2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-定语从句（含解析）

2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-定语从句
一、选择题
Everyone _____ has been to Zhangjiangjie says it is a beautiful place.
A．who B．which C．where
I can't find the book my mother bought me.
A．who B．when C．which D．what
Although Abing was a musician _____ had difficulties in his life, he never thought about giving up.
A．what B．who C．which
I don't like music _____ sounds too loud.
A．that B．what C．who D．whose
My grandparents still live in that old village _____ the local government has decided to keep.
A．which B．what C．who
Tamdrin (丁真) is a Tibetan man _____ became an Internet star overnight after a photographer posted a short video of him on Douyin.
A．which B．what C．whom D．who
The girl _____ you talked with at the school gale is our new maths teacher.
A．whose B．which C．whom D．what
It is when I have difficulties in study _____ my mother encourages me not to lose heart.
A．that B．who C．when D．which
—Do you know the girl _____ is giving the speech
—Of course. She is my best friend, Meimei.
A．Which B．who C．whom D．what
Have you read the book _____ is about the moon
A．what B．it C．/ D．which
Jim with his visitors _____ from Dalian _____ visiting the Great Wall.
A．who come; is B．whom is; is
C．which come; is D．that are; are
Carol is my best friend and I trust her most. She is the only person _____ knows my secret.
A．which B．who C．that D．what
—Have you found enough details of Jackie Chan _____ you can use for your report
—He is so famous that I've easily got plenty on the Internet.
A．where B．which C．what D．who
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
The photo _____ taken by my brother last week is very nice.
A．which were B．that is C．that were D．which was
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
The book _____ I read last night was fantastic.
A．that B．what C．whose D．who
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
—What kind of movies do you like —I like the movies _____ are about Chinese history.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
—Where did you go last week
—I went to Mo Yan's hometown and visited the house _____ he was born in.
A．that B．there C．who D．where
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
The photo _____ we like best was taken by Zhao Min.
A．who B．whom C．what D．which
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
一Why are you so worried
一I've lost the watch _____ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A．what B．who C．whose D．which
When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing _____ he did was to look for some food.
A．who B．which C．whom D．that
单项选择
—Have you got the information _____ you need for next week's speech
—Not yet. I'll ask my teacher for help at once.
A．what B．as C．which D．it
—Wow, museums, live music and malls—Chinese cities offer everything _____ a young person might want.
—But there are many young people who don't have time to enjoy these things.
A．what B．how C．which D．that
China is getting better at making hi-tech products _____ can be bought in all parts of the world.
A．who B．which C．what D．where
I will always remember the days _____ I spent with you in Hong Kong.
A．when B．on which C．on that D．that
WeChat is a kind of communication tool _____ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feelings freely.
A．which B．who C．whose D．/
A friend is someone _____ says, "What! You too I thought I was the only one!"
A．who B．which C．what D．whose
—What kind of music do you like
—I like music _____ I can dance to.
A．because B．when C．who D．that
Most students like the teachers _____ understand them well.
A．which B．who C．whom D．whose
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
（2013·广东湛江）
—Look! That is the woman _____ I met yesterday.
—Oh She is my aunt.
A．what B．who C．where D．when
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
—What kind of teachers do you like
—I like the teachers _____ are friendly to us.
A．who B．whom C．which D．whose
I still remember the college and the teachers _____ I visited in London years ago.
A．what B．who C．that D．which
—Why is Tom so sad
—He has lost his new bike _____ cost him 1,800 yuan.
A．who B．which C．whose D．where
This is the best film _____ I have ever seen.
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
单项选择
I don't want to make friends with those people _____ think of themselves first when in trouble.
A．who B．which C．those D．whom
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
The detective asked the woman to tell him everything _____ she saw when the accident happened.
A．that B．which C．how D．what
When we get together, we usually talk about the people and the things _____ we remember in the middle school.
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
We know the boy _____ is talking to the head teacher.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
Any person must have someone or something _____ moved him or her a lot during his or her lifetime.
A．who B．which C．that D．what
This is the question _____ we are talking about now.
A．that B．who C．where D．when
—Who is the girl _____ is making a telephone call
—Sorry，I don't know.
A．whose B．which C．whom D．that
This is the museum _____ we visited last year. Do you want to visit it again
A．that B．where C．what D．who
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
The story _____ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.
A．whose B．who C．that D．where
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
The reason _____ he gave for being late was _____ he overslept this morning.
A．why; that B．why; because
C．which; that D．which; because
I've got enough information about Wetland Day _____ is needed in my project.
A．which B．what C．when D．/
—Who got the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012
—It's Mo Yan _____ everybody knows so well in China.
A．who B．whose C．when D．which
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
The woman _____ is talking to the teacher is our new physics teacher.
A．which B．who C．whom D．what
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
—Lily likes watching the program _____ is called Running Man a lot
—So do I. Especially I like Deng Chao best.
A．which B．whose C．whom D．who
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
I want to visit a place _____ is famous for its scenery.
