中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
外研版八年级下册4单元知识点总结（解析版）
1.ill(形容词）不健康的；有病的
辨析：
(1)ill： 一般用作表语，不常做定语。作定语时，意为“坏的，不良的”。
(2)sick: 既可以修饰名词作定语，又可以放在系动词后面作表语
词转：illness（名词）疾病
课文原句：I haven't done much exercise since I got my computer. 自从我有了电脑以来，我没有做太多运动。
例题（1）—Why didn’t you come for the picnic with us yesterday
—My sister was ill, and I had to __ D ______ her at home.
A．look for B．find out C．fix up D．take care of
例题（2）Mr. Smith didn’t give us a lecture ___ C _____ he was ill in bed.
A．until B．though C．because D．unless
2.temperature（名词）提问；温度
搭配：take one's temperature 给某人量体温
--raise the temperature of… 提高…的温度
--at a high\low temperature 以很高\很低的温度
好句赏析：The temperature on Venus is four times as hot as boiling water. 金星的温度是沸水的四倍。
课文原句：Let me take your temperature. 让我给你量一下体温。
例题（1）It’s much colder today than yesterday. The temperature is __ C ______ zero.
A．under B．over C．below D．above
例题（2）A greenhouse is used for keeping plants warm when the outside temperature is __ B ______ .
A．high B．low C．cold
3.health（名词）健康
短语：improve one's health 改善某人的健康
--be beneficial to one’s health 对某人的健康有好处
--be harmful to one’s health 对某人的健康有害
词转：healthy（形容词）健康的
课文原句：It can be very harmful to your health. 这可能对你的健康非常有害。
例题（1）
Smoking is__ D ______ to your health, please give it up.
A．harm B．harmed C．harming D．harmful
例题（2）
Everyone __ A ______ show their health code before entering the hospital.
A．must B．can C．may D．need
4.active（形容词）积极的；活泼的
搭配：take in active part in... 积极参加...
-- stay active 保持积极
--an active member 一个积极的成员
课文原句：I have never been very active ，and I do not like sports. 我从来都不是很活跃，我不喜欢运动。
例题（1）
—Katie, can you tell me ___ B _____
—Ben I haven’t seen him for years. I remember he used to be active and outgoing.
A．what is Ben like B．what Ben is like C．what does Ben like D．what did Ben look like
例题（2）
She is __ A ______ girl, but she can answer the teachers’ questions ________ in class.
A．a quiet; actively B．an active; careful C．a clever; happy
5.member（名词）成员；会员
短语：a member of... ... 的一员
-- a Party member 一名党员
-- family members家庭成员
课文原句：I was the first member of the team. 我是这个团队第一个成员。
例题（1）
__ B ______ you are a member of the soccer team, you should do your part in keeping it strong.
A．Although B．Since C．After D．Until
例题（2）
Every family member should do their part in __ B ______ a good living environment at home.
A．spending B．providing C．finding
6.condition（名词）状况
搭配：be in excellent condition 健康状况很好
-- improve their living condition 改善他们的生活条件
--make one’s condition good 使某人的健康状况好
拓展：air conditioner 空调
课文原句：She is in excellent condition。 她身体状况很好。
例题（1）
Dr. Wells said some of my father’s daily activities should be canceled in order not to make his condition ___ B ___.
A．bad B．worse C．worst
例题（2）
I’ve got two cars. B of them is in very good condition, I’m afraid.
A．Both B．Neither C．All D．None
7.sleepy（形容词）困的
短语:feel sleepy 感到困倦
词转：asleep（形容词）睡着的
课文原句：When I got to work, I always felt very sleepy and I was not happy. 当我开始工作时，我总是感到很困，我不开心。
例题（1）Jerry stayed up late last night. __ C ______ he was sleepy in the class.
A．No problem B．No idea C．No wonder D．No matter
例题（2）—Do you know why Peter was so sleepy that he could hardly keep___ D ______
—He didn’t sleep very well last night.
