【好题精选】词汇-2023年中考英语专题练（四川遂宁）（含答案）

05：【好题精选】词汇-2023年中考英语专题练（含答案解析）（四川遂宁）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、短文选词填空
根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，并将正确答案填在短文后的横线上。
tried, us, wishes, correctly, how
Helen is my good friend. She taught ____1____ English when I attended a training course two years ago. Helen was always ready for the lessons, and she ____2____ her best to make her classes lively. I used to be poor in English, especially in written English. But now I’m able to write letters and reports ____3____ in English. I still remember ____4____ she helped me with my English patiently. Teachers’ Day is coming. I’m going to send her a card and give her my best ____5____.
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确（每词限用一次），并将答案写在答题卡相应编号后的横线上。
I life for hero fight
According to Guo Yanhong from the National Health Commission（国家卫生健康委员会）, over 30, 000 medical workers have been sent to Hubei Province, specially Wuhan, to help fight against the novel coronavirus. They are just ordinary people, but they are all ___6___.After seeing the front line registration（登记）notice from her hospital, nurse Su Lili from Henan Province called her husband and told him she wanted to go to Wuhan. He agreed. “On the way to the airport, he keeps telling me to eat well, sleep well and protect ___7___ well. I thank him for his support,” Su said.
Before leaving for Wuhan, Liu Lu, a nurse from Jiangxi Province, had her long hair cut. “Looking pretty is no longer important at this moment. I must be responsible ___8___ the safety of my patients and myself,” said the 30-year-old.
Actually, many of the medical workers ___9___ on the front line were born after 1995. As the young generation in China, they were often described as immature（不成熟的）and self-centered. But their fight against the virus makes society see their bravery. Sun Qin is a 21-year-old nurse from Jiangsu Province. She said, “This is my first year of being a nurse. I was frightened at the beginning and was worried about being infected, but I was not afraid any more when seeing how my partners cheered and encouraged each other.”
These medical heroes risk their ___10___ on the front line of the disaster. They have once again proven what Henry Kissinger wrote in his book On China: China is always well protected by the bravest of them.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整。每个单词只能用一次。
mooncake fifteen give hurry full
Chinese people celebrate many important festivals. One of them is the Mid-Auturmn Festival. It is on the ___11___ day of the 8th month on the traditional Chinese calendar. It is a time to celebrate the harvest（丰收）, get together and enjoy ___12___.People tell stories during the Mid-Auturmn Festival. One story goes like this: In a small village, two brothers each got a mooncake. Older Brother ate his cake in a ___13___. Then Younger Brother ___14___ his mooncake to Older Brother. Older Brother quickly took a bite（一口） of the mooncake. Younger Brother began to cry. Older Brother said, “You do not like your crescent moon（新月）, let me give you a half moon.” Then Older Brother ate the ends of the crescent. Younger Brother was very upset. Older Brother explained, “After the ___15___ moon, the moon gets smaller. Then it disappears and can’t be seen anymore — just like your mooncake.” Then Older Brother quickly ate the rest of Younger Brother’s mooncake and ran away!
根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，并将正确答案填在短文后的横线上。
millions of set up part especially how
The World Health Organization(WHO) was ____16____ in 1948. In the past 74 years, the WHO has greatly improved health conditions of the world, ____17____ in developing countries. It cures, prevents and controls serious diseases (疾病), and educates people about ____18____ to protect their health. It has helped ____19____ people by training doctors and nurses, and by teaching mothers how to take better care of their children. China is one of the first members. It offers help to the countries in need. So China has played an important ____20____ in dealing with the health problems.
