2024届高考英语二轮复习第三讲 情态动词和虚拟语气学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语二轮复习第三讲 情态动词和虚拟语气学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-05 14:18:54 | ||
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第三讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
高考真题练悟
完成句子
1．我真的希望在我访问爱尔兰时能很快见到你！[2022·1月浙江应用文]
I do hope ____________________when I visit Ireland!
2．我真诚地希望你能接受我的邀请，分享你的经验。[2022·新课标卷Ⅰ书面表达]
I sincerely hope ____________________ and share your experience.
3．在我看来，学生应该多听多说，这样他们就可以发展他们的沟通技巧。[2022·全国甲卷书面表达]
As far as I am concerned, students ____________________ so that they can develop their communication skills.
4．我们应该加强海洋知识的学习，提高海洋保护意识。[2022·全国甲卷书面表达]
It is high time that we ____________________ of Marine knowledge and enhance the awareness of Marine protection.
[感悟] 写作四规则
1．利用情态动词的语法特征写对句子。
2．利用情态动词的推测性用法写靓句子。
3．利用“情态动词＋have done”写高级句子。
4．巧用“will, shall, would, used to”增加句中“吸睛”成分。
核心考点破析
考点一 情态动词
1.用于固定习语中：can't/can never...too/enough (无论……也不过分；越……越好)
You can't be too careful when crossing a busy street.
＝You can't be careful enough when crossing a busy street.
你横穿繁忙的街道的时候，再怎么小心都不为过/越小心越好。
2．情态动词＋have done
对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测 (1)must have done sth.“(过去)一定做了某事”；语气比较肯定；用于肯定句中
(2)may(might) have done sth.“(过去)可能/也许做了某事”；语气不确定；用于肯定句和否定句中
(3)can(could) not have done sth.“(过去)不可能做某事”；用于否定句和疑问句，表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑或不确定
表示“与过去事实相反” (1)could have done sth.(过去)本可以做某事但实际上没做
(2)needn't have done sth.(过去)本不必做某事但实际上做了
(3)ought to/should have done sth.(过去)本应该做某事但实际上没做
(4)oughtn't to/shouldn't have done sth.(过去)本不应该做某事但实际上做了
(5)might have done sth.(过去)可能做某事但实际上没做
①Sorry，I'm late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
对不起，我迟到了。我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了。
②Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You should have fixed full attention on it.看！你的作文里有这么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。
即学即练
选词填空(would，may，must，might, can，should, could)
1．You ________ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
2．Life is unpredictable; even the poorest ________ become the richest.
3．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
4．There is nothing to do, so I ________as well go to bed.
5．The giant panda looks very mild.But it ________ be very fierce when you annoy it.
6．The players from Shanghai Football Club have been doing very well recently, so they ________ win the final match.
7．It ________ have rained last night，for the road is quite muddy.
8．You ________ have done better，but you didn't try your best.
考点二 虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气用于条件句中的3种情况
类型 从句中谓语动词形式 主句中谓语动词形式
与现在事实相反 动词的过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反 should/were to＋动词原形；动词的过去式 should/would/could/might＋动词原形
①If there were no air，we couldn't live.
如果没有空气，我们就不能生活。
②If there had been no air in the tube，the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.
如果管子里没有空气，实验的结果就会更精确。
③If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier. 如果他明天来，事情就容易多了。
二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种条件
1．在“It is＋important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/a pity＋that...”句型中，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
It's vital that we (should) take our safety driving along the road seriously.
重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。
2．在would rather (that)后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。
I'd rather he had gone to the seaside with me the day before yesterday.
要是他前天和我去海边就好了。
3．句中含有以下单词或其变形时，该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)部分常用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.他建议我们第二天早点出发。
4．wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
①对现在的虚拟： 过去式(be的过去式用were)
②对过去的虚拟： had＋过去分词
③对将来的虚拟：would/could/might＋动词原形
I wish (that) I were ten years younger.
我希望我能年轻十岁。
I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.我希望我昨天见到了那位电影明星。
三、3个特定句式中的虚拟语气
句型结构 过去虚拟 现在虚拟 将来虚拟
if only引导的条件句及感叹句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
as if/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
It is (high)time (that)... 过去式或“should＋动词原形”(should不能省略)
①If only I had seen the film.
