“上网闲逛”带来的隐患等2则外刊阅读训练-2023届高三英语二轮复习（含答案）
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| 名称 | “上网闲逛”带来的隐患等2则外刊阅读训练-2023届高三英语二轮复习（含答案） |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 22.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-02 18:31:43 | ||
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外刊精读精练
“上网闲逛”带来的隐患
导读：
一项调查发现，目前每个工作日中14%的时间竟然被用于“上网闲逛”。在各国的办公室里，员工在上班时间查看社交媒体网站、网上购物、阅读新闻、浏览八卦等已很常见。人们为什么会养成“上网闲逛”的习惯呢？这个习惯怎么改？跟随本集《外刊精读》了解造成人们“上网闲逛”背后的原因。
一、语篇泛读
Vocabulary: Procrastination 词汇: 延迟
Time to own up. When you’re sitting at your computer, do you work solidly all day Or do you allow yourself to become distracted now and again… to open a few extra tabs, check social media, read a spot of news, browse the latest fashion trends, maybe catch up on some celebrity gossip, and look at some…
Stop! You’re ‘cyberloafing’. The unwieldy word is a combination of ‘cyber’, which means ‘related to computers’, and ‘loafing’, which means ‘relaxing in a lazy way’. We do it, and we do it a lot. A study from the University of Texas suggests we are guilty of this form of procrastination for 14% of our working day. On a Friday afternoon, I expect it’s more than that.
I’ll admit to indulging in the odd bout of cyberloafing myself. In fact I’ve already done it in the course of writing this story. OK, more than once.
But it’s a slippery slope. It can damage your productivity and even your career. Because according to the Univeristy of Texas research, each time a worker gets sidetracked by the internet it takes an average of 23 minutes to get back to work.
More than that, cyberloafing has a dark side, according to a report published in The Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace. It argues that cyberloafing is connected to several negative personality traits. People who cyberloaf are more likely to be manipulative, self-interested and narcissistic. Furthermore, people with these traits are less likely to feel remorse about avoiding work, and less concerned about getting caught.
Why do we do it For some, it’s undoubtedly an escape from the drudgery of what they’re supposed to be doing. Or a way of avoiding tackling that ever growing in-tray. Some might get a feeling of satisfaction, get a buzz from finding a great deal online. But overall, it’s something that takes you away from what you’re actually being paid to do, or paying to do: if you’re a student.
When you have the whole world of the internet at your fingertips, it’s hard to resist.
How do we nip it in the bud If you can truly ask yourself why you are cyberloafing, then that can help identify the base problem. And if that sounds like too much hard work, you could just switch off the internet for a couple of hours!
So in the meantime, let me just close those extra tabs…
二、词汇表
own up 承认，坦白（错误）
solidly 扎扎实实地，连续地
now and again 不时的
tab （浏览器）窗口
gossip 八卦，流言蜚语
unwieldy 笨拙的
indulge in 沉溺于
odd 偶尔的
bout（某活动的）一阵
slippery slope 滑坡效应，下坡路
productivity 生产率
get sidetracked 使分心，注意力被转移了
dark side 阴暗面，黑暗面
manipulative 有控制欲的，爱摆布（他人）的
self-interested 利己主义的，只为自己着想的
narcissistic 自我欣赏的
get a buzz 让人感到异常兴奋
at your fingertips 近在手边
to nip (something) in the bud 防患于未然
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. Is cyberloafing a widespread problem
2. What does the author say is the best way to stop cyberloafing
3. Why can you say cyberloafing has a ‘dark side’
4. Which word means ‘continuous boredom’
5. True or false: The author has sympathy for cyberloafers.
请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处 。
1. Don’t spend too much on your credit card. It’s a ______. You get into serious financial trouble.
dark side buzz
sidetrack slippery slope
2. Stop looking at yourself in the mirror. You really are ______.
manipulative unwieldy
narcissistic sidetracked
3. I’ll admit I do like the ______ muffin now and again. Even though I’m putting on weight.
odd unusual
strange slippery
4. With a ______, you have the world at your fingertips. It can do so many things.
frying pan
smartphone
pair of gloves
toothbrush
5. I’ve been working solidly all morning. I need ______.
a break a buzz
to speed up to focus
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. Is cyberloafing a widespread problem
According to one study, almost 14% of our working day is spent cyberloafing. So in terms of productivity, it’s a huge problem.
