课件36张PPT。 作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词(或代词)之后，这种名词(或代词)被称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词被称为关系代词或关系副词。Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Period Four Grammar 课件（外研版必修3，天津专用）限制性定语从句一、关系代词的用法
关系代词及其在从句中所作的成分Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗？
He is the man( whom/ that)I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。
Can you show me the photo which/that was taken in the West Lake？你能让我看看在西湖拍的照片吗？
I'll never forget the day(which/that) we spent together.
我永远不会忘记我们在一起度过的日子。 I've become good friends with several of the students in my school________I met in the English speech contest last year.
A．who
B．where
C．when
D．which
解析 该空所填词引导定语从句，且在从句中作met的宾语，先行词指人，故关系词用who。
答案 A【单项填空】1． The old temple________roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.
A．where
B．which
C．its
D．whose
解析 句意：暴风雨中房顶被破坏的那座庙宇正在整修中。所填词引导定语从句，先行词是the old temple，关系词在从句中作roof的定语，且表示“谁的”，故用whose。
答案 D2． We'll never forget the day when the People's Republic of China was founded.
我们决不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。
The office where he works is on the second floor.
他工作的办公室在二楼。
The reason why he didn't come was unknown.
他没来的原因还不清楚。二、关系副词的用法—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?
—You should try the barber's________I go.It's only 15.
A．as B．which
C．where D．that
解析 句意：——你能相信我理一次发得花30美元吗？——你应该到我去的那家理发店试试，只需要15美元。the barber‘s是先行词，表示地点，从句中go是不及物动词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where。
答案 C
【单项填空】3． 三、关系代词用that不用which的情况I refuse to accept the blame for something________was someone else's fault.
A．who
B．that
C．as
D．what
解析 “that was someone else‘s fault”是定语从句，修饰先行词something，that在从句中作主语。
答案 B【单项填空】4． 关系代词的选定
如果先行词指事(物)，关系代词就用which，指人用whom。
This is the classroom in which we studied last year.
这就是我们去年学习用的教室。
There are sixty students in our class，twenty of whom are girls.我们班有六十名学生，其中二十 四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1． 介词的选定
(1)根据先行词来选用介词。
The reason for which I came here is that I want to get your help.我来这儿的原因是我想得到你的帮助。
The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look.我曾经工作过的农场呈现出一派新景象。2． (2)根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。
The person to whom I spoke just now is my English teacher.我刚才与之讲话的那个人是我的英语老师。
China is a beautiful country，of which we are greatly proud.中国是个美丽的国家，我们为之感到非常骄傲。
(3)根据句子的意思确定介词。
This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera.
这个就是我给他买照相机的飞行员。The newly-built cafe，the walls of________are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
A．that
B．It
C．what
D．which
解析 这里表示咖啡屋的墙，先行词为cafe，指物，且关系代词位于介词of(表示所属关系)后，故用which。
答案 D【单项填空】 5． Wind power is an ancient source of energy________we may return in the near future.
A．on which
B．by which
C．to which
D．from which
解析 考查“介词＋ which”引导定语从句的用法。由return to sth结构可知介词用to。
答案 C 6．
电视已经走入寻常百姓家，但是电视既有利又有弊。请根据下表中的内容，写一篇短文，谈一谈电视的利弊，并发表自己的观点。正反对比类议论文【写作任务】 【写作要求】
词数：120～150词
【写作分析】
第一步：认真审题
(1) 正反对比类议论文的表现形式是：先提出某个现象，然后进行正反两方面的论述，是一种限定性的写作，其论点、论据和论证相对比较简单。它要求同学们结合题目要求，从正反两个方面陈述各自的理由，要点要全面，层次要清晰，通常最后都要求简述自己的看法，来引发人们的思考。(2) 正反对比类议论文通常分成四段：第一段综述议论的内容；第二段表述正方观点及理由；第三段表达反方的观点及理由；第四段陈述自己的观点。
写作时态
(3)正反对比类议论文一般是同一时态，对当前某种观点的议论用一般现在时，对过去讨论的阐述要用一般过去时，最后在表达自己的观点时，要用一般现在时。第二步：提炼要点
1．keep up to date
2．a marvelous educational tool
3．a very good companion
4．become passive
5．have a bad self-view
6．a waste of time
7．in conclusion
8．a very useful thing
9．has a very negative effect on1．You can keep up to date with what is going on in the world, learn about history, nature, geography and science in the comfort of your own home.