要是我看过那部电影就好了。
②Now the ocean pollution is getting worse, so it's high time that everyone took action to protect it. 现在海洋污染越来越严重，所以是每个人采取行动保护它的时候了。[2022·全国甲卷书面表达]
③He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing had happened．
他把计划搞砸了，但他表现得若无其事。
即学即练
单句语法填空
1．They might have found a better hotel if they ______________ (drive) a few more kilometers.
2．My father suggests that I ________________ (take) enough sleep before the final examination.
3．It's high time that we ________________ (take) measures to protect the grain fields.
4．My husband is always talking about the economy, but I'd rather he ________________ (focus) more on our children's education.
巩固训练夯提
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It was his brave heart and strong faith that ____________ make something unusual happen finally.[2022·新课标卷Ⅰ读后续写]
2．Jenny ____________ have kept her word.I wonder why she changed her mind.
3．My computer didn't start this morning.There __________ have been something wrong with it.
4．Every coin has two sides.Beautiful songs，sometimes, ____________ just be noise to others.
5．What a pity！You missed the sightseeing，or we ____________(have) a good time together.
6．I can't find my purse.I ____________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday，but I'm not sure.
7．If the new safety system ____________(put) to use，the accident would never have happened.
8．He was still running with a smile on his face, as if nothing ____________ (happen).
9．It is high time that you ____________ (consider) that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little.
10．There is a good social life in the village，and I wish I ________(have) a second chance to become more involved.
Ⅱ.语段填空(用适当的情态动词或所给动词的适当形式填空)
Lucy is an outgoing lady.She 1.____________ play many kinds of musical instruments.Actually, she 2.____________ play the piano when she was 8 years old.Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day.She says that she has to do some sports because she 3.____________ keep slim.“You shall get fat soon if you don't take exercise every day，” she usually says to her friends.
As for her, an elegant lady 4.____________ try to keep fit.However, last week, she found that she might put on weight and she was worried and decided to lose weight.And these days she is always thinking that she 5.____________ succeed soon if she tries all her best.
One night after supper, she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late.On her way, she thought that the dancing 6.____________ (begin) and the coach 7.____________ (teach) many new moves.She was afraid that her friends 8.____________ (leave) before she got there.She was regretful then.She 9.____________ (have) supper earlier, or she could have taken a taxi and indeed she 10.____________ (take) a bath in advance.
Ⅲ.写作运用
完成下面短文，注意情态动词与虚拟语气的使用。
Dear Eric，
I'm Li Hua.Do you still remember me I studied in your school for 3 months a couple of years ago.I'm very grateful for your help during my study in the US.At that time, you often recommended that 1.____________________________________________ (我应该结交新朋友和适应新生活)．Without your help, 2.________________________________________ (我也不能那么享受我在那儿的生活)．Besides, if you hadn't helped me, 3.________________________________________ (我的英语就不可能提高得那么快)．
By the way, do you know how everything is going with Mr Smith I failed to contact him after I left America.I'd appreciate it 4.______________________________________________ (如果你能给我他的邮箱地址或电话号码)．I remember that you are very interested in Chinese culture.If you were free during this winter holiday, how I wish 5.______________________________________________________________ (你能在春节期间来中国体验中国文化)！I would rather that 6.______________________________ (你和我们一起欢度春节)．I'm sure it will be an unforgettable trip for you.I would be very happy 7.____________________________________ (如果你能接受我的邀请)．
I am looking forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Hua
第三讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
高考真题练悟
1．I will see you soon 2.you can accept my invitation 3.should do more listening and speaking 4.should strengthen the study
核心考点破析
考点一
即学即练
1．must 2.might 3.would 4.may 5.can 6.should
7．must 8.could
考点二
即学即练
1．had driven 2.(should) take 3.took/should take
4．focused
巩固训练夯提
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．could 2.should 3.must 4.may 5.would have had
6．could/might have left 7.had been put 8.had happened
9．considered/should consider 10.had
Ⅱ.语段填空(用适当的情态动词或所给动词的适当形式填空)
1．can 2.could 3.must 4.should 5.may 6.must have begun 7.could have taught 8.might have left 9.should have had 10.needn't have taken
Ⅲ.写作运用
1．I (should) make new friends and adapt to the new life
2．I couldn't have enjoyed my life there so much
3．my English couldn't have improved so quickly
4．if you could offer me his e-mail address or telephone number
5．you could come to China during the Spring Festival to experience Chinese culture
6．you spent the Spring Festival with us happily
7．if you were to accept my invitation
高考真题练悟
完成句子
1．我真的希望在我访问爱尔兰时能很快见到你！[2022·1月浙江应用文]
I do hope ____________________when I visit Ireland!
