2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-非谓语动词（含解析）

2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-非谓语动词
一、选择题
—Mr Lee is an animal-lover. He always does everything he can _____ animals.
—Oh, he is a true friend of animals'.
A．to hunt B．hunting C．to protect D．protecting
—Do you know why he left so early The show was so wonderful.
—_____ for the English test, I guess.
A．Study B．Studied C．To study D．Studying
He tried different ways he could think of _____ English well.
A．learns B．to learn C．learning D．learned
—Did the book give you all the information you wanted
—Yes, but _____ it, I had to read the whole book.
A．find B．found C．finding D．to find
—Why do you come to school so early —_____ the classroom. I'm on duty (值日) today.
A．Clean B．Cleaning C．To clean D．Cleaned
_____ other students, Li Wei did a better job in this competition.
A．Compare with B．Compared with C．Compare to
—Your English has improved a lot. How did you do it
—I promised Ms Wang to practice English every day and I _____ my words.
A．got lost B．stuck to C．listened
Tony is new here. He doesn't know _____ .
A．how to get to the bank B．how can he get to the bank
C．where is the bank
—Look, Linda looks worried.
—Yes, She didn't know French, but she was made _____ to sing a French song in two days.
A．mention B．learn C．to mention D．to learn
—We can use WeChat (微信) to talk with each other.
—Really Would you show me _____ it
A．what to use B．how to use
C．what can I use D．how can I use
—Boys and girls, I have something exciting _____ you.
—Really What's it
A．tell B．telling C．to tell D．told
I got up early this morning _____ my best friend at the train station.
A．to meet B．meeting C．met D．meet
—Mom, I need a special pen to draw this picture.
—OK. Let's go to the supermarket _____ one.
A．buy B．buys C．buying D．to buy
Mr. Li is a kind-hearted man. He does everything he can _____ homeless people.
A．helped B．helping C．help D．to help
—As a new student, Jack doesn't know _____ in our class.
—Let's go and help him.
A．what to expect B．when to expect C．how to expect D．who to expect
Can you tell me _____ to do next
A．when B．why C．what D．how
—Could you tell me _____
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A．that there is a bank nearby B．what's the shirt made of
C．how to deal with the problem D．how soon he would come back
—Could you help me with my English
—Yes, of course. I'll do what I can _____ you.
A．help B．to help C．helping
As volunteers, we could do something we can _____ those sick kids.
A．encourage B．to encourage C．encouraging
—Could you tell me _____ to meet Miss Li
—Please fill in this form and call her to meet you.
A．how B．where C．when
—Excuse me. Could you please tell me _____ my car
—Sure. Park it right here.
A．how to stop B．where to park C．where to stop D．when to park
Eddie is hungry and too weak _____ any further.
A．walk B．to walk C．walked D．walking
As a new student, Jack doesn't know _____ in our class.
A．what to expect B．when to expect C．how to expect D．who to expect
_____ from the moon, our earth, with water _____ seven percent of its surface, appears as "blue ball".
A．Seen; covered B．Seeing; covering
C．Seen; covering D．To see; to cover
—Mum, the flowers are so beautiful. Let's pick some.
—Oh, dear. We shouldn't pick flowers in the park. Just leave them _____.
A．to grow B．growing C．grow D．grown
Can you find a new way _____ out this Maths problem
A．to work B．worked C．working D．to working
My sister is a book lover and she enjoys _____ very much.
A．read B．reading C．to read D．to reading
Lucy has few close friends, so she really doesn't know _____ about her problems.
A．who to speak B．who to talk with
C．who to say D．what to talk
_____ water is easy to _____.
A．Drinking polluted; get ill B．To drink pollution; get ill
C．To drink polluted; make ill D．Drinking pollution; make ill
_____ is a great way _____ English.
A．Note; to learn B．To note; learn
C．Noting; learn D．Noting; to learn
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
_____ more vegetables _____ good for your health.
A．Eat; is B．Eating; is C．Eating; are D．Eat; are
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
—Do you like swimming
—Yes, _____ is a good way _____ fit.