2. What does the author say is the best way to stop cyberloafing
The best way is to ask yourself why you are cyberloafing and try to identify the base problem.
3. Why can you say cyberloafing has a ‘dark side’
One study linked cyberloafing with negative personality traits, including being manipulative, narcissistic and self-interested.
4.Which word means ‘continuous boredom’
Drudgery.
5. True or false: The author has sympathy for cyberloafers.
The author admits to cyberloafing and also uses language like “hard to resist”, so it appears he has sympathy for this behaviour.
请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处 。
1. Don’t spend too much on your credit card. It’s a slippery slope. You get into serious financial trouble.
2. Stop looking at yourself in the mirror. You really are narcissistic.
3. I’ll admit I do like the odd muffin now and again. Even though I’m putting on weight.
4. With a smartphone, you have the world at your fingertips. It can do so many things.
5. I’ve been working solidly all morning. I need a break.
五件由女性发明的东西
导读：
计算机程序设计应该是个男性工作的领域，对吗？仅从目前的从业人数来看，男性程序员的人数超过女性从业人数，但曾经一度可不是这样的。本集《外刊精读》带你认识50年代的一位女性先锋程序员，同时介绍那些由女性发明的日用品。
一、语篇泛读
Vocabulary: Innovation 词汇: 创造
Here’s a simple challenge: name a famous inventor. Perhaps Renaissance polymath Leonardo da Vinci springs to mind. Or the pioneer of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell. But you might be hard-pressed to name many female inventors, even though women are behind some of the most widely used technologies in the modern world.
For example, where would we be without the windscreen wiper Back on a freezing winter’s day in 1902, Mary Anderson was travelling by tram through New York city. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of sub-zero air. She had a brainwave: why not make some kind of a rubber blade that could be operated from inside the vehicle And that’s exactly what she did.
Let’s step in from freezing New York for our next invention. The dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th Century, and to the dinner parties thrown by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent host, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than people. Her response was to develop what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation was in her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat.
Need something to do while the dishwasher is whirring away How about a round of Monopoly One of the most popular board games around, the rules were first drawn up by a lady called Elizabeth Magie, and patented in 1904. Her intention was to create a game to highlight what she saw as the pitfalls of capitalism. It was originally called The Landlord’s Game.
To an altogether different kind of innovation: Kevlar is the lightweight fibre used in bulletproof vests. The material is used by millions every day and has saved countless lives. The super tough fabric is also used in objects ranging from gloves to aeroplanes to wind turbines. Incredibly, its strength-to-weight ratio is five times higher than steel. Again, it was invented by a woman, the American chemist Stephanie Kwolek, in 1964.
Finally, one of the most important inventions of the 20th Century must surely be the computer programme. The world of programming is notoriously unbalanced in terms of gender. Men vastly outnumber women, and take home around 30% more pay than their female counterparts on average. But back in the 1940s and 50s, women were at the forefront of this new field. Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler in 1952, which serves as the bridge between code and the binary ones and zeros understood by computers.
