Unit 1 Past and present（语篇练习）八年级英语下册（牛津译林版）（含解析）
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| 名称 | Unit 1 Past and present（语篇练习）八年级英语下册（牛津译林版）（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-10 10:26:13 | ||
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2022-2023 学年八年级英语下册（牛津译林版）
Unit 1 Past and present(语篇练习）
一、 完形填空
01
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1~10 各题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。
Many people like to travel by plane, but I don’t like it because the airport is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and 1 for hours for the plane. The plane is 2 , but at the same time, it still 3 hours to get out of the airport and get into the city. I think travelling by 4 is better. The train is safe. The railway station is usually in the city. The train is usually 5 and you can sleep well on it. You can walk 6 in the train and see the beautiful scenery (风景) from the 7 . The train is not so fast, so it takes a little more time. Another 8 thing is that travelling by train is cheap. I also like travelling in my own car. You can 9 your own timetable (时刻表), and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop in a hurry. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road. And the
10 may take more time.
1 ．A ．play B ．wait C ．talk D ．think
2 ．A ．fast B ．slow C ．safe D ．dangerous
3 ．A ．uses B ．pays C ．spends D ．takes
4 ．A ．train B ．bus C ．plane D ．boat
5 ．A ．comfortable B ．cheap C ．expensive D ．crowded
6 ．A ．quickly B ．quietly C ．freely D ．recently
7 ．A ．door B ．floor C ．window D ．wall
8 ．A ．bad B ．good C ．long D ．boring
9 ．A ．book B ．hear C ．make D ．see
10 ．A ．skill B ．way C ．work D ．trip
02
Allan was worried. This was his first time to go travelling 11 . He didn’t knowhow to find his seat, 12 he went to the air hostess(空姐) and asked, “Could you help me I can’t find my seat.” The air hostess showed 13 the seat and told him 14 and fasten the seat belt(安全带). She
told Allan not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Allan’s ears might feel
15 strange, but he didn’t need to 16 it because many people felt 17 that. When the plane was flying very high, Allan could stand up and walk around. He could 18 read books, newspapers or see films. The air hostess would 19 food and drinks to him. Allan would enjoy the
flight and 20 home soon.
11 ．A ．by ship B ．by plane C ．by car D ．by bus
12 ．A ．yet B ．or C ．but D ．so
13 ．A ．him B ．me C ．her D ．he
14 ．A ．stand up B ．sleep C ．to sit down D ．sit down
15 ．A ．a little B ．little C ．a bit of D ．bit
16 ．A ．worrying B ．be worried C ．worry about D ．worry
17 ．A ．in B ．for C ．as D ．like
18 ．A ．neither B ．either C ．both D ．also
19 ．A ．hold B ．take C ．bring D ．carry
20 ．A ．arrive B ．arrive in C ．get to D ．reach at
03
Life will be very different in 50 years. Many changes will take place, but 21 will the changes
be
Computers will be much smaller and 22 and there will be at least one in every home. And
23 studies will be one of the most important subjects in school then.
People will work 24 and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and travelling. 25 will be much easier and cheaper. And more and more people will go to 26 countries for
holidays.
There will be changes in our 27 too. Maybe no one will eat meat every day; instead, they eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be 28 . Work in the future will be different too. 29 and hard work can be done by robots. Because of this, 30 will not have enough work to
do. This will be a problem.
21 ．A ．why B ．how C ．when D ．what
22 ．A ．more useful B ．useful C ．helpful D ．less useful
23 ．A ．science B ．maths C ．English D ．computer
24 ．A ．fewer hours B ．more hours C . eight hours D ．more than eight hours
25 ．A ．Seeing doctors B ．Going to the cinema C . Shopping D ．Travelling
26 ．A ．rich B ．other C . poor D ．small
27 ．A ．food B ．clothes C . fruit D ．drinks
28 ．A ．father B ．thinner C . healthier D ．more pleased
29 ．A ．Safe B ．Easy C . Simple D ．Dangerous
30 ．A ．a few people B ．all the people C . many people D ．a little people
二、 阅读单选
01
Today many people all over the world ride bicycles. This is because it’s a wonderful means of transportation. It is also an excellent form of exercise. Bicycles don’t pollute the air, either. At present, there
are about a billion bicycles in the world. But how much do you know about bicycles
About 100 million bicycles are made around the world each year. Now there are over a half billion bicycles in China alone. Bikes were first brought to China in the 1800s. Today bicycles are very important
for transportation in the world.
Then who invented the bicycle A long time ago, Leonardo Da Vinci drew some rough pictures that looked like a bicycle. But he is not the inventor of a bicycle. In 1690, a Frenchman named De Sivrac invented the first bicycle. But it didn’thave pedals(脚蹬). Pedals were added in 1840 by a Scottish named Kirkpatrick
Macmillan. He is considered as the real inventor of the bicycle.
Riding a bicycle has a number of health benefits. Riding for three hours or thirty kilometres every week cuts your risk of heart disease in half. Many people in Asia and Europe use their bicycles when travelling
short distances. However, Americans only use their bicycles once in a hundred trips. If they use their bicycles
a lot, they would save a lot of gas and help protect the environment.
31 ． bicycles are made around the world each year.
A ．About 1 billion B ．About 100 million C ．About 1 million D ．About 100 billion
32 ．Which is NOT the reason that people ride bicycles according to the passage
A ．It doesn’t pollute the air. B ．It’s an excellent form of exercise.
C ．It helps people to make good friends. D ．It’s a wonderful means of transportation.
33 ．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us
A ．The types of the bicycle. B ．The advantages of the bicycle.
C ．The problems of the bicycle. D ．The inventor of the bicycle.
34 ．Who is considered as the real inventor of the bicycle according to the passage
A ．Leonardo Da Vinci. B ．A Frenchman named De Sivrac.
C ．Kirkpatrick Macmillan. D ．The passage doesn’t tell us that.
35 ．We may know that from the passage.
A ．Americans ride bicycles less than Asians B ．Europeans do not have heart diseases
C ．Asians are too poor to buy cars D ．Americans use bicycles a lot
02
My home town is a small but beautiful town. I left my home town ten years ago. Now, when I came
back, I found that it changed a lot.
When I left, there were only a few small shops in my home town. Now, there is a big supermarket in the south of the town. And there are different kinds of things in it. There is also a new hotel. There was a
great park there before, but people cut down all the trees. It is a pity.
In the north of the town, there was a town library. It was old and small ten years ago but it is big and beautiful now. And there are more books and magazines in it. People in my town like to go there to read.
There is also a new post office just across from my old school.
In the centre of the town, there is a big change: people can’t drive there, but can only walk or ride bikes.
There are also more flowers and trees in the town centre, and they are so beautiful.
Another change is the number of new restaurants. There are more restaurants in my home town. There is a new Chinese restaurant in the town centre and a new Thai restaurant near my home. I like the two
restaurants very much!
36 ．The writer left his home town .
A ．at the age often B ．ten months ago
C ．ten years ago D ．ten weeks ago
37 ．There is (are) in the writer’s home town now.
A ．a few small shops and a big supermarket
B ．a new hotel and a small shop
C ．some trees and a great park
D ．a supermarket and a new hotel
38 ．The town library was before.
A ．old and small B ．old but big
C ．big and beautiful D ．small but beautiful
39 ．Which of following statements is NOT true according to the passage
A ．There was a town library in the south of the town.
B ．The writer likes eating Chinese food and Thai food.
C ．People can’t drive in the centre of the town.
D ．People in the town like to go to the library to read books.
40 ．What is the main idea of the whole passage
A ．A big change in the north of the town.
B ．Great changes of the writer’s home town.
C ．The library in the town.
D ．A supermarket in the town.
03
In China, in Europe... in most areas, there are many kinds of transportation options you can choose. In
America, not so much!
Consider this: Europe has Eurail, a train system that covers most of the continents, and China has high- speed trains(高速列车) as well as slower trains. In fact, the whole country is full of rails, making it easy to
get anywhere. Trains are usually punctual(准时的), safe and efficient.
America has no train system to speak of. Nearly 100 major cities in America, such as Las Vegas and Nashville, have no train service at all. In South Dakota and Wyoming, many lines were given up in the last 30 years because they did not have enough money to keep them running. Some trains only run every 3 days,
so if you have to be somewhere at a certain time, you’d have to make your schedule carefully.
Is it comfortable to fly across America Well, no. If you’re hoping for something to eat, you’d better have a credit card(信用卡): all food must be bought, and you cannot pay with cash. “Plane food” is about as
expensive as food you would buy at the airport.
But it is very safe when you fly in the USA ．You can’t bring sweaters or coats on the plane. It takes
longer time to get through security than to check into your flight and get to the gate!
41 ．From the passage, we can know you can’t take a to travel in Las Vegas.
A ．plane B ．bus
C ．ship D ．train
42 ．The underlined word “schedule” means in the passage
A ．plan B ．way
C ．class D ．travel
43 ．In South Dakota, many lines were not used because .
