中考英语专题复习课件 --定语从句

(共46张PPT)
中考专题复习之
定语从句
Guessing
Who
What
When
Why
The main character is a lovely boy who is from ancient myth story.
It is a film which tells me I am the one who decides.
It is a film that was shown in the summer of 2019.
It is an animated film which is adapted from Chinese mythology(神话).
定语从句
Goals (学习目标)
到底是什
么东东
究竟长
啥样
解剖开
来看看
会怎么考
1
2
3
4
This is a touching film.
This is a film that is touching.
到底是个什么东东？
一个单词
一个句子
Let's compare!
定语
定语从句
We use a sentence to describe someone or something.
We use adjectives to describe someone or something.
This is the film which / that I watched this summer.
概念 : 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句.
定语从句常出现在先行词之后。
先行词
关系词
定语从句
Let's analyze!
拆招定语从句
1 名词 film
2 代词 one
走在前
面的词
1 连接
2 指代
3 充当成分
关系词
究竟长啥样
the film
______ I watched this summer.
which
定语从句
关系代词
Relative pronoun is a part of the defining relative clause.
关系代词属于定语从句的一部分
Difining relative clauses usually begin with relative pronouns.
定语从句通常以关系代词开头
Let's analyze!
关系代词的作用
Let's analyze!
How many relative pronouns
are there What are they
关系代词有哪些？
What decides relative pronouns
关系代词是由什么决定的？
It is a film which / that is shown in the summer of 2019.
The main character is a lovely boy who / that is from ancient myth story.
The main character is Ne Zha whom I like very much.
先行词指人：_______________
先行词指物：_____________
who，that，whom
which，that
1
3
2
-The noun. or the pronoun was described.
先行词
关系
代词
代替先行词在从句中充当哪些成分
who controls what you become.
You are the one
Subject 主语
举例：
a film that leads to the good fame of the director
a film which taught us a lot
关系
代词
who, that, which,
主语
The boy who we all like is Ne Zha.
The boy whom we all like is Ne Zha.
The boy that we all like is Ne Zha.
The film which I saw this summer is wonderful.
The film that I saw this summer is wonderful.
关系
代词
代替先行词在从句中充当哪些成分
关系
代词
who(m), that, which,
宾语
难点:关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略，
作主语则不可。
1. Did you see the film ______I told you
A. whose B. / C. who D. what
2. Did you see the film ______was popular at the moment.
A. that B. / C. who D. what
B
A
Let's practice!
The boy whose name is Ne Zha often plays tricks
on others.
2. The dragon whose name is Ao Bing is Ne Zha's
best friend.
（ ）
（ ）
关系
代词
代替先行词在从句中充当哪些成分
关系
代词
whose
定语
his
its
--What kind of movies do you prefer [2017·潍坊]
--I prefer the movies 　　 me something to think about.
A. which give B. that gives C. which gives D. who gives
A
个人抢答
Let's practice!
定语从句中谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词
个人抢答
Let's distinguish!
宾语从句：动词+ 句子
定语从句：名词或名词短语(先行词)+ 句子
Ao Bing mentioned that he was going to attend Ne Zha's party.
Attributive clauses
or Object clauses
2. Ao Bing was very surprised to hear that Ne Zha was Lingzhu.
3. His father is now checking the scene for more clues that may
help Ne Zha out of suspicion(摆脱嫌疑).
4. Villagers hope that Li Jing will keep an eye on his son Ne Zha.
宾语从句
宾语从句
定语从句
宾语从句
功夫有多深？
Life is a gift！
Today before you complain about the taste of food , think of someone who has nothing to eat .
Before you complain about your old clothes, think of the people who don’t have enough clothes to wear .
Before you complain about too much homework , think of the children in the poor areas who even have no chances of going to school .
And when you are tired ,think of our parents who are working hard
in the fields or in the factories .
So enjoy our life ,enjoy everything that we have！
关系代词 ？
who, whom, that, whose
先行词
人
定语
主语
who, that
宾语
who,whom,that
whose
Draw a conclusion
先行词
物
which, that, whose
主语
which, that
宾语
which, that
定语
whose
根据汉语完成句子：
1.This is the engineer_______________________________________
(给我们作关于计算机报告的) the other day.