二、词汇表
polymath 博学者，博学的人
spring to mind 突然呈现在脑海中
pioneer 先锋
hard-pressed （由于缺少时间）面临困难的
where would we be without… 假如没有…我们将会是怎样的？
windscreen wiper 雨刷器
sub-zero 温度在零度以下的
brainwave （突发的）灵感，妙计
dishwasher 洗碗机
throw (a party) 举办（聚会）
in someone’s blood 在某人的血液中，在骨子里
whirr （洗衣机）发出嗡嗡声
patent 注册专利权
pitfall 陷阱
bulletproof vest 防弹背心
wind turbine 风力发电机
notoriously 出了名地（负面），声名狼藉地
gender 性别
outnumber 在数量上压倒
binary 二进位制
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. How did a cold day cause the windscreen wiper to be invented
2. Why did Cochrane invent the dishwasher
3. Which word expresses the relationship between two amounts
4. Which word refers to something lone with a sharp edge
5. Which industry used to employ comparatively more women in the past than today
请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处 。
1. I’ve just had a ______. Why don’t we invent a machine that answers questions in Take Away English
brainwave innovation
invention idea
2. Where would we be without you, Matt Your quick thinking ______ our company.
hard-pressed whirred
ruined saved
3. There are a number of ______ to consider when starting a business. Do your research so you don’t face these problems.
polymaths pitfalls
patents opportunities
4. What’s that whirring sound It’s just the ______.
drill television
washing machine cat
5. This area is ______ for violence. Take care on the streets.
notorious pitfall
in the blood
outnumbered
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. How did a cold day cause the windscreen wiper to be invented
Every time the driver opened the door, freezing air came inside. Mary Anderson thought there had to be a better way of cleaning the window from inside – which exactly what her invention does.
2. Why did Cochrane invent the dishwasher
Josephine Cochrane wanted a machine that could wash dishes quicker than humans could, so she could continue to host large parties for her guests.
3. Which word expresses the relationship between two amounts
Ratio
4. Which word refers to something lone with a sharp edge
Blade.
5. Which industry used to employ comparatively more women in the past than today
Computing. Women were at the forefront in the 1940s and 50s, but now the field is dominated by men.
请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处 。
1. I’ve just had a brainwave. Why don’t we invent a machine that answers questions in Take Away English
2. Where would we be without you, Matt Your quick thinking saved our company.
3. There are a number of pitfalls to consider when starting a business. Do your research so you don’t face these problems.
4. What’s that whirring sound It’s just the washing machine.
5. This area is notorious for violence. Take care on the streets.
“上网闲逛”带来的隐患
导读：
一项调查发现，目前每个工作日中14%的时间竟然被用于“上网闲逛”。在各国的办公室里，员工在上班时间查看社交媒体网站、网上购物、阅读新闻、浏览八卦等已很常见。人们为什么会养成“上网闲逛”的习惯呢？这个习惯怎么改？跟随本集《外刊精读》了解造成人们“上网闲逛”背后的原因。
一、语篇泛读
Vocabulary: Procrastination 词汇: 延迟
Time to own up. When you’re sitting at your computer, do you work solidly all day Or do you allow yourself to become distracted now and again… to open a few extra tabs, check social media, read a spot of news, browse the latest fashion trends, maybe catch up on some celebrity gossip, and look at some…
Stop! You’re ‘cyberloafing’. The unwieldy word is a combination of ‘cyber’, which means ‘related to computers’, and ‘loafing’, which means ‘relaxing in a lazy way’. We do it, and we do it a lot. A study from the University of Texas suggests we are guilty of this form of procrastination for 14% of our working day. On a Friday afternoon, I expect it’s more than that.
I’ll admit to indulging in the odd bout of cyberloafing myself. In fact I’ve already done it in the course of writing this story. OK, more than once.
But it’s a slippery slope. It can damage your productivity and even your career. Because according to the Univeristy of Texas research, each time a worker gets sidetracked by the internet it takes an average of 23 minutes to get back to work.
More than that, cyberloafing has a dark side, according to a report published in The Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace. It argues that cyberloafing is connected to several negative personality traits. People who cyberloaf are more likely to be manipulative, self-interested and narcissistic. Furthermore, people with these traits are less likely to feel remorse about avoiding work, and less concerned about getting caught.
