人教版 （新课程标准）必修五Unit 3 Life in the future复习课件(共67张PPT)

(共67张PPT)
学案(三)　高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2020·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：社会进步与人类文明
We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation — not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land，” said Rodney C．Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population，” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
?好题不厌百回做，每做一次都有新发现
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现居住在东南亚的巴瑶族人为了更好地生存，进化成了更好的潜水者。
1．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1
A．Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.
B．New knowledge of human evolution.
C．Recent findings of human origin.
D．Significance of food selection.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“they are finding examples ... thousand years”可以推断，作者举例主要是为了告诉读者人类进化的新知识，故选B。
答案：B　
2．Where do the Bajau build their houses
A．In valleys.　　　　　　 B．Near rivers.
C．On the beach. D．Off the coast.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They have traditionally lived ... in coastal waters.”可知，巴瑶族人主要居住在沿海地区，故D项正确。
答案：D　
3．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
A．They could walk on stilts all day.
B．They had a superb way of fishing.
C．They could stay long underwater.
D．They lived on both land and water.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We were so amazed ... local islanders”可知，年轻的 Jubilado 对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待更长的时间，故选C。
答案：C　
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea
B．Highlanders' Survival Skills
C．Basic Methods of Genetic Research
D．The World's Best Divers
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容及第二段的研究结果“a team of researchers reported ... but to the ocean”可知，本文主要讲述了巴瑶族人为了更好地适应海上的生活，身体结构发生了变化，所以A项适合作本文的标题。
答案：A　
?文本精读固基础，高考强调基础扎实
(一)由文本积阅读词汇
1．evolution n．　　　　　　　 _____
2．highland n. __________
3．altitude n. _____
4．sea-dwelling n. _________
5．coastal adj. ______
6．underwater adj. _______
7．genetics n. _______
8．characteristic n. _____
进化
高地；高原
海拔
海上居住
沿海的
水下的
遗传学
特征
A
C
D
B
(三)由文本积主题词块
1．look deeper into　　　　 　　 ___________
2．cattle-raising people _________________
3．a team of researchers _____________
4．live on houseboats ________
5．make a living as divers ___________
6．a graduate student ___________
更深入研究
养牛人；畜牧民族
一组研究人员
住在船上
以潜水为生
一名研究生
(四)用文本词汇替换蓝体词汇
1．I found the job tiring at first but soon I got used to it. ___________
2．Butterflies feed on the flowers of garden plants. ________
3．Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living. ____________
(五)在语境中悟微点语法
I could see them actually walking under the sea.
分析：句中现在分词短语walking under the sea作___________ ，与其逻辑主语them之间是主谓关系，表示宾语正在进行的动作。
adapted to
live on
make a living
宾语补足语
[对点练]　完成句子
①At this moment she noticed Hallorsen__________ .
这时她注意到海洛森走了进来。
②The police observed the man ________________ .
警方注意到一名男子正进入银行。
③It's amazing how often you see drivers __________________ .
你常常看到司机在用手机，真让人吃惊。
coming in
entering the bank
using mobile phones
(六)在语境中赏表达之美
1．(赏结构之美)She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them.
赏析：作者用一个常见句式She wondered if ... (她想弄明白)描述了研究基因的Melissa Ilardo对巴瑶族人是否为了更好地生存，进化成了更好的潜水者这一现象的兴趣。__引导宾语从句，从句中的定语从句that made the task easier for them，运用了“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构。整个句子结构紧凑，表意清晰。
if
[对点练——完成句子]
①___________ you'd be kind enough to give us some information.
不知能否请您向我们提供些信息。
②We must _____________to the public that something should be done to stop pollution.
我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。　　
I wonder if
make it clear
2．(赏用词之美)“It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population，” said Dr. Ilardo.
赏析：句中seem(好像，似乎)表示其后内容为推断，又结合like体现了推断的客观性；形容词perfect(完美的)修饰名词chance，表现了对这个机会的重视；动词短语act on(对……起作用)不落俗套，体现了说明文的严谨性。整个句子用词恰当严谨，表意客观准确。
3．(赏意境之美)They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.
赏析：as divers描述了巴瑶族人的身份，现在分词短语spearfishing or harvesting shellfish作状语，描写了他们的生活常态。句子虽着墨不多，但却生动形象地描绘了一个不为太多人了解、可以在水下停留较长时间、用鱼叉捕鱼或收获贝类为生的族群，引发了读者丰富的想象。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（三）”
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