2023届高考英语二轮复习专题：倒装句课件（79张ppt)

(共79张PPT)
倒
装
句
inversion
倒装概述和分类
半倒装结构
全倒装结构
写作中的应用
01
02
03
04
Contents
目 录
倒装概述和分类
0
1
概念
一般来讲，英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前，谓语在后。如果把谓语放在主语之前，就叫倒装。
全部倒装（Complete Inversion）:全部谓语放在主语前
部分倒装(Partial Inversion):把助动词或情态动词放在主语前
不倒置主谓的倒装: 句中的某些成分提前(表语最常见)
倒装的原因有两个: 一是语法结构需要，
二是为了强调的需要。
将主语和谓语动词完全颠倒过来，把谓语整体迁移到主语前面，称为全倒装；只将谓语的一部分（助动词/情态动词/系动词）提到主语之前，称为半倒装。
正常语序：A young lady sat by the window with a bunch of flowers in her hand.
全倒装：By the window sat a young lady with a bunch of flowers in her hand.
正常语序：You will find how much you love it only when you leave the school.
半倒装：Only when you leave school will you find how much you love it.
语序（主语与谓语）
自然语序
倒装语序
全部倒装
部分倒装
1. I like English.
2. Here comes the bus!
3. Only in this way can you learn English well
半倒装结构
0
2
半倒装结构
结构
助动词 Do you make wands
系动词 Are you a swordsman
情态动词 Can you feel the love tonight
助动词/系动词/情态动词 + 主语
构成
一般疑问即半倒
Never shall I do this again.
At no time can you say “no” to the order.
Only in this way will you learn English well.
把助动词, 情态动词, 系动词放在主语之前，
即: 助动词\modal verb \ be+ subject + v +…
例句：Little did I know that you were Romeo.
原句：I knew little that you were Romeo.
结构1：句首否定词 + 一般疑问结构
否定词 不 not, not, never
几乎不 hardly, scarcely, nowhere, rarely, little, seldom
否定短语 不 at no time, in no case, on no condition, under no circumstances, in no way, by no means
含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little, neither, nor, not only, hardly…when, in no case, by no means, no sooner…than, many a time, often 等。 （部分倒装）
1)Not until the 19th century was the written examination probably known.
2)Not only was everything he had taken away from,
but also his German citizenship.
3)Not a single mistake did he made.
4)Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started.
Hardly anyone believe that today.
Not only you but also she has been to Beijing.
Neither the girls nor John is to blame.
1. Not only is she a good singer, but also she is a good dancer.
2. Neither did he watch TV nor did he go to the cinema.
3. Not until it is dark will we come home.
注意1：修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装
I have never seen such a performance.
注意2： 如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如：
I seldom arrange homework to students.
Seldom do I arrange homework to students.
She cares little about appearance.
Little does she care about appearance.
cared
did
Nick ruined my plan. I will never forgive him.
Nick ruined my plan. Never _______________ him.
I have seldom seen such a cunning guy like Nick.
Seldom _______________ such a cunning guy like Nick.
will I forgive
have I seen
将下列倒装句还原成陈述句。
Hardly could people believe their eyes.
Never did Emmons expect it.
In no time did he freeze.
Not until the last shot did he lose.
Gone was the gold.
So depressed was he that he came up to his wife.
将下列倒装句还原成陈述句。
People could hardly believe their eyes.
Emmons never expected it.
He froze in no time.
He did not lose until the last shot.
The gold was gone.
He was so depressed that he came up to his wife.
归纳：
1.否定副词:never/hardly/seldom/little/not
2.否定意义的介词短语:in no case/by no
means/in no way/on no account/under
no condition/under no circumstances
3. 重要句型:
not until…+助/情/be/+主语
not only+助/情/be/+主语+but also
No sooner had +主语+done than
Hardly had +主语+done when
Scarcely had +主语+done when…
否定词位于句首，句子部分倒装
1.Not about his safety.(他不关心自己的安全care)
2.I promised that in no case______________(我绝不会屈服)
to any challenge. (give)
3.we all admire his success, but little _________________
(我们知道) about the efforts he made. (know)
would I give in
do we know
did he care
否定词放句首的三种考法：
1.否定词直接放句首
2.否定词位于从句的句首
3.否定词位于由and, but, or引导的两并列句的后一句句首
即:A and B; A but B;　A, or B 这样的形式
I did not know the truth until I saw the pistachio nuts.
