课件35张PPT。Ⅰ.非限制性定语从句
一、非限制定语从句
1．概念：非限制性定语从句用来对先行词作补充说明。没有它，主句也能独立存在；非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切，它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。Module 6 Old and New Period Four Grammar：Non-defining attributive clauses & Contraction of attributive clauses课件（外研版必修3，课标通用）He has two sisters, who are working in the city.
他有两个姐姐，她们在这个城市里工作。
This is the place, where he lived for ten years.
这就是那个地方，他在这儿住了十年之久。 2．非限制性定语从句的引导词We have two spare rooms upstairs, neither of which has been used in the past three years.
我们楼上有两间空房，过去三年里都没用过。
He was too careless, which resulted in his failure in the exam.他太粗心了，因此考试没及格。3．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别The children who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.
想踢足球的那些孩子因为下雨而感到失望。
The children, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.
那些孩子想踢足球，但因为下雨他们感到失望。 as引导非限制性定语从句时，可以指代主句的全部或部分内容。常表说话人关于说话的依据、态度、评论、看法等。有“正如、像”等意思。定语从句可以置于主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect，know，report，say，see等动词。
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 众所周知，月球每月绕地球一次。
He wasn't unconscious, as could be judged from his eyes.
他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判断出来。二、as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别1． which引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的全部或部分内容时，常表事实、状态、起因等，有“这就使得、这一点”等意思，常置于主句末，主句与定语从句用逗号分开。
Dorathy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, which, of course, made the others unhappy.
Dorathy经常高调谈论她在戏剧中的角色，这当然使得其他人不高兴。2． After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling，________turned out to be a wise decision.
A．that
B．which
C．when
D．where
解析 考查非限制性定语从句。引导词在句中作主语，排除C、D两项；that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故本题选B。
答案 B【单项填空】1． As a child，Jack studied in a village school，________is named after his grandfather.
A．which
B．where
C．what
D．that
解析 考查非限制性定语从句，因句中缺主语，所以只有which正确。答案为A。
答案 A2． ________I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
A．Which B．That
C．As D．What
解析 句意：正如我在电话中所解释的，你的要求将在下次会议上给予考虑。as在句中引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，先行词为整个主句，故用as。which引导非限制性定语从句时，从句不能位于句首。
答案 C3． 如果含有定语从句的复合句很复杂，为了表意清晰，可以把定语从句进行简化。
关系代词的省略
关系代词who，whom，that，which在限制性定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。
The man (that/who/whom)I met on the street is my old friend.我在街上遇见的那个人是我的老朋友。
注意：关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词位于句尾时，关系代词可以省略，但关系代词紧跟在介词后面作宾语时，不能省略。1． Ⅱ.定语从句的简化 This is the girl (whom) he worked with./This is the girl with whom he worked.这是曾与他一起工作过的女孩。
将定语从句变为非谓语动词
(1)定语从句转换成不定式短语
He is a good comrade with whom you can work.
→He is a good comrade to work with.
他是一个很好共事的同志。2． (2)定语从句转换成现在分词短语
The people who are living in the village have moved to other places.
→The people living in the village have moved to other places.
住在这个村庄里的人已经搬到其他地方了。
(3)定语从句转换成过去分词短语
I have heard the report which was made by Professor Wang.
→I have heard the report made by Professor Wang.
我已听过王教授做的报告。I'm calling to require about the position________in yesterday's China Daily.