2．It is a marvelous educational tool.
3．It is also a very good companion for people who live alone or are ill.
4．It makes people become very passive—they get all their experience of life second-hand instead of doing it themselves.第三步：扩点成句5．It presents images of a world that most people can never attain, so people have a bad self-view.
6．It prevents people reading and talking. Much of what is shown is a complete waste of time.
7．In conclusion, I think that, used correctly, TV can be a very useful thing to have in the home, but used badly it has a very negative effect on people.【参考范文】
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Television
Television can be wonderful, if used correctly. You can keep up to date with what is going on in the world, learn about history, nature, geography and science in the comfort of your own home. It is a marvelous educational tool. It also provides entertainment in the form of films, plays, shows and soaps which appeal to a wide range of viewers. It is also a very good companion for people who live alone or are ill.However, there are also serious disadvantages to the TV. It makes people become very passive—they get all their experience of life second－hand instead of doing it themselves. It presents images of a world that most people can never attain, so people have a bad self-view. It prevents people reading and talking. Much of what is shown is a complete waste of time.
In conclusion, I think that, used correctly, TV can be a very useful thing to have in the home, but used badly it has a very negative effect on people.【亮点展示】
1．文章用了对比的手法展开，先说电视的好处，再说电视的弊端，最后发表自己的观点，结构鲜明，思路清晰。
2．文章用了大量的短语，如keep up to date，in the form of，a wide range of，in conclusion, have a very negative effect on...
3．文章恰如其分地运用了一些过渡性的词语，如however，in conclusion等，使文章读来流畅，过渡自然。正反对比类议论文常用词汇：
(1)对某一观点作进一步论证时，可用what's more/besides/ in addition/ furthermore/ moreover等过渡词。
(2) 提出多个论据时，可用First...Second...Third...
(3) 进行相似的比较时可用in comparison; likewise, similarly, in the same matter等。
(4) 进行相反的比较是可用on the other hand, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast; on the contrary; compared to/with等。【写作模板】正反对比类议论文常用句型：
(1)Last week, we had a discussion about whether...
(2)There are two different opinions about...
(3)Some think that...，but others say/consider that...
(4)Some students are for/agree to it, while/but others are against/disagree to it.
(5)On one hand，...on the other hand...
(6)Generally (speaking), more students think we should...
(7) First，...Second, ...Finally，...
(8)Besides/In addition/Also/Apart from it，...
(9)As a result，...Therefore，...
(10)I have my own view about...导入：第1段
Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should...(导入话题)
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
正文：
第2段：Most of the students are in favor of it.(正方观点)
Here are the reasons. First...Second...Finally...(列出2～3个赞成的理由)第3段：However, the others are strongly against it.(反方观点)
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place...What's more...In addition...(列出2～3个反对的理由)
结论：第4段
Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more than harm good, so I support it.(个人观点) 根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后根据逻辑关系推断生词词义或大致义域。
1．根据对比关系猜测词义
(1)在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比的
描述，我们可以根据生词或难词的相反意义猜测其词义。
如：
Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His
brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.猜词秘诀之二【分析】 上面句子中supercilious是个生词，但是句中的短语in contrast(对比起来)提示我们supercilious和后面的词组humble and modest(谦恭的，谦虚的)是对比关系。分析出这种关系后，我们便能猜出supercilious意为“自负的，傲慢的”。(2)表示对比关系的词语主要有unlike，not，but，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast和while等。如：
A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.
【分析】 该句中并未出现上面提到的表示对比关系的词语，但是通过上下文可以判断出the adept workers和the unskilled ones是对比关系，即把熟练工人与非熟练工人区分开。这时我们也能够推断出生词adept的词义，即“熟练的”。根据比较关系猜测词义
Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious
【分析】 该句中的副词similarly表明loves to talk与生词loquacious之间是比较关系。由此可以推断出loquacious的词义为”健谈的”。表示比较关系的词语主要有similarly, like, just as, also等。2． 根据因果关系猜测词义
在句子或段落中，若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推断生词词义。如：
Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.