Not until I saw the pistachio nuts did I know the truth.
特殊用法1：not until 直到……才……【主倒从不倒】
主句
从句
until从句不倒装
not主句半倒装（一般疑问结构）
特殊用法2：not only…but also【前倒后不倒】
not only后倒装
but also后不倒装
My brother not only cheated me out of my money but also insulted my intelligence.
Not only did my brother cheat me out of my money but also insulted my intelligence.
—I am shocked at the news that many publics were killed in the terrible traffic accident.
—So am I. Little __________ the safety of the poor children.
did the local government care for
the local government cared for
did the local government care about
the local government cared about
C
特殊用法3：“一……就……”句型的倒装
Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had + 主语 + done when + 主 + 谓
Hardly had he sworn to god when it thundered.
No sooner had + 主语 + done than 主 + 谓
No sooner had he sworn to god than it thundered.
否定连词引起的部分倒装
not only ... but also ....,
neither ... nor ...,
not until ...
hardly ... when ...,
scarcely ... when ...,
no sooner ... than ...,
练一练：
1 . No sooner _________ She had time to sit and have a rest than the phone ________ again.
A .had ; rang B . have ; rings C . had ; has rang D . having ; rings
2 . Hardly _______school when _______ a envelop on the table.
A . had I arrived ; I saw B . had I reached ; I see
C . had I arrived at ; I saw D . have I arrived at ; I saw
3. Scarcely ____ ( have ) he seen me when he _____ ( run ) away.
4.I no sooner __________ ( fall ) in love than I _____ ( see ) that girl for the first time.
A
C
had
ran
had fallen
saw
原句：He will agree to study only in this way.
第一步：only前变疑问句
Will he agree to study
第二步：Only + 状语提前
Only in this way will he agree to study.
结构2：Only + 状语 + 一般疑问结构
Only + 状语，位于句首
Only in this way can you work out the problem.
Only after my friend came _____. A did the computer repair
B he repaired the computer
C was the computer repaired
D the computer was repaired
Only _____ answer this question. A you can
B can you
C you be able
D do you
Only then can you work out the problem.
Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
副词
介词短语
从句
主倒从不倒
特殊用法1：only后紧跟的主语是sb.，不用倒装
Only you 能伴我取西经
Only you 能杀妖和除魔
Only you 能保护我
叫螃蟹和蚌精无法吃我
你最大的本领就是Only you
eg. Only you can do it!
不用半倒装
Only when __________ in front of our house __________ Lily in the passenger seat.
the car pulled up; did we see
the car pulled up; has we see
did the car pull up; did we see
did the car pull up; we have seen
A
原句：He was so nice that he received a lot of cards.
He was such a nice guy that he received a lot of cards.
第一步：so + 形副提句首/such形名提句首
第二步：一般疑问结构 + that从句
So nice was he that he received a lot of cards.
Such a nice guy was he that he received a lot of cards.
结构3：So/Such短语 + 一般疑问结构
They asked me so many questions that I got confused.
So many questions
He had such a fierce dog that we had to wait before we could get in.
Such a fierce dog
did they ask me that I got confused.
did he have that we had to wait before we could get in.
_______________________(男孩害怕的很frightened) that he did not dare to move an inch.
So frightened was the boy
So +形容词或副词/Such+名词…置于句首+ 部分倒装+that+陈述语序。
so... that结构中so及其引导内容位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，从句不倒
主倒从不倒
Eg . He drove so carelessly that he almost killed himself.
Eg . So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.
Eg . You speak so fast that I can not follow you.
Eg . So fast do you speak that I can not follow you.
练一练：
1. So clever a boy _________ ( be ) he that we all love him.
2. So fat ______ ( be ) he that he can hardly walk.
3. So fast _________ ( do ) he run that he is far ahead of others.
is
is
does
so many/few（如此多/少）+ 复数名词 + 一般疑问结构
so much/little（如此多/少）+ 不可数名词 + 一般疑问结构
We ate so much that we couldn’t move for the next hour.
So much __________ that we couldn’t move for the next hour.
特殊用法1：so many/few结构、so much/little结构
did we eat
__________ in Louisiana that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail.
So concerned were scientists
So concerned scientists were
Such concerned scientists were
Such concerned were scientists
A
结构4：as、though引导让步状语从句时的特殊倒装
①名词倒装（若变化前名词前面有冠词，不要冠词）
Eg .Though his son is a child , he is able to stand on his own feet.
