2023届高三英语二轮复习时态用法课件-(共19张PPT)

(共19张PPT)
Tenses
（时态）
(时态——谓语动词体现出其发生或出现时间的形态)
时态的判断步骤：
1、根据句意确定谓语动词相对于说话的此刻而言发生或出现的时间：过去、现在、将来
2、根据时间确定基本时态：过去时间的情况用过去式、现在时间的情况用现在时、将来
时间的情况用将来时
3、看相对于句中或上下文中的其它动词或时间而言，某动词的形态是已完成、进行中还
是反复发生或某时的状态，从而判定该动词用完成、进行、完成进行或一般体
相对于说话的此刻而言，都表示现在时间的情况
has eaten
has been eating
相对于说话的此刻而言，表示明确的过去时间的情况
announced
相对于说话的此刻而言，表示现在时间的情况
has been observed
相对于说话的此刻而言，表示明确的过去时间的情况
died
相对于说话的此刻而言，表示现阶段的情况，且是现阶段进行中的情况
is feeding
相对于说话的此刻而言，表示自过去某行为以来的情况
have been found
相对于说话的此刻而言，表示明确的过去时间的情况
were
相对于说话的此刻而言，表示现在之后的将来时间的情况
will be conducted
时间与时
“时”是一种谓语形式，它体现出动词发生或存在的时间和形态。因此，判断时态前，要先判定谓语动词发生或存在的时间和相对形态：完成、进行、完成进行还是一般形态。时态的基本用法与时间一致，即过去时间用过去时，现在时间用现在时，将来时间用将来时。但特殊用法与时间不一致——过去时可以表示现在甚至将来时间，如“情态动词的过去式”可能表示现在的请求等，“虚拟语气”中的过去式可能表示现在甚至将来的情况，同理，现在时可以表示“刚刚过去的时间的情况”，在时间状语和条件状语从句中可以表示将来时间。
“时” 基本用法(与时间一致) 特殊用(与时间不一致)
过去时 表示始于过去终于过去的情况 表示现在甚至将来的情况
现在时 表示现在或现阶段的行为或状态 表示将来甚至过去的情况
将来时 表示现在之后才发生或出现的情况 X
时与体①
“体”是体现动词相对于句中其它动词而言所处的一种形态，每种“时”都包括一般体、进行体、完成体和完成进行体四种体。
一般体形式 表示动作发生或状态出现在不同的时间
过去时 did, was / were 表示始于过去终于过去(与现在无关)的情况
现在时 do / does; am, is, are 表示现在或现阶段的情况(含习惯行为、客观事实)
将来时 will do 表示将来才发生或出现的情况
过去时 This morning I went (go) to the store, but I forgot (forget) the milk.
现在时 Pauline loves (love) pie. She practices (practice) the piano every day.
将来时 She will graduate (graduate) from college before she is employed.
时与体②
进行体形式 表示某时进行中的动作(不用于状态动词)
过去时 was / were doing 表示过去进行中的动作被打断或过去的习惯性表现
现在时 am / is / are doing 表示现在、现阶段或最近的将来进行中的动作
将来时 will be doing 表示将来某特定时间进行中的动作
过去时 I was leaving (leave) my apartment when I heard the cry for help.(过去行为被打断)
He was always making (always make) a mess when young. (过去的习惯性表现)
We were watching (watch) the game when some other fans started fighting. (背景)
现在时 We are studying (study) in No. 1 Middle School of Luotian. (现阶段进行中的行为)
He is leaving (leave) for Shanghai this weekend. (最近的将来进行中的动作)
将来时 At 11:50 a. m., we will be having (have) lunch. (将来某特定时间进行中的动作)
时与体③
完成体形式 表示某时之前完成的情况
过去时 had done / been 表示过去某时间或某事件之前完成的情况
现在时 have / has done / been 表示现在之前(到现在为止)完成的情况
将来时 will have done / been 表示将来某特定时间之前完成的情况
过去时 She had arrived at the office before she realized it was Sunday. (realized之前发生)
I ran to my car when I noticed my wife had left already. (noticed之前发生的情况)
现在时 We have tricked him every April Fool’s Day since then. (至今多次发生的情况)
My niece has grown so much this year! (过去开始现在还在进行的情况)
将来时 By the time you read this, I will have already left. (将来某时间之前完成的情况)
She will have eaten lunch before her sister even wakes up. (同上)
时与体④
完成进行体形式 表示某时之前开始但到某时仍在进行的情况
过去时 had been doing 表示过去某时之前开始但到过去某时仍在进行的情况
现在时 have / has been doing 表示现在之前开始但到现在仍在进行的情况
将来时 will have been doing 表示将来某时间之前开始但到那时仍在进行的情况
过去时 Before he got his first job as a writer, he had been working (work) as a proofreader.