A ．they were too old
B ．the government had built many new lines
C ．they were not fit for the new trains
D ．they didn’t have enough money to keep them running
44 ．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A ．There are many kinds of transportation options you can choose in Europe.
B ．It is very easy to take a train in China.
C ．You can pay with cash when you buy plane food in America.
D ．It is quite safe when you take a plane in the USA .
45 ．The passage mainly talks about .
A ．there are many kinds of transportation options in most countries
B ．there is not so much transportation in America
C ．America has no train system
D ．it is comfortable to fly across America
三、 短文首字母填空
01
Mr Jenkins was living in the country, and one day he wanted to go to an office in the city. He found the a 46 on a letter, got i 47 his car and drove to the city. He drove straight to the office w 48 any trouble and stopped his car in f 49 of the office. He locked his car and wanted to go into the office,
but suddenly he turned a 50 and went back to his car. He remembered that he had l 51 his keys
in it. He phoned his w 52 , and said, “E 53 me, I’ve locked my keys in my car. Please b 54
me your keys.”
Mrs Jenkins got into their o 55 car and drove 20 miles to help him. But while Mr Jenkins was waiting for his wife, he walked around his car and tried the other door. It was not locked! He locked it quickly
before his wife arrived.
02
Starlight Town is a place near Beijing. It used to b 56 the home of many wild animals. There were green trees and f 57 air. People l 58 in small villages. However, the town has c 59 over the years. There are now m 60 wide roads, buildings and people. It doesn’t provide a good e 61 any more. Now People can travel to and from the town by t 62 or bus. In the p 63 people had to use bicycles. Most people have m 64 into new flats. There have been many changes to
this place. I hope I can visit Starlight Town a 65 .
03
Ricky lived in a small town with his family. People in the town lived an easy life. Children went to school every day, and parents went to w 66 at the town’s factory. No one asked any strange
questions.
But Ricky was d 67 from other children. He did not want to go to school. He wanted to work and h 68 his family. He did not want to work at the town’s factory. He wanted to open
his o 69 store. And he always asked some s 70 questions.
Everyone laughed at Ricky, but his friend David n 71 did. David thought that Ricky was a person with many good i 72 . Although (虽然) David didn’t always agree with Ricky, he
respected (尊重) him.
With the help of his father, Ricky opened his first s 73 . Ricky worked hard and later he
had many stores. He was a successful man and m 74 to a big city.
Ricky sometimes went back to his hometown. When he went back there, he always remembered to
v 75 his good friend David. They always had a good time.
Part 2: 单元话题满分写作：变化
76．某英文报举办以“家乡的变化”为主题的征文活动。请你根据下表提示， 以“The changes in my
hometown”为题，用英语写一篇 90 词左右的短文。
过去 1 ．生活贫困，房屋破旧； 2 ．污染严重，垃圾满地； 3 ．交通不便，游客很少。
现在 1 ．生活：住房宽敞明亮，许多人有自己的汽车； 2 ．环境：山更绿，水更清，天更蓝； 3 ．旅游：每年有成千上万来自世界各地的游客。
将来 ……
注意事项： 1.短文的标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2.表格中省略号处须用 1—2 句话作适当发挥。
参考词汇：方便的 convenientThe changes in my hometown
In the past, my hometown was very small.
______________________________________________________________________________________
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77 ．请你根据下面的提示，以“My hometown”为题，写一篇 80 词左右的短文。
提示：
1 ．家乡的地理位置；
2 ．近 10 年来家乡的变化；
3 ．对家乡的感情。
My hometown
78．请根据下面表格中的内容提示， 以 Changes in Mr Zhang’s family 为题， 写一篇 100 词左右的
短文介绍张先生家二十年来的变化。文章的开头已经给出，但不计入要求词数。
二十年前 现在
房子 小而旧 住进高楼，居住的地方像花园一样
通讯 常常写信和朋友们联系 用电话或手机和朋友们联系
交通 步行或骑自行车外出 拥有一辆小汽车
生活 贫穷，但安宁、平静 轻松、舒适
Changes in Mr Zhang’s family
Great changes have taken place in Mr Zhang’s family over the past twenty years.
参考答案：
1 ．B 2 ．A 3 ．D 4 ．A 5 ．A 6 ．C 7 ．C 8 ．B 9 ．C 10 ．D
【导语】本文介绍了作者喜欢的旅行方式是乘坐火车和汽车，不喜欢乘坐飞机旅行，并介绍了他的
理由。
1 ．句意：你得早点到那里，等几个小时的飞机。
play 玩； wait 等待； talk 谈话； think 认为。 wait for“等待” ，固定短语。故选 B。
2 ．句意：飞机很快，但与此同时，从机场到市区仍然需要几个小时。
fast 快的；slow 慢的；safe 安全的；dangerous 危险的。连词 but 表示前后是转折关系， but 后表示从
机场到市区需要几个小时，很慢，所以推断 but 前表示飞机是很快的，故选 A。
3 ．句意：飞机很快，但与此同时，从机场到市区仍然需要几个小时。
uses 使用；pays 支付；spends 花费；takes 需要。本句是 It takes time to do sth“做某事需要时间” 的结
构，故选 D。
4 ．句意：我认为乘坐火车旅行更好。
train 火车；bus 公交车；plane 飞机；boat 船。根据后文的“The train is safe.”可知，此处值得是乘火车，
故选 A。
5 ．句意：火车经常是很舒服的，而且你可以在上面睡得很好。
comfortable 舒适的；cheap 便宜的；expensive 昂贵的；crowded 拥挤的。根据“you can sleep well on
it”可知，你可以在火车上睡个好觉，因此乘坐火车是很舒服的，故选 A。
6 ．句意：你可以在火车上自由行走，从窗口看到美丽的风景。
quickly 迅速地；quietly 安静地；freely 自由地；recently 最近。根据“You can walk...in the train”可知，
人们在火车上可以自由行走，故选 C。
7 ．句意：你可以在火车上自由行走，从窗口看到美丽的风景。
door 门；floor 地面；window 窗户；wall 墙。根据“...in the train and see the beautiful scenery (风景)...”
可知，在火车里看风景，应是通过窗户看到的，故选 C。
8 ．句意：另一个好处是乘火车旅行很便宜。
bad 坏的；good 好的；long 长的；boring 无聊的。根据“that travelling by train is cheap”可知，乘坐火
车很便宜，这是乘坐火车的一个好处，故选 B。
9 ．句意：你可以制定自己的时间表，你不需要匆忙赶到火车站或汽车站。
book 预定；hear 听见；make 制作；see 看见。根据“you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop
in a hurry.”可知，你不必匆忙赶到火车站或汽车站，因此表示你可以制定自己的时间表，故选 C。
10 ．句意：这趟旅行可能需要更多时间。
skill 技术；way 方法；work 工作；trip 旅行。根据“I also like travelling in my own car.”可知，此处表
示旅行，故选 D。
11 ．B 12 ．D 13 ．A 14 ．C 15 ．A 16 ．C 17 ．D 18 ．B 19 ．C 20 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了艾伦是第一次乘飞机旅行，所以他很担心，但是所有
的担心，都在空姐的帮助下解决了。
11 ．句意：这是他第一次乘飞机旅行。
by ship 乘船；by plane 乘飞机；by car 乘小汽车；by bus 乘公共汽车。根据下文“ he went to the air
hostess(空姐) and asked”可知，他是在飞机上，故选 B。
12 ．句意：他不知道怎么找他的座位，所以他向空姐询问， “你能帮助我吗？我找不到我的位置。 ” yet 至今；or 或者；but 但是；so 所以。根据上文“He didn’t know how to find his seat”可知，因为他找
不到位置所以找空姐帮忙，前后句为因果关系。故选 D。
13 ．句意：空姐带他到座位处并告诉他坐下和系好安全带。
him 他；me 我；her 她；he 他。根据下文“ and told him”可知，前后部分是由 and 连接的并列结构，
又因空处是作 showed 的宾语，所以用人称的宾格形式。故选 A。
14 ．句意：空姐带他到座位处并告诉他坐下和系好安全带。
stand up 站立； sleep 睡觉； to sit down 坐下； sit down 坐下。根据“tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事”