A．advertised B．to be advertised
C．advertising D．having advertised
解析 过去分词短语advertised in yesterday‘s China Daily在句中作后置定语，相当于which/that was advertised in yesterday’s China Daily, advertise与the position为动宾关系，且advertise这个动作已经完成。
答案 A【单项填空】4．
假设你是李华，在一所中学读书。最近收到美国朋友Smith先生的来信。他三年前参观过你们学校，听说现在变化很大，希望了解有关情况。请你根据下面的汉语提示，给他回一封电子邮件，介绍你们学校的变化。
三年前：一座教学楼，一个操场。如何写英文e-mail【写作任务】 1．校园扩建，新建起了一座教学楼和一座图书馆，内有音乐
室、美术室、微机房等，体育设备齐全；
2．学生人数：从1 000增加到2 000；
3．绿化了校园。
【写作要求】
词数：120左右
【写作分析】
第一步：认真审题
英文e-mail和书信的写法及格式大体相同，但也有不同之处。现状：称谓和开头：电子邮件一般使用非正式文体，一般以Dear...或My dear...开头。而在e-mail中，如果是同学间或亲朋好友间的邮件，可以直呼其名，以逗号结束；但如果是发给老师、长辈或上级，最后在称呼前加上称谓或职位，男性用Mr.；女性用Miss(未婚)，Mrs.(已婚)，Ms(不知婚否)；职位可用Doctor，Professor，Comrade等，如Professor Li。1． 正文：e-mail大多篇幅短小，语言简单明了。如果是写给不熟悉的人，一般要先进行自我介绍，反之，则可直接进入正题。要多使用短句、简单句、少用或不用长句，这样不但能便于阅读，而且也可以使意思更清楚明了。如果内容很长的话，可就重点部分作简单介绍，而把详细内容以“附件”的方式发出。在高考中，要按照试 题的内容要求来写，最重要的是表达要有条理，语言要准确。2． 结束语：首字母要大写，其后用逗号。通常结束语为：Yours sincerely/truly/faithfully，Sincerely/Truly/Faithfully yours，Yours(ever)等。
签名：在结束语下面附上写邮件的人的名字。除了对亲人或好友外，必须写全姓名。3． 4． 第二步：提炼要点
1．hear from
2．take place
3．used to
4．in use
5．a new classroom building
6．the library
7．be equipped with
8．the number of
9．plant trees第三步：扩点成句
1．I was pleased to hear from you and I am writing to tell you something about my school.
2．Great changes have taken place in my school in the past three years.
3．It is no longer what it used to be three years ago，when there was only a teaching building and a playground.
4．I'm happy to tell you two new buildings have been built and are in use.5．One of them is a new classroom building，in which there are rooms for music，art and computer teaching.
6．The other is the library，where there are all kinds of books，newspapers and magazines.
7．My school is well equipped with sports facilities.
8. The number of the students has also grown from 1,000 to 2,000.
9. We have planted a lot of trees in and around the school.【参考范文】
Mr.Smith，
I was pleased to hear from you and I am writing to tell you something about my school.
You are right.Great changes have taken place in my school in the past three years.It is no longer what it used to be three years ago，when there was only a teaching building and a playground. I'm happy to tell you two new buildings have been built and are in use. One of them is a new classroom building，in which there are rooms for music，art and computer teaching. The other is the library，where there are all kinds of books，newspapers and magazines. Besides，my school is well equipped with sports facilities. The number of the students has also grown from 1,000 to 2,000.What's more，we have planted a lot of trees in and around the school.
I believe my school will become better and better，and I hope you will visit my school again.
Yours，
Li Hua【亮点展示】
1．本文是一封e-mail，文章符合书信格式，很好地掌握了书信的一般格式，要点表达清晰，结构完整。
2．文章里的句式结构较为复杂多变，显示出作者良好的功底，如：It句型的使用(It is no longer what it used to be three years ago，when there was only a teaching building and a playground.)定语从句的夹杂(The other is the library，where there are all kinds of books，newspapers and magazines.)等等，都显现出多变的句式结构。(1)正文常见的开头用语有：
表示高兴：I was so glad/pleased/happy to receive your letter.
表示感谢：Thank you for your wonderful gift/your interesting letter.
表示关心和询问：How are you these days？/ How are you getting on these days？/How are you getting on with your work /studies?【写作模板】表示抱歉：I'm sorry that I did not write to you so long but I have been very busy these days.
表示遗憾：I was sorry to learn that you did not do well in the entrance examination./ I was so upset to hear that you are ill these days. I do hope you are getting better.
(2)正文中提供自己的建议和观点时的常用语有：
In my opinion，/Personally，...
I think you'd better...
It's a good idea to...(3)正文中表示句子之间的衔接和意义上的递进与转折时的常用词汇有：
What's more，besides，in addition，furthermore，however等。
(4)邮件的结尾客套用语有：
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Please give my regards to your family.
Take good care of you and keep in touch.
Thank you for your consideration. 当靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义时，我们就需要利用外部相关因素(如生活经验、常识等)来猜测词义，这也是猜测词义的基本方法之一。如：
Husband：It's really cold out tonight.
Wife：Sure it is. My hands are practically numb. How about lighting the furnace?猜词秘诀之三【分析】 根据生活经验，天气寒冷时，手肯定是“冻僵的，冻得麻木的”。
The snake slithered through the grass.
