2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-动词（含解析）

2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-动词
一、选择题
I like the red scarf. It _____ very soft.
A．tastes B．feels C．sounds D．smells
—Who your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday
—My neighbor, a warm-hearted woman.
A．put on B．looked after C．gave up D．turned off
The plane to Guangzhou _____ at 10:30 every morning.
A．calls B．drives C．leaves D．runs
Look! The blue shorts _____ 30 dollars. That pair of black trousers _____ 20 dollars.
A．are; is B．is; is C．is; are D．are; are
We want some students for the music e and _____ us.
A．join B．ask C．call D．save
Many people like this song because it _____ people's hearts.
A．touches B．serves C．fills D．covers
John Baird _____ the world's first television in 1926.
A．found B．discovered C．took D．invented
The girl lost everything in a big fire. Her classmates _____ plan to help her.
A．came out B．came over C．came up with D．came in
That's all I have to say. Is there anything you'd like to _____
A．talk B．require C．hold D．add
I don't _____ that Jenny is a clever girl.
A．help B．let C．doubt D．want
—You can _____ a new hobby like playing the piano in your free time.
—That _____ a great idea.
A．take up; sounds B．take up; sounds like
C．turn up; sounds like D．turn up; sounds
When you break the rules, you should _____ to your teacher.
A．apologise B．introduce C．expect D．compare
There is a flower on the floor. Would you please _____
A．pick up it B．pick up them C．pick it up D．pick them up
—Mum, you always cook vegetables and fish. But meat is my favourite.
—They're good for you. And the price of meat _____ a lot this year.
A．improves B．develops C．increases D．produces
There will be a brand new road through the small village, so we need to _____ those old buildings.
A．take up B．take after C．take down D．take in
The teacher asked the students to _____ a story about a trip to the Moon.
A．give up B．cheer up C．take up D．make up
Thanks for _____ me to school, Mr. Smith. Your car is cool and you're so nice.
A．walking B．riding C．driving
The fields in my hometown _____ some big shopping malls 5 years ago.
A．went into B．put into C．moved into D．turned into
My mom is busy. I often help her _____ my baby sister.
A．watch B．see C．look D．meet
—How much the set of books about Chinese history
—30 dollars.
A．is B．are C．do D．does
We may meet difficulties in the future, but we should be confident enough to _____ any challenge.
A．put on B．get on C．try on D．take on
—Andrew hit a pipe, and filled the room with water.
—Let's help him _____ right away.
A．mopping it up B．mopping up it C．mop it up D．mop up it
—Jack, please don't play the CD, or please _____ a little. Your father is sleeping.
—OK. No problem.
A．turn it off B．turn it down C．turn it up D．turn up it
Your book is on the floor. Please _____.
A．pick up it B．pick it up C．pick up them D．pick them up
—Did you enjoy the movie Amazing China
—Yes, it _____ the great changes of China, and I feel lucky being Chinese.
A．develops B．improved C．prepares D．describes
Our classroom is so messy because of some paper on the floor. Could you please _____
A．take it up B．give it up C．pick it up
Tim, your bedroom is in a mess, please _____.
A．clean it up B．give it away C．pick it up
—Amy, I fear that I will forget to give back this science fiction book to the school lilbrary on time. Could you please _____ me
—Sure, no problem.
A．introduce B．consider C．remind
—Wang Mei. I called you at 7 yesterday evening, but nobody answered
—Sorry. I _____ at that time.
A．took a shower B．have slept
C．was playing basketball
It's sunny today. There are many children _____ in the park.
A．go rollerblading B．does gymnastics
C．flying their kites D．read books
This pair of trousers is _____. Can I _____
A．enough fashionable (时尚的); try on them
B．fashionable enough; try them on
C．enough fashionable; try on it
D．fashionable enough; try it on
The blouse is too large. I don't think it ______ you.
A．matches B．fits C．dresses D．changes
Listen to those people! Are they _____ Chinese
A．speaking B．talking C．telling D．saying
—What _____ the number of the students in your class
—About 45. A number of them _____ from the countryside.
A．is; are B．is; is C．are; is D．are; are
Linda _____ her friend, Gina, about her favorite food.
A．helps B．thinks C．asks D．wants
Please _____ the tigers. It's dangerous to take photos with them.
A．keep off B．take off C．get off D．turn off
Joy's mother is ill. So she has to stay at home and _____ her.
A．look at B．look up C．look after D．look out
Joy's mother is ill. So she has to stay at home and _____ her.
A．look at B．look up C．look after D．look out
The funny look made Lucy _____ all the time.
A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed
Lingling _____ much money on clothes.
A．costs B．spends C．takes D．pays
Tony likes to _____ much time practicing the guitar every day.
A．use B．find C．spend D．cut
With the help of the Internet, news can _____ every corner of the world.