根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并使用其正确形式填空，使句子意思完整、通顺。
attend what without lively memories
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, my teachers and friends. Thanks for coming to _____21_____ the graduation ceremony（毕业典礼）in our school today. We have studied in this beautiful school for 3 years. Everything here will leave us happy _____22_____, including our teachers’ _____23_____ and interesting classes, buildings, plants and so on. We have learnt a lot here these years. _____24_____ our teachers’ efforts, our parents’ support and our classmates’ help, we could hardly get anything. At this moment, I’d like to thank all of you for _____25_____ you have done for us. I wish our school more beautiful and all of us a good future.Goodbye, our beautiful school, our dear teachers and friends. Thanks for listening.
根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，并将正确答案填在短文后的横线上。（共5小题；每小题1分，一空一词，满分5分）
enough seriously saved decision himself
Justin is an 18-year-old student. He is thinking about how to spend his money during the summer vacation. He has ____26____ about 300 dollars already. He plans to buy ____27____ a computer with his money, but he also wants to go for a trip with his friends. He can’t do both because he doesn’t have enough money. What should Justin do We are often in these kinds of situations. You want to see a concert on Saturday, but it is also your mother’s birthday and you do not want to let her down. In this case, you don’t have ____28____ time to go to both places. You must make a ____29____. You must think about what should be done first. You should consider that ____30____.
always talk count I friend or people send free around
Next time you’re in a public place, take a look around you. And ___31___ how many people are using their phones. I can tell you now that it is probably more than half, whether you’re on a bus, ___32___ simply walking down the street.I’m not saying that I am not an example of this, but it ___33___ amazes (使惊愕) me how people can spend so much time on their phones without ___34___ to others. Has it gone too far
Recently, my smart phone broke and had to be ___35___ off for repair for a week or so. I had to use a really old, basic phone just to keep me in touch with my family and ___36___. All I could do on this phone was to send text messages, make calls and play one game. And I loved it. I loved being ___37___ from the Internet, and I really didn’t mind not having updates (更新) about what my friends were doing. It allowed ___38___ to spend more time enjoying my time in London and watching the people ___39___ me and really see what was going on.
However, I knew that as soon as I got my smart phone back, I would be one of those ___40___ once again. Perhaps I should just go back to using the basic phone and forget I ever got my smart phone back.
阅读短文, 从方框中选择适当的单词成单词的正确形式填空。（每词限用一次）
popular start of population food
Do you eat rice every day Rice is the most important __41__ for people all over the world. According to a survey, rice helps feed one third of the world’s population. Scientists say that China __42__ growing rice about 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. Now, rice is common in people’s daily meals. Rice can be boiled or steamed(蒸). Snacks made __43__ rice are very delicious. Rice is also a __44__ food on festivals. People make New Year cakes with sticky rice (糯米) every Spring Festival.
China has the largest __45__ in the world. In order to feed more people, Chinese scientist Yuan Longping led the Super Rice program in 1996. Today half of China’s rice plants are Yuan’s Super Rice.
二、根据汉语提示填空
46．The firemen who put out the fire are the modern ________ (英雄).
47．Only then will I have a ________ (机会) to achieve my dream.
48．It’s important to keep ________ (沉默的) when others ask you a question.
49．The goods are offered by the ________ (当地的) government.
50．It’s necessary to learn how to protect ourselves in the ________（地震）.
51．Pandas are a kind of _____（濒危）animal.
52．I remember trying my best to meet the _____ (标准) of a strict teacher.
53．I prefer teachers who are understanding and ________（关心他人的）.
54．It’s unbelievable to see the dog _____ (活着) after the serious accident.
55．Throwing rubbish everywhere will be _____ (有害的) to the earth.
56．Ben wanted to catch the rabbit but didn’t ________ (成功). It ran away quickly.
57．Keeping a sense of ________（幽默）can make our life full of happiness.
58．Everyone in our class must be ________ (惩罚), if he or she breaks the rules.
59．Nowadays, gas is ________（广泛地）used for cooking and heating.
60．Emily was ________ (缺席) from school yesterday because she had a bad stomachache.
61．She bought two ________ (小刀).
62．Look! There is a pen ________ (躺) on the floor.