【分析】 根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以推断出生词autocratic，表示“独断专行的”。
There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd.3． 【分析】 此句含有so.…that引导的结果状语从句，根据句中的描述”有那么多示威者”，我们便可推知elbow的词义为”挤，挤过”。
根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义
在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境推断生词词义。如：
Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.
4． 【分析】 为避免重复使用endanger 一词，句子中使用了其同义词jeopardize来替代它，由此可推知其词义为“使……陷入困境，危及，危害”。
Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful.
【分析】 句中detrimental是个生词，但根据harmful和detrimental的替代关系，我们不难推断出其词义为“不利的，有害的”。 课件52张PPT。 ①China held the world's leading position in many fields in the study of nature, from the 1st century before Christ to the 15th century，with the four great inventions having the greatest global significance(重要性)．The Four Great Inventions of ancient China Papermaking，printing，gunpowder and the compass－the four great inventions of ancient China－are significant contributions of the Chinese nation to world civilization.
Chinese legend tells that the new invention of paper was presented to The Emperor in the year 105 AD by Cai Lun. Historical evidence，however，shows that paper was in use two hundred years before then. Either way, the Chinese were greatly ahead of the rest of the world. Papermaking(造纸)The craft (工艺) of papermaking relied upon an abundance(丰富) of bamboo fiber to produce a find quality paper.In ancient China, the papermaker uses only the traditional materials and methods to produce fine art paper.
Bi Sheng invented moveable type (活字) of printing in the year 1045 AD, three hundred years ahead of Europe, which furthered Chinese technology and its role in the advancement of human civilization.
Printing(印刷) Imagine their enemy's surprise when the Chinese first demonstrated(展示) their newest invention in the eighthcentury AD.
Chinese scientists discovered that an explosivemixture could be produced by combining sulfur(硫磺) ，charcoal(木炭), and saltpeter(硝石). The military uses were clear. New weapons were rapidly developed，including rockets and others that were launched from a bamboo tube. Once again, the raw materials at hand, like bamboo, contributed ideas for new technologies.Gunpowder(火药) By the third century AD, Chinese scientists had studied and learned much about magnetism (磁) in nature. They learned to “make magnets” by heating pieces of ore(铁矿石) to red hot temperatures and then cooling the pieces in a North/ South position.② The magnet was then placed on a piece of reed(芦笛) and floated in a bowl of water marked with directional bearings(方向)．Those first navigational(航海的) compasses were widely used on Chinese ships by the eleventh century AD.Compass(指南针)1．佳句仿写一二三
①英语课以全体合唱一首英语歌而结束。(with＋宾语＋宾语
补足语)
.
②他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。 (过去分词短语作定语)
.
2．翻译佳句，放眼高考
Imagine their enemy's surprise when the Chinese first
demonstrated(展示) their newest invention in the eighth
century AD.
， 。The English class ended with all singing an English song He is a teacher loved by his students当中国人在公元八世纪第一次展示他们最新的发明的时候可以想象到敌人的惊讶Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Period One Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary 课件（外研版必修3，天津专用）Ⅰ.单词识记
1．________adj.平等的，相等的
2．___________n．重要性；重要
4．________n．善良
5．________n．秩序 equal importance kindness order 6．_________n．原则；准则
7．________n．职位，地位；位置
8．________v．强调
9．________v．辞职；委托
10．__________adj.有影响的principle position stress resign influentialⅡ.短语天地
1．________________与……相似
2．________________人之初，性本善
3．________________与……交战
4．________________养育，抚养
5．follow one's advice________________
6．become famous for________________
7．in some ways________________
8．as a result________________be similar to be born good be at war withbring up 采纳某人的建议 因……而出名 在某些方面 结果 句型搜索
Treat others in the way you want to be treated.
[信息提取] the way表示“……的方式”，后面常接定语从句，引导词用that，in which或不用引导词。
[例句仿写] 我不喜欢你给父母说话的方式。
__________________________________________ Ⅲ. 1． I don't like the way (in which / that)
you speak to your teachers.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
[信息提取] ...a time when... “一个……的时期”。其中when引导定语从句。
[例句仿写] 曾经一段时间孩子们讨厌上学。
_________________________________________________2． There was a time when children hated to go to school.Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius.
