2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-被动语态（含解析）

2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-被动语态
一、选择题
—You did the work badly.
—Sorry. I think if I _____ another chance, I'll do it better.
A．give B．will be given C．will give D．am given
A number of volunteers will _____ for the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.
A．be needed B．are needed C．are needing D．be needing
—Students begin to pay more attention to subjects of art education.
—That's true. They _____ in senior high school entrance examination.
A．are tested B．were tested C．will be tested
—There's too much salt in the Chinese diet.
—So there is. The WHO says only 1.5 grams of salt _____ for each man every day.
A．is needed B．is needing C．will need D．has needed
—Who will win the first prize in the drawing competition
—Nobody can know the result until it _____ tomorrow morning.
A．will announce B．will be announced
C．is announced D．announces
—Mum, when shall we go to watch the cherry blossoms in Wenfeng Park
—_____ your homework _____ tomorrow.
A．Until; will be finished B．Until; has finished
C．Not until; will finish D．Not until; is finished
—When shall we go to watch the basketball match in the sports center
—_____ the work _____ tomorrow.
A．Not until; will be finished B．Not until; is finished
C．Until; will be finished D．Until; is finished
Qi Fabao, a commander of the PLA, was _____ with Hero Regiment Commander for Defending the Border by the Central Military Commission (中央军委).
A．praised B．presented C．provided D．prepared
In a few years' time, these hills _____ with trees.
A．cover B．will cover C．will be cover D．will be covered
—Excuse me, sir, smoking _____ in our school.
—Oh, I'm sorry.
A．doesn't allow B．don't allow C．isn't allowed D．aren't allowed
The National Grand Theatre _____ in 2007.
A．build B．built C．was built D．is built
A subway _____ in Pinggu in the near future.
A．is built B．will be built C．builds D．will build
Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge _____ in December, 2009 and it opened in October, 2018.
A．is built B．was built C．build
You may go to play football as soon as your homework _____.
A．has finished B．finished
C．is finished D．will be finished
We're decorating our room. There _____ an English party this weekend.
A．will be B．will have C．was D．has
Finally both sides have reached an agreement, but the details _____ later.
A．are discussing B．are discussed
C．will discuss D．will be discussed
Nowadays, because of The Readers (《朗读者》) by CCTV, many book fans _____ reading in public places.
A．will see B．were seen C．are seen D．have seen
Two bridges _____ over the river five years ago in our city.
A．build B．built C．were built D．are built
—The final exam is coming, Tom. Don't watch TV for too long.
—I'm not a child any more. I _____ what to do.
A．should always be told B．should always tell
C．shouldn't always be told D．shouldn't always tell
If you are over 18 years old, you _____ to drive a car in our country.
A．can allow B．can't allow C．can be allowed
Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information _____ in a short time.
A．can be learned B．has been learned
C．can learn D．has learned
There is nothing to be _____ because you are late.
A．choice B．chose C．chosen D．to choose
My home town is _____ the city by a new subway.
A．connect on B．connected to C．connect to D．connected on
—Han Hong _____ by the reporter yesterday.
—She’s great. She has helped so many disabled people.
A．was interviewed B．is interviewed
C．is interviewing D．was interviewing
—The light-rail vehicle (轻轨) _____ in our city in two years.
—Good news.
A．builds B．built C．will be built D．is built
They held a meeting and Joyce _____ to be the monitor.
A．elects B．is elected C．elected D．was elected
Notre Dame de Paris _____ in a fire on 15 April 2019.
A．destroys B．is destroyed C．destroyed D．was destroyed
A lot of farmers' houses _____ down in the forests fire in early 2019.
A．burned B．were burned C．burn D．are burned
They had a class meeting and Kitty _____ as the model student of the year.
A．was elected B．elected C．is elected D．elects
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
Good memory _____ by making a picture in your mind.
A．improve B．will be improved
C．get improved D．will be improving
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
Many research labs _____ in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.
A．are building B．will be built C．were built
To be safe, cables _____ under the street or road.
A．are buried B．bury C．are burnt D．burn
The books may _____ for two weeks.
A．be kept B．be borrowed C．keep D．borrow
从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案
—Hi, Jack. Did you go to Jim's birthday party
—No, I felt so sad. I _____.
A．didn't invite B．wasn't invited
C．have not invited
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
We _____ to reach for our dreams in the graduation ceremony last week.
A．encourage B．are encouraged
C．encouraged D．were encouraged
_____ the trees _____ along the river next week
A．Will; plant B．Will; be planted
C．Are; planted D．Were; planted
I will travel abroad if the work _____ on time.