63．The teacher explains to us ________ (耐心地).
64．My favorite sport is ________ (棒球) .
65．That music _________ (听起来) very beautiful. I like it a lot.
参考答案：
1．us 2．tried 3．correctly 4．how 5．wishes
【导语】这篇短文中作者给我们介绍了他的好朋友海伦，海伦是作者两年前参加培训课程时的老师，在她的帮助下，作者的英语写作取得了很大的进步。教师节就要来了，作者想送给她一张卡片，给她最美好的祝福。
1．句意：两年前我参加一个培训课程时，她教我们英语。根据“taught…English”可知此处应用动词短语teach sb sth表示“教某人某物”，备选词汇us为人称代词宾语，符合语境。故填us。
2．句意：海伦总是准备好课程，尽力使她的课生动起来。根据“her best to make”及备选词汇tried可知动词短语try one’s best to do sth意为“尽某人最大的努力去做某事”。根据“was”和“and”可知此处and连接两个一般过去时的并列分句，此处应填入动词的过去式。因此备选词汇tried符合语境。故填tried。
3．句意：但现在我能用英语正确地写信件和报告了。write为动词，因此此处应用备选词汇correctly来修饰动词write，意为“正确地书写”。故填correctly。
4．句意：我仍然记得她是如何耐心地帮助我学英语的。根据“she helped me with my English patiently”可知，动词remember后接宾语从句，因此此处备选词汇how可引导该宾语从句。故填how。
5．句意：我打算送给她一张卡片，给她最美好的祝愿。根据“give her my best”及备选词汇wishes可知give sb one’s best wishes意为“给某人最美好的祝愿”。故填wishes。
6．heroes 7．myself 8．for 9．fighting 10．lives
【导语】本文主要讲述了新冠病毒爆发以来，三万多名医务工作者驰援湖北武汉，在疫情中所表现出的精神，让大家看到新一代的新面貌。
6．句意：他们只是普通人，但都是英雄。根据上文“over 30, 000 medical workers have been sent to Hubei Province, specially Wuhan, to help fight against the novel coronavirus.”可知，超过3万名医务工作者被送往湖北省，尤其是武汉，以帮助对抗新冠病毒。空处应填名词，通读全文可知，本文介绍了抗击疫情的医务英雄们。备选词汇“hero英雄”符合语境，hero是可数名词，抗击疫情的医务英雄有很多，所以空处应填hero的复数形式heroes。故填heroes。
7．句意：在去机场的路上，他一直告诉我要吃好、睡好和保护好自己。分析句子“he keeps telling me to eat well, sleep well and protect…well.”可知，此句包含短语tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，由此可知，他在嘱咐我做某事，所以此处表示“保护好我自己”。I是人称代词主格，myself“我自己”是反身代词。此处是反身代词作动词protect的宾语。故填myself。
8．句意：我必须对我的病人和我自己的安全负责。根据“Before leaving for Wuhan, Liu Lu, a nurse from Jiangxi Province, had her long hair cut. “Looking pretty is no longer important at this moment.”可知，去武汉之前，江西护士刘璐剪了长发。现在看起来漂亮不再重要了。所以可以推测，本句讲的是，安全很重要。分析句子结构可知，此处应填介词，且be responsible for“对……负责”为固定搭配。故填for。
9．句意：实际上, 许多在前线作战的医务工作者是在1995年以后出生的。分析题干“Actually, many of the medical workers…on the front line were born after 1995.”可知，本题考查现在分词作后置定语，表示正在进行和主动的含义，修饰名词medical workers“医务工作者”。空后是地点“on the front line在前线”，因此此处表示“许多在前线作战的医务工作者”。fight意为“作战”是动词，空处应填fight的现在分词fighting。故填fighting。
10．句意: 这些医疗英雄在灾难前线冒着生命危险。根据“on the front line of the disaster在灾难的前线”可知，是指这些医疗英雄在灾难前线冒着生命危险。risk one’s life意为“冒着生命危险”，their“他们的”后接可数名词复数形式，life的复数形式为lives。故填lives。