A．swim; to keep B．to swims; keep
C．swimming; to keep D．swimming; keeping
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
I think _____ a foreign language is not easy. You should _____ it often.
A．to learn; to practice B．learning; practice
C．learn; practicing D．learns; to practice
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
Although John loves KFC, he tries _____ it too often.
A．to eat B．not eat C．to not eat D．not to eat
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
They decided _____ there by bus because there were few buses in the town.
A．to go B．go C．not go D．not to go
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
My cousin Lisa loves cooking and _____ nice food _____ her friends.
A．share; with B．share; to C．sharing; with D．sharing; to
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
It is very hot today. I think the water in the river is _____ for us _____.
A．warm enough; swimming B．enough warm; swimming
C．warm enough; to swim D．enough warm; to swim
根据语境，选出最佳选项。
Andy loves playing the piano. He _____ the piano after school very often.
A．is heard play B．is heard to play
C．hears playing D．hears play
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
Please fix the _____ tap.
A．drip B．dripping C．dripped D．drips
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
She herself directed the film _____ her own novel.
A．basing B．basing on C．based D．based on
T'ai chi is my favorite and I often play it _____ healthy.
A．to keep B．keeps C．keeping D．kept
—Hi, Mr. Zhang, do you often come here to climb the mountains
—Yes, _____ exercise. You see, I'm healthier than before.
A．to get B．getting C．get D．gets
_____ there, I go along the street and turn right on Green Street.
A．Get B．To get C．Getting D．Gets
We put up our tents and _____ a fire _____ us warm.
A．make; keeping B．made; kept
C．made; to keep D．making; to keep
My sister stayed up late last night _____ study _____ a test.
A．for; for B．to; for C．for; to D．at; to
He can do what he can ____ the children in his neighborhood.
A．to help B．help C．helps D．helping
—Excuse me. Could you please tell me _____ my car
—Sure. Park it right here. I'll help you.
A．how to stop B．when to park C．where to park D．why to park
I come here _____ for my dictionary you borrowed from me two weeks ago.
A．to ask B．ask C．asking D．asked
The old man had problems breathing. What should we do _____ him
A．to help B．helps C．helping D．help
I usually don't have any time _____ exercise on school days.
A．do B．does C．doing D．to do
答案
一、选择题（共50题）
1. 【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词和动词词义。句意：——李先生是一个动物爱好者，他总是尽一切所能去保护动物。——哦，他是动物真正的朋友。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式来表示目的，则 B，D 两项错误；hunt 意为“捕杀”，protect 意为“保护”，则 A 项错误。故选 C。
【知识点】protect、作目的状语
2. 【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——你知道他为什么离开得这么早吗？表演是如此精彩。——我猜是为了英语考试而学习。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式表示目的。
【知识点】作目的状语
3. 【答案】B
【解析】句意：他尝试各种他能想到的方法来学好英语。此处用动词不定式 to do sth 来表示目的。故选 B。
【知识点】作目的状语
4. 【答案】D
【解析】表示目的，用 to do 的不定式
【知识点】作目的状语
5. 【答案】C
【知识点】作目的状语
6. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语固定搭配。1. compare with 表示 “把……和……相比，比较……（常表示同类相比，比较）”，2. compare to 表示“把……比作……，比喻为……（常表示异类相比，比喻）”，例如：We often compare a teacher to a candle.（我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。）3. Compared to 与 compared with 可通用，放于句首，意为“与……相比”，可视为独立成分，用作状语。Compared with/ to silk, cotton is cheap.（和丝绸相比，棉花更便宜。）。结合句意可知填 Compared with/ to；句意：与其他学生相比，李伟在这次比赛中做得更好。选 C。
【知识点】作状语、compare…with…
7. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。got lost 迷路；stuck to 坚持，信守，忠于；listened 听。句意：——你的英语提高了很多。你是怎么做到的？——我答应王老师每天练习英语，我遵守了诺言。
【知识点】作补语、stuck
8. 【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句。英语中表示“怎样做这件事，如何做这件事”用 how to do sth。意思是：Tony 不知道如何到银行去。故选：A。
【知识点】get to、how to do
9. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词用法。be made to do sth. 被迫做某事情。根据句意，——看！Linda 看起来很焦虑。——是的，她不懂法语，但是她被迫在两天之内学习一首法语歌。故选：D。
【知识点】被动语态还原不定式to
10. 【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我们可以用微信互相交谈。——真的吗？你会给我展示怎样用吗？本题考查的是宾语从句，根据宾语从句中的语序用陈述语序，排除 C 和 D，由所给空前面的 Would you show me 可知，应该是怎样使用它，排除 A，“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”这种结构可以作宾语。
【知识点】how to do
11. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词不定式作定语。句意：——孩子们，我有激动人心的事情要告诉你们。——真的吗？什么事？tell 告诉；telling 告诉，tell 的 ing 形式；to tell 告诉，tell 的动词不定式形式；told 告诉，tell 的过去式。动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。这里是动词不定式“to tell you”放在所修饰词“something exciting”之后，做后置定语。
【知识点】作定语
12. 【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天早上我起得特别早，去火车站接我最好的朋友。A.动词不定式；B.动名词或者现在分词；C.过去分词；D.动词原形。根据句意和逻辑关系可知，这里应该选用动词不定式的结构，表目的。故选 A。
【知识点】作目的状语
13. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词不定式。buy 为动词，意为“买”，在此使用动词不定式 to buy 表示目的。句意：——妈妈，我需要一支特殊的钢笔来画这幅画。——好的。我们去超市买一支吧。
【知识点】作目的状语
14. 【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语。A.helped 过去式/过去分词；B.helping 现在分词；C.help 动词原形；D.to help 动词不定式。句意为：李先生是一个善良的人。他尽其所能帮助无家可归的人。这里应该使用不定式来表示目的，表示他做了所有他可以做的事情，为的是帮助无家可归的人。故答案为 D。
【知识点】作目的状语、help
15. 【答案】D
【解析】——作为一个新学生，在我们班里杰克不知道指望谁。
——我们去帮助他吧。
根据题干可知考查疑问词接不定式，结合选项，A.期待什么 B.什么时候期待 C.如何期待 D.指望谁，选项 D 符合题意。
【知识点】who to do
16. 【答案】C
【知识点】what to do
17. 【答案】C
【解析】——你能告诉我怎么处理这个问题吗？
——对不起，我不知道。
根据 Could you tell me 再结合选项，可知 Could you tell me 后面是跟一个宾语从句，A 连接词错误，应该用 if/ whether。B 应该用“主语+谓语”的陈述语序。D 上下文时态不一致。C 是“疑问词+to do”的形式做直接宾语，构成双宾语“tell sb sth”。
【知识点】宾语从句语序、how to do
18. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词。根据 can 后面加动词原形可知。句意：——你能帮我学英语吗？——当然可以。我会尽我所能帮助你。故选 A。
【知识点】help、作目的状语
19. 【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意为：作为志愿者，我们应该尽可能的做一些力所能及的事情去帮助那些生病的孩子。应使用 to do 作目的状语。
【知识点】作目的状语、encourage
20. 【答案】A
【解析】考查疑问词。句意为“——你能告诉我怎么和李小姐见面吗？——请填写这张表并且给她打电话跟你见面”。根据答句，这里是问方式，所以用 how 提问。
【知识点】how to do
21. 【答案】B
【解析】考查疑问词+to do 不定式。根据答语中的 park 可知，空处也应该出现 park。再根据句意，对不起打扰了，你能告诉我该把车停在哪里吗？当然可以，刚好把它停在这里吧，故选：B。
【知识点】where to do、park
22. 【答案】B
【知识点】作结果状语、walk
23. 【答案】A
【知识点】what to do、expect
24. 【答案】B
【解析】本题考查过去分词和 with 的复合结构。分词做状语时，如果动词与后面的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式，如果构成被动关系，就使用过去分词；本题的 see 与 our earth 构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词。With 复合结构中 water 与 cover 构成主动关系，则使用现在分词的形式。句意：从月球上看，因为有水覆盖着，我们的地球似乎是一个蓝色的球。故选：B。
【知识点】现在分词
25. 【答案】B
【解析】——妈妈，这些花太漂亮了，让我们采摘一些吧。——哦，亲爱的。我们不应该在公园里摘花。让它们继续生长。根据 We shouldn't pick flowers in the park，可知我们不应该在公园里摘花。让它们继续生长。leave sth doing 让某物继续……故选：B。
【知识点】作状语
26. 【答案】A
【知识点】作定语
27. 【答案】B
【知识点】作宾语、enjoy doing sth.
