2023年安徽中考英语总复习二轮专题课件：专题二 动词 动词的语态（15张PPT）

(共15张PPT)
第二部分 语法专题剖析
专题二 动词
第4讲 动词的语态
2023年安徽中考英语总复习二轮专题课件
（10年5考）
知识清单
考点透析
1. 常考被动语态的结构
时态 构成 例句
主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 am/is/are+done We clean the classroom every day.我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day.教室每天被我们打扫。
时态 构成 例句
主动语态 被动语态
一般过去时 was/were+done Her mother gave her a new pen.她妈妈给了她一支新钢笔。 A new pen was given to her by her mother.她妈妈给了她一支新钢笔。
一般将来时 will/shall/be going to+be+done They will plant trees tomorrow.他们明天将要种树。 Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.他们明天将要种树。
续表
时态 构成 例句
主动语态 被动语态
现在完成时 have/has+been+done Jim has finished the work.吉姆已经完成了这项工作。 The work has been finished by Jim.这项工作已经被吉姆完成了。
含情态动词 情态动词+be+done We must solve the problem soon.我们必须尽快解决这个问题。 The problem must be solved soon.这个问题必须被尽快解决。
续表
2. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词变被动
例：
3. 使用被动语态的情况
（1）不知道动作的执行者是谁时。如：
This watch was made in China. 这块手表是在中国制造的。
（2）没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁时。如：
Many trees must be planted every year.每年都必须种很多树。
（3）需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如：
Paper was invented by Cai Lun.纸是由蔡伦发明的。
（4）句子的主语是物时。如：
Many houses were washed away by the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲走了。
（5）出于礼貌而不说出动作的执行者时。如：
My glass was broken this morning.我的玻璃杯今天早上被打碎了。
4. 主动语态表被动语态的情况
（1）open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, watch, cut, burn, drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。如：
This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
（2）look, sound, taste, smell等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。如：
Mooncakes taste delicious.月饼尝起来很好吃。
（3）be worth doing用主动形式表被动意义。如：
This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
（4）表示“发生”的happen或take place，无被动结构。如：
The story happened on a cold night. 故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。
（5）need/require+doing相当于need/require+to be done, to be done为不定式的被动结构。如：
My bike needs repairing.= My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行车需要被修理。
（6）在too…to…结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，主语是物。如：
The plane is too high to see.飞机飞得太高了，都看不见了。
（7）形容词easy, difficult, hard, expensive, fit, nice, dangerous, exciting, funny, heavy, important, good, interesting等后面接不定式作状语时，往往用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
They found the question is difficult to answer. 他们发现这个问题很难回答。
（8）动词不定式作定语时,如果它的逻辑主语是句子的主语或宾语，则可以用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
They have a lot of work to do.他们有很多工作要做。
十年真题
1.(2019年42题)The villagers expect that the building of the
bridge ___ before the rainy season comes.
A.is completed B.was completed
C.will be completed D.has been completed
2.(2018年44题)The weatherman says a rain shower ___ this
afternoon in the south.
A.expects B.expected
C.is expected D.was expected
√
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3.(2017年42题)Mr. Green ___ to sing an English song at the
party and he sang well.
A.was invited B.invited C.is invited D.invites
4.(2013年46题)Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of
information ___ in a short time.
A.can be learned B.has been learned
C.can learn D.has learned
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提升训练
5.Hot water ___ in the students’ flats from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m.
now.
A.supplies B.is supplied C.supplied D.was supplied
6.In Switzerland, things like glass and plastic ___ into different
groups and then recycled last year.
A.separate B.separated
C.were separated D.is separated
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√
7.Tea, the most popular drink in the world, ___ by accident in
China.
A.discovered B.is discovered
C.will be discovered D.was discovered
8.Tourists ___ because of their impolite behavior in our country
from now on.
A.will punish B.will be punished
C.is punishing D.punish
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