[信息提取] whose引导定语从句，修饰a thinker。those在此处用作替代词，替代前面出现的teachers。
[例句仿写] 红色光线的波长(wave)约为蓝色波长的两倍。
____________________________________________ 3． Waves of red light are about twice as long as those
of blue light.Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
[信息提取] the reason why...is that...是一个固定句式，意为“……原因是……”。
[例句仿写] 没有人相信汤姆哭的原因是他妈妈拿走了他的玩具。
______________________________________________________ 4． No one believed the reason why Tom cried was that his mum
took away his toy.预读理解
Fast Reading：Scan the text and choose the best answers according to the text.
What is the main idea of Confucius according to the passage?
A．Kindness，duty and order in society are very important.
B．Governments are more important than its people.
C．All men are created equal.
D．All men are born good.Ⅳ. 1． (1) What was the possible relationship between Confucius and Mencius?
A．Teachers and students.
B．Mencius was the follower of Confucius's idea.
C．They all worked for the same state.
D．Nothing related at all.(2) In which way was Mozi's idea the same as that of Confucius?
A．Men should be kind.
B．Men were born equal.
C．Government should be more emphasized than its people.
D．People were more important than the government.
In Mencius's opinions，which was the most important，the government，the ruler or the people?
A．Government. B．Ruler.
C．People. D．Not mentioned.(3) (4)What is the similarity of the three philosophers in ancient China according to the passage?
A．They were all born good.
B．They all wrote their own poor.
C．They all traveled from state to state.
D．Their philosophies all influenced China for a long time.
答案 (1)A (2)B (3)C (4)C (5)D(5)Careful Reading：Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.2．答案 (1)at war with (2)stressed the importance of (3)were very similar to (4)brought up (5)position (6)following his advice (7)resigned (8)influential (9)similar to (10)equalequal
(1)adj.相等的，相当的；胜任的
All men are created equal. 人人生而平等。
We are of equal weight. 我们的体重相同。
I'm not equal to the task. 我不能胜任这项任务。
(2)v.等于；比得上
No one equals him in strength. 论力气，无人能和他相比。
(3)n.和自己相当的人或物
In writing she had no equal. 在写作方面她没有对手。1． 【归纳拓展】
(1)equal sb/ sth in...在……方面比得上……；在……方面与……相匹敌
(2)be equal to 与……平等/相等
be equal to (doing)sth胜任(做)某事
without equal无敌；无与伦比
(3)equally adv.同样地；相等地
equality n．平等【完成句子】
①1磅约等于500克。
A pound is roughly 500 grams.
②在英语方面没有人能同他相比。
Nobody him English.
③他能胜任管理办公室的工作。
He running the office.equal toequalsinis equal tostress
(1)vt.强调；施压于；使紧张
The English teacher stressed the importance of reading aloud. 英语老师强调了朗读的重要性。
I must stress that we haven't much time.
我必须强调我们没有多少时间了。
(2)n.强调；压力；重音
She lay great stress on proper behavior.
她很强调行为端庄。
Susan was completely weighed down by the stress of exams. 苏珊完全被考试的压力压垮了。 2． 【归纳拓展】
(1)under the stress of在……压力下
lay/place/put stress on sth强调……
stress the importance of...强调……的重要性
(2)stressful adj.充满压力的；紧张的
【完成句子】
①老师反复强调考试的重要性。
The teacher the importance of exam again and again.
②有些年轻人在现代生活的压力下过着艰难的生活。
Some young people live a hard life the modern life.stressed /put/placed stress onunder the stress oforder
(1)n.秩序，次序；有条理
The police kept order.警察维持秩序。
Look！Everything is in good order.
瞧！一切都井然有序。
You should put the book on the desk in order.
你应该整理一下桌上的书。
(2)n.命令，指令；定购；订单
Do you wish to place an order for some tea with me now?
你现在想跟我订购些茶吗？
He gave orders that they should go home at once.
他命令他们立刻回家。3． (3)v.命令，指令；定购
The doctor ordered that she (should) take a good rest.＝The doctor ordered her to take a good rest.