A．sleepy B．asleep C．quiet D．awake
8.exercise（动词）运动；锻练（可数名词）操（不可数名词)锻练
短语：morning exercises 早操
-- physical exercise 体育锻炼
好句赏析：Exercise is of great benefit to health and enables us to keep in shape 运动对健康大有裨益，使我们能够保持身材
课文原句：I was not feeling very well so the doctor checked my heart and said I needed more exercise. 我感觉不太好，所以医生检查了我的心脏，说我需要更多的运动。
例题（1）I usually __ A ______ to school. It’s good exercise for me.
A．ride a bike B．take the bus C．drive a car
例题（2）Many students didn’t realize the __ B ______ of exercise until they faced the high school entrance P. E. examination.
A．decision B．importance C．situation D．spirit
9.medicine（不可数名词）药
搭配：take medicine 吃药
--Chinese medicine 中药
好句赏析：She never stops doing research on Chinese medicine，doesn't she 她从没停止研究中医，不是吗？
课文原句：I'll give you some medicine. Take it three times a day. 我给你一些药。每天服用三次。
例题（1）
Someday in the future, medicine __ C ______ to us in a more patient-friendly way.
A．is delivered B．has been delivered
C．will be delivered D．was delivered
例题（2）
The medicine is safe and effective（有效）. ___ C _____ it for your throat
A．What about try B．Why don’t try C．Why not try D．How about eat
10.daily（形容词）每天的；日常的
辨析：
(1)daily=everyday+名词
(2)every day 每天 一般放句首\句末作状语
-- daily issues 日常问题
--in our daily communication 在我们的日常交流中
课文原句：It is my daily exercise. 那是我的日常锻炼
例题（1）
Showing __ A ______ to others is always polite and necessary in our daily communication.
A．kindness B．opinion C．decision
例题（2）
Could you buy me today’s China Daily when you walk __ B ______ the newsstand (报亭)
A．along B．past C．across
11.ordinary（形容词)普通的
搭配：ordinary people 普通人
例题（1）
There __ C ______ many ordinary（平凡）Chinese making great contributions to our motherland last year.
A．has B．had C．were D．was
例题（2）
— This kind of train can travel __ A _____ 350 kilometers an hour.
— Yes, it runs _______ faster than the ordinary train.
A．at a speed of; much B．at the speed of; many
C．with a speed of; much D．with the speed of; many
12.prevent（动词）预防
短语：prevent air pollution 预防空气污染
--prevent sb (from) doing sth=stop sb (from) doing sth=keep sb from dong sth 阻止某人做某事
好句赏析：No one can prevent the news from being announced to the public 没有人可以阻止新闻向公众宣布
例题（1）
—Could you tell me the __ C ______ of our meeting
—Of course. It’s about how to prevent air pollution in our daily life.
A．sign B．result C．subject D．tip
例题（2）
The water ___ B _____ is very serious in Taihu Lake now, the government must prevent people from ________ it.
A．pollute; pollution B．pollution; polluting
C．pollution; to pollute D．pollution; pollution
13.disease（可数名词）疾病
搭配：serious diseases 严重的疾病
--cure serious diseases 至于严重的疾病
--a rare disease 一种罕见的疾病
-- infectious disease 传染病
例题（1）
According ____ B ____ a recent report, this type of disease has already been under control.
A．for B．to C．with D．of
例题（2）
How can we ___ C _______ this disease _________ spreading
A．protect...against B．provide...with C．prevent...from D．save...from
14.educate（动词）教育
短语：educate sb properly 正确教育某人
词转：education（名词）教育
-- get a degree in education 获得教育学位
--educational（形容词）教育的；有教育意义的
好句赏析：Parents play a crucial role in a child’s education, but they can’t always be available 父母在孩子的教育中起着至关重要的作用，但他们不可能总是随叫随到
例题（1）
Chinese parents are being encouraged to educate their children properly, as a new law on family education ___ C __ on Jan l, 2022.
A．turned out B．put out C．came out D．broke out
例题（2）
The first World Earth Day __ B ______ to educate us to protect our planet in 1970.
