(共14张PPT)
第二部分 语法专题剖析
专题一 名词
微专题1 名词填空——针对单词拼写
2023年安徽中考英语总复习二轮专题课件
(10年17考)
考点透析
步骤一 确定空处填名词
1. 从题干中所给的汉语提示词和首字母提示判断。例如2021年76题,汉语提示词为“团队”,考生可直接确定空处填名词(10年16考)。
2. 根据语境判断。安徽中考会涉及对多词性词汇的考查,如2019年95题test(测试),这类词仅通过汉语提示词无法判断填名词还是动词,需要通过语境和句子结构进行判断。方法如下:
方法 举例
(1)位于系动词后作表语,或位于冠词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格后以及一些固定搭配中(10年14考) Now I am a student of Sunshine Middle School.
(2)位于动词或介词后作宾语(2015.92) We got there so fast by train.
(3)位于形容词后(2015.95, 2013.97) He gave me a red flower.
方法 举例
(4)位于句首,在句中作主语 The weather here is cool and cloudy, just right for walking.
(5)位于限定词this, these, those, many, some, any, a lot of, every等后 She likes this skirt very much.
(6)位于数词后 The first step is to find someone you trust to talk to.
续表
步骤二 判断是可数名词还是不可数名词
1. 可数名词
(1)可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,如:star, stars;
(2)可数名词前面可以被基数词、不定冠词(a/an)、many修饰,如: three boys, an apple, many students。
2. 不可数名词
(1)不可数名词没有复数形式,如:milk, meat, rice, bread;
(2)不可数名词若表示数量,可用量词加不可数名词,如: a piece of paper, two cups of milk。
步骤三 判断用可数名词的单数还是复数
对于不可数名词,可直接将单词代入句中,通过语境及是否有修饰词进行验证。对于可数名词,则需进一步确认所填单词是否有数的变化。判断方法如下:
1. 填单数:
方法 举例
(1)空前有不定冠词a/an或表示“一”的数词one修饰(10年6考) Judy is going to send a card to her father on Father’s Day.
(2)所跟谓语动词为单数形式 The house is already pretty clean and tidy.
(3)句中有指示代词it或形容词性物主代词its(2017.92) Make sure you put all the answers in your paper before handing it in.
方法 举例
(4)指示代词(this/that)+可数名词单数 This restaurant is always very crowded.
(5)every/each+可数名词单数 Each panda needs to eat a lot of bamboo every day.
(6)根据语境判断 The doctor told the patient to take the medicine three times a day.
(7)用于固定短语或固定搭配中 by mistake错误地;at the age of... 在……岁
续表
2. 填复数:
方法 举例
(1)空前有大于1的表示数量的词(2019.93) I joined the book club last month and I have read five books already.
(2)some/many/several/a lot of/lots of/these/those/few/a few+可数名词复数 The man tried several times to start the car, and he succeeded in the end.
方法 举例
(3)根据上下文语境(2015.95) In our room, my books and tapes are in the bookcase.
(4)可数名词+谓语动词复数(2020.76) Farmers work very hard in the fields so we mustn’t waste food.
(5)one of(+形容词性物主代词/the+形容词最高级)+可数名词复数 Teahouse is one of Lao She’s most famous plays.
续表
3. 填单复数均可:
已知所填词为可数名词,其单数和复数形式均符合该题的语境要求(2017.94)。如:
An old man began to collect rubbish along the river bank(s) years ago.
提升训练
19.(2022合肥市五十中西校三模)Life is like a r_____(赛跑). We
must keep running and never give up.
ace
20.(2022芜湖市一模)Mr. White’s desk was covered with a lot of
p_______(文件).
apers
21.(2022蚌埠市二模)Please believe in yourself.That’s the
s_______(秘诀) to success.
ecret
22.(2022安庆市一模)This s_______(邮票) of the Year of the
Tiger sells well.
tamp
23.Getting up early every morning is one of the r______(规则)
in my family.
ules
24.The Chinese always treat their g_______(客人) with a big
meal during some important festivals.
uests
25.Don’t let young children play with these k_______(刀) in
the kitchen. They may cut themselves.
nives