【分析】 根据蛇的生活习性的常识，我们可推断出slither意为：滑行，爬行。
在猜测词义过程中，除了使用上面提到的一些技巧外，我们还可以运用构词法，从生词本身猜测词义。 (1)根据前缀猜测词义
He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious, for a few minutes.
【分析】 根据词根conscious(清醒的，有意识的)，结合前缀semi－(半，部分的，不完全的)，我们便可猜出semiconscious的词义(半清醒的，半昏迷的)。
I'm illiterate about such things.
【分析】 词根literate意为“有文化的，有学问的”，前缀il－表示否定，因此illiterate指“一窍不通的，不知道的”。 (2)根据后缀猜测词义
Insecticide is applied where it is needed.
【分析】 后缀－cide表示“杀……的东西”，结合大家熟悉的词根Insect(昆虫)，不难猜出insecticide意为”杀虫剂”。
Then the vapor may change into droplets.
【分析】 后缀－let表示“小的”，词根drop指“滴，滴状物”。将两个意思结合起来，便可推断出droplet意为”小滴”。(3)根据复合词的各部分猜测词义
Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output.
【分析】 highlight是一个生词，但是分析该词结构后，便能推测出其意思。它是由high(高的、强的)和light(光线)两部分组成，合在一起便是“以强光照射，使突出”的意思。
Bullfight is very popular in Spain.【分析】 bull(公牛)和fight(打，搏斗)结合在一起，指一种在西班牙颇为流行的体育运动——斗牛。
综上所述，利用各种已知信息推测词义是一项重要的阅读技巧。在实践中，我们可活运用上面提到的几种猜测技巧，排除生词障碍，顺利理解文章内容，提高阅读。
课件46张PPT。 The Yangtze River is home to one of the most beautiful natural scenes of China－the Three Gorges. Module 6 Old and NewBut for generations, Chinese people have long dreamed of taming(制服，使顺从) the Yangtze River for power generation and flood control. The river's endless floods have brought destruction and death for centuries－1 million deaths in the 20th century alone.
Nowadays, along the Yangtze River, the third longest river in the world, a great construction project, the Three Gorges Dam is in progress.①Once completed, it will be the largest and most powerful hydro-electric project in the world.
Towering 610 feet high and stretching 1.3 miles wide，②the dam will create a reservoir that extends nearly 400 miles upstream thus changing the original landscape of this region.
The project has been under discussion in China since the idea of the dam was first put forward in 1919. The Three Gorges Dam is both a marvel of engineering and the greatest challenge its designers have ever faced. The Three GorgesDam has been engineered to store over 5 trillion gallons(加仑)of water and to withstand(经得起) an earthquake of 7.0 on the Richter scale(里氏级)．In addition, the government says the dam will control terrifying floods and provide electrical power to China's growing cities.
Like China's Great Wall, it will be one of the few man made structures that can be seen from space. The Chinese government and the dam's engineers think of the project as a symbol of national pride.
①庞龙曾经是个工人，现在变成一位著名的歌手。(状语从句的省略)
②他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。(现在分词作结果状语)1．佳句仿写一二三 Once (he was) a worker, Pang Long now becomes a famous
singerTheir car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay..翻译佳句，放眼高考
Like China's Great Wall, it will be one of the few man－made structures that can be seen from space.
2． 像中国的万里长城一样，三峡大坝也将是从天空能够看到的
为数不多的人造工程之一。Module 6 Old and New Period One Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary 课件（外研版必修3，课标通用）Ⅰ.单词识记
1．________adj.民用的；国内的
2．________n．悬崖；峭壁
3．_____________n．(土木)工程
4．__________n．建筑物；结构
5．________vi.始于(某一历史时期)civil cliff engineering structure date 6．______________v．容纳(乘客等)
7．______________n．建造，建设，建筑
8．__________v．发(电)
9．________vt.利用；将(自然力)变成动力
10．__________adj.历史的，有关历史的
11．________adj.狭窄的
12．________ n．诗，诗歌
13．_________vt.浸入水中；淹没
14．________ adj.全球的
15．________v．迁移，搬迁accommodate construction generate harnesshistorical narrow poem submerge global removeⅡ.短语天地
1．________________起源于
2．________________梦想……
3．________________阻止
4．________________变成现实date from dream of hold back come true句型搜索
It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.