A．arrive B．go C．reach D．get
Don't _____ your parents so much. You are no longer a child.
A．take after B．part with C．compare with D．depend on
_____, or we can't get to the station on time.
A．Stay up B．Hurry up C．Give up D．Put up
I will meet Jane at the station. Please _____ what time she will arrive.
A．count B．choose C．check D．catch
—Alice, I want to be a doctor when I grow up.
—That's good. And I hope your dream can _____.
A．look great B．feel happy C．come true D．get angry
—Andy won the first place in the Sunshine Town Writing Competition.
—It really surprised us. Nobody _____ him to be so great.
A．wanted B．encouraged C．expected D．hoped
After work, Linda usually drives to her son's school and then _____ him home.
A．puts B．carries C．takes D．throws
Jane _____ her favourite star's photos on the wall after she got home.
A．put up B．put off C．put on D．put down
—Would you like to go to the zoo with me
—I'd like to but I have to _____ tomorrows meeting.
A．look for B．prepare for C．search for D．pay for
答案
一、选择题（共50题）
1. 【答案】B
【解析】考查系动词辨析。tastes 尝起来；feels 摸起来；sounds 听起来；smells 闻起来。句意：我喜欢红领巾，它摸起来很软。故答案为 B。
【知识点】feel、动词辨析
2. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是短语辨析。句意：——你出去度假时谁照顾你的宠物狗？——我的邻居，一个热心的女人。put on 穿上；look after 照顾；give up 放弃；turn off 关闭。根据“your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday”可知此处指照顾宠物。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】动词短语辨析、look after (well)
3. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。A. calls 打电话；B. drives 驾驶；C. leaves 离开；D. runs 跑。句意：去广州的航班每天上午十点半起飞。根据句意可知飞机每天上午十点半离开，要用 leave。故选 C。
【知识点】leave、动词辨析
4. 【答案】A
【解析】考查 be 动词主谓一致。第一空前面为 The blue shorts 为可数名词复数形式，故选 are；第二空前面 That pair of black trousers 虽然 trousers 为复数形式，但 that pair of 使用的单数，意为“一条裤子”，故选 is 句意：看，蓝色的短裤 30 美金。那条黑色的裤子 20 美金。故选 A。
【知识点】主谓一致、am/is/are的辨析
5. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。join 参加，加入；ask 问；call 称呼，呼叫；save 节省。根据句意：我们想要一些学生加入音乐俱乐部。来加入我们吧。
【知识点】动词辨析、join
6. 【答案】A
【解析】touch “触摸”；serve “发球”；fill “填充”；cover “遮盖”，四者都是动词的第三人称单数形式。由题干“很多人喜欢这首歌，因为它触动了人们的心”可知，空格是“触动”，因此用 touches，因此答案应是 touches，故选：A。
【知识点】touch、动词辨析
7. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。found 找到，发现；discovered 发现；took 拿走；invented 发明。句意：约翰贝尔德在 1926 年发明了世界上第一台电视。故答案为 D。
【知识点】invent、动词辨析
8. 【答案】C
【解析】考查短语辨析。came out 出版，开花；came over 过来，顺便来访；came up with 提出，想出；came in 进入。句意：那女孩在一场大火中失去了一切。她的同学提出了帮助她的一个计划。故答案为 C。
【知识点】动词短语辨析、come up with
9. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是动词辨析。句意：我要说的就这些。你还有什么要补充的吗？talk 谈话；require 要求；hold 拿；add 补充。
因此，正确答案是 D。
【知识点】动词辨析、add
10. 【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
11. 【答案】B
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：你可以在空闲时间培养一个新的爱好，比如弹钢琴。听起来是个好主意。短语 take up 意思是“培养（开始从事）”、turn up 意思是“调大、出现”；sounds 意思是“发出声响”sounds like 意思是“听起来像……”；根据句意结合短语可知选项 B 符合题意。
【知识点】动词短语辨析、take up、sound like
12. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查的是动词的辨析。句意：当你违反规则时，你应该向你的老师道歉。apologise 道歉；introduce 介绍；expect 期待；compare 比较。
因此，正确答案是A。
【知识点】apologise/apologize、动词辨析
13. 【答案】C
【知识点】it、动词短语的宾语为代词
14. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：——妈妈，你总是煮蔬菜和鱼。但是肉才是我的最爱。——它们对你有好处。而且今年肉的价格也上涨了很多。A. improves 改进；B. develops 发展；C. increases 增长；D. produces 生产，制造。表示价格上涨要用动词 increase，故选 C。
【知识点】动词辨析、increase
15. 【答案】C
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：将有一条崭新的道路会穿过这个小村庄，所以我们需要拆除那些旧建筑。take up 开始从事，占据（时间地方）；take after 效仿；take down 拆卸；take in 吸收，领会。根据句意，要修建新路，应是“拆掉”旧房子。
【知识点】动词短语辨析、take down
16. 【答案】D
【解析】本题考查：动词短语的辨析。选项分析：A. give up 放弃；交出。B. cheer up 高兴起来。C. take up 拿起；开始从事。D. make up 化妆；编造。综合分析前后文及答案选项，依据 a story about a trip to the Moon. 一个关于月球旅行的故事。可知此处填 make up 最合适，完整句意为：The teacher asked the students to makeup a story about a trip to the Moon. 老师让学生们编一个关于月球旅行的故事。正确答案为：D。
【知识点】动词短语辨析、make up
17. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：谢谢你开车送我去学校，史密斯先生。你的车很酷，人也很好。A. walking 步行；B. riding 表示乘坐大车或公用的车辆（大客车、火车等）；C. driving 用于形容所有权或使用权属于个人的小车，根据“Your car is cool”，可知这里指的是小汽车，drive sb to+地点，表示“开车带某人去某地”。
【知识点】动词辨析、drive sb. to、作宾语
18. 【答案】D
【解析】考查固定短语的辨析。A 项意为“进入”；B 项意为“使进入”；C 项意为“移入”；D 项意为“变成”；分析句意可知家乡的很多地方都变成购物中心，所以填入 tuned into。句意：5 年前，我家乡的田野变成了一些大型购物中心。
【知识点】turn into、动词短语辨析
19. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词解析。A. watch 注视，看守 B. see 看见 C. look 看（不及物动词）D. meet 遇见；根据句意：我妈妈很忙，我经常帮她看我的小妹妹。故选 A。
【知识点】动词辨析
20. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查的是特殊疑问句和主谓一致。句意：——那套关于中国历史的书多少钱？——30美元。空后内容是主语，而how much表示价格，故使用be构成主系表结构；主语是单数名词set，故be是is。
因此，正确答案是A。
【知识点】am/is/are的辨析
21. 【答案】D
【解析】在将来我们也许会碰到困难，但是我们应该足够的自信去对付任何挑战。
A put on 穿上；B get on 取得进展；C try on 试穿；D take on 对付，根据前文表示“在将来我们也许会碰到困难”，可知，空格处表示“有足够的信心对付任何挑战”，所以空格处填动词短语 take on 符合语境。
【知识点】动词短语辨析、take on
22. 【答案】C
【解析】根据句意：——Andrew 碰到了管道，房间充满了水。——让我们马上帮他把它擦干净。可知考查短语 help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事，所以用原形 mop，mop...up... 是动副短语，代词放短语中间。
【知识点】help (sb.) (to) do sth.、动词短语的宾语为代词
23. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：——杰克，请不要播放这张 CD，或者请把声音关小一点。你爸爸在睡觉。——好的。没有问题。turn off 关上；turn down（音量）调低；turn up（音量）调高；根据“Your father is sleeping”你爸爸在睡觉，所以此处应该是“turn down”。
【知识点】动词短语的宾语为代词、turn down
24. 【答案】B
【解析】句意：你的书在地上。请把它捡起来。
pick up 捡起来，当人称代词作为动词+副词的短语的宾语时，位于动词和副词之间，故排除 AC 两项。代指前面的 your book，故用代词 it。
【知识点】动词短语的宾语为代词、it
25. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词。句意：——你喜欢昨天晚上的电影《神奇的中国》吗？——是的，它描述了中国发生的巨大变化，身为中国人我感到很幸运。选项分析 A. develops，（使）成长，发展，壮大；B. improved，改进改善；C. prepares，准备；D. describes，描述，形容。根据题意可知，选项 D 正确。
【知识点】describe、动词辨析
26. 【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析、pick up
27. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。clean up 清理，打扫干净；give away 分发，泄露；pick up 捡起，接，偶然学会。句意：蒂姆，你的卧室太乱了，请把它打扫干净。
【知识点】动词短语辨析、clean up
28. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。introduce 介绍，引进；consider 考虑，认为；remind 提醒，使想起。句意：——艾米，我担心我会忘记按时把这本科幻小说还给学校图书馆。你能提醒我一下吗？——当然，没有问题。
【知识点】remind、动词辨析
29. 【答案】C
【知识点】play basketball、动词短语辨析
30. 【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句中出现的谓语动词 are 可知此处应用非谓语动词，且根据句意此处表示正在进行时，故要用动词 -ing 形式。根据句意：今天是阳光明媚的。公园里有许多孩子在放风筝。
【知识点】fly kites/a kite、动词短语辨析
31. 【答案】B
