Unit6.Pets(3)
Grammer:副词的比较级和最高级
副词的比较级和最高级
概念：副词和形容词一样，也有原级、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )比较级和最高级三个等级。其构成方式有规则变化和不规则变化两种情况。规则变化的一般规律是：单音节词的比较级和最高级在词尾加-er或-est; 多音节词以及-ly结尾的副词（early除外），前面加more或most.。不规则的变化式只能采用“各个击破”的办法去记忆。
1）规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
soon loud fast wide early happily carefully sooner louder faster wider earlier more happily more carefully soonest loudest fastest widest earliest most happily most carefully
2）不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
wellbadlylittlemuchfar betterworselessmorefarther（距离）further（程度） bestworstleastmostfarthestfurthest
（二）副词的比较级的用法
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1、单独使用：
Try to do better next time. 下次争取干好一点。
He’ll come back sooner or later. 他迟早会回来的。
Please speak more slowly. 请讲慢一点。
2、和than一起使用：
He swims better than I do. 他游泳游得比我好。
Can you do any better than that 你能不能干的好一些？
He arrived earlier than usual. 他到的比平时早。
3、比较级前可有状语修饰：
Y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou must work much faster. 你必须大大加快干活的速度。
Can you come over a bit more quickly 你能稍稍快点来吗？
4. as…as和not so…as结构
这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )两个结构也可结合副词使用：
1） as…as 可用在肯定句中，表示 “像…一样”，后面的副词要用原级：
She can run as fast as a deer. 她能跑的像鹿一样快。
2）在否定句中，as…as和so…as都可以用：
I don’t go there as much as I used. 我现在到那里不象过去那么多了。
I didn’t do as(so) well as I should. 我做的不如我应做的那么好。
3）这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语：
She can read twice as fast as he does. 她阅读的速度比他快一倍。
（三）副词最高级的用法：副词最高级 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可修饰动词，前面多数不带定冠词the:
He laughs best who laughs last. (谚语) 谁笑在最后谁笑的最好。
Of the four of us, I sang (the) worst. 我们四人中我唱的最差。
（四）副词比较级和最高级 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的一些特殊用法：副词比较级和最高级还可用在一些特别结构或短语中。
1）more and more 越来越…:
It rained more and more heavily. 雨下得越来越大了。
She went farther and farther away. 她越走越远了。
2）the more…the more 越…，越…：
The more I work, the more I accomplish. 我干得越多，完成的就越多。
3）had better ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) (not) do sth最好(不要)做某事：
We’d better not disturb him. 我们最好不要打扰他。
What had we better do 我们最好怎么办？
经典例题：
The volunteer spok ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e as____as she could to make the visitors understand her.
A. clearly B.more clearly
C.most clearly D.the most clearly
2.—Our school bus will leave at 8 o’clock tomorrow.Don’t be late.
--OK.I will be there ten minutes_______.
A. sooner B.slower C.faster D.earlier
3.Tony is not as clever as Lucy ,but he works ______than her.
A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.the hardest
4.—Which season do you like ____,summer or winter
--Summer.
A. well B.best C.better D.good
5.—Who ran ______of all in the sport meetings
--Jim did,I think .
A. fast B.faster C.the fastest D.more fast
6.We held a con ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cert in the hall yesterday.Kate sang ____among the singers.
A. good B.well C.better D.best
(五)注意：
知识巩固：
单项选择题。
1.I’m shortsighted a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd I can’t see the words on the notice board ____.
A, clear B, clearly C, carefully D, good
2.Jean works hard but she doesn’t work ____ Mary.
A, as harder than B, as hard than C, as harder as D, as hard as
3.They got a Christmas tree and it was ____ ours.
A, so tall as B, so taller as C, as tall as D, as taller as
4.A taxi doesn’t run as ____ as an underground train.
A, fast B, faster C, fastest D, more fast
5.”I’ve got an A for my history,” Judy said ____.
A, sadly B, sad C, happily D, happy
6.Her cousin can draw ____ an artist.
A, as well as B, not so well as C, as better as D, as good as
7. --What delicious cakes!
--They would taste ____ with butter.
A, good B, better C, bad D, worse
8.Thanks to Mrs Lin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )! With her help, we finished our work an hour ____.