A．is celebrated B．was celebrated C．celebrated
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
外研版八年级下册4单元知识点总结（原卷版）
1.ill(形容词）不健康的；有病的
辨析：
(1)ill： 一般用作表语，不常做定语。作定语时，意为“坏的，不良的”。
(2)sick: 既可以修饰名词作定语，又可以放在系动词后面作表语
词转：illness（名词）疾病
例句赏析：I haven't done much exercise since I got my computer. 自从我有了电脑以来，我没有做太多运动。
例题（1）—Why didn’t you come for the picnic with us yesterday
—My sister was ill, and I had to ________ her at home.
A．look for B．find out C．fix up D．take care of
例题（2）Mr. Smith didn’t give us a lecture ________ he was ill in bed.
A．until B．though C．because D．unless
2.temperature（名词）体温；温度
搭配：take one's temperature 给某人量体温
--raise the temperature of… 提高…的温度
--at a high\low temperature 以很高\很低的温度
好句赏析：The temperature on Venus is four times as hot as boiling water. 金星的温度是沸水的四倍。
课文原句：Let me take your temperature. 让我给你量一下体温。
例题（1）It’s much colder today than yesterday. The temperature is ________ zero.
A．under B．over C．below D．above
例题（2）A greenhouse is used for keeping plants warm when the outside temperature is ________ .
A．high B．low C．cold
3.health（名词）健康
短语：improve one's health 改善某人的健康
--be beneficial to one’s health 对某人的健康有好处
--be harmful to one’s health 对某人的健康有害
词转：healthy（形容词）健康的
课文原句：It can be very harmful to your health. 这可能对你的健康非常有害。
例题（1）
Smoking is________ to your health, please give it up.
A．harm B．harmed C．harming D．harmful
例题（2）
Everyone ________ show their health code before entering the hospital.
A．must B．can C．may D．need
4.active（形容词）积极的；活泼的
搭配：take an active part in... 积极参加...
-- stay active 保持积极
--an active member 一个积极的成员
课文原句：I have never been very active ，and I do not like sports. 我从来都不是很活跃，我不喜欢运动。
例题（1）
—Katie, can you tell me ________
—Ben I haven’t seen him for years. I remember he used to be active and outgoing.
A．what is Ben like B．what Ben is like C．what does Ben like D．what did Ben look like
例题（2）
She is ________ girl, but she can answer the teachers’ questions ________ in class.
A．a quiet; actively B．an active; careful C．a clever; happy
5.member（名词）成员；会员
短语：a member of... ... 的一员
-- a Party member 一名党员
-- family members家庭成员
课文原句：I was the first member of the team. 我是这个团队第一个成员。
例题（1）
________ you are a member of the soccer team, you should do your part in keeping it strong.
A．Although B．Since C．After D．Until
例题（2）
Every family member should do their part in ________ a good living environment at home.
A．spending B．providing C．finding
6.condition（名词）状况
搭配：be in excellent condition 健康状况很好
-- improve their living condition 改善他们的生活条件
--make one’s condition good 使某人的健康状况好
拓展：air conditioner 空调
课文原句：She is in excellent condition。 她身体状况很好。
例题（1）
Dr. Wells said some of my father’s daily activities should be canceled in order not to make his condition ________.
A．bad B．worse C．worst
例题（2）
I’ve got two cars. of them is in very good condition, I’m afraid.
A．Both B．Neither C．All D．None
7.sleepy（形容词）困的
短语:feel sleepy 感到困倦
词转：asleep（形容词）睡着的
课文原句：When I got to work, I always felt very sleepy and I was not happy. 当我开始工作时，我总是感到很困，我不开心。
例题（1）Jerry stayed up late last night. ________ he was sleepy in the class.
A．No problem B．No idea C．No wonder D．No matter
例题（2）—Do you know why Peter was so sleepy that he could hardly keep_________
—He didn’t sleep very well last night.