可知，空姐告知他坐下和系好安全带。此处是动词不定式结构，故选 C。
15 ．句意：她也说艾伦的耳朵或许会感到有点儿奇怪。
a little 一些；little 很少；a bit of 一些；bit 一点。根据“Allan’s ears might feel strange”可知空处是用来
修饰形容词。 a little 可修饰形容词和副词，其余三个是修饰不可数名词。故选 A。
16 ．但是他不需要担忧它，因为很多都会有像那样的感觉。
worrying 担心的；be worried 担忧；worry about 担心；worry 使烦恼。根据“ need to do sth”可知，空 处应用动词原形， 故排除 A。又根据“because many people felt like that”可知空姐是让他不要担心。worry
about“担心”符合， worry“使烦恼”是形容人的心情。故选 C。
17 ．句意：但是他不需要担忧它，因为很多都会有像那样的感觉。
in 在； for 为了； as 作为； like 像、 一样。根据语境可知很多人都会有一样的感受，故选 D。
18 ．句意：他要么读书看报纸要么看电影。
neither 两者都不；either 二者之一；both 两者都；also 也。根据“ read books, newspapers or see films”可
知是读书看报和看电影二者之一，either…or“要么 …要么”符合。故选 B。
19 ．句意：空姐会给他带来食物和饮料。
hold 举办 ；take 花费 ；bring 带来 ；carry 拿走 。根据语境可知 ，空姐为他提供食物和饮料，
bring…to“带来”符合，故选 C。
20 ．句意：艾伦很享受乘坐飞机，并且很快就会到家了。
arrive 到达；arrive in 到达；get to 抵达；reach at 达到。根据语境可知艾伦是很快到家，arrive 、get 为不及物动词，其后接宾语需加介词。但当其后宾语为“home”时，可直接接。而 reach 为及物动词，
接宾语是不需要介词。所以只有 arrive 符合，故选 A。
21 ．D 22 ．A 23 ．D 24 ．A 25 ．D 26 ．B 27 ．A 28 ．C 29 ．D 30 ．C
【导语】本文畅想了 50 年后，人们生活有哪些变化。
21 ．句意：生活将会发生许多变化，但这些变化会是什么呢？
why 为什么；how 如何；when 什么时候；what 什么。根据“Many changes will take place, but …will the
changes be ”可知，本句表达的是“这些变化会是什么” 。故选 D。
22 ．句意：电脑变得越来越实用并且每个家庭将至少有一台。
more useful 更加有用；useful 有用的；helpful 有帮助的；less useful 没那么有用。根据本句中的“much
smaller”可知，空格处也应填入形容词的比较级，则排除 B 、C 两项；再根据语境可知，此处是指“ 电
脑变得越来越实用” ，则应用 more useful 来表示。故选 A。
23 ．句意：计算机学习将是学校最重要的科目之一。
science 科学；maths 数学；English 英语；computer 计算机。本段内容都是围绕“ 电脑”展开的，所以
推断此处应表示“ 电脑（computer）学习将成为最重要的学科之一” 。故选 D。
24 ．句意：人们将工作更少的时间，他们将有更多的自由时间进行体育运动，看电视和旅游。
fewer hours 更少的时间；more hours 更多的时间；eight hours 八小时；more than eight hours 八小时以
上。根据后面的“…have more free time for sports, watching TV and travelling”可知， 人们将有更多的时
间来娱乐，这证明工作的时间减少了，因此 fewer hours 符合句意。故选 A。
25 ．句意：旅行将会更容易，更便宜。
Seeing doctors 看到医生；Going to the cinema 去看电影；Shopping 购物；Travelling 旅行。根据下句
末尾的“ ….for holidays”可知，此处表示“旅行（travelling）将变得更加容易也更加便宜” 。故选 D。
26 ．句意：越来越多的人会去其他国家度假。
rich 有钱的；other 其它的；poor 贫穷的；small 小的。根据上句“ …will be much easier and cheaper.”可
知，将会有更多的人能够去其他（other）国家度假。故选 B。
27 ．句意：我们的食物也会有变化。
food 食物；clothes 衣服；fruit 水果；drinks 饮料。根据下文中的“Maybe no one will eat meat every day; instead, they eat more fruit and vegetables.”可知， 这里讲的是饮食发生的变化。food 意为“食物”，符合
句意。故选 A。
28 ．句意：也许人们会更健康。
father 爸爸；thinner 更瘦的；healthier 更健康的；more pleased 更加高兴的。根据上文可推断，由于
饮食习惯发生变化，人们开始多吃水果和蔬菜，所以人们将变得更加健康（healthier）。故选 C。
29 ．句意：危险和艰苦的工作可以由机器人来做。
Safe 安全的；Easy 容易的；Simple 简单的；Dangerous 危险的。根据对上文的理解和空格后的“hard”
可推断，由于生活的改善，危险和艰难的工作将交给机器人去做。故选 D。
30 ．句意：正因为如此，许多人将没有足够的工作要做。
a few people 少数人；all the people 所有人；many people 许多人；a little people 一个小的人。根据上 文提到很多工作都是由机器人来完成可推断，许多（many）人将没有足够多的工作可做。故选 C。
31 ．B 32 ．C 33 ．D 34 ．C 35 ．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了自行车的发明，以及人们喜欢自行车的原因。
31 ．细节理解题。根据“About 100 million bicycles are made around the world each year. ”可知， 全世界
每年大约生产 1 亿辆自行车。故选 B。
32．细节理解题。根据“ This is because it’s a wonderful means of transportation. It is also an excellent form of exercise. Bicycles don’t pollute the air, either.”可知，这是因为它是一种极好的交通工具，它也是一
种极好的锻炼方式，自行车也不污染空气，不包含 C 项。故选 C。
33 ．段落大意题。根据“Then who invented the bicycle A long time ago, Leonardo Da Vinci drew some
rough pictures that looked like a bicycle.”可知，第三段主要介绍了自行车的发明者。故选 D。
34 ．细节理解题。根据“Pedals were added in 1840 by a Scottish named Kirkpatrick Macmillan. He is
considered as the real inventor of the bicycle.” 可知，Kirkpatrick Macmillan 被认为是自行车的真正发明
者。故选 C。
35 ． 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 “Many people in Asia and Europe use their bicycles when travelling short distances. However, Americans only use their bicycles once in a hundred trips.”可推断出，美国人骑自行
车比亚洲人少。故选 A。
36 ．C 37 ．D 38 ．A 39 ．A 40 ．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的家乡 10 年间发生了巨大的变化。
36 ．细节理解题。根据“ I left my home town ten years ago.”可知，作者是 10 年前离开家乡的。故选
C。
37 ．细节理解题。根据“Now, there is a big supermarket in the south of the town.”和“There is also a new
hotel.”可知，作者的家乡现在有一个大超市和一家新旅馆。故选 D。
38 ．细节理解题。根据“In the north of the town, there was a town library. It was old and small ten years
ago”可知， 10 年前的图书馆又小又旧。故选 A。
39 ．细节理解题。根据“In the north of the town, there was a town library.”可知，图书馆在城镇的北方，
而不是在南方， A 项表示有误。故选 A。
40．主旨大意题。根据“My home town is a small but beautiful town. ... I found that it changed a lot.”可知，
本文主要介绍作者所在的小镇 10 年间发生了很大的变化。故选 B。
41 ．D 42 ．A 43 ．D 44 ．C 45 ．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了在美国没有那么多的交通工具。
41．细节理解题。根据“Nearly 100 major cities in America, such as Las Vegas and Nashville, have no train
service at all.”可知在拉斯维加斯没有火车，故选 D。
42 ．词义猜测题。根据“ Some trains only run every 3 days, so if you have to be somewhere at a certain time, you’d have to make your schedule carefully”可知有些火车每三天才开一次， 所以要仔细地计划好
时间，故选 A。
43 ．细节理解题。根据“In South Dakota and Wyoming, many lines were given up in the last 30 years because they did not have enough money to keep them running”可知是因为没有足够的资金维持运转，
故选 D。
44 ．细节理解题。根据“all food must be bought, and you cannot pay with cash.”可知在美国买飞机餐不
可以用现金支付。故选 C。
45．主旨大意题。根据“In China, in Europe... in most areas, there are many kinds of transportation options you can choose. In America, not so much!”可知本文主要讲述了在美国没有那么多的交通工具，故选
B。
46 ．(a)ddress 47 ．(i)nto 48 ．(w)ithout 49 ．(f)ront 50 ．(a)round 51 ．(l)ocked 52 ．(w)ife 53
. (E)xcuse 54 ．(b)ring 55 ．(o)ther
【导语】本文主要讲述了詹金斯先生开车去城里，到达以后，发现车钥匙被锁进车里，于是打电话 要妻子送车钥匙，结果在等的过程中，发现车并没有锁，怕引起误会，在妻子到达之前，就赶紧把
车锁了起来。
46 ．句意：他在一封信上找到了地址， 上了车， 开车去了城里。根据前句“and one day he wanted to go to an office in the city.”和首字母提示可知，应是在一封信上找到了地址，故空处应是 address“地址”，
可数名词；根据空前 the 可知，此处表示特指，故应用单数形式。故填(a)ddress。
47 ．句意：他在一封信上找到了地址，上了车，开车去了城里。根据空后“and drove to the city.”和首
字母提示，应是先上了车，故空处应是 into“进入到” 。故填(i)nto。
48．句意：他毫不费事地直接开车去了办公室， 并在办公室前面停下了车。根据空前“He drove straight to the office”和首字母提示可知，应是毫不费事地直接开车去了办公室，故空处应是 without“没有”。
故填(w)ithout，
49 ．句意：他毫不费事地直接开车去了办公室，并在办公室前面停下了车。in front of“在 …… 前面”，
固定短语。故填(f)ront。
50 ．句意：但他突然转过身，回到自己的车上。根据前句“He locked his car and wanted to go into the office,”和空后句“and went back to his car.”以及首字母提示可知，应是突然转过身，故空处应是