A．is finished B．finished C．will finish D．finishes
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
—_____ the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) founded in 1921
—Yes, and it's her 100th birthday this year.
A．Is B．Was C．Has D．Have
—There is so much rubbish in the river. It's terrible.
—Don't worry. To save the river, many actions _____.
A．are taking B．are going to take
C．are going to be taken D．are going to be taking
I believe that those mountains _____ with trees in a few years.
A．are covered B．will be covered C．are covering D．will cover
单项选择
The gift has _____ to the girl.
A．be sent B．being sending C．been sent
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all the problems can _____ in the end.
A．solve B．be solved C．answer D．be answered
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
People _____ to send up fireworks around the centre of the city last Spring Festival.
A．weren't allowed B．won't be allowed
C．are not allowed D．haven't been allowed
—Look at the boy with green hair. It's cool!
—But I don't think students _____ to color their hair.
A．mustn't be allowed B．should be allowed
C．must allow D．shouldn't be allowed
—Mum, can I play football
—No, unless your work _____.
A．will do B．is done C．has done D．will be done
—Many accidents _____ by careless drivers last year.
—Oh, that's terrible. We must follow the traffic rules.
A．are caused B．were caused C．have caused D．caused
—I _____ a fruit salad half an hour ago. Can it _____ now
—One more minute, please.
A．ordered; be served B．have paid for; serve
C．have ordered; be served D．paid; serve
Do you know the 32nd Olympic Games _____ in Tokyo in 2020
A．is held B．was held C．will hold D．will be held
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
Small actions, like bringing a bag to go shopping, _____ to make a big difference to our society.
A．consider B．is considered C．are considered D．considering
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
In Miss Lin's class, many chances _____ to students to learn from each other.
A．offer B．offered C．are offering D．are offered
答案
一、选择题（共50题）
1. 【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你的活儿做得很糟糕。——抱歉，我认为如果再给我一次机会，我会做得更好。从句主语 Ⅰ 与谓语之间是被动关系；if 引导的是条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
2. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：2022 年北京冬奥会将需要一些志愿者。由语境可知是一些志愿者将会被需要；再根据句中的 2022 可知，事情发生在将来，故此处要用一般将来时的被动语态。
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
3. 【答案】C
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
4. 【答案】A
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
5. 【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
6. 【答案】D
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态、not … until
7. 【答案】B
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态、not … until
8. 【答案】B
【知识点】动词辨析、一般过去时的被动语态
9. 【答案】D
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
10. 【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
11. 【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
12. 【答案】B
【解析】主语 subway 和动词 build 是被动关系，再根据句意“不久的将来，平谷将修建一条地铁”和时间状语可知，要用一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为 will be done。故选：B。
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
13. 【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意：港珠澳大桥于 2009 年 12 月建造，2018 年 10 月通车。根据句意和逻辑关系可知，主语 Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge 和动词 build 之间，主语是动作的承受者，因此这里应该使用被动语态，所以排除 C 项，再根据空后的时间状语为 in December, 2009，是过去的时间，因此本句的时态为一般过去时，所以排除 A 项。
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
14. 【答案】C
【解析】你的作业一完成，你就可以去踢足球了。
根据该句为含有 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句的复合句，主句中含有情态动词 may，且表达将来的动作，故从句为一般现在时态表将来，故从句的时态为一般现在时态；又知从句的主语 your homework 是谓语动词 finish 的承受者，二者形成被动关系，故确定为被动语态，故从句的谓语动词为一般现在时态的被动语态，其结构为 is/ am/ are+过去分词。故填入 is finished。
【知识点】时间状语从句、一般现在时的被动语态
15. 【答案】A
【解析】根据句意：我们正在装饰我们的房间。这个周末有一个英语派对。可知考查 there be 句型的一般将来时，there will be/ there is going to be，故选 A。
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
16. 【答案】D
【解析】最后双方达成了协议，但细节将稍后讨论。
根据前半句 Finally both sides have reached an agreement 可知时态为现在完成时态，强调的是动作发生在过去对现在造成的影响，故推知现在双方已经达成了协议，结合后半句中的 later“稍后”可知讨论细节这个动作发生在将来，故确定后半句的时态为一般将来时态，又知主语 the details 是谓语动词 discuss 的承受者二者形成被动关系，故确定为被动语态，故谓语动词一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构为 will+be+过去分词，故填入 will be discussed。