A．which B．where C．when D．who
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
Is that the car _____ you bought last month
A．that B．which C．one D．A and B
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
The prizes will be presented to those _____ win the photo competition.
A．which B．whose C．who D．whom
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
—Have you found the information about the famous people _____ you can use for the report —Not yet. I'll search some on the Internet.
A．who B．what C．whom D．which
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
WeChat is a powerful communication tool _____ can help people talk to friends, share photos and so on.
A．which B．who C．what D．when
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
(2016·攀枝花)The woman _____ is standing under the tree is my aunt.
A．what B．which C．who D．where
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
I want to see the movie Fantastic Beasts tonight to relax myself. The actor _____ a hero graduated from Cambridge University.
A．who play B．who plays C．which plays D．that play
The book _____ I borrowed from you yesterday is very interesting.
A．what B．that C．when D．who
答案
一、选择题（共55题）
1. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：每一个去过张家界的人都说它是一个美丽的地方。Everyone _____ has been to Zhangjiangjie 是一个定语从句，空格处需要填写定语从句的引导词。先行词是 everyone，指人，在定语从句中起主语作用，所以用引导词 who。
【知识点】who
2. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句的引导词。句意：我找不到妈妈给我买的那本书了。who在定语从句中，先行词是人，且在从句中作主语、宾语和表语；when在定语从句中作时间状语；which在定语从句中，先行词指物，且在从句中作主语和宾语；what不引导定语从句；先行词the book在从句中作宾语，故选C。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】which
3. 【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句引导词。Although Abing was a musician _____ had difficulties in his life，为 although 引导的让步状语从句，从句中_____ had difficulties in his life 为定语从句，修饰先行词 musician，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为人，且从句缺少主语，应用 who 引导，句意：虽然阿炳是一个生活中有困难的音乐家，但他从来没有想过要放弃。
【知识点】who
4. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：我不喜欢听起来太大声的音乐。
本题考查定语从句的关联词。that 的先行词是人或物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；what 不能引导定语从句；who 的先行词是人，在定语从句中做主语；whose 的先行词是人或物，在定语从句中做定语。本句的先行词是 music 是物，定语从句中缺主语。
【知识点】that
5. 【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我的祖父母还住在当地政府决定保留的那个老村庄里。这是一个含有定语从句的句子，定语从句的先行词是 village，在从句中做 keep 的宾语，因此要用关系代词 that 或 which。what 不能引导定语从句，who 指代的是人。
【知识点】which
6. 【答案】D
【知识点】who
7. 【答案】C
【知识点】whom
8. 【答案】A
【知识点】that
9. 【答案】B
【知识点】who
10. 【答案】D
【知识点】which
11. 【答案】A
【知识点】who
12. 【答案】C
【解析】后句句意：她是唯一知道我秘密的人。考查定语从句。先行词 person 指人，又因先行词前有 the only 最高级/ 序数词修饰时，关系词只能用 that，不能用 who。
【知识点】that
13. 【答案】B
【解析】根据句意：——你找到你可以用它来写报告的成龙的详细资料了吗？——他是如此著名，以至于我很容易在网上找到很多。可知考查定语从句的关系代词，先行词是 details，指物，关系代词用 which/ that。故选：B。
【知识点】which
14. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句。句意：我的弟弟上周拍的那张照片很漂亮。photo作为定语从句的先行词，且在从句中作主语，可用which或that引导；句中先行词为单数，从句时态为一般过去时，所以可填which was或that was。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】am/is/are的辨析、which、肯定句
15. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句。句意：我昨晚看的那本书棒极了。that 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人或事物，作主语或宾语；who 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人，作主语或宾语；whose 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人或事物，作定语；what 什么，不能引导定语从句。此处先行词The book是物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应该用that。
因此，正确答案是A。
【知识点】that
16. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是指示代词的用法。句意：——你喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那种关于中国历史的电影。which引导的定语从句，先行词为movies（物），关系代词指示的是从句的主语。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】which
17. 【答案】A
【知识点】that
18. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是关系代词的辨析。句意：我们最喜欢的那张照片是Zhao Min拍的。在定语从句中，who，whom均指人，；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句。本句中关系代词在从句中作主语，先行词为the photo。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】which
19. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句关系词辨析。句意：——你为什么这么担心吗？——我遗失了我爸爸在我生日那天给我买的手表。what 什么，不引导定语从句；who 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人，作主语或宾语；whose 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人或事物，作定语；which 关系代词，所指代的先行词是事物，作主语或宾语。先行词watch是物，作从句的宾语，故选D。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】which