around ，turn around“转身” 。故填(a)round。
51 ．句意：他记得他把钥匙锁在里面了。根据下文“I’ve locked my keys in my car.”和首字母提示可知， 应是记得他把钥匙锁在里面了，故空处应是 lock“锁” ，动词；根据空前 had 的提示可知，句子应是
过去完成时，构成形式为： had done ，lock 的过去分词是 locked。故填(l)ocked。
52 ．句意：他给妻子打了电话。根据后句“Please b… me your keys.”和首字母提示可知，应是给妻子
打了电话，故空处应是 wife“妻子” ，可数名词，根据空前 his 可知，名词应用单数形式。故填(w)ife。
53 ．句意：对不起，我把钥匙锁在车里了。 excuse me“对不起” ，固定搭配。故填(E)xcuse。
54 ．句意：请把你的钥匙带给我。根据前句“I’ve locked my keys in my car.”和首字母提示可知，应是 把你的钥匙带给我，故空处应是 bring“带来” ，动词，句子是祈使句，Please 后加动词原形。故填
(b)ring。
55 ．句意：詹金斯太太上了另一辆车，开了 20 英里来帮助他。根据上文詹金斯先生已经开一辆车来 到城市里和后句“and drove 20 miles to help him.” 以及首字母提示可知， 应是詹金斯太太上了另一辆车，
故空处应是 other“其他的” 。故填(o)ther。
56．(b)e 57．(f)resh 58．(l)ived 59．(c)hanged 60．(m)any 61．(e)nvironment 62．(t)rain 63
. (p)ast 64 ．(m)oved 65 ．(a)gain
【导语】本文主要介绍了星光镇过去的生活和现在的生活的对比。
56 ．句意：它曾经是许多野生动物的家园。根据“It used to... the home of many wild animals”以及首字
母可知曾经是动物的家园， used to be“曾经是” 。故填(b)e。
57．句意：那里有绿树和新鲜的空气。根据“There were green trees and...air”以及首字母可知此处指“新
鲜的空气” ，fresh“新鲜的” ，形容词作定语。故填(f)resh。
58 ．句意：人们住在小村庄里。根据“in small villages”以及首字母可知人们居住在小村庄里， live“居
住” ，此处描述过去的情况，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(l)ived。
59 ．句意：然而，这个小镇多年来发生了变化。根据后文的描述可知，小镇发生了很多变化，
change“变化” ，此处用过去分词和助动词 has 构成现在完成时。故填(c)hanged。
60 ．句意：现在有许多宽阔的道路、建筑物和人。根据“There are now...wide roads, buildings and people”以及首字母可知有许多道路、建筑物和人，修饰可数名词复数用 many“很多”。故填(m)any。 61 ．句意：它不再提供良好的环境。根据“wide roads, buildings and people”以及首字母可知，现在有
宽阔的道路、建筑物和人，所以它不能提供好的环境了， environment“环境” 。故填(e)nvironment。
62．句意：现在人们可以乘坐火车或公共汽车往返城镇。根据“Now People can travel to and from the town
by...or bus”以及首字母可知是坐火车， by train“坐火车” 。故填(t)rain。
63．句意：过去人们不得不使用自行车。根据“Now People can travel to and from the town by...or bus. In
the...people had to use bicycles”可知现在人们坐火车或公交车， 但是过去人们骑自行车， in the past“过
去” 。故填(p)ast。
64 ．句意：大多数人都搬进了新公寓。根据“Most people have...into new flats”以及首字母可知是搬进
公寓， move“搬家” ，此处用过去分词和助动词 have 构成现在完成时。故填(m)oved。
65 ．句意：我希望我能再次参观星光镇。根据“I hope I can visit Starlight Town”以及首字母可知是希
望能再次来， again“再一次” 。故填(a)gain。
66 ．(w)ork 67 ．(d)ifferent 68 ．(h)elp 69 ．(o)wn 70 ．(s)trange 71 ．(n)ever 72 ．(i)deas 73 .
(s)tore 74 ．(m)oved 75 ．(v)isit
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， Ricky 住在一个小城镇， 他不想上学， 也不想去工厂里上班， 他想开自 己的店。其他人都嘲笑 Ricky，但是他的朋友 David 却一直相信他。最终 Ricky 成功了， 每次回去拜
访 David，他们都非常愉快。
66 ．句意：孩子们每天去上学，父母们去镇上的工厂上班。根据后文“He did not want to work at the
town’s factory.”可知，是去工厂上班，用于 go to work 短语中，使用动词原形，故填(w)ork。
67．句意：但是 Ricky 和其他孩子不同。根据“But Ricky was d…from other children.”和后文描述可知，
Ricky 与其他孩子不同，此处是 be different from 短语，意为“与……不同” ，故填(d)ifferent。
68 ．句意：他想工作并帮助他的家人。根据“He wanted to work and h…his family.”可知，Ricky 想要
工作帮助家人，用于 want to do sth 短语中，使用动词原形，故填(h)elp。
69．句意：他想开自己的商店。根据“He did not want to work at the town’s factory. He wanted to open his o…store.”可知，Ricky 不想去工厂上班，想自己开店，own“自己的” ，作定语修饰 store ，故填(o)wn。 70 ．句意：他总是问一些奇怪的问题。根据后文“Everyone laughed at Ricky”可知，其他人都嘲笑
Ricky，所以问的问题是很奇怪的，用形容词 strange 作定语修饰 questions，故填(s)trange。
71．句意：每个人都嘲笑 Ricky，但他的朋友 David 从不嘲笑他。根据“but”可知， 前后句意转折， David
从不嘲笑他，用副词 never 表示否定，故填(n)ever。
72．句意：David 认为 Ricky 是一个有很多好主意的人。根据“David thought that Ricky was a person with many good i…”可知， Ricky 是一个有很多好主意的人， idea“主意” ，此前有 many 修饰， 使用名词复
数形式，故填(i)deas。
73．句意：在他父亲的帮助下， Ricky 开了他的第一家店。根据“Ricky worked hard and later he had many
stores.”可知，此处表示“店” ，用名词 store 作宾语，故填(s)tore。
74 ．句意：他是个成功的人，搬到了大城市。根据后文“Ricky sometimes went back to his hometown.”
可知， Ricky 搬到了大城市， moved“搬家” ，本句陈述过去的动作，用过去式，故填(m)oved。
75 ．句意：Ricky 有时会回他的家乡。当他回到那里时，他总是记得去看他的好朋友 David。他们总 是玩得很开心。根据“he always remembered to v…his good friend David”可知，是回到家乡拜访朋友，
用于 remember to do sth 短语中，使用动词原形，故填(v)isit。
76 ．例文
The changes in my hometown
In the past, my hometown was very small. People lived a poor life. The houses were old. The pollution
was serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. The traffic was not very convenient so few people came here.
Now great changes have taken place here. The environment has become more beautiful. The mountains have turned greener, the rivers are cleaner and the sky is bluer. People live a better life. Their houses are large and bright. Many people have their own cars. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come
to visit my hometown.
I’m sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.
【详解】1.题干解读：本文以“The changes in my hometown”为题并结合题干中表格里的内容介绍自己
家乡的变化，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。文章分为三段，第一段主要描述家乡过去的情 况；第二段描述家乡现在的情况；第三段表达愿望。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、
逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
77 ．例文：
My hometown
My hometown is a beautiful place. It stands beside a wide river and is rich in fish and rice.
But ten years ago, it was a poor town. Many people had no jobs. They used to live a hard life. In the past ten years, great changes have taken place here. People have widened the streets and built new roads.
Factories, schools, hospitals and cinemas have appeared one after another. People’s life has greatly improved.
I love my hometown. I love its people. They are still working hard to make it richer and more beautiful.
【详解】 1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。根据所给提示，以“我的家乡”为题写一篇短文。
2.写作指导：本文采用一般现在时和一般过去时/现在完成时相结合，一般现在时描述客观事实，一
般过去时/现在完成时描述家乡的变化。人称采用第一人称和第三人称相结合。分为三段式：第一段
描述家乡的地理位置；第二段描写家乡十年来的变化；第三段表达自己对家乡的感情。写作时保持
主谓一致性，逻辑性要强，无语法和标点错误。
78 ．例文：
Changes in Mr Zhang’s family
Great changes have taken place in Mr Zhang’s family over the past twenty years.
They used to live in a small and old house twenty years ago. But now they have moved into a tall
building. Their living place looks like gardens.
Mr Zhang used to write letters to his friends, but now he uses a telephone or a mobile phone. Mr Zhang has his own car and it is easier for his family to travel. But in the past, they could only walk or ride bikes to
somewhere.
Mr Zhang’s life in the past was poor but peaceful and quiet. Now, he has changed his lifestyle and he is
enjoying the easy and comfortable life.