11．fifteenth 12．mooncakes 13．hurry 14．gave 15．full
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统节日中秋节的风俗以及和中秋节有关的一个故事。
11．句意：它是在中国传统农历的八月十五日。此处表示日期应用fifteen的序数词fifteenth。故填fifteenth。
12．句意：这是一个庆祝丰收，聚在一起吃月饼的时节。根据前文提到的中秋节结合备选词汇可知，此处应用名词mooncake，前面没有冠词，因此用复数形式表类别。故填mooncakes。
13．句意：哥哥匆忙地吃了月饼。根据“in a”结合备选词汇可知，此处应用短语“in a hurry”表示“匆忙地”。故填hurry。
14．句意：然后弟弟把他的月饼给了哥哥。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，结合备选词汇可知应用give，此处在讲发生在过去地故事，因此用一般过去时，give需变为过去式gave。故填gave。
15．句意：满月之后，月亮变小了。此处修饰名词moon应用形容词，结合备选词汇可知应用full。故填full。
16．set up 17．especially 18．how 19．millions of 20．part
【导语】本文主要介绍了世界卫生组织的发展史以及它的作用。
16．句意：世界卫生组织成立于1948年。 根据“The World Health Organization(WHO) was…in 1948”及备选词可知，此处介绍世界卫生组织成立的时间，was与过去分词set up构成被动语态，故填set up。
17．句意：在过去的74年里，世界卫生组织大大改善了世界卫生状况，特别是发展中国家的卫生状况。根据“in developing countries”可知，此处强调尤其是发展中国家的卫生状况，especially“尤其，特别”，故填especially。
18．句意：它治疗、预防和控制严重的疾病，并教育人们如何保护自己的健康。根据“educates people about … to protect their health”可知，教育人们如何保护自己的健康，故填how。
19．句意：它通过培训医生和护士，以及教母亲如何更好地照顾自己的孩子，帮助了数百万人。根据“It has helped … people by training doctors”可知，此处介绍帮助的人数，millions of“数百万的”，故填millions of。
20．句意：因此，中国在应对健康问题方面发挥了重要作用。play an important part in“在……中起到重要作用”，故填part。
21．attend 22．memories 23．lively 24．Without 25．what
【导语】本文主要讲述了毕业典礼致辞。
21．句意：谢谢你今天来参加我们学校的毕业典礼。根据“coming to”可知，需要一个动词原形，结合“the graduation ceremony”，是参加毕业典礼，结合备选词汇，attend符合句意。故填attend。
22．句意：这里的一切都会给我们留下美好的回忆，包括老师们生动有趣的课堂，建筑，植物等等。根据“leave us happy”可知，需要一个名词，结合备选词汇，memories符合句意。故填memories。
23．句意：这里的一切都会给我们留下美好的回忆，包括老师们生动有趣的课堂，建筑，植物等等。根据“interesting classes”可知，需要一个形容词修饰名词，结合备选词汇，lively符合句意。故填lively。
24．句意：没有老师的努力，父母的支持和同学的帮助，我们很难得到任何东西。根据“we could hardly get anything”可知，没有老师的努力，父母的支持和同学的帮助，很难得到任何东西，结合备选词汇，without符合句意，放句首首字母大写。故填Without。
25．句意：在这一刻，我想感谢大家为我们所做的一切。分析句子结构可知，是宾语从句；再者根据“you have done for us”可知，缺少宾语，结合备选词汇，what符合句意。故填what。
26．saved 27．himself 28．enough 29．decision 30．seriously
【分析】这是一篇议论文，文章讲述贾斯汀是个18岁的学生，他对于他的钱该如何花很矛盾，文中给出了相应的建议。
26．句意：他已经存了大约300美元。根据“about 300 dollars already”可知表达“储存”，句子是现在完成时，用“has saved”的结构。故填saved。
27．句意：他打算用自己的钱给自己买台电脑。根据“a computer with his money”可知表达的是“给自己买台电脑”，应用反身代词“himself”。故填himself。