Why do we do it For some, it’s undoubtedly an escape from the drudgery of what they’re supposed to be doing. Or a way of avoiding tackling that ever growing in-tray. Some might get a feeling of satisfaction, get a buzz from finding a great deal online. But overall, it’s something that takes you away from what you’re actually being paid to do, or paying to do: if you’re a student.
When you have the whole world of the internet at your fingertips, it’s hard to resist.
How do we nip it in the bud If you can truly ask yourself why you are cyberloafing, then that can help identify the base problem. And if that sounds like too much hard work, you could just switch off the internet for a couple of hours!
So in the meantime, let me just close those extra tabs…
二、词汇表
own up 承认，坦白（错误）
solidly 扎扎实实地，连续地
now and again 不时的
tab （浏览器）窗口
gossip 八卦，流言蜚语
unwieldy 笨拙的
indulge in 沉溺于
odd 偶尔的
bout（某活动的）一阵
slippery slope 滑坡效应，下坡路
productivity 生产率
get sidetracked 使分心，注意力被转移了
dark side 阴暗面，黑暗面
manipulative 有控制欲的，爱摆布（他人）的
self-interested 利己主义的，只为自己着想的
narcissistic 自我欣赏的
get a buzz 让人感到异常兴奋
at your fingertips 近在手边
to nip (something) in the bud 防患于未然
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. Is cyberloafing a widespread problem
2. What does the author say is the best way to stop cyberloafing
3. Why can you say cyberloafing has a ‘dark side’
4. Which word means ‘continuous boredom’
5. True or false: The author has sympathy for cyberloafers.
请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处 。
1. Don’t spend too much on your credit card. It’s a ______. You get into serious financial trouble.
dark side buzz
sidetrack slippery slope
2. Stop looking at yourself in the mirror. You really are ______.
manipulative unwieldy
narcissistic sidetracked
3. I’ll admit I do like the ______ muffin now and again. Even though I’m putting on weight.
odd unusual
strange slippery
4. With a ______, you have the world at your fingertips. It can do so many things.
frying pan
smartphone
pair of gloves
toothbrush
5. I’ve been working solidly all morning. I need ______.
a break a buzz
to speed up to focus
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. Is cyberloafing a widespread problem
According to one study, almost 14% of our working day is spent cyberloafing. So in terms of productivity, it’s a huge problem.
2. What does the author say is the best way to stop cyberloafing
The best way is to ask yourself why you are cyberloafing and try to identify the base problem.
3. Why can you say cyberloafing has a ‘dark side’
One study linked cyberloafing with negative personality traits, including being manipulative, narcissistic and self-interested.
4.Which word means ‘continuous boredom’
Drudgery.
5. True or false: The author has sympathy for cyberloafers.
The author admits to cyberloafing and also uses language like “hard to resist”, so it appears he has sympathy for this behaviour.
请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处 。
1. Don’t spend too much on your credit card. It’s a slippery slope. You get into serious financial trouble.
2. Stop looking at yourself in the mirror. You really are narcissistic.
3. I’ll admit I do like the odd muffin now and again. Even though I’m putting on weight.
4. With a smartphone, you have the world at your fingertips. It can do so many things.
5. I’ve been working solidly all morning. I need a break.
五件由女性发明的东西
导读：
计算机程序设计应该是个男性工作的领域，对吗？仅从目前的从业人数来看，男性程序员的人数超过女性从业人数，但曾经一度可不是这样的。本集《外刊精读》带你认识50年代的一位女性先锋程序员，同时介绍那些由女性发明的日用品。
一、语篇泛读
Vocabulary: Innovation 词汇: 创造
Here’s a simple challenge: name a famous inventor. Perhaps Renaissance polymath Leonardo da Vinci springs to mind. Or the pioneer of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell. But you might be hard-pressed to name many female inventors, even though women are behind some of the most widely used technologies in the modern world.