28. 【答案】B
【知识点】who to do
29. 【答案】A
【知识点】作补语、作主语
30. 【答案】D
【解析】Noting 为动名词形式作主语，表示做笔记；a great way to do sth. 意为“一个做某事的好方法”。
【知识点】作主语
31. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是动名词和主谓一致。句意：多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。动词作主语时要用动名词形式，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。eat v.吃，动名词形式为eating。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】不定式、动名词或从句、作主语
32. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是动名词以及固定搭配 。句意：——你喜欢游泳吗？——是的，游泳是保持健康的好方法。swim 游泳，动名词形式是swimming；keep 保持；第一空用动名词作句子主语；a way to do sth. 做某事的方法。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】作定语、作主语
33. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是动词的用法。句意：我认为学习一门外语不容易。你应该经常练习它。learn 学习，动词；practice 练习，动词；分析句子结构可知，第一空用动名词形式作宾语从句的主语；由should可知第二空用动词原形。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】情态动词后加动词原形、作主语
34. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是固定短语。句意：虽然John喜爱肯德基，但他努力不经常吃。try to do 努力做；try not to do 努力不做。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】否定式、作宾语、try (not) to do
35. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是固定搭配。句意：他们决定不乘公共汽车去那里，因为那个镇上的公共汽车很少。go 去，动词；decide to do sth. 决定做某事；decide not to do sth. 决定不做某事。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】否定式、作宾语、decide (not) to do sth.
36. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是固定短语。句意：我的堂妹Lisa喜欢烹饪和与她的朋友们一起分享美食。love doing sth. 喜欢做某事，share 分享，动词，与cooking是并列关系；share sth. with sb. 和某人一起分享某物。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】share sth. with sb.、love doing sth.、作宾语
37. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是固定用法。句意：今天很热，我认为河里的水很暖，我们可以游泳。be+形容词+enough+for sb+to do sth. 对某人来说做某事足够……。
因此，正确答案是C。
【知识点】副词enough、作补语
38. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是固定搭配和语态。句意：Andy喜欢弹钢琴。人们经常听到他在放学后弹钢琴。hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事（在被动语态中是sb. be heard to do sth.）,强调全过程或经常性动作；hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。根据句意及句中的very often可知此处指经常性动作，并且要用被动语态。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】被动语态还原不定式to
39. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是非谓语动词的辨析。句意：请修理滴水的水龙头。drip 动词，滴水；the dripping tap 滴水的水龙头，现在分词作定语。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】作定语、a dripping tap
40. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是词组的辨析。句意：她自己执导的那部以她自己的小说为基础的电影。base 以……为基础；base on 以……为基础，基于；base是及物动词，后与与介词on连用再跟宾语，此处用过去分词作后置定语。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】base on/upon、作定语
41. 【答案】A
【解析】to keep healthy 作目的状语。
【知识点】作目的状语、keep
42. 【答案】A
【解析】句中用动词不定式表示目的。
【知识点】作目的状语
43. 【答案】B
【解析】动词不定式表目的。
【知识点】作目的状语
44. 【答案】C
【解析】第一个空和 put up 并列，应用 made；第二个空是 to do 不定式表目的。
【知识点】作目的状语、make
45. 【答案】B
【解析】to do 不定式表目的；study for a test 为固定短语。
【知识点】作目的状语、for
46. 【答案】A
【知识点】作目的状语
47. 【答案】C
【知识点】where to do
48. 【答案】A
【知识点】作目的状语
49. 【答案】A
【知识点】作目的状语
50. 【答案】D
【知识点】作定语