... to ... 把……应用于……
apply v. : to request something, usually officially, especially by writing or sending in a form
申请；请求
apply for ... 申请……
apply to ... for ... 向……申请……
Para.3
apply v. : to put or spread something such as paint, liquid, or medicine onto a surface 贴，涂，敷
apply ... to ... 把……贴/涂/敷到……
apply v. : to have an effect on or to concern a particular person, group, or situation 适用
apply to... 适用于……
【拓展】
apply oneself to ... / apply one’s minds to ...
致力于……，专心于……
application n. 应用
applicant n. 申请人（尤指求职、进高等学校等）
用所给词的正确形式填空。
1) His ____________ (apply) for membership of the organization was rejected.
2) Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine ____ it.
3) Later I decided to apply my previous experience to __________ (learn) how to read and write.
application
to
learning
apply vt.应用，使用；vi. 申请，请求；vt.努力学习，勤奋工作；vt.涂
(1)apply sth. to... 把某物应用于……
be applied to... 被应用于……(to为介词)
(2)apply (to...) for... (向……)申请……
apply to do sth. 申请做某事
(3)apply oneself/one's mind to (doing) sth. 某人致力于/专心于(做)某事
(4)apply...to... 把……涂到……
(5)application n. [C，U]申请，申请表；应用
applicant n. [C]申请人
applied adj. 应用的，实用的
Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write.
后来我决定把我先前的经验应用到学习如何读和写上。
The new technology has been applied to farming, which helps increase agricultural production.这项新技术已被应用于农业，有助于提高农业生产。
Before you travel to a foreign country, you should apply for a passport.
在去外国旅游之前，你应该申请护照。
He applied to two universities and was accepted by both of them.
他向两所大学提出申请，都被录取了。
I've applied to become a volunteer at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
我已经申请在2022年北京冬奥会上做一名志愿者。
Over the next months, he applied himself to improving the technique.
在接下来的几个月里，他专心致志地改进这项技术。
Apply the cream evenly over the skin. 将乳霜均匀地涂抹在皮肤上。
　判断下列句子中apply的含义/单句语法填空
①By the time I saw the job advertised it was already too late to apply．________________
②He wants a job in which he can apply his foreign languages.________________
③Apply the cream to exposed areas every three hours and after swimming.________________
④Yon can solve any problem if you apply yourself to it.________________
申请
应用，使用
涂(油漆、乳剂)
努力学习，勤奋工作
⑤Due to the ___________ (apply) of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at the early stage.
⑥We should apply theory ________ practice; otherwise, it is no use.
⑦The person who wants to apply ________ the position will be expected to have a good command of English.
⑧After knocking politely at the door, the ________ (apply) entered the office of the general manager.
application
to
for
applicant
Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. (翻译)
我们从不担心答案可能会令人失望，总是快乐而自信地开始每一次新探索，发现一些意想不到、稀奇古怪的东西，随之而来的是更加奇妙的问题和奥秘。
let sb down : to disappoint someone by failing to do what you agreed to do or were expected to do
使某人失望
Para.4
eg I’m sorry that I have let you down.
对不起，我让你失望了。
You will be there tomorrow - you won't let me down, will you
明天你会去那里的——你不会让我失望，对吧？
The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of very great importance.
科学家经常会经历无知、疑惑和不确定，而这种经历是十分重要的。
ignorance n. : lack of knowledge or information about something
无知
拓展
ignorant adj. 不了解的，无知的，愚昧的
Para.5
eg It is said that poverty and ignorance are the enemies of progress.
有人说，贫穷和无知是进步之敌。
We remain ignorant of the causes of this disease.
我们对这个疾病的起因仍然一无所知。
as to 至于，关于
(1)as to＋WH... 至于……
(2)as to＋n./pron./doing 至于/关于……
They have not decided yet as to who will be in charge of the project.
他们还没有决定谁来负责这项工程。
He asked for my advice as to what to do next. 关于接下来要做什么，他征求了我的意见。
As to that technical problem, I will deal with it in detail later.
至于那个技术问题，我以后再详细处理。
We had a delightful weekend in the country. As for/to the traffic, we had no difficulty.
我们在乡下度过了一个愉快的周末。至于交通，我们没有遇到任何困难。
(1)as to后面可接从句或“特殊疑问词/whether＋不定式”结构。但as for不可以。
(2)as to可用于引出一个与前文有所不同的话题。此时as to可与as for互换。
　完成句子
①我们把它定在下周六吧。至于我们野餐的地点，由你来决定。
Let's make it next Saturday. ________________________， it's up to you.
②还不能确定他是否会签署这份合同。
There is some doubt _________________ sign this contract.