Eg . Child though/as his son is , he is able to stand on his own feet.
方法：将可数名词单数提到as前面，并删去冠词
自力更生
②形容词倒装
Eg . Though the storm was terrible , we continued our way.
方法：将形容词提到as前面
Eg . Terrible though/as the storm was , we continued our way.
③副词倒装
Eg .Though the boy tried hard , he could not make her mind changed.
方法：将副词提到as前面
Eg . Hard though/as the boy tried , he could not make her mind changed.
④过去分词、现在分词倒装
Eg .Though he is doing his homework , he can not help want to play computer games.
Eg .Doing his homework though/as he is, he can not help want to play computer games.
方法：将分词及其后面的东西提到as前面
⑤动词原形倒装，若谓语中不含动词原型，则借助助动词do、did帮忙
Eg .Though the boy might try , he could not solve the problem .
Eg . Try though/as the boy might , he could not solve the problem .
方法：将动词原形词提到as前面
Eg .Though the boy finished his homework, he could not go out to play.
Eg . Finish though/as the boy did his homework, he could not go out to play.
Although he is a scientist, he wants to learn more.
Although he is young, he knows a lot.
Although I tried, I failed again.
Scientist as he is, he wants to learn more.
Young as he is, he knows a lot.
Try as I did, I failed again.
Although he would try, he might fail again.
Try as he would, he might fail again.
结构5：在含有had 、were、should的虚拟条件句，若省略if，则if从句使用部分倒装
If Mark had invited me, I would have been glad to come.
Had Mark invited me, I would have been glad to come.
Eg . If I had left a little earlier ，I would have caught the train.（与过去事实相反）
Eg . Had I left a little earlier ，I would have caught the train.
1.将if从句变为一般疑问句 2.省略if
Eg . If I were you，I should work hard.（与现在事实相反）
Eg . Were I you，I should work hard.
Eg . If it should rain ，the crops would be saved.（与将来事实相反）
Eg . Should it rain ，the crops would be saved.
练一练：
1 . ________ in school again , I would work harder.
A .Was I B . Were I C . Were I if D . I were
2. _______ I ________ ( tell )the girl that I love you , she ____________ ( be ) my wife now.
3. ________ ( have ) you arrived five minutes earlier , you could _________ ( see )them off．
4. ________ ( be ) I you , I would not ask the question.
B
told
would be
错综虚拟条件句，主句与一般现在时相反，从句与一般过去时相反，省略if，从句部分倒装
Had
Had
have seen
Were
与过去相反
与现在相反
虚拟条件句中，be的过去式只能是were，若使用部分倒装，则必须省略if
全倒装结构
0
3
1. A little girl stood in the rain.
In the rain stood a little girl.
2. The boy rode away.
Away rode the boy.
3. Your dog runs here.
Here runs your dog.
4. A picture hangs on the wall.
On the wall hangs a picture.
1. In the rain stood a little girl.
2. Away rode the boy.
3. Here runs your dog.
4. On the wall hangs a picture.
全部倒装：把谓语全部提到主语之前,
即…… + 谓语 + 主语
结构1：Here, there, now, then或 out, in, up, down, away, off 等副词开头的句子+ (谓语动词be, go, come)
主语是人称代词，语序不变。
如：Here you are.
Out it comes.
如：There goes the bus.
Out ran the teacher.
Then came a new difficulty.
Now comes your turn.
车来了。
Here comes the bus .
Out rushed Zhou Zhengtao.
Out he rushed.
现在轮到你了。 Now comes your turn
周正涛冲出去了。
他冲出去了。
注意:　如果主语为人称代词，则不需要倒装。
Attention！:
代词做主语时，主谓语序不变
Here comes the car.
Here it comes.
这两句倒裝了吗
Out they went.
Out went the children.
Compare:
1. ---- Here ____! Where is my dog
----There ____.
A. comes the bus, is it
B. comes the bus, it is
C. the bus comes, is it
D. the bus comes, it is
2.___ the plane.
A. Flew down
B. Down flew
C. Down was flying
D. Down fly
注意：在完全倒装中一般不用进行时态，而是一般现在时或一般过去时.