A, late B, later C, early D, earlier
9.Simon looks ____ today and smiles ____ all the time.
A, happy, happy B, ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ppily, happily C, happy, happily D, happily, happy
10.She is looking ____ at her lovely son.
A, happy B, happily C, happiness D, happier
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
（一）单项选择：
1.Jack jumped than Jim in the long jump.
A．higher B．faster C．farther D．longer
2.He was lucky because he wasn’t hurt in the accident.
A．badly B．hardly C．strongly D．quickly
3.—How are getting on with your work
—I can’t do it any longer. I’ll have to get help.
A．singly B．quietly C．alone D．hard
4. Johnny doesn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t sing quite the other boys and girls in his class.
A. so well as B. as good like C. as well like D. so good as
5. The line is bad. Could you speak .
A. loud B. loudest C. loudlier D. more loudly
6. －Do you prefer music to drawing
－No, I like drawing .
A. well B. most C. better D. best
7. The horse is old and can’t run it did.
A. as fast ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er as B. so fast than C. as fast as D. faster and faster
8. Please list ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en as ____ as possible so that you won’t make any mistakes.
A, careful B, much carefully C, more carefully D, carefully
9. If you decide on th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e date to leave Shanghai, please tell me ____ possible.
A, as fast as B, as quickly as C, as swiftly as D, as soon as
10. He hasn’t got a very ____ voice, but he sings very ____.
A, good, well B, good, good C, well, well D, well, good
11. The turkey smelt ____ the chicken wings.
A, as delicious as B, as deliciously as
C, much delicious than D, more deliciously than
12. The girl looks as ____ as a film star.
A, lovely B, beautifully C, carefully D, swiftly
（二）.词性变换。
13.It’s really excitin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g that Shengzhou VI landed ______________ at last. (safe)
14. The old man looks ______________ though he is over 80. (health)
15. Please close the windows. It is raining ______________. (heavy)
16. We are sure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that China can hold the Olympic Games in 2008 ______________. (succeed)
17. It is ______________ to teach a man to fish than to give him fish. (good)
（三）．完型填空：
Most elephant ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are gray. Only a few are 18 . It’s difficult to see a white elephant. When people find a white 19 , they feel excite.
Long ago, a w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hite elephant was 20 to the king. Only the king could have a white elephant. And the white elephant must be a very 21 one. People wanted to take a look at the animal. On
22 way to the k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing, the white elephant attracted (吸引) many people. They ran inro the street and shouted, “A white elephant is coming!”
All the people 23 the cute elephant. Some gave it 24 to drink. Others sang songs to the elephant. A boy put a red hat 25 the elephant’s head.
Then the elephant ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) came before the king. 26 the king saw the white elephant. The king 27 it a mane himself. The elephant ate from gold dishes and it began a new life.
18. A. gray B. white C. red
19. A. elephant B. king C. street
20. A. swept B. painted C. taken
21. A. green B. cold C. good
22. A. your B. its C. my
23. A. liked B. sold C. spelt
24. A. dishes B. water C. food
25. A. on B. from C. off
26. A. At first B. At the beginning C. At last
27. A. asked B. gave C. builtUnit6.Pets(2)
More sayings about dogs：
dog-eat-dog 残酷的；竞争激烈的
dog-tired筋疲力尽的
Every dog has its day. 每个人都有属于自己的运气。/每个人都有时来运转的一天。
His bark is worse than his bite. 刀子嘴，豆腐心。
let sleeping dogs lie 不要自找麻烦；不要自讨苦吃
to rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
You can’t teach an old dog new tricks. 老古董学不会新东西。
写出加粗单词的同义词
①The baby is so lovely. _________
② You must look after your parents when they are old. _________
③ I had a bad cold ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). That’s why I didn’t go to school yesterday. _________
④The man is new to the town. Nobody knows who he is. _________
⑤I don’t like this neighbourhood. There’s too much traffic around
here and it makes a lot of noise. _________
⑥You have to choose between the cat and the rabbit. You cannot
have both of them. _________
写出下列单词或短语的中文意思:
chocolate_________，dolphin_________，click_________，
reason_________，cute_________，feed_________，according to_________，
sofa_________，noisy_________，nearly_________，
stranger_________，common_________，choice_________；
care for_________，h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave no choice but to do_________，head to head_________
2 Head to head
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
We want that one.我们想要那只。
one.此处用作代词，代指上文提到过的dog.