③对我来说，我的母亲是我最尊敬的人。
___________， my mother is the person I respect most.
As for/to the place for our picnic
as to whether he will
As for/to me
Now, we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. (翻译)
现在，我们科学家理所当然地认为，人类生而有所不知是完全有可能的。
take it for granted : to believe that something is true without making sure
想当然地认为，认为…是理所当然
eg He just took it for granted that I would follow his advice.
他还想当然地认为我会听从他的建议。
Para.6
take sb. / sth. for granted
(因习以为常)对……不予重视，（因视为当然而）不把……当回事
eg Her parents were always there and she just took them for granted.
她的父母随时都出现在她身边，她却认为他们理应如此。
汉译英。
1) 汤姆认为父母为他所做的一切都是理所当然的。
2) 我认为女孩子对穿衣很讲究是理所当然的。
Tom took for granted all that his parents did for him.
I take it for granted that girls are particular about clothes.
Permit us to questions --- to doubt --- to not be sure.
permit vt. & vi. 1) to allow something to happen, especially by an official decision, rule, or law
允许，准许，许可；
2) to make it possible for something to happen 使有可能
n. an official written statement giving you the right to do something 许可证
a work / travel / parking permit
工作／旅游／停车许可证
Para.6
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
permit sb. do sth. 允许某人做某事
eg Dogs are not permitted in the building.
不得携狗进入楼内.
We do not permit smoking in the office.
在我们的办公室里不准吸烟.
We don’t permit consulting the dictionary during the exam.
考试期间，我们不允许查字典。
As a punishment, she was not permitted to attend any school activities. 作为惩罚，不允许她参加学校的任何活动。
permit vt. 允许，准允；vi.& vt.允许，使有可能；n.[C]许可证
(1)permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
(2)permit (one's) doing sth. 准许(某人)做某事
(3)weather/time permitting 天气/时间允许的话
(4)permission n. [U]许可，允许
ask permission 请求许可
without permission 未经许可
with sb.'s permission 经某人许可
The security system will not permit you to enter without the correct password.
密码不正确的话，安全系统是不会让你进入的。
His health doesn't permit his travelling with us. 他的健康状况不允许他同我们一 起旅行。
Weather/Time permitting, we will have a picnic in the woods.
天气/时间允许的话，我们将在树林里野餐。
You're not allowed to park here unless you have a permit.
除非你有许可证，否则你不能在这儿停车。
permit作动词时，其后可以跟不定式的复合结构(sb. to do)，但不能直接跟不定式，应注意有“be permitted to do sth.”结构。
His parents don't permit him to take his cellphone to the school.
他的父母不允许他把手机带到学校。
Visitors are not permitted to take photographs here.
参观者请勿在这里拍照。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Many shop owners don't permit ________ (park) cars in front of their shops.
②We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather __________ (permit).
③If you don't have a permit, you will not be permitted ________ (drive) a new energy vehicle.
④“Eudora is nine years old and has my _________ (permit) to read any book she wants from the shelves, children or adults，” Mother said.
⑤They were taken to the police station as they had entered the area _______________ (未经允许).
⑥Even though his father didn't ____________________________ (允许他加入) the school football team, he did it finally.
parking
permitting
to drive
permission
without permission
permit him to join/permit his joining
8. It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations. (翻译)
作为科学家，我们明白巨大进步源于思想自由，因此，我们有责任声明这一自由的价值；有责任教育人们不必害怕疑惑，而要欢迎疑惑、讨论疑惑；有责任强烈要求这一自由，这就是我们对后世的义务。
responsibility n. 1) a duty to be in charge of someone or something, so that you make decisions and can be blamed if something bad happens 责任
2) something that you ought to do because it is morally or socially right〔道德、社会〕责任，义务
have responsibility for (doing) sth. 有(做)某事的责任
it’s one’s responsibility to do sth. 某人有责任做某事
take responsibility for (doing) sth. 承担(做)某事的责任
a sense of responsibility 责任感
We need to take responsibility for looking after our own health.
我们必须对自己的健康负责。
It's your responsibility to inform us of any changes.
如有任何变动，你有责任通知我们。
Parents need to encourage a sense of responsibility in their children.
父母应鼓励自己的孩子要有责任感。
翻译：
responsibility n．[C，U]责任，负责；职责，义务
(1)a sense of responsibility 责任感
(2)take/bear/shoulder/responsibility for... 对……负责
(3)take on responsibilities 承担责任
(4)It is one's responsibility to do sth. 某人有责任做某事
(5)responsible adj. 负有责任的，应承担责任的；有责任心的
→responsibly adv. 负责任地
be responsible for sth. 对某事负责
(6)irresponsible adj. 不负责任的(ir-为否定前缀)
He feels a strong sense of responsibility towards his family. 他对他的家庭有很强的责任感。
After careful consideration, we think that Allan has got to take responsibility for the failure of the deal. 经过认真的考虑，我们认为艾伦必须为交易的失败负责。
It's her responsibility to ensure that the project is finished on time.
