(共21张PPT)
第二部分 语法专题剖析
专题二 动词
第5讲 非谓语动词
2023年安徽中考英语总复习二轮专题课件
(近10年未考)
知识清单
考点透析
安徽近10年并未涉及对非谓语动词的考查,但在单项填空、单词拼写的题干及书面表达中都会涉及其相关的句型。因此,掌握非谓语动词是非常有必要的。动名词与分词课标仅作理解要求。
考向1 动词不定式
1. 动词不定式的功能
功能 例句
作主语 To learn English well is important for us.学好英语对我们来说很重要。
作表语 Her job is to do the dishes.她的工作是洗盘子。
作宾语 (包括疑问词+动词不定式) They decided to visit the Great Lakes.他们决定参观五大湖。
Could you tell me how to get to the train station?你能告诉我怎么到火车站吗?
功能 例句
作宾语补足语 The teacher asked us to turn off the lights.老师让我们关掉灯。
Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.请提醒我开会不要迟到。
作定语 I have a lot of books to read. 我有很多书要读。
续表
功能 例句
作状语 Paul is too excited to say anything.保罗激动得说不出话了。(结果状语)
He opened the door for her to come in.他打开门让她进来。(目的状语)
I am sorry to hear that your mother was ill.听说你妈妈生病了我很难过。(原因状语)
续表
2. 后接动词不定式作宾语的常考动词(v.+to do sth.)
afford负担得起 agree同意 choose选择
decide决定 expect期望 fail失败
learn学习 manage设法 need需要
offer主动提出 plan计划prefer更喜欢
prepare准备 promise承诺 refuse拒绝
want/would like想要 wish/hope希望
3. 后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常考动词(v.+sb. +to do sth.)
advise建议 allow允许 ask要求
encourage鼓励 expect期望 force强迫
help帮助 invite邀请 order命令
remind提醒 teach教 tell告诉
want想要 warn警告 wish希望
【拓展】在一些使役动词和感官动词之后,要把不定式结构中的to省略,但在变为被动语态时,要把省略的to加上。常用的有:
四看:watch, see, look at, notice
三使:let, make, have
二听:listen to, hear
一感:feel
半帮助:help
4. 不定式的常考句型
(1)It is +adj.+for/of sb. +to do sth. 做某事对于某人来说……/某人做某事是……的。
(2)It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人……时间做某事。
(3)It’s time to do sth. 到做某事的时间了。
(4)It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。
(5)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
(6)too+adj.+to do sth.太……而不能做某事
(7)adj.+enough to do sth. 足够……去做某事
(8)It’s one’s duty to do sth.做某事是某人的义务。
考点2 动名词
1. 动名词的功能
功能 例句
作主语 Saying so much is useless.说这么多没有什么用处。
作表语 His job is teaching Chinese in a school.他的工作是在一所学校教语文。
作宾语 I like playing football very much.我非常喜欢踢足球。(动词宾语)
I have no experience in teaching English.我没有教英语的经验。(介词宾语)
作定语 We need a washing machine.我们需要一台洗衣机。
2. 后接动名词作宾语的常考动词/短语/句型(v.+doing sth.)
avoid避免 consider考虑 enjoy喜欢
finish完成 imagine想象 keep坚持
mind介意 practice练习 suggest建议
look forward to期待 succeed in成功
talk about谈论 take part in参加
be busy忙于…… be worth值得
be/get used to习惯于……
can’t/couldn’t help情不自禁
can’t/couldn’t stand 不能忍受
have fun/trouble/problems/difficulty (in)… ……有乐趣/有麻烦/有问题/有困难
【注意】动词go后面一般会接动名词作宾语,表示去做某事。如:go swimming去游泳
【拓展】既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词
remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做)
remember to do sth.记得去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)
forget to do sth.忘记要做某事(未做)
stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop to do sth.停下来去做某事
need doing sth.某事需要被做(被动含义)
need to do sth.需要去做某事(主动含义)
try doing sth.尝试做某事
try to do sth.尽力做某事
regret doing sth.对做过的事感到后悔(已做)
regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)
考向3 分词
现在分词和过去分词的功能
功能 用法 例句
作定语 现在分词作定语,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词 Do you know the girl standing under the tree? 你认识站在树下的那个女孩吗?
过去分词作定语,其逻辑宾语就是它所修饰的词 Please hand in your written exercises. 请上交你们的书面练习。
功能 用法 例句
作补 足语 现在分词作补足语,被修饰的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语(即主动关系) I’m sorry to keep you waiting for such a long time. 我很抱歉让你等这么长时间。
过去分词作补足语,被修饰的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系) He will have his hair cut after school. 他放学后要去理发。
续表
提升训练
1.Look, Bob. There are some girls ___ under the tree.
A.dance B.dancing C.to dance D.to dancing
2.For more than once, our head teacher asks us ___ the habit
of keeping a diary.
A.develop B.develops C.developing D.to develop
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3.In order ___ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get
up early this morning.
A.not to be late B.not being late C.to be late D.being late
4.The woman ___ Julie teaches us English this year.
A.is called B.called C.calling D.is calling
5.—What did the teacher say just now
—He told us ___ in the river.
A.swim B.swimming C.not to swim D.not swim
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6.During our holidays, we should avoid ___ up at night and
oversleeping in the morning.
A.stay B.to stay C.stayed D.staying
7.Why not consider ___ a picnic instead of watching TV at
home on such a fine day?
A.have B.having C.to have D.had
8.___ myself, I will take up a hobby like painting this summer.
A.Improve B.Improving C.To improve D.Improved
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9.—Would you mind not ___ football in the hallway
—Sorry, I won’t.
A.play B.playing C.to play D.played
10.Mr. White invited me ___ the hill with him last weekend.
A.to climb B.climb C.climbing D.climbed
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