[信息提取] It takes sb some time /money to do sth
花费时间做某事。
[例句仿写] 她修理自行车用了三个小时。
_____________________________________________
Ⅲ.1．It took her three hours to mend her bicycle
It took three hours for her to mend her bicycle.Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorge”．
[信息提取] 介词＋which 引导定语从句。
[例句仿写] 我不喜欢你给她说话的方式。
_______________________________________ 2． I don't like the way in which you speak to her. The power of the Yangtze River，which is the world's third longest river，has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.
[信息提取] the＋ 序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词 表示“第几(长、高、宽等)……”。
[例句仿写] 长江是中国的第二大河。
_______________________________________________3． The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.
[信息提取] “比较级＋than any other ＋单数名词” 表示最高级。
[例句仿写] 长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。
_________________________________________________ 4. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.Fast Reading：Scan the text and choose the best answers according to the text.
Who dreamed of harnessing the power of the Yangtze River?
A．Sun Yat-sen. B．Mao Zedong.
C．Deng Xiaoping. D．A great designer.
How many tons of coal was used for heating and generating electricity in 1993?
A．1.2 billion. B．20 billion.
C．40 billion. D．About 800 billion.Ⅳ.预读理解1． (1)(2) Which of the following is true about the Three Gorges Dam?
A．It is wall of stone to hold back clouds.
B．It is the third largest dam in the world.
C．It is nearly 200 metres high and 15 kilometres wide.
D．It has cost more than any other construction project in
history.(3)What is the benefit after the construction?
A．Many cities, towns and villages have been flooded.
B．More than one billion people in the region have moved from
their homes.
C．The Three Gorges Dam area has become one of the most
beautiful areas of China.
D．Many famous historical sites have been flooded.(4)What does the writer think of the construction of the Three Gorges Dam according to the passage?
A．There will be more advantages.
B．It will bring some problems.
C．The disadvantages are much more than advantages.
D．Not mentioned at all.
答案 (1)B (2)A (3)D (4)C (5)A(5)Careful Reading：Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.2． 答案 (1)poem (2)suggested (3)Description (4)biggest (5)power station (6)Controlling (7)equal to
(8)Disadvantages (9)Flooding (10)Submerging accommodate v．容纳(乘客)；能提供……膳宿
The hotel can accommodate 500 tourists.
这家旅馆可住五百名游客。
We can accommodate him for the night.
我们能供他住一夜。
【归纳拓展】
(1)accommodate sb with sth帮忙；给……提供方便
accommodate sb for the night 留某人过夜
(2) accommodation n．膳食供应；住宿1． Would you be kind enough to________us for the night in your home?
A．provide
B．supply
C．offer
D．accommodate
解析 accommodate sb for the night意为“留某人过夜”，故选D，其他选项均有“提供”，但无“留宿”之意。
答案 D【单项填空】 narrow
(1)adj.狭窄的；狭隘的
The street is too narrow for a truck.
这条街太窄，卡车无法通过。
She had a narrow mind. 她心地狭隘。
(2)adj.勉强的；刚刚好的
She had a narrow escape when her car skidded on the ice. 车在冰上打滑，她险些出事。2． (3)vt.&vi.(使)变窄；缩小
This is where the river narrows.
这条河就是在这里变窄的。
The gap between the two teams has narrowed to three points. 两队之间的差距缩小到了三分。
【归纳拓展】
a narrow escape九死一生
narrow-minded adj.小心眼的；气量小的
narrowly adv.勉强地；狭隘地
这个孩子从火灾中死里逃生。
The child had from the fire.a narrow escape【翻译句子】remove
(1)vt.移开；去除；脱去；摘下
She removed her glasses and rubbed her eyes.
她摘下眼镜，揉了揉眼镜。
Students removed several desks to another classroom.
学生们把几张书桌搬到了另外一间教室。
(2)vt.开除；免除；解除(职务)
He was removed from the post. 他被解雇了。
He was removed from his position as chairman.
他被撤去主席的职务。3． 【比较网站】 remove/move【选词填空】(move/remove)
①Please________your books from the seat.
②Please________your bike；it's blocking the road.
③He________the mud from his shoes.
④Will you help me_____________this table?remove move removed move/to movedate from(＝date back to)追溯到，始于
The castle dates back to/from the ancient Roman days.
这座城堡建于古罗马时代。
They have dug up an ancient tomb dating from 45 BC.
他们挖了一座建于公元前45年的古墓。 1． 【归纳拓展】
out of date过时的，陈旧的
up to date 最新的(up-to-date adj.最新式的，现代的)
set a date for选定……的日期
What's the date today？＝What date is it today?