结构2：状语（介词短语）+ v.(be, come, go, lie, sit, stand, run, walk)+ 主语
1.In front of my house _____________
(立着一棵树) with a history of 1,000 years. (stand)
2.By the window ___________________
(坐着位老人) with a magazine in his hand just now. (sit)
stands a tree
sat an old man
考成分分析
3.They arrived at a farm house, in front
of which __________ (坐着一个男孩) . (sit)
4.The soldiers ran to the mountain, on the
top of which__________(飘着一面旗帜). (fly)
sat a boy
flew a flag
考倒装和定语从句的综合
结构3：以引导词there开头的句子，须使用倒装结构，除 there be 外还有there live / stand / lie / exist等。
There be (live/stand/ lie/ seem/ happen/appear…)
全部倒装
桌子上有一本书，两个橙子。
There _____one book and two oranges on the desk. (be)
山顶有棵大树。
___________________ on the top of the hill.（stand）
There stands a big tree
is
Long long ago, there was a hill.
Describe the pictures
“There be\exist\lie…”
___________ a high school at the foot of Mount JT.
There lies
结构4：直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。
如：“I’ll call again after supper,” said he.
“Let me go on with the operation.” said one of the doctors.
注意：主语是代词时，不倒装。“The car is mine,” he said.
“What’s up, Tom ” asked Mother.
“The car is mine,” said Tom.
结构5：主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要,将表语提前。
1. Inside the pyramid are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.
2. Gone are the days when we are enslaved.
3. Present at the meeting are ten famous writers.
4. Among the children was an old man.
作表语用的形容词、现在/过去分词、介词短语位于句首,句子完全倒装,以达到强调、句式平衡或上下文衔接紧密的目的。即：
主系表
表系主
1____________________ (出席会议)are the president and many other guests. (present)
2____________________ (长在山上) are varieties of flowers and plants. (grow)
3 _________________ (日子一去不复返了) when our Chinese were looked down upon. (go)
4 ________________ (在这些商品中) are Christmas trees, flowers and toys. (among)
Gone are the days
Among the goods
Present at the meeting
Growing on the hill
倒装
全部倒装
部分倒装
1. 在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。
2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。
1、Only+状语位于句首时
2.否定副词或短语位于句首时
3、在省去if的虚拟条件从句 中
4、So\ Neither\ Nor 位于句首时
6、特殊句式
5、as引导的让步状语从句
高考链接
1. Not until all the fish died in the river ____
how serious the pollution was.
did the villagers realize
C. the villagers realized
B. the villagers realized
D. didn’t the villagers realize
2. Only in this way _____ to make improvement in the operating system.
you can hope B. you did hope
C. can you hope D. did you hope
3. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party,____.
A. he will either B. neither will he
C. he neither will D. either he will
4. — My room gets very cold at night.
— ___________.
A. So is mine B. So mine is
C. So does mine D. So mine does
5. Not a single song _____ at yesterday’s party.
A. she sang B. sang she
C. did she sing D. she did sing
Exercises:
1.Not until all the fish died in the river_____ how serious the pollution was.
A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realize
C.the villagers did realize D.didn’t the villagers realize
2.It was not until 1920____ regular radio broadcasts began.
A.while B.which C.that D.since
3.I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life_____ so happy.
A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt
4. — Why can't I smoke here
— At no time _______ in the meeting-room.
A. is smoking permitted　　 B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted　 D. does smoking permit
5.No sooner _______ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began　 B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin　 D. had the game begun
6. — Do you know Tom bought a new car
— I don't know, _______.
A. nor don't I care　 B. nor do I care　
C. I don't care neither　 D. I don't care also
7._____ can you expect to get a pay rise.
A.With hard work B.Although work hard
C.Only with hard work D.Now that he works hard
8.Now____ Sally’s turn to keep guard.
A.there is B.is going C.has come D.comes
9.Not only_____ polluted but_____ crowded.
A.was the city; were the streets
B.the city was; were the streets
C.was the city; the streets were
D.the city was; the streets were
10.So___ that no fish can live in it.
A.the lake is shallow B.shallow the lake is
C.shallow is the lake D.is the lake shallow
11.Little_____ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.
A.does he care B.did he care C.he cares D.he cared
12.Was it in 1969_____ the American astronaut succeeded ____ landing on the moon.