A．sleepy B．asleep C．quiet D．awake
8.exercise（动词）运动；锻练（可数名词）操（不可数名词)锻练
短语：morning exercises 早操
-- physical exercise 体育锻炼
好句赏析：Exercise is of great benefit to health and enables us to keep in shape 运动对健康大有裨益，使我们能够保持身材
课文原句：I was not feeling very well so the doctor checked my heart and said I needed more exercise. 我感觉不太好，所以医生检查了我的心脏，说我需要更多的运动。
例题（1）I usually ________ to school. It’s good exercise for me.
A．ride a bike B．take the bus C．drive a car
例题（2）Many students didn’t realize the ________ of exercise until they faced the high school entrance P. E. examination.
A．decision B．importance C．situation D．spirit
9.medicine（不可数名词）药
搭配：take medicine 吃药
--Chinese medicine 中药
好句赏析：She never stops doing research on Chinese medicine，doesn't she 她从没停止研究中医，不是吗？
课文原句：I'll give you some medicine. Take it three times a day. 我给你一些药。每天服用三次。
例题（1）
Someday in the future, medicine ________ to us in a more patient-friendly way.
A．is delivered B．has been delivered C．will be delivered D．was delivered
例题（2）
The medicine is safe and effective（有效）. ________ it for your throat
A．What about try B．Why don’t try C．Why not try D．How about eat
10.daily（形容词）每天的；日常的
辨析：
(1)daily=everyday+名词
(2)every day 每天 一般放句首\句末作状语
-- daily issues 日常问题
--in our daily communication 在我们的日常交流中
课文原句：It is my daily exercise. 那是我的日常锻炼
例题（1）
Showing ________ to others is always polite and necessary in our daily communication.
A．kindness B．opinion C．decision
例题（2）
Could you buy me today’s China Daily when you walk ________ the newsstand (报亭)
A．along B．past C．across
11.ordinary（形容词)普通的
搭配：ordinary people 普通人
例题（1）
There ________ many ordinary（平凡）Chinese making great contributions to our motherland last year.
A．has B．had C．were D．was
例题（2）
— This kind of train can travel _______ 350 kilometers an hour.
— Yes, it runs _______ faster than the ordinary train.
A．at a speed of; much B．at the speed of; many
C．with a speed of; much D．with the speed of; many
prevent（动词）预防；阻止
短语：prevent air pollution 预防空气污染
--prevent air pollution in our daily life 在我们的日常生活中预防空气污染
--prevent sb (from) doing sth=stop sb (from) doing sth=keep sb from dong sth 阻止某人做某事
--prevent people from polluting the environment 防止人们污染环境
好句赏析：No one can prevent the news from being announced to the public 没有人可以阻止新闻向公众宣布
例题（1）
—Could you tell me the ________ of our meeting
—Of course. It’s about how to prevent air pollution in our daily life.
A．sign B．result C．subject D．tip
例题（2）
The water ________ is very serious in Taihu Lake now, the government must prevent people from ________ it.
A．pollute; pollution B．pollution; polluting
C．pollution; to pollute D．pollution; pollution
13.disease（可数名词）疾病
搭配：serious diseases 严重的疾病
--cure serious diseases 治愈严重的疾病
--a rare disease 一种罕见的疾病
-- infectious disease 传染病
例题（1）
According ________ a recent report, this type of disease has already been under control.
A．for B．to C．with D．of
例题（2）
How can we __________ this disease _________ spreading
A．protect...against B．provide...with C．prevent...from D．save...from
14.educate（动词）教育
短语：educate sb properly 正确教育某人=educate sb correctly
--educate sb to do sth 教育某人
词转：education（名词）教育
-- get a degree in education 获得教育学位
--educational（形容词）教育的；有教育意义的
好句赏析：Parents play a crucial role in a child’s education, but they can’t always be available 父母在孩子的教育中起着至关重要的作用，但他们不可能总是随叫随到
例题（1）
Chinese parents are being encouraged to educate their children properly, as a new law on family education ________ on Jan l, 2022.
A．turned out B．put out C．came out D．broke out
例题（2）
The first World Earth Day ________ to educate us to protect our planet in 1970.
A．is celebrated B．was celebrated C．celebrated
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