医生吩咐她好好休息。
He ordered his son a new suit.＝He ordered a new suit for his son.他为儿子订购了一套新衣服。 【归纳拓展】
(1)in order井然有序；适宜的
out of order紊乱的；出故障的
keep order维持秩序
place an order for sth with (sb)和(某人)订购某物
give/take orders下达/接受命令
(2)order sb to do sth命令某人做某事
order that...(should)＋动词原形 命令……
order sb sth＝order sth for sb为某人订购……【温馨提醒】
order作动词用时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语要用should＋ do或省略should。作名词用，表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。
His order is that we (should) not leave until he returns.他的命令是他回来我们才能走。He was as busy as a bee trying to put the house________.
A．in the order
B．in an order
C．in order
D．in orders
解析 句意：他为了把家里弄整齐，忙了好一阵子。in order是固定搭配，意为“整齐，整洁，井然有序”。
答案 C【单项填空】①He telephoned the travel agency to________three air tickets to London.
A．order
B．arrange
C．take
D．book
解析 考查动词辨析。句意：他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。B、C不符合语境，故排除；order 指“订货，要求提供服务”；book可指“订票，订座”。故选D。
答案 D②influential adj.有很大影响的
Those facts were influential in solving the problem.
那些事实对解决问题有很大的影响。
Our newspaper is an influential newspaper in this city.
我们的报纸在本市具有很大的影响。
【归纳拓展】
influence vt.影响n.影响力，有影响的人
have an influence on/upon对……有影响
under the influence of在……的影响下
influence sb to do sth 影响某人做某事4． 【单项填空】
Over-heating development might have bad________on the national economy, while few people can be aware of how________it may be.
A．cause；influential B．influence；influential
C．result；influence D．factor；influence
解析 第一个空为固定搭配have bad influence on sth “对……有坏的影响”，第二个空为形容词influential作表语，故选B。
答案 Bbe at war with
How long have they been at war with each other?
他们互相交战多长时间了？
The country has been at war with its neighbour for two years. 这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。
1． 【归纳拓展】
at＋名词表示“正在进行”或“从事”或“处于某种状态”，常见类似的短语：
at dinner/ table 在吃饭 at ease 安心 at school 在上学
at lunch 在吃午饭 at work 在工作 at rest 在休息 at sea 出海；茫然，不知所措 at peace处于和平状态
①当别人在工作时，不要吵闹。
Don't make any noise while others are .
②那时我国正与日本交战。
At that time our country was Japan.at workat war with【完成句子】【单项填空】
③Wouldn't it be________wonderful world if all nations live
in________peace with one another?
A．a；/
B．the；/
C．a；the
D．the；the
解析 a wonderful world 一个多彩的世界；live in peace 和
平相处。
答案 Abring up 教育，抚养(孩子)；提出(议题等)；呕吐
I was brought up by my aunt. 我是我姑姑抚养长大的。
Why don't you bring this up at the meeting?
你何不在会上提出这个问题？
He was so ill that he brought up everything.
他病得很厉害，什么都吐出来了。2． 【归纳拓展】
bring about 引起，导致
bring along 随身携带
bring back 带回
bring_in 吸引；引进；赚得
bring down 降低；减少用bring短语完成句子
①His new suggestion was brought at the meeting.
②What brought the change in his attitude?
③The photographs brought many pleasant memories.
④I tried to get them to bring the price of the TV set.upaboutbackdownTreat others in the way you want to be treated.已所不欲，勿施于人。
本句way意为“方式；方法”，在句中作先行词；如果先行词在定语从句中作状语，那么可以用that或in which来引导，that或in which也可以省略。
Would you like to perform once again the way( in which/that)you climbed up the high tree?
你愿意再给我演示一遍你是怎样爬上那棵高树的吗？ 1． 【温馨提醒】
如果way(方式) 后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，引导词用that/ which。
I finished the joy in the way (that/ which)he told me.
我用他告诉我的方法完成了这项工作。【单项填空】
What surprised me was not what he said but________he said it.
A．the way
B．in the way that
C．in the way
D．the way which
解析 the way在题干中作表语，he said it为定语从句，引导词that/ in which已省去，that/ in which在从句中作状语。
答案 ABut it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.但那也是一个哲学家云集的时期。
本句中的a time表示“一段时期”，后面接定语从句时，常用when或介词＋which引导定语从句，译为“一个……的时期”。
We all remember the time when we lived in the countryside.我们都记得我们生活在农村的那段时光。2． 【归纳拓展】
(1)There is /was a time when...有一段时间……
(2)It(That/This) is/was the first(second，third...)time that...这是第一次(第二次，第三次……)……，that 引导定语从句，并且that 可以省略。当主句用一般现在时，从句用现在完成时；当主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时。
It is the first time that I have seen such a big watermelon.