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
17. 【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态、see
18. 【答案】C
【知识点】build、一般过去时的被动语态
19. 【答案】C
【知识点】含情态动词的被动语态、tell
20. 【答案】C
【知识点】allow、含情态动词的被动语态
21. 【答案】A
【知识点】含情态动词的被动语态、learn
22. 【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态、choose
23. 【答案】B
【知识点】connect…to…、一般现在时的被动语态
24. 【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态、interview
25. 【答案】C
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态、build
26. 【答案】D
【知识点】elect、一般过去时的被动语态
27. 【答案】D
【知识点】destroy、一般过去时的被动语态
28. 【答案】B
【知识点】burn、一般过去时的被动语态
29. 【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
30. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是语态。句意：好的记忆力可以通过在脑海中形成图像来提高。improve 提高，与主语 memory 是被动关系，应用被动语态，will be+动词的过去分词，表示“将会被……”。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态、improve
31. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是时态和语态。句意：未来5年，中国将建立许多研究实验室来发展科学技术。build 修建，动词，与主语是动宾关系，故是被动语态；根据in the next 5 years可知是一般将来时的被动语态。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
32. 【答案】A
【知识点】bury、一般现在时的被动语态
33. 【答案】A
【知识点】含情态动词的被动语态
34. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是被动语态和时态的用法。根据题干可知，整体的时态是一般过去时态，又因为“我”是没有被“邀请”，所以要用被动语态。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
35. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是时态和语态。句意：在上周的毕业典礼上，我们被鼓励去追寻我们的梦想。根据last week可知是一般过去时；encourage 鼓励，动词，与主语是动宾关系，故是一般过去时的被动语态。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
36. 【答案】B
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
37. 【答案】A
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
38. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是时态和语态。句意：——中国共产党是1921年成立的吗？——是的，而且今年是她的100岁生日。founded是过去分词，与主语是动宾关系，故是被动语态，用be引导句子；根据in 1921可知是一般过去时的被动语态。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态、肯定和不肯定
39. 【答案】C
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
40. 【答案】B
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
41. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是句子的时态。句意：礼物已经送给了那个女孩。根据主语与动词是动宾关系应用被动语态，由前面的has可知用现在完成时。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】现在完成时的被动语态
42. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是动词和语态辨析。句意：不管我们有多少困难，我相信最后所有的问题都能解决。solve 解决，指解决问题；answer 回答，解决，指回答问题；根据“No matter how many difficulties we have”可知 ，是解决问题；主语与动词solve是动宾关系，构成被动语态（be done）；故选B。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】含情态动词的被动语态、solve
43. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查的是时态。句意：去年春节人们不被允许在城市中心燃放烟火。allow 允许；由last Spring Festival可知时态是一般过去时。
因此，正确答案是A。
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
44. 【答案】B
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——看这个绿头发的男孩多酷。——但是我认为学生不应该被允许染头发。根据 I think 引导的否定宾语从句，否定词 not 需转移，放在 think 的前面。结合语境可知学生不被允许染发，要用被动语态。故选 B。
【知识点】allow、含情态动词的被动语态
45. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词的时态的用法。句意：妈妈，我能踢一会足球吗？不，除非你已经完成你的作业。根据句意及题干分析此题应用被动语态，unless 引导的是条件状语从句，所以用一般现在时态的被动语态。
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
46. 【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：——去年许多交通事故是由粗心的司机引起的。——哦，那太糟糕了，我们必须遵守交通规则。根据时间状语 last year 可知本句应用一般过去时，可先排除 AC。其次主语 many accidents 和谓语 cause 是被动关系，则本句应用一般过去时的被动语态，即主语+was/ were+动词过去分词。故选：B。
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态、cause
47. 【答案】A
【解析】本题主要考查动词。第一个空，order some food 意为“点菜”，pay for 意为“付钱”，题中出现 ago 表示一般过去时，故排除 B、C 项。第二个空，serve 意为“上菜”，但沙拉应该是被上菜，所以应使用被动语态 be served，故排除 D 项。
【知识点】含情态动词的被动语态、order
48. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据句末的 2020 可知要用将来时，又因 Olympic Games 是被举办，应使用被动语态。故选：D。
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态、hold
49. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是语态及主谓一致的辨析。句意：像带袋子去购物这样的小的行为被认为对我们的社会能起到很大的作用。small actions与consider之间是被动关系，即“被认为”，所以用被动语态be considered，主语是复数名词，所以be动词用are。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态、be作助动词
50. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是语态。句意：在Lin老师的班上，学生们有很多机会互相学习。offer sth. to sb. 把某物给某人，offer 与主语chances是动宾关系，故是被动语态，谓语是be done。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态