【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求以“Changes in Mr Zhang’s family”为题写一篇短文介绍张先生家二十
年来的变化，要包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要承接已给出开头，以第三人称为主，使用一般过去时和一般现在时相结合来
对比今昔。写作内容要包含房子、通讯、交通和生活几个方面。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
Unit 1 Past and present(语篇练习）
一、 完形填空
01
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1~10 各题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。
Many people like to travel by plane, but I don’t like it because the airport is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and 1 for hours for the plane. The plane is 2 , but at the same time, it still 3 hours to get out of the airport and get into the city. I think travelling by 4 is better. The train is safe. The railway station is usually in the city. The train is usually 5 and you can sleep well on it. You can walk 6 in the train and see the beautiful scenery (风景) from the 7 . The train is not so fast, so it takes a little more time. Another 8 thing is that travelling by train is cheap. I also like travelling in my own car. You can 9 your own timetable (时刻表), and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop in a hurry. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road. And the
10 may take more time.
1 ．A ．play B ．wait C ．talk D ．think
2 ．A ．fast B ．slow C ．safe D ．dangerous
3 ．A ．uses B ．pays C ．spends D ．takes
4 ．A ．train B ．bus C ．plane D ．boat
5 ．A ．comfortable B ．cheap C ．expensive D ．crowded
6 ．A ．quickly B ．quietly C ．freely D ．recently
7 ．A ．door B ．floor C ．window D ．wall
8 ．A ．bad B ．good C ．long D ．boring
9 ．A ．book B ．hear C ．make D ．see
10 ．A ．skill B ．way C ．work D ．trip
02
Allan was worried. This was his first time to go travelling 11 . He didn’t knowhow to find his seat, 12 he went to the air hostess(空姐) and asked, “Could you help me I can’t find my seat.” The air hostess showed 13 the seat and told him 14 and fasten the seat belt(安全带). She
told Allan not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Allan’s ears might feel
15 strange, but he didn’t need to 16 it because many people felt 17 that. When the plane was flying very high, Allan could stand up and walk around. He could 18 read books, newspapers or see films. The air hostess would 19 food and drinks to him. Allan would enjoy the
flight and 20 home soon.
11 ．A ．by ship B ．by plane C ．by car D ．by bus
12 ．A ．yet B ．or C ．but D ．so
13 ．A ．him B ．me C ．her D ．he
14 ．A ．stand up B ．sleep C ．to sit down D ．sit down
15 ．A ．a little B ．little C ．a bit of D ．bit
16 ．A ．worrying B ．be worried C ．worry about D ．worry
17 ．A ．in B ．for C ．as D ．like
18 ．A ．neither B ．either C ．both D ．also
19 ．A ．hold B ．take C ．bring D ．carry
20 ．A ．arrive B ．arrive in C ．get to D ．reach at
03
Life will be very different in 50 years. Many changes will take place, but 21 will the changes
be
Computers will be much smaller and 22 and there will be at least one in every home. And
23 studies will be one of the most important subjects in school then.
People will work 24 and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and travelling. 25 will be much easier and cheaper. And more and more people will go to 26 countries for
holidays.
There will be changes in our 27 too. Maybe no one will eat meat every day; instead, they eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be 28 . Work in the future will be different too. 29 and hard work can be done by robots. Because of this, 30 will not have enough work to
do. This will be a problem.
21 ．A ．why B ．how C ．when D ．what
22 ．A ．more useful B ．useful C ．helpful D ．less useful
23 ．A ．science B ．maths C ．English D ．computer
24 ．A ．fewer hours B ．more hours C . eight hours D ．more than eight hours
25 ．A ．Seeing doctors B ．Going to the cinema C . Shopping D ．Travelling
26 ．A ．rich B ．other C . poor D ．small
27 ．A ．food B ．clothes C . fruit D ．drinks
28 ．A ．father B ．thinner C . healthier D ．more pleased
29 ．A ．Safe B ．Easy C . Simple D ．Dangerous
30 ．A ．a few people B ．all the people C . many people D ．a little people
二、 阅读单选
01
Today many people all over the world ride bicycles. This is because it’s a wonderful means of transportation. It is also an excellent form of exercise. Bicycles don’t pollute the air, either. At present, there
are about a billion bicycles in the world. But how much do you know about bicycles
About 100 million bicycles are made around the world each year. Now there are over a half billion bicycles in China alone. Bikes were first brought to China in the 1800s. Today bicycles are very important
for transportation in the world.
Then who invented the bicycle A long time ago, Leonardo Da Vinci drew some rough pictures that looked like a bicycle. But he is not the inventor of a bicycle. In 1690, a Frenchman named De Sivrac invented the first bicycle. But it didn’thave pedals(脚蹬). Pedals were added in 1840 by a Scottish named Kirkpatrick
Macmillan. He is considered as the real inventor of the bicycle.
Riding a bicycle has a number of health benefits. Riding for three hours or thirty kilometres every week cuts your risk of heart disease in half. Many people in Asia and Europe use their bicycles when travelling
short distances. However, Americans only use their bicycles once in a hundred trips. If they use their bicycles
a lot, they would save a lot of gas and help protect the environment.
31 ． bicycles are made around the world each year.
A ．About 1 billion B ．About 100 million C ．About 1 million D ．About 100 billion
32 ．Which is NOT the reason that people ride bicycles according to the passage
A ．It doesn’t pollute the air. B ．It’s an excellent form of exercise.
C ．It helps people to make good friends. D ．It’s a wonderful means of transportation.
33 ．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us
A ．The types of the bicycle. B ．The advantages of the bicycle.
C ．The problems of the bicycle. D ．The inventor of the bicycle.
34 ．Who is considered as the real inventor of the bicycle according to the passage
A ．Leonardo Da Vinci. B ．A Frenchman named De Sivrac.
C ．Kirkpatrick Macmillan. D ．The passage doesn’t tell us that.
35 ．We may know that from the passage.
A ．Americans ride bicycles less than Asians B ．Europeans do not have heart diseases
C ．Asians are too poor to buy cars D ．Americans use bicycles a lot
02
My home town is a small but beautiful town. I left my home town ten years ago. Now, when I came
back, I found that it changed a lot.
When I left, there were only a few small shops in my home town. Now, there is a big supermarket in the south of the town. And there are different kinds of things in it. There is also a new hotel. There was a
great park there before, but people cut down all the trees. It is a pity.
In the north of the town, there was a town library. It was old and small ten years ago but it is big and beautiful now. And there are more books and magazines in it. People in my town like to go there to read.
There is also a new post office just across from my old school.
In the centre of the town, there is a big change: people can’t drive there, but can only walk or ride bikes.
There are also more flowers and trees in the town centre, and they are so beautiful.
Another change is the number of new restaurants. There are more restaurants in my home town. There is a new Chinese restaurant in the town centre and a new Thai restaurant near my home. I like the two
restaurants very much!
36 ．The writer left his home town .
A ．at the age often B ．ten months ago
C ．ten years ago D ．ten weeks ago
37 ．There is (are) in the writer’s home town now.
A ．a few small shops and a big supermarket
B ．a new hotel and a small shop
C ．some trees and a great park
D ．a supermarket and a new hotel
38 ．The town library was before.
A ．old and small B ．old but big
C ．big and beautiful D ．small but beautiful
39 ．Which of following statements is NOT true according to the passage
A ．There was a town library in the south of the town.
B ．The writer likes eating Chinese food and Thai food.
C ．People can’t drive in the centre of the town.
D ．People in the town like to go to the library to read books.
40 ．What is the main idea of the whole passage
A ．A big change in the north of the town.
B ．Great changes of the writer’s home town.
C ．The library in the town.
D ．A supermarket in the town.
03
In China, in Europe... in most areas, there are many kinds of transportation options you can choose. In
America, not so much!
Consider this: Europe has Eurail, a train system that covers most of the continents, and China has high- speed trains(高速列车) as well as slower trains. In fact, the whole country is full of rails, making it easy to
get anywhere. Trains are usually punctual(准时的), safe and efficient.
America has no train system to speak of. Nearly 100 major cities in America, such as Las Vegas and Nashville, have no train service at all. In South Dakota and Wyoming, many lines were given up in the last 30 years because they did not have enough money to keep them running. Some trains only run every 3 days,
so if you have to be somewhere at a certain time, you’d have to make your schedule carefully.
Is it comfortable to fly across America Well, no. If you’re hoping for something to eat, you’d better have a credit card(信用卡): all food must be bought, and you cannot pay with cash. “Plane food” is about as
expensive as food you would buy at the airport.
But it is very safe when you fly in the USA ．You can’t bring sweaters or coats on the plane. It takes
longer time to get through security than to check into your flight and get to the gate!
41 ．From the passage, we can know you can’t take a to travel in Las Vegas.
A ．plane B ．bus
C ．ship D ．train
42 ．The underlined word “schedule” means in the passage
A ．plan B ．way
C ．class D ．travel
43 ．In South Dakota, many lines were not used because .
A ．they were too old
B ．the government had built many new lines
C ．they were not fit for the new trains
D ．they didn’t have enough money to keep them running
44 ．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A ．There are many kinds of transportation options you can choose in Europe.