I have four pens ,I like the red one best.
我有三支钢笔。我最喜欢红色的那支。one 与it 的区别
★The dog did not kno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w it and keep on waiting for his owner every day for many years,until he died.狗不知道这件事，许多年它一直坚持每天等待它的主人，直至死去。
keep on 继续，keep on doing sth.表示继续做某事
拓展：关于keep的用法还有：
(1)“keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词” 意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。
Please keep our classroom clean.
(2) keep doing sth. 连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。
Li Lei keeps buying books about cars.
(3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. 让某人不断地做某事。强调动作的时长。
He kept me waiting for two hours.
(4) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
=stop sb. from doing sth.=prevent sb. from doing sth.
We must keep them from getting to know our plans.
【练习】
1、请保持室内干净。
译为：_______________________________________________
2、大雪使我们不能出去。
译为：_______________________________________________
3、他不停地问问题。
译为：_______________________________________________
4.他继续工作直至午夜。
译为：_______________________________________________
One day,his owner died suddenly of heart attack.
它的主人突然死于心脏病发作。
die of 与die from 都译为“死于”
两者的区别在于：
die of +内因（一般用于由害病，年老及失望，悲伤等感情原因造成死亡）
die from +外因（常用于由于外部创伤或间接的原因致死，由于衰弱，饮食过度，劳累或不明原因致死）
He ______ _______disappointment.
He ______ _______an accident.
What’s more,it's common for people to live in flats.
更为重要的是，人们通常住在公寓里。
What’s more 意为“更为重要的是”
_______ _____,he’s the most important one in our team.
common adj. 意为“通常的，普遍的”
His name was Tom,a _____name in Norway.
知识巩固：
一：单项选择
More and more people ______cancer.
A.die to B.die in C.die of D.die from
2.The trees keep the wind from ______.
A.blow B.blowing C.blew D.to blow
3. Where is my di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctionary If I can’t find ______,I’ll have to buy _____.
A.it,one B.one,it C.it,it D.one,one
4.When you visit a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) museum you should _____the instructions and don’t be against them.
A.compare with B.look forward to C.pay attention to D.try out
5.I will wait ____I hear from you.
A.until B.since C.while D.because
6.—Why do you always sleep _____
--Because I’m afraid of the dark.
A.by yourself ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B.with the door open C.with the door open D.with the light on
二．完型填空
You have prob ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ably heard the expression，“It’s raining cats and dogs outside．”That means 7 it，S raining very hard I not that 8 cats and dogs are falling from the 9 ．However，one day in June，1882，it really did rain 10 over Dubuque，Iowa．The frogs 11 falling along with hailstones(冰雹)during a 12 storm．
Hail is formed when drops of rainwater are 13 by heavy winds and are carried high up into the air．There the raindrops become frozen．Many drops may freeze 14 to form balls of ice；these ice balls，or hailstones，then 15 to earth．
During the storm in Dubuque，the strong winds lifted small frogs from nearby ponds(池塘) 16 the air along with raindrops．When some of these frogs became covered with ice，both hailstones and“frog-stones”fell onto the ground．
7．A．that B．how C．why D．if
8．A．careless B． blind C．dead D．real
9．A．hill B．tower C．sky D．building
10．A．cats B．frogs C．dogs D．birds
11．A．stopped B．enjoyed C．began D．forgot
12．A．popular B．terrible C．weekly D．common
13．A．divided B．added C．changed D．caught
14．A．together B．alone C．so D．almost
15．A．hold B．lose C．keep D．fall
16．A．from B．into C．after D．by
三．阅读理解
There are all kinds o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f animals on our planet. Some are sweet, some are not; some are small, some are tall. Here are four pictures of some of the funniest, friendliest faces. But remember, although they look nice, it doesn’t mean they are always friendly. Not all dogs are so cute, but most of them are pretty friendly. When you come near an unfamiliar(不熟悉的)dog, remember to hold out your hand, so he can smell you and see that you mean no harm. Cows love to eat grass, and they eat quite a lot! You needn’t be afraid of this quiet farm animal. But don’t run at a cow in a field or touch one, unless you are told by an adult it’s okay. Horses are big, beautiful animals, but they can be surprised easily. A horse might jump up if she hears a loud noise, or kick her legs if you come near too suddenly. All horses, like humans, are different. Chimpanzees make funny faces and put on a real show at the zoo, but believe it or not, they can be very dangerous. And they are strong, too —much stronger than humans —so you should never make a chimp mad!