A.when; on B.that; on C.when; in D.that; in
13.______ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A.If it is not B.Were it not
C.Had it not been D.If they were not
14.---David has made great progress recently.
---_____, and______ .
A.So he has; so you have B.So he has; so have you
C.So has he; so have you D.So has he; so you have
15.Here ____the good news for every man and every woman who ____in the town.
A. is ; live B. is; lives C. are; live D. are; lives
长难句分析：
Along with them goes social mobility, ambition to rise in the urban world, a main factor in bringing down the births in Europe in the nineteenth century.
要点分析：这是一个完全倒装句，主语是social mobility……century，谓语动词是goes. ambition to rise in the urban world 是对 social mobility的进一步说明。a main factor在意思上相当于which is a main factor in……century，修饰 ambition to ……world.
参考译文：伴随他们而来的是社会的流动性，人们强烈地希望在城市里发展，这是19世纪欧洲出生率下降的主要因素。
2. For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
要点分析：句中had he grown up …… 是虚拟条件中省略if的倒装结构。翻译时，要把if的含义译出。主句为并列谓语…… compensate …… ， and …… tell结构。句中how引导宾语从句。虚拟条件句为宾语从句的状语。根据汉语的表达习惯，条件状语常前置。
参考译文：例如，它们并不弥补明显的社会不公；因此，它们说明不了一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境下成长，会有多大的才干。
写作中的应用
0
4
Practice makes perfect
So wonderful was the light show that people all crowded into the river beach.
Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.
半倒装的写作应用：
假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事
构思：我英语很好，也很了解中国画的历史和风格。
e.g. I not only have mastery of English but have a general idea of the history and styles of Chinese paintings as well.
e.g. Not only do I have mastery of English but have a general idea of the history and styles of Chinese paintings as well.
【2017全国Ⅱ卷】假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.展览时间、地点；2.展览内容。
Not only __________ the art of paper-cutting, but also __________ a deep understanding of Chinese culture.用倒装表达正确的是______________。
you will appreciate; you are have
you appreciate; can you have
will you appreciate; you can have
will you appreciate; can you gave
C
假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据一下提示给他写一封电子邮件。
1.比赛的时间、地点；2.邀请他的原因
构思：我们需要你，有你我们才能赢得比赛。
e.g. Only when you have joined our team can we have confident in our success.
e.g. Only when you have joined our team will we be confident that we’ll win a victory eventually.
假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请你给他回邮件，内容包括：
3.建议他做那些准备工作；
下列翻译正确的是（ ）
Only when you are equipped with basic Chinese you can adapt to the life in Beijing more quickly.
Only when you equip with basic Chinese you can adapt to the life in Beijing more quickly.
Only when you are equipped with basic Chinese can you adapt to the life in Beijing more quickly.
Only when you are equipped with basic Chinese adapt you to the life in Beijing more quickly.
C
上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：
1.农场情况；2.采摘过程；3.个人感受
构思：我们很开心，所以把它推荐给你们。
e.g. We have enjoyed ourselves so much that we are delighted to recommend it to you.
e.g. So much have we enjoyed ourselves that we are delighted to recommend it to you.
【2018年6月浙江卷】假设你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：
1.口语能力；2.相关经验；3.应聘目的
_______________ that _______________ the first prize in the speech contest.（ ）
Such great progress did I make in spoken English; did I won.
Such great progress did I make in spoken English; I won.
So great progress I made in spoken English; did I win.
So great progress did I make I in spoken English; I won.
B
全倒装的写作应用：
上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：
1. 农场情况；2.采摘过程；3.个人感受。
构思：我们的目的地坐落于泰山脚下，它是我们城市最大的农场之一。
e.g. Our destination lies at the bottom of the Mount Tai. It is one of the largest farms in our city.
e.g. At the bottom of Mount Tai lies our destination which is one of the largest farms in our city.
【2019全国Ⅰ卷】假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事
many old-famous paintings
are
which interest me a lot
in your art gallery
使用倒装后，顺序正确的是_______________.
4213
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加的比赛，内容包括：
1.比赛信息；2.赛前准备；3.表达准备
构思：我们必须做好充分准备，绝不轻敌。
e.g. We must be well prepared. We should not underestimate our opponents.
e.g. We have to be well prepared. Under no circumstances should we underestimate our opponents.
谢谢观看
Thank you!
倒
装
句