B ．It is very easy to take a train in China.
C ．You can pay with cash when you buy plane food in America.
D ．It is quite safe when you take a plane in the USA .
45 ．The passage mainly talks about .
A ．there are many kinds of transportation options in most countries
B ．there is not so much transportation in America
C ．America has no train system
D ．it is comfortable to fly across America
三、 短文首字母填空
01
Mr Jenkins was living in the country, and one day he wanted to go to an office in the city. He found the a 46 on a letter, got i 47 his car and drove to the city. He drove straight to the office w 48 any trouble and stopped his car in f 49 of the office. He locked his car and wanted to go into the office,
but suddenly he turned a 50 and went back to his car. He remembered that he had l 51 his keys
in it. He phoned his w 52 , and said, “E 53 me, I’ve locked my keys in my car. Please b 54
me your keys.”
Mrs Jenkins got into their o 55 car and drove 20 miles to help him. But while Mr Jenkins was waiting for his wife, he walked around his car and tried the other door. It was not locked! He locked it quickly
before his wife arrived.
02
Starlight Town is a place near Beijing. It used to b 56 the home of many wild animals. There were green trees and f 57 air. People l 58 in small villages. However, the town has c 59 over the years. There are now m 60 wide roads, buildings and people. It doesn’t provide a good e 61 any more. Now People can travel to and from the town by t 62 or bus. In the p 63 people had to use bicycles. Most people have m 64 into new flats. There have been many changes to
this place. I hope I can visit Starlight Town a 65 .
03
Ricky lived in a small town with his family. People in the town lived an easy life. Children went to school every day, and parents went to w 66 at the town’s factory. No one asked any strange
questions.
But Ricky was d 67 from other children. He did not want to go to school. He wanted to work and h 68 his family. He did not want to work at the town’s factory. He wanted to open
his o 69 store. And he always asked some s 70 questions.
Everyone laughed at Ricky, but his friend David n 71 did. David thought that Ricky was a person with many good i 72 . Although (虽然) David didn’t always agree with Ricky, he
respected (尊重) him.
With the help of his father, Ricky opened his first s 73 . Ricky worked hard and later he
had many stores. He was a successful man and m 74 to a big city.
Ricky sometimes went back to his hometown. When he went back there, he always remembered to
v 75 his good friend David. They always had a good time.
Part 2: 单元话题满分写作：变化
76．某英文报举办以“家乡的变化”为主题的征文活动。请你根据下表提示， 以“The changes in my
hometown”为题，用英语写一篇 90 词左右的短文。
过去 1 ．生活贫困，房屋破旧； 2 ．污染严重，垃圾满地； 3 ．交通不便，游客很少。
现在 1 ．生活：住房宽敞明亮，许多人有自己的汽车； 2 ．环境：山更绿，水更清，天更蓝； 3 ．旅游：每年有成千上万来自世界各地的游客。
将来 ……
注意事项： 1.短文的标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2.表格中省略号处须用 1—2 句话作适当发挥。
参考词汇：方便的 convenientThe changes in my hometown
In the past, my hometown was very small.
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77 ．请你根据下面的提示，以“My hometown”为题，写一篇 80 词左右的短文。
提示：
1 ．家乡的地理位置；
2 ．近 10 年来家乡的变化；
3 ．对家乡的感情。
My hometown
78．请根据下面表格中的内容提示， 以 Changes in Mr Zhang’s family 为题， 写一篇 100 词左右的
短文介绍张先生家二十年来的变化。文章的开头已经给出，但不计入要求词数。
二十年前 现在
房子 小而旧 住进高楼，居住的地方像花园一样
通讯 常常写信和朋友们联系 用电话或手机和朋友们联系
交通 步行或骑自行车外出 拥有一辆小汽车
生活 贫穷，但安宁、平静 轻松、舒适
Changes in Mr Zhang’s family
Great changes have taken place in Mr Zhang’s family over the past twenty years.
参考答案：
1 ．B 2 ．A 3 ．D 4 ．A 5 ．A 6 ．C 7 ．C 8 ．B 9 ．C 10 ．D
【导语】本文介绍了作者喜欢的旅行方式是乘坐火车和汽车，不喜欢乘坐飞机旅行，并介绍了他的
理由。
1 ．句意：你得早点到那里，等几个小时的飞机。
play 玩； wait 等待； talk 谈话； think 认为。 wait for“等待” ，固定短语。故选 B。
2 ．句意：飞机很快，但与此同时，从机场到市区仍然需要几个小时。
fast 快的；slow 慢的；safe 安全的；dangerous 危险的。连词 but 表示前后是转折关系， but 后表示从
机场到市区需要几个小时，很慢，所以推断 but 前表示飞机是很快的，故选 A。
3 ．句意：飞机很快，但与此同时，从机场到市区仍然需要几个小时。
uses 使用；pays 支付；spends 花费；takes 需要。本句是 It takes time to do sth“做某事需要时间” 的结
构，故选 D。
4 ．句意：我认为乘坐火车旅行更好。
train 火车；bus 公交车；plane 飞机；boat 船。根据后文的“The train is safe.”可知，此处值得是乘火车，
故选 A。
5 ．句意：火车经常是很舒服的，而且你可以在上面睡得很好。
comfortable 舒适的；cheap 便宜的；expensive 昂贵的；crowded 拥挤的。根据“you can sleep well on
it”可知，你可以在火车上睡个好觉，因此乘坐火车是很舒服的，故选 A。
6 ．句意：你可以在火车上自由行走，从窗口看到美丽的风景。
quickly 迅速地；quietly 安静地；freely 自由地；recently 最近。根据“You can walk...in the train”可知，
人们在火车上可以自由行走，故选 C。
7 ．句意：你可以在火车上自由行走，从窗口看到美丽的风景。
door 门；floor 地面；window 窗户；wall 墙。根据“...in the train and see the beautiful scenery (风景)...”
可知，在火车里看风景，应是通过窗户看到的，故选 C。
8 ．句意：另一个好处是乘火车旅行很便宜。
bad 坏的；good 好的；long 长的；boring 无聊的。根据“that travelling by train is cheap”可知，乘坐火
车很便宜，这是乘坐火车的一个好处，故选 B。
9 ．句意：你可以制定自己的时间表，你不需要匆忙赶到火车站或汽车站。
book 预定；hear 听见；make 制作；see 看见。根据“you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop
in a hurry.”可知，你不必匆忙赶到火车站或汽车站，因此表示你可以制定自己的时间表，故选 C。
10 ．句意：这趟旅行可能需要更多时间。
skill 技术；way 方法；work 工作；trip 旅行。根据“I also like travelling in my own car.”可知，此处表
示旅行，故选 D。
11 ．B 12 ．D 13 ．A 14 ．C 15 ．A 16 ．C 17 ．D 18 ．B 19 ．C 20 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了艾伦是第一次乘飞机旅行，所以他很担心，但是所有
的担心，都在空姐的帮助下解决了。
11 ．句意：这是他第一次乘飞机旅行。
by ship 乘船；by plane 乘飞机；by car 乘小汽车；by bus 乘公共汽车。根据下文“ he went to the air
hostess(空姐) and asked”可知，他是在飞机上，故选 B。
12 ．句意：他不知道怎么找他的座位，所以他向空姐询问， “你能帮助我吗？我找不到我的位置。 ” yet 至今；or 或者；but 但是；so 所以。根据上文“He didn’t know how to find his seat”可知，因为他找
不到位置所以找空姐帮忙，前后句为因果关系。故选 D。
13 ．句意：空姐带他到座位处并告诉他坐下和系好安全带。
him 他；me 我；her 她；he 他。根据下文“ and told him”可知，前后部分是由 and 连接的并列结构，
又因空处是作 showed 的宾语，所以用人称的宾格形式。故选 A。
14 ．句意：空姐带他到座位处并告诉他坐下和系好安全带。
stand up 站立； sleep 睡觉； to sit down 坐下； sit down 坐下。根据“tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事”
可知，空姐告知他坐下和系好安全带。此处是动词不定式结构，故选 C。
15 ．句意：她也说艾伦的耳朵或许会感到有点儿奇怪。
a little 一些；little 很少；a bit of 一些；bit 一点。根据“Allan’s ears might feel strange”可知空处是用来
修饰形容词。 a little 可修饰形容词和副词，其余三个是修饰不可数名词。故选 A。
16 ．但是他不需要担忧它，因为很多都会有像那样的感觉。
worrying 担心的；be worried 担忧；worry about 担心；worry 使烦恼。根据“ need to do sth”可知，空 处应用动词原形， 故排除 A。又根据“because many people felt like that”可知空姐是让他不要担心。worry