17. Which of the animals can make faces
A. Cows. B. Chimpanzees. C. Dogs. D. Horses.
18. We can learn from the passage that_______.
A. cows are quiet B. all dogs are cute
C. horses never kick D. Chimpanzees are not dangerous
19. According to the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )assage, you should _______when you come near an unfamiliar dog.
A. feed him something B. shout at him
C. touch his head D. hold out your hand
20. The author wants to tell us that_______.
A. some animals are sweet, but they are small
B. some animals are not sweet, but they are tall
C. some animals are funny, but they are not beautiful
D. some animals look nice, but they are not always friendly
两者均可用作代词，指前面提到的名词。
一般来说，one指同名异物，it指同名同物。
对比：
I have lost my umbrella.I think I must buy one.我丢了伞，我想我必须买一把。
（one 在该句中表泛指，因为my umbrella 已经丢了）
I have lost my umbrella.I am looking for it.我丢了伞，我正在寻找它。
（该句中it 就是前面的my umbrella.）Unit6.Pets(1)
vocabulary：
phrases：
care for 照顾，照料 what’s more 更有甚者，更为重要的是
have no choice but to do 除了…别无选择
run free (动物)自由自在
keep sb. from (doing) sth.阻止某人做某事 die of 死于
用下面框中的词语完成会话.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
★Scond,We can learn responsibility from keeping dogs.
其次，我们能通过养狗学习责任。
second adv. 第二，其次 相当于 secondly
First,….Second,….Third,…
首先，…。其次，…。第三，…。
responsibility n. 责任
It’s your _________to tell us the truth.
告诉我们真相是你的责任。
As a doctor she has a ________to save him.
作为一名医生，她有责任救他.
拓展：responsible adj. 负责的
be responsible for 对…负责
He is a ___________doctor,he _____ _____ ________anything.
他是一名负责任的医生，他对任何事情都很负责。
learn sth. from (doing) sth. 通过（做）某事学习某事/物
learn from sb. 向某人学习
We learnt a lot _______this travel.通过这次旅行我们学到了很多
We should ________ ________ each other and help each other.
我们应该互相学习，互相帮助.
★Young people can learn how to care for others by keeping dogs.
年轻人通过养狗能学会怎样照料别人.
①care for 照顾，照料 与take care of ,look after 同义
Please ________ ________my pet dogs when I go to Beijing.
= Please ________ ________my pet dogs when I go to Beijing.
= Please ________ ________ ________my pet dogs when I go to Beijing.
②careless ← careless ← care → careful → carefully
粗心地adv. 粗心的 adj. 照顾，照料n. 仔细的adj. 仔细地 adv.
★A dog will love you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) faithfully and bring you lots of happiness for many years.
狗会许多年忠诚地爱你，并带给你很多欢乐.
faithfully adv. 忠诚地，忠实地
faithful adj. 忠实的
be faithful to 对…忠诚的
He is my ________fan .
The soldiers _________ _______ _____our country.
He loves her __________.
★Dogs are noisy.
狗很吵
noisy adj. 吵闹的
noise n. 噪音
Don't make so much _______,the baby is sleeping.
It’s too________.Please turn down the TV.
★Not all the dogs are friendly.
并非所有的狗都友好。
not all 表示部分否定，意为“并非所有的”
Not all pens work. 并非所有的钢笔都好用.
Not all students went to the park.
译为：____________________________________
★According to my mum, this helps us become more responsible people.
据我妈妈所说，这帮我们成为更负责任的人。
according to 介词 意为“据…所说”
According to the police,it’s not true.据警方所说，那不是真的。
They both played the games ________ _______the rules.
他们两个都按照规则玩游戏.
★Nearly all dogs bark ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) at strangers.
几乎所有的狗都会冲陌生人大叫.