2.My necklace is not _____________________________(唯一不见的东西）
3.The man________________________(在这间房子里工作的)is a chemist.
4.The old building_________________________(我们住的)has been here for 30 years.
5.The history book _________________________(封皮是黄的）was lost.
6.Her is the pen _________________________________(你昨天丢失的）
7.This is the best book_______________________________(我读过的）
8.I have lost the pen____________________________（我父亲给我买的）
9.Wheat is a plant ___________________________________（中国北方
种植的）
10.I don’t like the people______________________________(说得多可
做得少的）
who gave us a talk about computers
the only thing that’s missing
who works in the room
(that/which) we live in
whose cover is yellow
(that)you lost yesterday.
(that) I have read
(which/that) my father bought me
which/that is grown in the north of China
who talk too much but do little
Defining relative clauses
Part Two
Dear mother,
Thank you for loving me. I can’t find any word that can describe your love.
Mother’s Day is coming soon. But I don’t know what I can do for you. I’m busy with the things that every American cares about. So I’ve decided to write you a letter. It seems I never write to you before. This is the only thing that I can think of.
Thank you for teaching me about right and wrong. Thank you for the happiest time that you have spent with me. Thank you for the first story that you’ve told to me. Thank you for understanding the people and speeches that come to you.
I will always love you, mama!
Obama
1
2
3
5
6
4
that
that
that
that
that
Let's analyze!
啥时只能用that？
I can't find any word that can describe your love.
当先行词指物:anything,everything,nothing,all,few,none,some little等不定代词或被 every, any, all, some,no, little, few, much等代词修饰时，只能用that.
1
3
2
There is little that I can do for you
All that can be done has been done.
Let's analyze!
Someone who is feeling sad may say “I'm feeling blue”
当先行词是指人的不定代词: everyone,everybody, anyone，anybody,someone,somebody,those, 一般用who而不用that
1
3
2
Those who laugh last laugh best.
Anybody who wants to join us, please call me .
One who has nothing to fear oneself dares to tell the truth.
4
Translation：
真正的朋友会接受你的过去，力挺你的现在，鼓舞你的将来。
A true friend is someone who accepts your past,
supports your present and encourages your future.
Let's analyze!
啥时只能用that？
You are the only person that I want to spend the rest life with.
当先行词被the very, the only, the same, the last等词修饰时， 关系代词只能用that.
1
3
2
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.
He is the same person that I just saw.
4
You are the last person that I want to work with.
Let's analyze!
啥时只能用that？
Thank you for the happiest time that you have spent with me.
当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，
关系代词只能用that.
1
3
2
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Thank you for the first story that you've told me.
Let's analyze!
Thank you for understanding the people and speeches that come to you.
当先行词既指人又指物时，关系代词只能用that.
1
3
2
I still remember the college and the teachers that
I visited in London years ago. (安徽中考)
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I see.
啥时只能用that？
Let's analyze!
当先行词前有疑问代词 who或which时,关系代词只能用that.
1
3
2
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most
Which is the bike that you lost
Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting
啥时只能用that？
只能用that的特殊情况
Let's analyze!
1
3
2
啥时不能用that？
We depend on the land from _____ we get our food.
The man to ______ I talked is Mr Li.
4
关系代词前有介词，只能which / who(m), 不能用that.
which
whom
The tree, that is 400 years old, is very famous here.
×
The tree, which is 400 years old, is very famous here.
在引导非限定性定语从句时 (定语从句前有逗号)
关系代词不能用that.
区别一：先行词
区别二：引导词
区别三：逗号
Exercise
There are only 180 days left. I want to
say something to you .
I still remember the day when I first came to your class.
Thank you for the happiest time that you spent with me.
I can't find any word that can describe my love to you.
I hope everyone of you can enter your ideal Senior High School
……
180
Defining relative clauses
Part Three
when在从句中作状语,表示时间 (year / day / time / )
1
3
2
I still remember the day _____ I first came to CCBS.
This is the school ______ I studied two years ago.
Do you want to know the reason ______I came here
when
where
why
where在从句中作状语, 表示地点 (place / school / room/ town)
why在从句中作状语, 表示原因 (reason)
关系副词
傻傻分不清
1) where引导地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
Ma'anshan is the city _______I was born.