她有责任确保工程如期完工。
Miss Wang is responsible for it. 王老师负责这件事。
The driver should be irresponsible for the accident. 司机不应该对这起事故负责。
　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Who is responsible ________ the operation of such driverless cars is not clear among car makers, consumers(消费者) and lawyers.
②It's not only a great ___________ (responsible) but a great honor for a city to be chosen to host the Olympic Games.
③AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it must be used ________ (responsible) and in a proper way.
④Born in a traditional family, Rick was brought up to value ____________________ (责任感).
⑤To be successful, the first thing you need to do is _________________
__________________________ (承担……责任) your actions.
for
responsibility
responsibly
the sense of responsibility
take/bear/shoulder responsibility for/be responsible for
eg The government declared a state of emergency following the tsunami.
海啸过后，政府宣布进入紧急状态。
declare vt. 1) to state officially and publicly that a particular situation exists or that something is true 公布，宣布；
2) to say publicly what you think or feel 表明，宣称；
3) to state on an official government form how much money you have earned, what property you own etc申报
declare war on 向……宣战
declare that 宣布/宣称
declare against / for sb / sth 声明反对 /赞成（支持）
declare … to be… 宣布 / 宣称……是……
eg Angry residents have declared war on the owners of the factory.
气愤的居民已经向工厂主宣战。
The court declared that Brown's case should be reviewed.
法庭宣布要对布朗的案子进行复查。
Most people declared for peace and against war.
大多数人声明拥护和平，反对战争。
She was declared (to be) guilty.
已宣判她有罪.
declare 与 announce
declare 用于正式场合,指“清楚而有力地公开让人知道”, 如公开宣布战争、和平、中立等 The U.N. has declared it to be a safe zone.
announce 把人们关心或感兴趣的事正式公布于众, 常含有“预告”的意思 It is announced that their wedding will take place next week.
The boy announced that he was going to try out his toy plane that afternoon.
都含有“明确地声明或宣布”的意思
翻译下面句子。
1) 他们宣布他为获胜者。
2) 这地区已宣布为国家公园。
3) 他声称自己是无罪的。
The area has been declared (to be) a national park.
They declared him to be the winner.
He declared that he was innocent.
declare vt.宣布，公布；宣称，表明
(1)declare war on... 同……宣战
(2)declare for/against... 声明支持/反对……
(3)declare (that)... 声称/宣判……
(4)declare sth./sb.(to be)＋n. 宣布某物/某人为……
(5)declare sth./sb.＋adj. 宣布某物/某人……
The courageous citizens have declared war on the deadly disease.
英勇的市民已经向这一致命的疾病宣战。
Our government declared for this plan.我们的政府声明支持这项计划。
She declared (that) it was the best chocolate cake she had ever tasted.
她说那是她吃过的最好的巧克力蛋糕。
The area has been declared (to be) a national park.这个地区已宣布为国家公园。
The chairman declared the ceremony open; all of us present cheered.
主席宣布仪式开始，我们在场的所有人都欢呼雀跃。
　单句语法填空
①The birth rate was expected to increase rapidly after the __________ (declare) of two-child policy, but it didn't change significantly.
②Do you know when Britain declared war ________ Germany during World War Ⅱ？
③It's likely that he will declare ________ the proposal, because he thinks it will threaten people's interests.
④The head teacher declared Wang Fei ________ (be) monitor of the class.
declaration
on
against
to be
1. With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still. ( lines19-20)
Q1：这个句子是一个把介词短语置于句首的倒装句，那么它的正常语序应该是什么样子？
Q2: 请把inspiring one to look deeper still改写成一个完整的定语从句。
A deeper, more wonderful mystery comes with more knowlege, which inspires one to look deeper still.
Sentence Structures
2. Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries.
find unimagined strangeness leading on to 是find+宾语+宾补结构，strangeness与lead是主动关系，用现在分词短语leading on to…作宾补。
1) “find +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，作宾语补足语的可以是过去分词、现在分词、形容词、副词、介词短语、名词等。
find sb. / sth. done 发现某人/某物被……
find sb. /sth. doing 发现某人/某物正在做……
find sb. / sth. + adj. / adv. / n. / prep. 觉得某人/某物……
eg I find him the man who saved me. (名词)
Li Ming found himself wet when he arrived home. (形容词)
When I came to, I found myself in my mother’s arms.