about“担心”符合， worry“使烦恼”是形容人的心情。故选 C。
17 ．句意：但是他不需要担忧它，因为很多都会有像那样的感觉。
in 在； for 为了； as 作为； like 像、 一样。根据语境可知很多人都会有一样的感受，故选 D。
18 ．句意：他要么读书看报纸要么看电影。
neither 两者都不；either 二者之一；both 两者都；also 也。根据“ read books, newspapers or see films”可
知是读书看报和看电影二者之一，either…or“要么 …要么”符合。故选 B。
19 ．句意：空姐会给他带来食物和饮料。
hold 举办 ；take 花费 ；bring 带来 ；carry 拿走 。根据语境可知 ，空姐为他提供食物和饮料，
bring…to“带来”符合，故选 C。
20 ．句意：艾伦很享受乘坐飞机，并且很快就会到家了。
arrive 到达；arrive in 到达；get to 抵达；reach at 达到。根据语境可知艾伦是很快到家，arrive 、get 为不及物动词，其后接宾语需加介词。但当其后宾语为“home”时，可直接接。而 reach 为及物动词，
接宾语是不需要介词。所以只有 arrive 符合，故选 A。
21 ．D 22 ．A 23 ．D 24 ．A 25 ．D 26 ．B 27 ．A 28 ．C 29 ．D 30 ．C
【导语】本文畅想了 50 年后，人们生活有哪些变化。
21 ．句意：生活将会发生许多变化，但这些变化会是什么呢？
why 为什么；how 如何；when 什么时候；what 什么。根据“Many changes will take place, but …will the
changes be ”可知，本句表达的是“这些变化会是什么” 。故选 D。
22 ．句意：电脑变得越来越实用并且每个家庭将至少有一台。
more useful 更加有用；useful 有用的；helpful 有帮助的；less useful 没那么有用。根据本句中的“much
smaller”可知，空格处也应填入形容词的比较级，则排除 B 、C 两项；再根据语境可知，此处是指“ 电
脑变得越来越实用” ，则应用 more useful 来表示。故选 A。
23 ．句意：计算机学习将是学校最重要的科目之一。
science 科学；maths 数学；English 英语；computer 计算机。本段内容都是围绕“ 电脑”展开的，所以
推断此处应表示“ 电脑（computer）学习将成为最重要的学科之一” 。故选 D。
24 ．句意：人们将工作更少的时间，他们将有更多的自由时间进行体育运动，看电视和旅游。
fewer hours 更少的时间；more hours 更多的时间；eight hours 八小时；more than eight hours 八小时以
上。根据后面的“…have more free time for sports, watching TV and travelling”可知， 人们将有更多的时
间来娱乐，这证明工作的时间减少了，因此 fewer hours 符合句意。故选 A。
25 ．句意：旅行将会更容易，更便宜。
Seeing doctors 看到医生；Going to the cinema 去看电影；Shopping 购物；Travelling 旅行。根据下句
末尾的“ ….for holidays”可知，此处表示“旅行（travelling）将变得更加容易也更加便宜” 。故选 D。
26 ．句意：越来越多的人会去其他国家度假。
rich 有钱的；other 其它的；poor 贫穷的；small 小的。根据上句“ …will be much easier and cheaper.”可
知，将会有更多的人能够去其他（other）国家度假。故选 B。
27 ．句意：我们的食物也会有变化。
food 食物；clothes 衣服；fruit 水果；drinks 饮料。根据下文中的“Maybe no one will eat meat every day; instead, they eat more fruit and vegetables.”可知， 这里讲的是饮食发生的变化。food 意为“食物”，符合
句意。故选 A。
28 ．句意：也许人们会更健康。
father 爸爸；thinner 更瘦的；healthier 更健康的；more pleased 更加高兴的。根据上文可推断，由于
饮食习惯发生变化，人们开始多吃水果和蔬菜，所以人们将变得更加健康（healthier）。故选 C。
29 ．句意：危险和艰苦的工作可以由机器人来做。
Safe 安全的；Easy 容易的；Simple 简单的；Dangerous 危险的。根据对上文的理解和空格后的“hard”
可推断，由于生活的改善，危险和艰难的工作将交给机器人去做。故选 D。
30 ．句意：正因为如此，许多人将没有足够的工作要做。
a few people 少数人；all the people 所有人；many people 许多人；a little people 一个小的人。根据上 文提到很多工作都是由机器人来完成可推断，许多（many）人将没有足够多的工作可做。故选 C。
31 ．B 32 ．C 33 ．D 34 ．C 35 ．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了自行车的发明，以及人们喜欢自行车的原因。
31 ．细节理解题。根据“About 100 million bicycles are made around the world each year. ”可知， 全世界
每年大约生产 1 亿辆自行车。故选 B。
32．细节理解题。根据“ This is because it’s a wonderful means of transportation. It is also an excellent form of exercise. Bicycles don’t pollute the air, either.”可知，这是因为它是一种极好的交通工具，它也是一
种极好的锻炼方式，自行车也不污染空气，不包含 C 项。故选 C。
33 ．段落大意题。根据“Then who invented the bicycle A long time ago, Leonardo Da Vinci drew some
rough pictures that looked like a bicycle.”可知，第三段主要介绍了自行车的发明者。故选 D。
34 ．细节理解题。根据“Pedals were added in 1840 by a Scottish named Kirkpatrick Macmillan. He is
considered as the real inventor of the bicycle.” 可知，Kirkpatrick Macmillan 被认为是自行车的真正发明
者。故选 C。
35 ． 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 “Many people in Asia and Europe use their bicycles when travelling short distances. However, Americans only use their bicycles once in a hundred trips.”可推断出，美国人骑自行
车比亚洲人少。故选 A。
36 ．C 37 ．D 38 ．A 39 ．A 40 ．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的家乡 10 年间发生了巨大的变化。
36 ．细节理解题。根据“ I left my home town ten years ago.”可知，作者是 10 年前离开家乡的。故选
C。
37 ．细节理解题。根据“Now, there is a big supermarket in the south of the town.”和“There is also a new
hotel.”可知，作者的家乡现在有一个大超市和一家新旅馆。故选 D。
38 ．细节理解题。根据“In the north of the town, there was a town library. It was old and small ten years
ago”可知， 10 年前的图书馆又小又旧。故选 A。
39 ．细节理解题。根据“In the north of the town, there was a town library.”可知，图书馆在城镇的北方，
而不是在南方， A 项表示有误。故选 A。
40．主旨大意题。根据“My home town is a small but beautiful town. ... I found that it changed a lot.”可知，
本文主要介绍作者所在的小镇 10 年间发生了很大的变化。故选 B。
41 ．D 42 ．A 43 ．D 44 ．C 45 ．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了在美国没有那么多的交通工具。
41．细节理解题。根据“Nearly 100 major cities in America, such as Las Vegas and Nashville, have no train
service at all.”可知在拉斯维加斯没有火车，故选 D。
42 ．词义猜测题。根据“ Some trains only run every 3 days, so if you have to be somewhere at a certain time, you’d have to make your schedule carefully”可知有些火车每三天才开一次， 所以要仔细地计划好
时间，故选 A。
43 ．细节理解题。根据“In South Dakota and Wyoming, many lines were given up in the last 30 years because they did not have enough money to keep them running”可知是因为没有足够的资金维持运转，
故选 D。
44 ．细节理解题。根据“all food must be bought, and you cannot pay with cash.”可知在美国买飞机餐不
可以用现金支付。故选 C。
45．主旨大意题。根据“In China, in Europe... in most areas, there are many kinds of transportation options you can choose. In America, not so much!”可知本文主要讲述了在美国没有那么多的交通工具，故选
B。
46 ．(a)ddress 47 ．(i)nto 48 ．(w)ithout 49 ．(f)ront 50 ．(a)round 51 ．(l)ocked 52 ．(w)ife 53
. (E)xcuse 54 ．(b)ring 55 ．(o)ther
【导语】本文主要讲述了詹金斯先生开车去城里，到达以后，发现车钥匙被锁进车里，于是打电话 要妻子送车钥匙，结果在等的过程中，发现车并没有锁，怕引起误会，在妻子到达之前，就赶紧把
车锁了起来。
46 ．句意：他在一封信上找到了地址， 上了车， 开车去了城里。根据前句“and one day he wanted to go to an office in the city.”和首字母提示可知，应是在一封信上找到了地址，故空处应是 address“地址”，
可数名词；根据空前 the 可知，此处表示特指，故应用单数形式。故填(a)ddress。
47 ．句意：他在一封信上找到了地址，上了车，开车去了城里。根据空后“and drove to the city.”和首
字母提示，应是先上了车，故空处应是 into“进入到” 。故填(i)nto。
48．句意：他毫不费事地直接开车去了办公室， 并在办公室前面停下了车。根据空前“He drove straight to the office”和首字母提示可知，应是毫不费事地直接开车去了办公室，故空处应是 without“没有”。
故填(w)ithout，
49 ．句意：他毫不费事地直接开车去了办公室，并在办公室前面停下了车。in front of“在 …… 前面”，
固定短语。故填(f)ront。
50 ．句意：但他突然转过身，回到自己的车上。根据前句“He locked his car and wanted to go into the office,”和空后句“and went back to his car.”以及首字母提示可知，应是突然转过身，故空处应是
around ，turn around“转身” 。故填(a)round。
51 ．句意：他记得他把钥匙锁在里面了。根据下文“I’ve locked my keys in my car.”和首字母提示可知， 应是记得他把钥匙锁在里面了，故空处应是 lock“锁” ，动词；根据空前 had 的提示可知，句子应是
过去完成时，构成形式为： had done ，lock 的过去分词是 locked。故填(l)ocked。
52 ．句意：他给妻子打了电话。根据后句“Please b… me your keys.”和首字母提示可知，应是给妻子
打了电话，故空处应是 wife“妻子” ，可数名词，根据空前 his 可知，名词应用单数形式。故填(w)ife。