今天是几号？
【温馨提醒】
date back to和date from作谓语时，没有被动语态，常用一般现在时；作定语或状语时，常用现在分词形式。
The old temple which________the Tang Dynasty is being repaired now.
A．is dated from B．dated from
C．dates from D．had dated from
解析 date from追溯到，始于，常用于一般现在时，没有被动语态，故选C。
答案 C【单项填空】①—Have you visited the Xiangguo Temple________the Song Dynasty?
—Not yet.I'm going to visit it one day.
A．dated from B．to date from
C．be dated from D．dating from
解析 句意：——你参观过建于宋朝的大相国寺没有？——还没有，我打算某一天要去的。空白处作定语修饰Xiangguo Temple，常用现在分词形式dating from。
答案 D②dream of 梦想；向往
They all dream of a world at peace.
他们都梦想一个和平的世界。
That boy dreams of becoming a pilot.
那男孩一心想当一名飞行员。
【归纳拓展】
dream about/of梦想；向往
have/dream a．..dream 做了……梦
one's dream comes true 梦想得以实现2． 她梦想经营自己的公司。
She running her own business.
他做了一个甜美的梦。
He dream.【完成句子】①②dreamed ofdreamed/had a sweethold back 阻止；退缩；踌躇；控制；隐瞒
We tried to hold back our laughter.我们尽力忍住不笑。
Tell me the truth—don't hold anything back!
告诉我真相，什么都别隐瞒！
They built the dam to hold back the flood.
他们筑起大坝阻挡洪水。
Jim held back his anger and avoided a fight.
吉姆忍住了怒气，避免了一场斗殴。3． 【归纳拓展】
hold up举起；支持住；使停顿，耽误；抢劫
hold out伸出
hold out继续；坚持；忍耐；伸出
hold on(打电话时用语)请等一下，不要挂
hold on to抓住；保持，不要放弃用hold短语完成句子
①I think he something back; he knows more than he admits.
②We didn't know whether we would be able to until help arrived.
③Our car was in the heavy traffic.is holdinghold onheld upcome true (预言、梦想等)成为事实，实现
This great prediction is coming true.
这一伟大的预言正在成为现实。
His dream of being a doctor has come true.
他当医生的愿望实现了。 4． 【比较网站】 come true/ realize【翻译句子】(至少用两种方式)
我们的希望将要实现。
① .
② .Our hope will come trueWe will realize our hope./ Our hope will be realizedThe power of the Yangtze River，which is the world's third longest river，has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.世界第三大河流——长江的水力已被三峡大坝所拦截利用。
(1)本句which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰the Yangtze River，起补充说明作用，也可以省略which is，变成名词短语the world's third longest river作同位语。
(2)the world's third longest river表示“世界第三长河”。“the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词”结构表示“第几(长、高、宽等)……”。
the second largest building第二大建筑物
the fourth deepest valley第四深谷1． 【归纳拓展】
主语＋is one of/among＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词的复数……，表示“最……的之一”。
China is one of the oldest countries in the world.
中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。
【翻译句子】
①他是我们班身高排第三的男孩。
②巴黎是世界上最大的城市之
.He is the third tallest boy in our class.Paris is among/one of the greatest cities in the worldIt is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.这是世界上最大的大坝及水力发电站，投资超过历史上任何其他的建筑工程。
该处any other construction用了“非最高级结构表达最高级含义”的用法。
He is cleverer than any other student in the class.
他比这个班的其他学生都聪明。2． 【归纳拓展】
常见的比较级表示最高级结构：
形容词或副词的比较级＋than ＋
He did the job better than the other persons in the group. ＝He did the job best in the group.
他做这工作是小组里做得最好的。
She goes to school earlier than any other girl. ＝She goes to school earliest among the girls.她比其他女孩到校早。
Jack runs faster than any of the other boys in his class. ＝Jack runs fastest among the boys in his class.
杰克是他班上跑的最快的男生。②中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。
.China is larger than any country in Africa_______________________________________.课件14张PPT。Ⅰ.单词识记
1．___________n．观察台
2．________adj.有浓雾的
3．________vi.(飞机)失事；坠毁
Ⅱ.短语天地
1．________________在20世纪90年代
2．________________在顶部
3．________________在晴朗的日子里Module 6 Old and New Period Three Cultural Corner 课件（外研版必修3，课标通用）observatory foggy crashin the 1990s at the top on a clear dayWhy do you think there are so many tall buildings in the world now?