2．我真诚地希望你能接受我的邀请，分享你的经验。[2022·新课标卷Ⅰ书面表达]
I sincerely hope ____________________ and share your experience.
3．在我看来，学生应该多听多说，这样他们就可以发展他们的沟通技巧。[2022·全国甲卷书面表达]
As far as I am concerned, students ____________________ so that they can develop their communication skills.
4．我们应该加强海洋知识的学习，提高海洋保护意识。[2022·全国甲卷书面表达]
It is high time that we ____________________ of Marine knowledge and enhance the awareness of Marine protection.
[感悟] 写作四规则
1．利用情态动词的语法特征写对句子。
2．利用情态动词的推测性用法写靓句子。
3．利用“情态动词＋have done”写高级句子。
4．巧用“will, shall, would, used to”增加句中“吸睛”成分。
核心考点破析
考点一 情态动词
1.用于固定习语中：can't/can never...too/enough (无论……也不过分；越……越好)
You can't be too careful when crossing a busy street.
＝You can't be careful enough when crossing a busy street.
你横穿繁忙的街道的时候，再怎么小心都不为过/越小心越好。
2．情态动词＋have done
对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测 (1)must have done sth.“(过去)一定做了某事”；语气比较肯定；用于肯定句中
(2)may(might) have done sth.“(过去)可能/也许做了某事”；语气不确定；用于肯定句和否定句中
(3)can(could) not have done sth.“(过去)不可能做某事”；用于否定句和疑问句，表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑或不确定
表示“与过去事实相反” (1)could have done sth.(过去)本可以做某事但实际上没做
(2)needn't have done sth.(过去)本不必做某事但实际上做了
(3)ought to/should have done sth.(过去)本应该做某事但实际上没做
(4)oughtn't to/shouldn't have done sth.(过去)本不应该做某事但实际上做了
(5)might have done sth.(过去)可能做某事但实际上没做
①Sorry，I'm late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
对不起，我迟到了。我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了。
②Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You should have fixed full attention on it.看！你的作文里有这么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。
即学即练
选词填空(would，may，must，might, can，should, could)
1．You ________ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
2．Life is unpredictable; even the poorest ________ become the richest.
3．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
4．There is nothing to do, so I ________as well go to bed.
5．The giant panda looks very mild.But it ________ be very fierce when you annoy it.
6．The players from Shanghai Football Club have been doing very well recently, so they ________ win the final match.
7．It ________ have rained last night，for the road is quite muddy.
8．You ________ have done better，but you didn't try your best.
考点二 虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气用于条件句中的3种情况
类型 从句中谓语动词形式 主句中谓语动词形式
与现在事实相反 动词的过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反 should/were to＋动词原形；动词的过去式 should/would/could/might＋动词原形
①If there were no air，we couldn't live.
如果没有空气，我们就不能生活。
②If there had been no air in the tube，the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.
如果管子里没有空气，实验的结果就会更精确。
③If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier. 如果他明天来，事情就容易多了。
二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种条件
1．在“It is＋important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/a pity＋that...”句型中，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
It's vital that we (should) take our safety driving along the road seriously.
重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。
2．在would rather (that)后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。
I'd rather he had gone to the seaside with me the day before yesterday.
要是他前天和我去海边就好了。
3．句中含有以下单词或其变形时，该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)部分常用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.他建议我们第二天早点出发。
4．wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
①对现在的虚拟： 过去式(be的过去式用were)
②对过去的虚拟： had＋过去分词
③对将来的虚拟：would/could/might＋动词原形
I wish (that) I were ten years younger.
我希望我能年轻十岁。
I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.我希望我昨天见到了那位电影明星。
三、3个特定句式中的虚拟语气
句型结构 过去虚拟 现在虚拟 将来虚拟
if only引导的条件句及感叹句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
as if/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
It is (high)time (that)... 过去式或“should＋动词原形”(should不能省略)
①If only I had seen the film.