这是我第一次见这么大的西瓜。
It was the second time that I had been to Europe.
那是我第二次去欧洲。【温馨提醒】
当时间名词为先行词时，如果从句的引导词在从句中作状语，则引导词用when(介词＋which)，如果从句的引导词在从句中作宾语、表语等，引导词用which或that。The moment________Tom will never forget is________Mr. Green gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.
A．that；when
B．that；that
C．when；that
D．when；where
解析 第一空用that, that引导定语从句，同时在从句中作宾语；第二空用when，when 引导表语从句，同时在从句中作时间状语。
答案 A【单项填空】① It is the first time we________a film in the cinema together as a family.
A．see
B．had seen
C．saw
D．have seen
解析 在It is the first/second...time that 从句中that从句中谓语动词用现在完成时态。句意为：这是我们全家人第一次一起到电影院看电影。
答案 D②Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 孟子认为人之所以不同于动物是因为人是向善的。
本句中the reason why...is that...是一个固定句式，意为“……原因是……”，其中why引导的定语从句，that引导的是表语从句。
The reason why I didn't attend the party was that I was too busy. 我没有参加宴会，因为我太忙了。3． 【温馨提醒】
(1)reason作先行词被定语从句修饰时，引导定语从句的关系词要根据定语从句中所缺的成分确定。定语从句缺原因状语，使用why/ for which；定语从句中缺主语、宾语。定语从句应使用that或which，作宾语时也可以省略。
(2) The reason...is that...其中that引导表语从句，不能换用because。【归纳拓展】
(1) This/That is because...这/那是因为……(because 引导表语从句，从句内容表原因)
He was late，and that's because the car was held up in the traffic rush.
他迟到了，那是因为他的车被困在交通高峰中了。
(2) This/That is why...这/那是……的原因 (why引导表语从句，从句内容表结果)
The car was held up in the traffic rush, and that is why he was late.
他的车被困在交通高峰中了，这就是他迟到的原因．【单项填空】
Betty didn't attend the important conference.That's________
she hadn't been informed of it.
A．why B．the reason
C．because D．for
解析 从行文逻辑关系可判断出，前一句是结果，后一句是原因，所以该表语从句由because引导。
答案 C课件15张PPT。Ⅰ.单词识记
__________ n．条件
Ⅱ.短语天地
1．________________第一次
2．____________________________在艰苦拥挤的环境中Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Period Three Cultural Corner 课件（外研版必修3，天津专用）conditionfor the first time in poor and crowded conditions句型搜索
With the Industrial Revolution，factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time.
[信息提取] 介词短语with the Industrial Revolution作原因状语，with表示“随着，由于”。
[例句仿写] 佳酿越陈越醇。
______________________________ Ⅲ.Good wine will improve with age.预读理解
What's the result of the “Industrial Revolution”？
A．Farming began to develop.
B．People began to move from the city to the country.
C．People began to work in factories.
D．Towns and cities came into being.Ⅳ. 1． Which of the following is the key factor in the “Industrial Revolution”？
A．Factories.
B．Mass production.
C．The increase of towns and cities.
D．The invention of the steam engine.2． It seemed that________were powerful before the “Industrial Revolution”．
A．farmers
B．land owners
C．factory owners
D．workers
答案 1.C 2.D 3.B 3． condition n．状况，条件，环境
The car is in very good condition. 这辆车的状况不错。
The miners there worked in terrible conditions.
那里的矿工们在极其恶劣的环境中工作。
You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat.
你要穿上外衣才能出去。【归纳拓展】
(1)be in a．..condition在……状况下
be in condition状况良好
be out of condition情况很糟；身体不适
(2)on...condition 在……条件下
on condition (that)条件是……
on no condition决不；绝不
(3)conditions n．(生活或工作的)条件；环
【温馨提醒】
condition 意为“状况，状态”时，通常用作不可数名词；意为“形势，环境”时，通常用作可数名词，并常以复数形式出现。【完成句子】
①因为他身体不好，他无法出去郊游。
He couldn't go out for an outing, for he was
.