28．句意：在这种情况下，你没有足够的时间去两个地方。根据“to go to both places”可知，此处表达没有足够的时间，用“enough”修饰名词“ time ”。故填enough。
29．句意：你必须做出决定。根据“You must think about what should be done first”可知表达必须做出决定，用动词短语“make a decision”。故填decision。
30．句意：你应该认真考虑。动词“consider”用副词修饰。根据“You must think about what should be done first”可知表达仔细认真地考虑，用副词“seriously”。故填seriously。
31．count 32．or 33．always 34．talking 35．sent 36．friends 37．free 38．me 39．around 40．people
【分析】文中作者惊讶于人们在手机上花费的时间之多，一次他的手机坏了，在远离网络的时间里，他享受美好时光，并体会到了真实生活中的人与事。
31．句意：数一数有多少人在使用手机。根据“how many people are using their phones”可知，此处表示数一下有多少人，备选词汇中count表示“数”，句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故填count。
32．句意：我现在可以告诉你，无论你是在公共汽车上，还是仅仅走在街上，使用智能手机的人数都可能超过一半。whether...or...“无论是……还是……”，固定搭配。故填or。
33．句意：我不是说自己是个例外，但一直让我感到惊讶的是，人们怎么能在不和别人交谈的情况下花那么多时间在手机上呢？根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处用频度副词always修饰动词amazes，强调总是感到惊讶。故填always。
34．句意：我不是说自己是个例外，但一直让我感到惊讶的是，人们怎么能在不和别人交谈的情况下花那么多时间在手机上呢？talk to sb.“与某人交谈”，固定短语，符合语境，介词without后接动名词作宾语，talk加ing。故填talking。
35．句意：最近，我的智能手机坏了，不得不送去修理一个星期左右。根据“my smart phone broke”可知，手机坏了，需要送去修理，send表示“送出去”，主语“smart phone”与其构成被动关系，send位于be动词后，用过去分词形式sent。故填sent。
36．句意：我不得不使用一个非常基础的旧电话来与家人和朋友们保持联系。空处应填一名词，与family并列，作“ keep me in touch with与……保持联系”的宾语，friend“朋友”符合语境，此处应加s变为复数形式。故填friends。
37．句意：我喜欢没有网络的时光。根据“not having updates about what my friends were doing”可知，作者不能上网了，be free from...“没有……，免于……”，固定短语，符合语境。故填free。
38．句意：这让我有更多的时间享受在伦敦的时光，观察周围的人，并真正地了解正在发生的事。空处缺少一名词或代词作宾语，根据“enjoying my time in London”中的“my”可知，此处指作者自己，即“我”，备选词汇中的“I”应变为宾格me。故填me。
39．句意：这让我有更多的时间享受在伦敦的时光，观察周围的人，并真正地了解正在发生的事。由语境和备选词汇可知，此处表示“我周围的人”，用around me作定语修饰people。故填around。
40．句意：然而，我知道一旦我拿回智能手机，我就会再次成为那些人中的一员。“those”修饰复数名词，备选词汇中people“人们”符合语境，此处用those people指代文章开头提到的一直使用手机的人。故填people。
41．food 42．started 43．of 44．popular 45．population
【分析】本文讲述了米饭对于中国人的重要性。
41．句意：大米是全世界人民最重要的食物。此处需要名词作表语，根据“Rice is the most important...for people all over the world.”可知，米饭是食物。故填food。
42．句意：科学家说，中国大约在3000到4000年前开始种植水稻。此处需要动词作谓语，根据“Scientists say that China...growing rice about 3,000 to 4,000 years ago.”可知，是开始种水稻，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填started。
43．句意：米饭做的点心非常美味。根据“Snacks made...rice are very delicious.”可知，是米饭做的点心，made of“由……制作”。故填of。