For example, where would we be without the windscreen wiper Back on a freezing winter’s day in 1902, Mary Anderson was travelling by tram through New York city. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of sub-zero air. She had a brainwave: why not make some kind of a rubber blade that could be operated from inside the vehicle And that’s exactly what she did.
Let’s step in from freezing New York for our next invention. The dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th Century, and to the dinner parties thrown by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent host, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than people. Her response was to develop what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation was in her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat.
Need something to do while the dishwasher is whirring away How about a round of Monopoly One of the most popular board games around, the rules were first drawn up by a lady called Elizabeth Magie, and patented in 1904. Her intention was to create a game to highlight what she saw as the pitfalls of capitalism. It was originally called The Landlord’s Game.
To an altogether different kind of innovation: Kevlar is the lightweight fibre used in bulletproof vests. The material is used by millions every day and has saved countless lives. The super tough fabric is also used in objects ranging from gloves to aeroplanes to wind turbines. Incredibly, its strength-to-weight ratio is five times higher than steel. Again, it was invented by a woman, the American chemist Stephanie Kwolek, in 1964.
Finally, one of the most important inventions of the 20th Century must surely be the computer programme. The world of programming is notoriously unbalanced in terms of gender. Men vastly outnumber women, and take home around 30% more pay than their female counterparts on average. But back in the 1940s and 50s, women were at the forefront of this new field. Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler in 1952, which serves as the bridge between code and the binary ones and zeros understood by computers.
二、词汇表
polymath 博学者，博学的人
spring to mind 突然呈现在脑海中
pioneer 先锋
hard-pressed （由于缺少时间）面临困难的
where would we be without… 假如没有…我们将会是怎样的？
windscreen wiper 雨刷器
sub-zero 温度在零度以下的
brainwave （突发的）灵感，妙计
dishwasher 洗碗机
throw (a party) 举办（聚会）
in someone’s blood 在某人的血液中，在骨子里
whirr （洗衣机）发出嗡嗡声
patent 注册专利权
pitfall 陷阱
bulletproof vest 防弹背心
wind turbine 风力发电机
notoriously 出了名地（负面），声名狼藉地
gender 性别
outnumber 在数量上压倒
binary 二进位制
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. How did a cold day cause the windscreen wiper to be invented
2. Why did Cochrane invent the dishwasher
3. Which word expresses the relationship between two amounts
4. Which word refers to something lone with a sharp edge
5. Which industry used to employ comparatively more women in the past than today
请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处 。
1. I’ve just had a ______. Why don’t we invent a machine that answers questions in Take Away English
brainwave innovation
invention idea
2. Where would we be without you, Matt Your quick thinking ______ our company.
hard-pressed whirred
ruined saved
3. There are a number of ______ to consider when starting a business. Do your research so you don’t face these problems.
polymaths pitfalls
patents opportunities
4. What’s that whirring sound It’s just the ______.
drill television
washing machine cat
5. This area is ______ for violence. Take care on the streets.
notorious pitfall
in the blood
outnumbered
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. How did a cold day cause the windscreen wiper to be invented
Every time the driver opened the door, freezing air came inside. Mary Anderson thought there had to be a better way of cleaning the window from inside – which exactly what her invention does.
2. Why did Cochrane invent the dishwasher
Josephine Cochrane wanted a machine that could wash dishes quicker than humans could, so she could continue to host large parties for her guests.
3. Which word expresses the relationship between two amounts
Ratio
4. Which word refers to something lone with a sharp edge
Blade.
5. Which industry used to employ comparatively more women in the past than today
Computing. Women were at the forefront in the 1940s and 50s, but now the field is dominated by men.
请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处 。
1. I’ve just had a brainwave. Why don’t we invent a machine that answers questions in Take Away English
2. Where would we be without you, Matt Your quick thinking saved our company.
3. There are a number of pitfalls to consider when starting a business. Do your research so you don’t face these problems.
4. What’s that whirring sound It’s just the washing machine.
5. This area is notorious for violence. Take care on the streets.