②你决不能把发生的事情告诉他。
You must tell him what happened.
③只要这个星期天还给我，我就把这本书借给你。
I will lend you the book you return it to
me this Sunday.in poor conditionon no conditionon condition thatfor the first time 第一次
This summer I'll go to Beijing for the first time.
今年暑假，我将第一次去北京。
Where was the Cup held for the first time?
第一次世界杯是在哪里举行的？
【比较网站】 for the first time/the first time【选词填空】(for the first time/the first time)
①We fell in love we met each other.
②We had a quarrel two years after our
marriage.the first timefor the first timeI thought her nice and honest________I met her.
A．first time
B．for the first time
C．the first time
D．by the first time
解析 for the first time只能单独作状语，不能用作连词。此处用the first time引导时间状语从句，故选C。
答案 C【单项填空】③With the Industrial Revolution，factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time. 随着工业革命的发展，工厂出现了，产品的批量生产第一次成了可能。
介词短语with the Industrial Revolution作原因状语，with 表示“随着，由于”。He was absent with cold.他因感冒而缺席。
We all jumped with great joy at the good news.
一听到这个好消息，我们都高兴得跳了起来。
With the development of industry and agriculture, people's living standards are becoming higher and higher.
随着工农业的发展，人们的生活水平越来越高。
【归纳拓展】
as也可表示“随着”，但它是连词，其后要跟句子。,比较：With years going by，he became an old man with grey hair.,As years went by，he became an old man with grey hair.几年过去了，他成了一位头发花白的老人。 用两种表达完成句子(as/with)
① (随着春天的临近)，trees become green and birds begin to sing.
② (随着英语的广泛使用)，learning English is a must for young people.With spring coming near/As spring comes nearWith the wide use of English/As English is widely used课件25张PPT。Ⅰ.单词识记
1．________n．诚实，老实
2．________ n．公正，公理
3．____________ n．捐献，贡献；捐献的钱物
4．________vt.发明 Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Period Two Vocabulary and Listening；Everyday English；Function；Speaking and Writing 课件（外研版必修3，天津专用）honesty justice contribution invent 5．________adj.柔软的，温和的
6．________n．范畴；种类
7．__________n．争论；辩论
8．________n．自由soft category argument freedomⅡ.短语天地
1．________________为……自豪
2．________________乘汽车
3．________________坐火车
4．________________总之
5．for the first time________________
6．tell the time________________
7．to give an example________________be proud of by car take a train in conclusion 第一次 报时；说出时间 举个例子句型搜索
I think fridges are more important than cans because fridges can keep meat fresh.
[信息提取] keep＋ 宾语＋宾语补足语。
[例句仿写] 我们应保持教室整齐干净。
____________________________________ ____ Ⅲ.1． We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century，and were no faster than a horse.
[信息提取] no＋ 形容词比较级＋than “……和……都不”。
[例句仿写] John和Tom都不好。
___________________________________ 2． John is no better than Tom.contribution n．贡献；捐款；投稿
People remember him for his contributions to the country.人们因为他对国家的贡献而记住他。
He has made great contributions to the development of our country. 他对我们国家的发展作出了巨大的贡献。
Will you give us some contributions? 你能给我们投稿吗？1．【归纳拓展】
(1)make a contribution to (doing) sth 对……做出贡献
(2) contribute v．贡献；捐赠；有助于
contribute...to...向……捐赠；向……投稿
contribute to sth促成某事
①他对天空发展计划有很大的贡献。
He has space development.
②他捐了很多钱给慈善机构。
He the charity.
③适度的运动有益健康。
A proper amount of exercise good health. made great contributions tocontributed a lot of money tocontributes to【完成句子】invent v．发明；创造；编造
Do you know who invented computers?
你知道谁发明的电脑吗？
He invented an excuse for being late.
他为迟到编造了一个理由。 2． 【比较网站】 invent/discover/createargument n．争论，辩论
After a heated argument，they finally reached an agreement.经过激烈的争论，他们最终达成了一致。
The students had an argument with their teachers about their uniforms.
学生们就校服问题与老师们进行了一场辩论。
3． 【选词填空】(discover/invent/create)
①Who the telephone in 1876?
②A new kind of animal was in Guangxi Province last
year.
③He is a musician and likes music.