【解析】enough“足够的、足够地”既可是形容词也可是名词，作副词时，修饰形容词，必须放在形容词后；fashionable“时尚的”是形容词；try on“试穿”，是动词短语。如果是名词既可放中间也可放后面，如果是代词必须放中间。因此 enough fashionable 是不正确的，try on it/ them 是不正确的。fashionable enough“足够时髦的”，try it/ them on“试穿它/它们”，由题干“这条裤子够时髦的。我能试穿一下吗？”可知，第一个空格是“足够时髦的”，用 fashionable enough；第二个空格是“试穿它们”，用 try them on，因此答案应是 fashionable enough；try them on。
【知识点】them、副词enough、动词短语的宾语为代词
32. 【答案】B
【解析】matches“比赛”；dresses“女装、连衣裙”；changes“变化、改变”，三者都是可数名词的复数形式。fits“适合、合身的衣服”既可作名词的复数形式，又可作动词的第三人称的单数形式。由题干“这件衬衫太大了。我觉得不适合你。”可知，空格是“适合”第三人称的单数形式，用 fits，因此答案应是 fits。
【知识点】fit (可容纳/适合)、动词辨析
33. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：听那些人！他们在讲汉语吗？speaking 意为“说（某种语言）”；talking 意为“谈话”；telling 意为“告诉”；saying 意为“说”，强调说话的内容。空后“Chinese”指的是汉语，由此可知要用 speaking。
【知识点】speak、动词辨析
34. 【答案】A
【知识点】am/is/are的辨析、a number of/numbers of
35. 【答案】C
【解析】Linda 问她的朋友 Gina，关于她最喜欢的食物。
A helps 帮助；B thinks 思考；C asks 询问；D wants 想要。根据句意，Linda 是想要询问关于她朋友最喜欢吃的食物，固定短语搭配 ask sb about sth，询问某人关于某事，主语是第三人称，所以谓语动词要用三单形式。
【知识点】动词辨析、ask
36. 【答案】A
【知识点】动词辨析
37. 【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析
38. 【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析
39. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：那滑稽的表情使露西一直笑个不停。
A. laugh 动词原形；B. laughing 现在分词或动名词；C. to laugh 动词不定式；D. laughed 过去式或过去分词。根据 make sb. do sth. 表示“使某人做某事”后跟省略的不定式，此空应填 laugh，故排除 B、C、D，故选 A。
【知识点】make sb. do
40. 【答案】B
【解析】句意：玲玲花很多的钱买衣服。
本题考查动词的辨析。A. cost 的主语是物或某种活动，sth. costs (sb.)+金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱；B. spend 的主语必须是人，spend time/ money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）；C. take 后面常跟双宾语，It takes sb.+时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间；D. pay money for sth. 付钱买……。由介词 on 可知，此空要用 spends，故选 B。
【知识点】动词辨析
41. 【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析、spend…(in) doing sth.
42. 【答案】C
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空格后的 every corner of the world（世界上的每个角落）是宾语，故所填词应是及物动词。arrive 和 go 是不及物动词，get 表示“到达”时也是不及物动词，reach 意为“到达；抵达”，是及物动词。
【知识点】动词辨析、reach
43. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：不要过多地依赖父母，你已经不是一个孩子了。take after“（在外表、举止、性格方面）像（某家庭成员）”，part with“放弃，交出，卖掉（贵重物品或难舍之物）”，compare with“与……相比；比得上，可与……相比”，depend on“依靠、依赖”。
【知识点】depend on/upon、动词短语辨析
44. 【答案】B
【解析】考查祈使句+or we will… 祈使句开头用动词原形，句意：快点，否则我们不能按时到达车站。Stay up“不睡觉，熬夜”，Hurry up“快点”，Give up“放弃；交出”，Put up“提供；建造；举起；推举，提名；供给……住宿”，所以选择 B。
【知识点】hurry up、动词辨析
45. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A.count 计算；B.choose 选；C.check 核对，检查；D.catch 赶上，接住。句意应该是核对一下他到达那里的时间。
【知识点】check、动词辨析
46. 【答案】C
【知识点】come true、动词短语辨析
47. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。A.想要，B.鼓励，C.预料，D.希望；根据句意“这真让我们吃惊，没有人料到他会如此棒”可知，要填“预料”，其它选项语意不通。故选：C。
【知识点】动词辨析、expect
48. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据 put，放；carry，携带；take，拿、带；throw，扔。句意：工作之后，Linda 通常会开车去她儿子的学校，然后把他接回家。
【知识点】动词辨析、take
49. 【答案】A
【解析】考查词组辨析。根据 put up，举起，张贴，搭建；put off，推迟；put on，穿上；put down，放下。句意：在 Jane 到家后，她把她最喜欢的明星照片挂在了墙上。
【知识点】put up、动词短语辨析
50. 【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语辨析、prepare (sb./sth. ) for sth.