[信息提取] “疑问词＋ 插入语(do you think)＋ 陈述句”结构。
[例句仿写] 你认为它有多大？
_________________________Ⅲ.句型搜索1． How old do you think she is?It was the tallest building in the world until the World Trade Centre was built in New York in 1972.
[信息提取] until 引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……”。
[例句仿写] 一直走到一座白房子为止。
_________________________________2． Walk till you come to a white house.Read Culture Corner and tell the following statements true (T) or false(F)．
All the tallest buildings in the world were built in the 1990s.
( )
The World Trade Centre twin towers were taller than the Empire State Building. ( )
At daytime, you could see five US states at the top of the twin towers. ( )Ⅳ.预读理解1． 2． 3． The World Trade Centre twin towers were destroyed in the year 1945. ( )
In 2004, the tallest building in the world was 509 meters in height. ( )
答案 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T4． 5． crash
(1)vi.(飞机)失事；坠毁
An airline crashed west of Denver last night.
昨夜一架客机在丹佛西部坠毁。
(2)v.倒闭；碰撞
His company crashed last year.去年他的公司破产了。
The government crashed because of its financial debt.
该政府因经济债务垮台了。(3)n.碰撞；失事；坠毁
A lot of passengers were killed in the train crash.
许多旅客在火车车祸中丧失了。
【归纳拓展】
(1)crash into 撞到……上
(2)a car crash汽车撞车事故
an air crash 飞机坠毁事故
【翻译句子】
飞机撞在了一座山上。
The plane crashed into a mountain.1． Why do you think there are so many tall buildings in the world now? 你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑呢？
句中do you think是一个插入语，放在特殊疑问词与句子其他成分之间．其余部分相当于think的宾语从句。即：疑问词＋ 插入语(do you think)＋陈述句？其中know, suppose, believe, think. expect, suggest, advise, insist等动词也可以用作插入语。 It sounds silly，I know，but try it anyway.
我知道这听起来很愚蠢，但无论如何试一试吧。
Who on earth do you suppose could have done this?
你认为到底是谁能干出这种事来？【单项填空】
________ her so upset last night?
A．What do you imagine making
B．What do you imagine made
C．Do you imagine what make
D．Do you imagine what had made
解析 do you imagine作插入语，疑问句的谓语动词是made。
答案 BIt was the tallest building in the world until the World Trade Centre was built in New York in 1972. 在1972年纽约世贸中心建成之前，它一直是世界上最高的建筑。
句中until是连词，引导时间状语从句．意思是“到……为止；一直……”。until用在肯定句中时，主句谓语通常是延续性动词(如stand, stay，talk，wait等)，表示主句动作终止的时间，常译为“直到……为止”；如果用在否定句中，主句谓语通常是瞬间性动词(如open，start，leave.arrive，finish等)．强调主句动作开始的时间，表示“直到……才”。2． I waited until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。
I didn't leave the boy until his mother turned up.
直到这孩子的母亲来．我才离开。
【温馨提醒】
当not until位于句首时，句子要倒装。其结构为：Not until＋从句/表时间的词＋助动词/系动词/……＋(主句)主语＋谓语＋...。而until后引导的从句无须倒装。
Not until next week will the sports meet be held.
直到下周才开运动会。It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life________we've actually had that lesson.
A．until B．after
C．since D．when
解析 句意：我们很难在生活中接受教训，直到我们真正经历过(才会接受教训)。until“直到……才”，符合句意。after在……之后；since自从；when当……的时候。
答案 A【单项填空】① Not until he left his home________to know how important the family was for him.
A．did he begin
B．had he begun
C．he began
D．he had begun
解析 not until放在句首要用部分倒装， 翻译为直到， 所以begin发生在left之后或同时发生。
答案 A②课件19张PPT。Ⅰ.单词识记
1．________adj.冷冰冰的，极冷的
2．___________adj.荒唐的；可笑的
3．__________adj.巨大的；庞大的Module 6 Old and New Period Two Vocabulary and Listening；Everyday English；Function；Speaking and Writing 课件（外研版必修3，课标通用）freezing ridiculous enormousⅡ.短语天地
1．________________有意义，有道理
2．________________参观；游览
3．________________结束；终止
4．________________一直；一路make sense go on a visit bring an end toall the way句型搜索
It was strange to think that，when my grandparents lived in the village，there wasn't a reservoir there at all!