④It's known to us all that the Chinese first the
compass.inventeddiscoveredcreatinginvented【归纳拓展】
(1)have an argument with sb about/over sth就某事与某人争论
(2)argue v．争论，辩论；说服；认为
argue with sb about/over sth就某事与……争论
argue against 反驳
argue for 赞成；为……而力争【单项填空】
They argued ________the matter the whole afternoon, and at last agreed ________the date for the next morning.
A．with; with B．on; over
C．about; on D．over; over
解析 argue over/about sth“就某事争吵”；agree on sth“就某事达成一致意见”。
答案 Cbe proud of 为……自豪
Zhan Tianyou is a man whom China can be proud of.
詹天佑是一位能让中国人为之自豪的人。
We are proud of our success.
我们为自己的成功感到骄傲。
【归纳拓展】
(1)be proud to do 为(能)做……自豪
be proud that...为……自豪
(2)take pride in为……自豪1． 【单项填空】
In the 29th Olympic Games appeared a lot of brilliant Chinese athletes who won gold medals and________we were proud.
A．of whom B．in whom
C．of which D．for whom
解析 句意：第29届奥运会上涌现出了许多杰出的中国运动健儿，他们赢得了金牌，我们为他们自豪。of whom在此引导定语从句，of可以通过proud来确定，be proud of “为……自豪”。
答案 Ain conclusion总之，最后
In conclusion，I can't thank you enough.
总之，我怎样感谢你都不为过。
In conclusion，I‘d like to say how much I enjoyed staying here. 最后，我想说我在这里过得有多么愉快。
【归纳拓展】
(1)arrive at/reach a conclusion 得出结论
make a conclusion下结论
(2)conclude v．结束；下结论；推断2． 【单项填空】
①The conclusion they________at the meeting is satisfactory.
A．got to
B．arrived in
C．reached
D．draw
解析 句意：他们在会上得出的结论是令人满意的。come to/arrive at/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论，they reached at the meeting为定语从句，D项时态有误。
答案 C________，I'd like to say how much I've enjoyed staying in your beautiful country.
A．As a result
B．In common
C．In conclusion
D．In turn
解析 句意：最后，我想说待在你们这个美丽的国家我很愉快。in conclusion“总之，最后”，符合语境。
答案 C②I think fridges are more important than cans because fridges can keep meat fresh.我认为冰箱比金属灌重要，因为冰箱能保持肉的新鲜。
本句中keep meat fresh是“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，其中keep是使役动词，意为“使……处于某种状态”，宾补可由形容词、副词、介词短语、分词充当。
Don't keep me waiting for too long.
别让我等太久。(现在分词)
We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.
我们应该保持教室的干净和整洁。(形容词)1． You'd better keep the child away from the fire.
你最好让孩子离炉火远一点儿。(副词短语)
The bad weather keeps us inside the house.
坏天气使我们不能出门。(介词短语)
Some students in the class keep their eyes closed.
班上一些同学闭着眼睛。(过去分词)
【翻译句子】
①别让我等太久。
. Don't keep me waiting for too longYou'll surely see your improvement if you keep your attention________to your study.
A．paying
B．paid
C．pays
D. being paid
解析 题干中的keep意为“使……保持(某一状态)”，又因为attention与pay之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词paid。
答案 B【单项填空】②Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century，and were no faster than a horse. 人们最早使用汽车是在19世纪末，而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马快。
本句为and连接的并列句，其中no faster than“和……一样不快”，相当于as slowly as。“no＋比较级＋than”这一结构，否定两者，含义是“前者跟后者一样不……”。
She has no more books than him. 她的书和他的一样少。
I'm no richer than a beggar. 我穷得像个乞丐。 2． 【归纳拓展】
(1)not＋比较级＋than 表示“前者不比后者更……”
The question is not more difficult than that one.
这个问题不如那个难。
(2)no more than(＝ only) 仅仅，只有
not more than(＝ at most) 至多；不超过
I have no more than five yuan.我只有五元钱。
I have not more than five yuan.我有不到五元钱。
①他们和我都不聪明。
.
②他和他的哥哥都不细心。
.
③他没有他姐姐学习用功。
.They are no cleverer than IHe is no more careful than his brotherHe is not more hard-working than his sister【翻译句子】