= Ma'anshan is the city_______I was born in.
= Ma'anshan is the city_______I was born.
where
which
in which
2）when引导时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day_____I first came to CCBS.
I still remember the day _______I first came to CCBS.
关系副词=介词+关系代词
when
on which
3）why引导原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，一般跟在reason后。
Do you want to know the reason_____I came here
Do you want to know the reason________ I came here
why
for which
先行词 关系词 介词 + which
时间 when at / in / on / during... + which
地点 where in / at / on / from... + which
原因 why for + which
关系代词 or 关系副词
分析从句成分(先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词)
缺状语，且先行词在从句中作状语,应选择关系副词。
which or where / when / why
辨析
在定语从句中作状语 / 主语 / 宾语
1. This is the museum _______ my mother worked
10 years ago.
(worked in the museum 地点状语)
This is the museum _________ was built in 1950.
(the museum was build) (museum 主语)
where
which
which or where / when / why
辨析
在定语从句中作状语 / 主语 / 宾语
2. July 1, 1921 was the day ________ our Party was founded.
(our Party was founded on the day 作状语)
July 1, 1921 was the day _______ we will not forget.
(we will never forget the day作宾语)
when
which
which or where / when / why
辨析
在定语从句中作状语 / 主语 / 宾语
3. I remember the days _______ I lived in my home town.
(I lived in my home town during the days 作状语)
I remember the days ______ I spent with my grandpa.
(I spent the days with .. the days作宾语)
when
which
which or where / when / why
辨析
在定语从句中作状语 / 主语 / 宾语
4. The house _______________ we're going to visit was built a century ago. (visit the house)
The house ______________ used to be a temple is a school now. (the house used to be a temple)
The house _______ he used to live was flooded.
( he used to live in the house)
(which,that,/)
(which / that )
where
which or where / when / why
辨析
在定语从句中作状语 / 主语 / 宾语
5.A bookstore is a place_________ you can get books.
(you can get the books in the place)
A bookstore is a place_________ books are sold.
(books are sold in the place)
A bookstore is a place _____________ sell books.
(the place sells books)
where
where
(which / that )
which or where / when / why
辨析
在定语从句中作状语 / 主语 / 宾语
6. I can’t find the card _______ I wrote your address.
( I wrote your address on the card )
I can't find the card ___ _______ I wrote your address.
7.The box __________ he put his photos is gone.
( he put his photo into the box )
The box _______________ he is carrying is heavy.
( he is carrying the box )
where
on
which
where
(which / that )
which or where / when / why
辨析
在定语从句中作状语 / 主语 / 宾语
(which / that )
where
8. The hotel _________ we stayed during our holiday stands by the seaside.
(we stayed in the hotel)
The hotel ______________ stands by the seaside is quite comfortable.
(the hotel stands by the seaside)
which or where / when / why
辨析
在定语从句中作状语 / 主语 / 宾语
9. The reason _______ he did it is not clear.
(he did it for ….reason 作状语 )
The reason________ he gave to the teacher is
unbelievable.
(he gave the reason(宾语) to the teacher)
why
which
关系副词的用法：
1. where 的用法：(先行词应是地点名词）
The hotel wasn’t clean. + We stayed
=The hotel _______ we stayed wasn't clean.
＝The hotel _________ we stayed wasn't clean.
＝The hotel _______ we stayed at wasn't clean.
＝The hotel _______ we stayed at wasn't clean.
at the hotel.
there.
共有五个不同的句子来表达。
where
at which
which
/
恰当地使用定语从句可以提升作文的档次
作文中的定语从句：
例句示范：杰克来自加拿大， 他在我们学校已经学习了3年,他不仅经常
帮助我们学英语， 而且中文也讲的很不错。
Jack is from Canada.He has studied in our school for three years. He often helps us learn English. He speaks Chinese very well.
Jack comes from Canada. He is a student of our school where he has
studied for 3 years. He not only often helps us learn English but also
speaks Chinese very well.
Jack is a student of our school , who comes from Canada.
He has studied in our school for three years. He not only often helps us learn English but also speaks Chinese very well.
Homework
Do more exercises about defining relative clauses.