(介词短语)
我发现这项工作令人厌烦。
我发现他在自己的房间里。(翻译)
I found the job boring.
I found him in his own room.
We __________________ in the garden.
我们发现他正在花园里干活。
When he came home ________________________.
当他回到家的时候，他发现门是关着的。
found him working
he found the door closed
2) find + 宾语 + adj. + to do
eg 男孩发现这本小说很难读懂。(翻译)
The boy found the novel difficult to read.
3) find + it + adj.+ to do
eg 我发现很难同他的兄弟相处。(翻译)
I found it hard to get along with his brother.
翻译句子。
1) 他们在森林中发现他受伤了。
2) 当我们到达时，发现他在睡觉。
They found him injured in the forest.
When we arrived, we found him in bed.
3. It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations.
这是一个长句，句首是it是形式主语，真正的主语是三个并列的动词不定式短语(to declare…, to teach…, and to demand…)；knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought是动词 –ing形式充当原因状语。
Observe the verbs in different situations
1. When a scientist doesn't know the anwer to a problem, he is ignorant. When he has an idea as to what the result is , he is uncertain. And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be, he is still in some doubt. (line27-29)
2.It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of though, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed, and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations(line37-40)
parallel structure
Practice
Can you imitate these sentences
Observe the verbs in different situations
parallel structure
love is...; love is ...; love is ....;
Can you imitate these sentences
parallel structure
Study makes me ...;study makes me... study makes me...
同步导练
115面
1. What caused Richard Feynman to question the vatue of science
A.His repeated failure in scientific research.
B. People's ignorance and misunderstanding of science at that time.
C.Some disastrous effects brought by science in the war.
D.Other scientists' negative comments on the value of science.
2.How many values of science are referred to in the lecture
A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.
3.What does “the intellectual enjoyment" mean according to Richard
A.Science is great fun and people take delight in learning science.
B.Science is complex and can help people become clever.
C.Science is unlimited and people get pleasure from making constant discoveries.
D. Science is developing and people enjoy the ever-changing scientific knowledge.
4.Why is it important for scientists to have the experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty
A.Because science is based on ignorance and doubt and uncertainty.
B. Because scientists also need to live a common life.
C. Because this experience once helped scientists fight against authority.
D.Because this experience can motivate scientists to go a long way in their exploration.
Before
useful and good
Thinking
enabling power
The intellectual enjoyment
The freedom to doubt
Personal experience
_________ the war
During the war
Considering science_____________
Working on the atomic bomb all the time
_______________ about some evil involved in science due to the serious aftermath
An ________________ to do all kinds of things
_______________________
________________________
Ideas on the value of science
同步导练
116面
一、根据首字母或中文提示完成句子
1. A good teacher will try to i__________ everyone in class discussion.
2. His ideas, although creative,are often difficult to a_____ in practice.
3. The boy d_________ his intention to stand for his class.
4. He showed complete ___________(无知) of the most basic scientific knowledge.
5.She deserves __________(赞扬) for all the extra work she does.
eclared
nvolve
ignorance
credit
pply
二、从方框内选择适当的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空
with a bang show off involve be familiar to
let ...down as to take it for granted
struggle against leave room for permit ... to do
put forward make up one’s mind
1.She felt badly ___________by her husband because he isn't considerate to her.
2.I suggest that you____________________ as soon as possible or you are likely to lose this chance.
3. _______in a case of murder, he is now detained (拘留) by the police.
4.Martin Luther King devoted all his life _________________ racial discrimination.
Involved
let down
struggling against
make up your mind
成功地
炫耀
牵涉，涉及；包含
为……所熟悉
使…失望或沮丧
至于， 关于
认为理所当然
与……作斗争
留出空间
允许……要做
提出
with a bang show off involve be familiar to
let ...down as to take it for granted
struggle against leave room for permit ... to do
put forward make up one’s mind
成功地
炫耀
牵涉，涉及；包含
为……所熟悉
使…失望或沮丧
至于， 关于
认为理所当然
与……作斗争
留出空间
允许……要做
提出
5. Twenty years after leaving my hometown,everything there _____still ___________me.
6. I saw Mary_____________her marriage ring to her colleagues just now.
7. As a punishment, she____________________ join in any school activities.
8.The manager said nothing ______________this problem at the meeting.
9.He is an inspiring director and often _________________actors and actresses to do their job.
10.With many practical suggestions___________ , the project will go on smoothly.
is
familiar to
showing off
is not permitted to
as to
leave room for
put forward