20. 【答案】D
【知识点】that
21. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是对which引导的定语从句的用法。句意：——你准备好下周演讲需要的信息了吗？——还没，我有问题需要问老师。先行词为information，在从句中做宾语，因此，先行词用which。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】which
22. 【答案】D
【知识点】that
23. 【答案】B
【知识点】which
24. 【答案】D
【知识点】that
25. 【答案】A
【知识点】which
26. 【答案】A
【知识点】who
27. 【答案】D
【知识点】that
28. 【答案】B
【知识点】who
29. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是关系代词。句意：——看！那是我昨天遇到的女人。——哦？她是我姑姑。the woman是先行词，是人，用who引导定语从句。what 什么，where 哪里，when 什么时候。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】who
30. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查的是关系代词的辨析。句意：——你喜欢什么样的老师？——我喜欢对我们友好的老师。在定语从句中，who、whom、whose均可指人，分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。本句中先行词为the teachers，关系代词在从句中作主语。
因此，正确答案是A。
【知识点】who
31. 【答案】C
【知识点】that
32. 【答案】B
【解析】——汤姆为什么这么伤心？——他把花了 1800 元买的新自行车丢了。
根据题干，可知考查定语从句，先行词是 bike，指物，作主语。
【知识点】whose
33. 【答案】A
【知识点】that
34. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句的用法。句意：我不喜欢跟那些在有困难时首先考虑自己的人做朋友。先行词为those people，在从句中充当主语成分，因此用who来替代。
因此，正确答案是A。
【知识点】who
35. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句的关系代词。句意：侦探让那个女人告诉他事故发生时她所看到的一切。that在定语从句中，先行词即可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语；which在定语从句中，先行词指物，且在从句中作主语或宾语；what和how不引导定语从句；先行词为不定代词everything，指物，应用关系代词that引导。应选A。
因此，正确答案是A。
【知识点】只用that的情况
36. 【答案】A
【知识点】that
37. 【答案】A
【知识点】who
38. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是关系代词。句意：任何人在他/她的一生中都一定有某个人或是某件事使他/她大受感动。引导定语从句时，who的先行词是人，which的先行词是物，that的先行词既可以是人也可以是物；what 所......的事或物，不能引导定语从句。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】that
39. 【答案】A
【知识点】that
40. 【答案】D
【知识点】that
41. 【答案】A
【知识点】that
42. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句中关系词的辨析。句意：我在报纸上读的那篇新闻报道是关于青少年中的一个普遍问题。先行词是story，要用关系代词which或者that引导，在句中充当宾语。whose在定语从句中通常做定语；who引导定语从句先行词通常是人；where在定语从句中通常作状语。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】that
43. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句和表语从句。句意：他说他迟到的原因是今天早上睡过头了。why 关系副词，先行词是reason，在从句中作原因状语。which 关系代词，所指代的先行词是事物，作主语或宾语，“介词+which”有时可与相应的关系副词互换；此处先行词是reason，关系词作宾语，用which引导从句。that引导名词性从句无义，不充当句子成分；because 因为；此处使用that引导表语从句。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】表语从句、which
44. 【答案】A
【知识点】which
45. 【答案】A
【知识点】who
46. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句关系词辨析。句意：正在和老师说话的那个女人是我们的新物理老师。who 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人，作主语或宾语；whom 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人，作宾语；which 关系代词，所指代的先行词是事物，作主语或宾语；what ……的事情，……的话，什么，不引导定语从句。此处先行词是人woman，关系词在从句中作主语，故选用who。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】who
47. 【答案】A
【知识点】which
48. 【答案】A
【知识点】which
49. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是关系代词。句意：那辆是你上个月买的车吗？that 引导定语从句，先行词为物或人，且在从句中作主语或宾语，；which 引导定语从句，先行词为物，且在从句中作主语或宾语；one 一，一个，一件事物，代词，不能引导定语从句，此处先行词为car，在从句中作宾语。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】that、which
50. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句。句意：这些奖将颁给那些在摄影比赛中获胜的人。先行词是人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。which 指物，作主语或宾语；whose 指人或物，作定语；who 指人，作主语或宾语；whom 指人，作宾语。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】who
51. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是关系代词辨析。句意：——你找到关于你能用于报告的名人的信息了吗？——还没有，我去网上查找一些。who （代词），先行词为人；what 什么（代词）；whom ，who的宾格（代词），先行词为人；which，先行词为事物。先行词是information。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】which
52. 【答案】A
【知识点】which
53. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句的关系代词。句意：那个正站在树下的女人是我的阿姨。根据定语从句的先行词是the woman，在从句中充当主语，因此关系代词用who。选项A不用于定语从句；选项B在定语从句中指代的是物；选项D在定语从句中指代地点状语。
因此，正确的答案是C。
【知识点】who
54. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是定语从句。句意：我今晚想去看电影《神奇动物在哪里》，放松一下自己。扮演英雄的男演员毕业于剑桥大学。who 先行词是人，作主语或宾语；which 先行词是物，作主语；that 先行词可是人，也可是物，作主语或宾语；先行词是actor，且在定语从句中作主语，关系代词可用that或who，先行词是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，actor表人，故选B。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】不定式、动名词或从句、who
55. 【答案】B
【知识点】that