53 ．句意：对不起，我把钥匙锁在车里了。 excuse me“对不起” ，固定搭配。故填(E)xcuse。
54 ．句意：请把你的钥匙带给我。根据前句“I’ve locked my keys in my car.”和首字母提示可知，应是 把你的钥匙带给我，故空处应是 bring“带来” ，动词，句子是祈使句，Please 后加动词原形。故填
(b)ring。
55 ．句意：詹金斯太太上了另一辆车，开了 20 英里来帮助他。根据上文詹金斯先生已经开一辆车来 到城市里和后句“and drove 20 miles to help him.” 以及首字母提示可知， 应是詹金斯太太上了另一辆车，
故空处应是 other“其他的” 。故填(o)ther。
56．(b)e 57．(f)resh 58．(l)ived 59．(c)hanged 60．(m)any 61．(e)nvironment 62．(t)rain 63
. (p)ast 64 ．(m)oved 65 ．(a)gain
【导语】本文主要介绍了星光镇过去的生活和现在的生活的对比。
56 ．句意：它曾经是许多野生动物的家园。根据“It used to... the home of many wild animals”以及首字
母可知曾经是动物的家园， used to be“曾经是” 。故填(b)e。
57．句意：那里有绿树和新鲜的空气。根据“There were green trees and...air”以及首字母可知此处指“新
鲜的空气” ，fresh“新鲜的” ，形容词作定语。故填(f)resh。
58 ．句意：人们住在小村庄里。根据“in small villages”以及首字母可知人们居住在小村庄里， live“居
住” ，此处描述过去的情况，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(l)ived。
59 ．句意：然而，这个小镇多年来发生了变化。根据后文的描述可知，小镇发生了很多变化，
change“变化” ，此处用过去分词和助动词 has 构成现在完成时。故填(c)hanged。
60 ．句意：现在有许多宽阔的道路、建筑物和人。根据“There are now...wide roads, buildings and people”以及首字母可知有许多道路、建筑物和人，修饰可数名词复数用 many“很多”。故填(m)any。 61 ．句意：它不再提供良好的环境。根据“wide roads, buildings and people”以及首字母可知，现在有
宽阔的道路、建筑物和人，所以它不能提供好的环境了， environment“环境” 。故填(e)nvironment。
62．句意：现在人们可以乘坐火车或公共汽车往返城镇。根据“Now People can travel to and from the town
by...or bus”以及首字母可知是坐火车， by train“坐火车” 。故填(t)rain。
63．句意：过去人们不得不使用自行车。根据“Now People can travel to and from the town by...or bus. In
the...people had to use bicycles”可知现在人们坐火车或公交车， 但是过去人们骑自行车， in the past“过
去” 。故填(p)ast。
64 ．句意：大多数人都搬进了新公寓。根据“Most people have...into new flats”以及首字母可知是搬进
公寓， move“搬家” ，此处用过去分词和助动词 have 构成现在完成时。故填(m)oved。
65 ．句意：我希望我能再次参观星光镇。根据“I hope I can visit Starlight Town”以及首字母可知是希
望能再次来， again“再一次” 。故填(a)gain。
66 ．(w)ork 67 ．(d)ifferent 68 ．(h)elp 69 ．(o)wn 70 ．(s)trange 71 ．(n)ever 72 ．(i)deas 73 .
(s)tore 74 ．(m)oved 75 ．(v)isit
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， Ricky 住在一个小城镇， 他不想上学， 也不想去工厂里上班， 他想开自 己的店。其他人都嘲笑 Ricky，但是他的朋友 David 却一直相信他。最终 Ricky 成功了， 每次回去拜
访 David，他们都非常愉快。
66 ．句意：孩子们每天去上学，父母们去镇上的工厂上班。根据后文“He did not want to work at the
town’s factory.”可知，是去工厂上班，用于 go to work 短语中，使用动词原形，故填(w)ork。
67．句意：但是 Ricky 和其他孩子不同。根据“But Ricky was d…from other children.”和后文描述可知，
Ricky 与其他孩子不同，此处是 be different from 短语，意为“与……不同” ，故填(d)ifferent。
68 ．句意：他想工作并帮助他的家人。根据“He wanted to work and h…his family.”可知，Ricky 想要
工作帮助家人，用于 want to do sth 短语中，使用动词原形，故填(h)elp。
69．句意：他想开自己的商店。根据“He did not want to work at the town’s factory. He wanted to open his o…store.”可知，Ricky 不想去工厂上班，想自己开店，own“自己的” ，作定语修饰 store ，故填(o)wn。 70 ．句意：他总是问一些奇怪的问题。根据后文“Everyone laughed at Ricky”可知，其他人都嘲笑
Ricky，所以问的问题是很奇怪的，用形容词 strange 作定语修饰 questions，故填(s)trange。
71．句意：每个人都嘲笑 Ricky，但他的朋友 David 从不嘲笑他。根据“but”可知， 前后句意转折， David
从不嘲笑他，用副词 never 表示否定，故填(n)ever。
72．句意：David 认为 Ricky 是一个有很多好主意的人。根据“David thought that Ricky was a person with many good i…”可知， Ricky 是一个有很多好主意的人， idea“主意” ，此前有 many 修饰， 使用名词复
数形式，故填(i)deas。
73．句意：在他父亲的帮助下， Ricky 开了他的第一家店。根据“Ricky worked hard and later he had many
stores.”可知，此处表示“店” ，用名词 store 作宾语，故填(s)tore。
74 ．句意：他是个成功的人，搬到了大城市。根据后文“Ricky sometimes went back to his hometown.”
可知， Ricky 搬到了大城市， moved“搬家” ，本句陈述过去的动作，用过去式，故填(m)oved。
75 ．句意：Ricky 有时会回他的家乡。当他回到那里时，他总是记得去看他的好朋友 David。他们总 是玩得很开心。根据“he always remembered to v…his good friend David”可知，是回到家乡拜访朋友，
用于 remember to do sth 短语中，使用动词原形，故填(v)isit。
76 ．例文
The changes in my hometown
In the past, my hometown was very small. People lived a poor life. The houses were old. The pollution
was serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. The traffic was not very convenient so few people came here.
Now great changes have taken place here. The environment has become more beautiful. The mountains have turned greener, the rivers are cleaner and the sky is bluer. People live a better life. Their houses are large and bright. Many people have their own cars. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come
to visit my hometown.
I’m sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.
【详解】1.题干解读：本文以“The changes in my hometown”为题并结合题干中表格里的内容介绍自己
家乡的变化，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。文章分为三段，第一段主要描述家乡过去的情 况；第二段描述家乡现在的情况；第三段表达愿望。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、
逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
77 ．例文：
My hometown
My hometown is a beautiful place. It stands beside a wide river and is rich in fish and rice.
But ten years ago, it was a poor town. Many people had no jobs. They used to live a hard life. In the past ten years, great changes have taken place here. People have widened the streets and built new roads.
Factories, schools, hospitals and cinemas have appeared one after another. People’s life has greatly improved.
I love my hometown. I love its people. They are still working hard to make it richer and more beautiful.
【详解】 1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。根据所给提示，以“我的家乡”为题写一篇短文。
2.写作指导：本文采用一般现在时和一般过去时/现在完成时相结合，一般现在时描述客观事实，一
般过去时/现在完成时描述家乡的变化。人称采用第一人称和第三人称相结合。分为三段式：第一段
描述家乡的地理位置；第二段描写家乡十年来的变化；第三段表达自己对家乡的感情。写作时保持
主谓一致性，逻辑性要强，无语法和标点错误。
78 ．例文：
Changes in Mr Zhang’s family
Great changes have taken place in Mr Zhang’s family over the past twenty years.
They used to live in a small and old house twenty years ago. But now they have moved into a tall
building. Their living place looks like gardens.
Mr Zhang used to write letters to his friends, but now he uses a telephone or a mobile phone. Mr Zhang has his own car and it is easier for his family to travel. But in the past, they could only walk or ride bikes to
somewhere.
Mr Zhang’s life in the past was poor but peaceful and quiet. Now, he has changed his lifestyle and he is
enjoying the easy and comfortable life.
【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求以“Changes in Mr Zhang’s family”为题写一篇短文介绍张先生家二十
年来的变化，要包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要承接已给出开头，以第三人称为主，使用一般过去时和一般现在时相结合来
对比今昔。写作内容要包含房子、通讯、交通和生活几个方面。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。