[信息提取] it is/was＋ 形容词＋ to do sth结构。
[例句仿写] 很难相信朱之文有这么好的嗓音。
________________________________________________________________________Ⅲ.It is hard to believe that Zhu Zhiwen has such a beautiful
voice.freezing
(1)adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的
It's freezing outside！外面冷极了！
It is freezing in this room；put the fire on!
这屋子里冷冰冰的，生上火吧！
(2)freezing n．(＝freezing point)冰点
The temperature remained below freezing all day.
温度整天都在冰点以下。1． 【归纳拓展】
(1)the freezing point 冰点
above/ below freezing 零度以上/以下
(2)frozen adj.冻僵的；结冰的；冷冻的
(3)freeze( froze; frozen) v．结冰；冻住
be frozen to death 被冻死【单项填空】
You can't be careful enough to drive on the________road in________weather.
A．freezing；frozen
B．freezing；freezing
C．frozen；freezing
D．frozen；frozen
解析 第一空填frozen表示”冻硬的”；第二空填freezing表示”极冷的”。故答案为C。
答案 Cenormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
An elephant is an enormous animal.大象是巨大的动物。
The place is enormous－larger than any building I've ever seen.这个地方太大了，比我曾经见过的任何楼房都大。 2． 【比较网站】 enormous/huge/vast【选词填空】(enormous/huge/vast)
①Hospitals keep supplies of drugs.
②In the library，books upon books lie against the walls.
③She found her inspiration from the Sahara desert.
④He himself lives in an house.vasthugevastenormousmake sense 有意义；有道理
What you said doesn't make sense.＝ What you said makes no sense. 你说的话毫无意义。
He talked a lot at the meeting, but it didn‘t make any sense to me. 他在会上谈了很多，但我一句也没有听懂。
1． 【归纳拓展】
make sense of了解……的意义，懂得
in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
common sense 常识
a sense of humour/security/direction/fear幽默感/安全感/方向感/恐惧感
There is no sense in (doing)sth(口语)做某事是没有道理的【单项填空】
There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make any ________of them at all.
A．meaning B．use
C．idea D．sense
解析 句意：这一篇中有那么多新词，我根本不理解它们的意义。make sense of理解，明白。其他选项与make搭配无此意。
答案 Dbring an end to(＝bring sth to an end)结束，终止
We must bring an end to these endless arguments.
我们必须结束这些无休止的争吵。
I wonder how I can bring their quarrel to an end.
我不知道怎么样才能让他们停止争吵。2． 【归纳拓展】
put an end to(＝put sth to an end) 结束，终止
come to an end 结束，告终
end up with 以……结束，最后
at the end (of)(……的)尽头
in the end 最后，终于用end短语完成句子
①他们应该终止那场战争了。
They should that war.
②那项工作上个月完成了。
That job last month.
③最终，我决定还是不去。
I decided that I wouldn't go after all.bring/put an end tocame to an end , In the end It was strange to think that，when my grandparents lived in the village，there wasn't a reservoir there at all！我的祖父母在那个村庄住的时候，那里根本就没有水库，真是不可思议！
句中“it is/was＋adj.＋ to do sth”是常用句型，it作形式主语，不定式是真正主语。注意该句型中不定式的逻辑主语可以由介词for或of引起，构成句型：It is＋adj.＋ for/of sb to do sth，一般来说，for前面的形容词侧重于说明事情如何；而of前面的形容词侧重说明人的特点。 下面的形容词多与of连用：kind，clever，wise，stupid，brave等。
It is important to learn English well. 学好英语很重要。
It is strange to see her there.在那儿见到她真是奇怪。
It is necessary for us to learn something about medical knowledge. 我们了解一些医学知识是有必要的。
【归纳拓展】
常见的it作形式主语的句型：
(1)It is＋名词(a fact/a good idea/a pity/a shame/ no wonder...)＋主语从句
(2) It is＋形容词(necessary/ clear/ strange/ important wonderful...)＋主语从句
(3)It＋不及物动词( seems/ happens/ appears...)＋主语从句
(4)It is＋过去分词(reported/ hoped/ thought/ said/ expected/ believed...)＋主语从句
①你真好，告诉我真相。
②学习一门外语不容易。
.It's very kind of you to tell me the truth.【翻译句子】 It is not easy to learn a foreign language