要是我看过那部电影就好了。
②Now the ocean pollution is getting worse, so it's high time that everyone took action to protect it. 现在海洋污染越来越严重，所以是每个人采取行动保护它的时候了。[2022·全国甲卷书面表达]
③He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing had happened．
他把计划搞砸了，但他表现得若无其事。
即学即练
单句语法填空
1．They might have found a better hotel if they ______________ (drive) a few more kilometers.
2．My father suggests that I ________________ (take) enough sleep before the final examination.
3．It's high time that we ________________ (take) measures to protect the grain fields.
4．My husband is always talking about the economy, but I'd rather he ________________ (focus) more on our children's education.
巩固训练夯提
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It was his brave heart and strong faith that ____________ make something unusual happen finally.[2022·新课标卷Ⅰ读后续写]
2．Jenny ____________ have kept her word.I wonder why she changed her mind.
3．My computer didn't start this morning.There __________ have been something wrong with it.
4．Every coin has two sides.Beautiful songs，sometimes, ____________ just be noise to others.
5．What a pity！You missed the sightseeing，or we ____________(have) a good time together.
6．I can't find my purse.I ____________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday，but I'm not sure.
7．If the new safety system ____________(put) to use，the accident would never have happened.
8．He was still running with a smile on his face, as if nothing ____________ (happen).
9．It is high time that you ____________ (consider) that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little.
10．There is a good social life in the village，and I wish I ________(have) a second chance to become more involved.
Ⅱ.语段填空(用适当的情态动词或所给动词的适当形式填空)
Lucy is an outgoing lady.She 1.____________ play many kinds of musical instruments.Actually, she 2.____________ play the piano when she was 8 years old.Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day.She says that she has to do some sports because she 3.____________ keep slim.“You shall get fat soon if you don't take exercise every day，” she usually says to her friends.
As for her, an elegant lady 4.____________ try to keep fit.However, last week, she found that she might put on weight and she was worried and decided to lose weight.And these days she is always thinking that she 5.____________ succeed soon if she tries all her best.
One night after supper, she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late.On her way, she thought that the dancing 6.____________ (begin) and the coach 7.____________ (teach) many new moves.She was afraid that her friends 8.____________ (leave) before she got there.She was regretful then.She 9.____________ (have) supper earlier, or she could have taken a taxi and indeed she 10.____________ (take) a bath in advance.
Ⅲ.写作运用
完成下面短文，注意情态动词与虚拟语气的使用。
Dear Eric，
I'm Li Hua.Do you still remember me I studied in your school for 3 months a couple of years ago.I'm very grateful for your help during my study in the US.At that time, you often recommended that 1.____________________________________________ (我应该结交新朋友和适应新生活)．Without your help, 2.________________________________________ (我也不能那么享受我在那儿的生活)．Besides, if you hadn't helped me, 3.________________________________________ (我的英语就不可能提高得那么快)．
By the way, do you know how everything is going with Mr Smith I failed to contact him after I left America.I'd appreciate it 4.______________________________________________ (如果你能给我他的邮箱地址或电话号码)．I remember that you are very interested in Chinese culture.If you were free during this winter holiday, how I wish 5.______________________________________________________________ (你能在春节期间来中国体验中国文化)！I would rather that 6.______________________________ (你和我们一起欢度春节)．I'm sure it will be an unforgettable trip for you.I would be very happy 7.____________________________________ (如果你能接受我的邀请)．
I am looking forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Hua
第三讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
高考真题练悟
1．I will see you soon 2.you can accept my invitation 3.should do more listening and speaking 4.should strengthen the study
核心考点破析
考点一
即学即练
1．must 2.might 3.would 4.may 5.can 6.should
7．must 8.could
考点二
即学即练
1．had driven 2.(should) take 3.took/should take
4．focused
巩固训练夯提
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．could 2.should 3.must 4.may 5.would have had
6．could/might have left 7.had been put 8.had happened
9．considered/should consider 10.had
Ⅱ.语段填空(用适当的情态动词或所给动词的适当形式填空)
1．can 2.could 3.must 4.should 5.may 6.must have begun 7.could have taught 8.might have left 9.should have had 10.needn't have taken
Ⅲ.写作运用
1．I (should) make new friends and adapt to the new life
2．I couldn't have enjoyed my life there so much
3．my English couldn't have improved so quickly
4．if you could offer me his e-mail address or telephone number
5．you could come to China during the Spring Festival to experience Chinese culture
6．you spent the Spring Festival with us happily
7．if you were to accept my invitation