44．句意：大米也是一种受欢迎的节日食品。此处需要形容词作定语，根据“Rice is also a...food on festivals.”可知，大米也是一种受欢迎的节日食品。故填popular。
45．句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家。此处需要名词作宾语，根据“China has the largest...in the world.”可知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。故填population。
46．heroes
【详解】句意：灭火的消防员是当代英雄。hero“英雄”，可数名词；根据“The firemen”可知此处应用名词的复数形式。故填heroes。
47．chance
【详解】句意：只有这样，我才有机会实现我的梦想。不定冠词a后加可数名词单数chance“机会”。故填chance。
48．silent
【详解】句意：当别人问你问题时，保持沉默很重要。“沉默的”为silent，为形容词，在句中作表语，keep silent意为“保持沉默”，故填silent。
49．local
【详解】句意：这些货物是由当地政府提供的。用来修饰名词“government”，所以用形容词，“当地的”local。故填local。
50．earthquake
【详解】句意：学习如何在地震中保护自己是有必要的。“地震”是名词earthquake，in the earthquake意为“在地震中”。故填earthquake。
51．endangered
【详解】句意：熊猫是一种濒临灭绝的动物。endangered“濒危的”，形容词作定语，故填endangered。
52．standards
【详解】句意：我记得我尽力达到一个严格的老师的标准。由句意及语境可推测，本题考查meet the standards of...“满足……的标准”，名词standard用复数表泛指。故填standards。
53．caring
【详解】句意：我更喜欢善解人意的和关心他人的老师。“关心他人的”caring，根据“who are understanding and”可知，空格处应用形容词原级。故填caring。
54．alive
【详解】句意：在那次严重的事故后看到那条狗还活着真是难以置信。根据提示“活着”可知，形容词alive表示“活着的”，这里用形容词alive作宾补。故填alive。
55．harmful
【详解】句意：到处乱扔垃圾会对地球有害。根据提示“有害的”可知，be harmful to表示“对......有害”是固定短语。故填harmful。
56．succeed
【详解】句意：Ben想要抓住兔子但是没有成功。它迅速地逃跑了。根据“didn’t”可知此处应填动词原形，而由汉语提示可知本题考查单词succeed“成功”，故填succeed。
57．humor##humour
【详解】句意：保持幽默感可以使我们的生活充满欢乐。humor/humour名词“幽默”；a sense of humor/humour“幽默感”。 故填humor/humour。
58．punished
【详解】句意：我们班的每个人一定会被处罚，如果他或她违反规则。根据汉语提示可知此题考查单词punish“惩罚”，主语Everyone in our class和谓语punish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，故填punished。
59．widely
【详解】句意：目前，天然气被广泛的用于做饭和取暖。“广泛地”对应的英文是“widely”。此处是副词修饰动词。故填widely。
60．absent
【详解】句意：Emily昨天没来上学因为她胃疼严重。此处应填一个形容词，根据汉语提示可知本题考查absent“缺席的”，be absent from“缺席于”符合语境，故填absent。
61．knives
【详解】句意：她买了两把小刀。knife“小刀”，是名词，有数词two修饰，用复数名词，故填knives。
62．lying
【详解】句意：看！地板上有一支钢笔。lie“躺”，是动词，被修饰词a pen与动词lie之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词作后置定语，故填lying。
63．patiently
【详解】句意：老师耐心地向我们解释。根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处用副词patiently“耐心地”修饰动词，故填patiently。
64．baseball
【详解】句意：我最喜欢的运动是棒球。baseball“棒球”，此空应填名词单数形式，故填baseball。
65．sounds
【详解】句意：那音乐听起来很美。我很喜欢。“听起来”sound，感官系动词；根据“ I like it a lot”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是That music，谓语动词用三单形式。故填sounds。