①nearly adv. 几乎，差不多
It was already nearly eight o’clock.已经快八点钟了。
nearly和almost 的区别：
两者都可用来修饰不定代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等，此时两者常可换用：
It’s almost [nearly] impossible. 那几乎是不可能的。
He almost [nearly] always arrives late. 他差不多总是迟到。
(2) almost 可用于 any 以及 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定词之前，但 nearly 一般不这样用：
Almost any man can do it. 几乎任何人都会做。
Almost no on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e came to the party. 几乎没有人来参加晚会。 但是，两者都可用在否定动词之前： He almost [nearly] didn’t catch the bus. 他差点没赶上公共汽车。
(3) nearly 前可用 very ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), pretty, not 等词修饰，但 almost 之前不能用这些词： It’s not nearly so difficult as you think. 这远不像你想像的那么难。
【注】not nearly 意为“远非”, very [pretty] nearly 意为“几乎”，都是习语。
(4) 有时 almost 可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同)，此时不用 nearly：
Our cat understands everything—he’s almost human.我们的猫什么都懂---快通人性了。
②stranger 可数n. 陌生人（strange adj. 陌生的，奇怪的）
They are not strangers.他们不是陌生人。
★They have no choice but to keep their dogs in small spaces.
他们除了将狗养在小空间里别无选择.
have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事别无选择
choice n. 选择
choose v. 选择 过去式为：chose ，过去分词为：chosen
chose to do sth.选择做某事
①I ______________go to the university at last.
最后我选择了去上大学.
②我们除了先完成作业别无选择。
译为：__________________________________________.
③这是一个很好的选择。
This is a good _________.
知识巩固：
一：选择题：
--It is wise ____to wear the white tie.It matches your shirt well.
--Thank you very much.
A.choice B.support C.mixture D.honour
2.All the student ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are talking and laughing in the classroom and it’s ______.
A.noisy B.lonely C.quiet D.strict
3.Many teenagers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______the old and they often offter their seats to the old on the buses.
A.agree with B.worry about C.laugh at D.care for
4.---Mr.Li is badly ill in hospital.
---__________.
A.It doesn’t matter. B.Really
C.I’m sorry to hear that D.Thank you very much.
5.We should always learn _______others .
A.to B.of C.from D.for
6.They have no choice but_____quietly.
A.to wait B.wait C.waiting D.waited
7.Please ____ these exercise-books to the office over there.
A.bring B.take C.carries D.keep
8.There is _____milk i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the fridge .Let’s go to the supermarket and buy some.
A.a few B.few C.a little D.little
9.The animals should have enough space to_______.
A.keep on B.run free C.lie around D.care for
10.It’s nice ____pet cats in our arms.
A.to hold B.holding C.held D.to be held
二：根据句意及首字母提示完成单词或短语。
11.I have no c________but to study hard.
12.I found a key l______ on the ground yesterday.
13.You’d better pay a_______ to your handwriting(书写).
14.Jim didn’t go to bed u________11:00 last night.
15.Could you give me a r______ why you are often late.
16.It’s our r________to finish our homework.
17.I don’t know her.We’re s________.
18.We shouldn’t eat too much _______(巧克力)at a time.
三．根据所给的内容，用英语完成下列句子。
19.根据这篇文章，这个问题的答案是错误的。
_______ ______the passage,the answer to the question is wrong.
20.动物园里的动物不可以四处自由走动。
The animals in the zoo can’t _______ _______.
21.对考试结果抱怨是没有必要的。
It’s not necessary to ________the result of the exam.
22.狗对它的主人是忠诚的
The dog is ________ ________his owner.
四．句型转换
23.We have to study hard.(改为同义句)
We ________ ________ ________ ________ study hard.
24.They didn’t go to sleep before eleven o’clock last night. (改为同义句)
They did ________go to sleep________ eleven o’clock last night.
25.I believe they will finish it on time.(改为否定句)
I ________ ________ ________ ________ finish it on time.
26.You’d better go there on Sunday. (改为否定句)
You ________ ________ ________ go there on Sunday.
n.
responsibility 责任 stranger 陌生人 choice 选择
attention 注意力 heart 心脏，心
adj.
cute 可爱的 noisy吵闹的 common 常见的
v.
respond 回答，回应 cause 引起 feed 喂养
lie 躺 believe 相信
until （conj.）直到…为止 according to (prep.)据…所说
nearly （adv.）几乎，差不多