I had been living (live) on my friend's couch for a year until they kicked me out.
现在时 We have been waiting (wait) for an hour! I haven’t been feeling (feel) well lately.
Recently, I've been working (work) on a new book.
将来时 In ten minutes, my parents will have been waiting (wait) in traffic for four hours.
I will have been eating (eat) healthy for a whole year by September.
过去时的四种体形式 用 法
一般体 did / was / were 表示始于过去终于过去(与现在无关)的情况
进行体 was / were doing 表示过去进行中的动作被打断或过去的习惯性表现
完成体 had done 表示过去某时间或某事件之前完成的情况
完成进行体 had been doing 表示过去某时之前开始但到过去某时仍在进行的情况
过去时
过去时的体 例 句
一般体 This morning I went to the store, but I forgot the milk.
进行体 Marta was leaving her apartment when she heard the thunderstorm.
完成体 I ran to my car when I noticed my wife had left already.
完成进行体 He had been working as a volunteer in the community until he fell ill.
现在时的四种体形式 用 法
一般体 do / does / am / is / are 表示现在或现阶段的情况(含习惯行为、客观事实)
进行体 am / is / are doing 表示现在、现阶段或最近的将来进行中的动作
完成体 have / has done 表示现在之前(到现在为止)完成的情况
完成进行体 have / has been doing 表示现在之前开始但到现在仍在进行的情况
现在时
现在时的体 例 句
一般体 She gets up at 5:30 and comes to school at 6:00 every morning.
进行体 English is being used widely in various international meetings and events.
完成体 We have learned English for 4 years, but we can’t speak it fluently.
完成进行体 China has been developing rapidly in the past thirty years.
将来时的四种体形式 用 法
一般体 will do / be 表示现在或现阶段的情况(含习惯行为、客观事实)
进行体 will be doing 表示现在、现阶段或最近的将来进行中的动作
完成体 will have done 表示现在之前(到现在为止)完成的情况
完成进行体 will have been doing 表示现在之前开始但到现在仍在进行的情况
将来时
将来时的体 例 句
一般体 China will one day become the most powerful country in the world.
进行体 What will you be doing this time next Saturday
完成体 We will have learned English for 6 years before we are admitted into college.
完成进行体 He will have been driving for 3 hours when he stops for a rest.
高考试题
语法填空中的时态
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. (2019·全国卷II)
Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. … On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals. (2019·全国卷III)
The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess — 1 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. (2020年全国卷I)
The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3 (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. (2020年新高考I卷)
时态与高考
一般过去时
touched
formed
declared
recommended
were invited
Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food 59 (need) …. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with the rise of science, changes began. New methods 65 (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. (2020·浙江卷)
You can’t help wondering how hard it 6 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. (2021新高考一卷) (rocks指修建黄山石阶所用的岩石)
The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It 1 (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). …We 6 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. (2021全国甲卷)
was
was built
hired
was needed
meant
When the house was built, it was much smaller than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, “The little home 5 (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. …” …After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 10 (sell) most of their furniture. (2021. 6 浙江卷)
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. (2021.1浙江卷)
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58 (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. ... (2022新高考I卷)
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 43 (address) the opening ceremony. (2022年全国乙卷)
were
addressed
was painted
sold
was
时态与高考
一般现在时
“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 (construct).” (2020年全国卷I)
Chinese New Year is a celebration marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2 (carry) special significance. (2020年全国卷II)
The parts of a museum open to the public 5 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection 6 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research. (2020年新高考I卷)
means
carries
is constructed
are called
is
Because the number of possible topics 8 (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 9 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of our Further Resources section featured in each volume. (2020年新高考II卷)
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool that gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy. (2021.1浙江卷)
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 60 (design) to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产) for future generations". (2022新高考I卷)
is
are encouraged
is considered
is designed
In the last five cars, Cao 67 (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. (2022年全国甲卷)
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, _________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. (2021. 6浙江卷)
In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. (2019·全国卷I)
I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, but because I want to. (2019·全国卷II)
时态与高考
现在完成时
has proved
have reported
have made
has walked
By about 6000 BC, people 61 (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. (2020·浙江卷)
时态与高考
过去完成时
had discovered
Confucianism was adopted in Korea and Japan even as it (challenge) by pop culture now.
Porcelain(瓷器) production _____ (date) back to over 1,700 years ago in Jingdezhen, whose high-quality porcelain ____________ (appreciate) both in China and worldwide.
Tea craftsmanship, which is a combination of patience and labor, _________ (list) as a national-level intangible(非物质的) cultural heritage in 2008.
Hanfu _____ the traditional clothing of China’s Han ethnic group that was formed in the main residential areas of the Han people in ancient China.
Chan added that she _________ (find) her lifelong passion through hanfu.
It was in the Tang Dynasty that teahouses ______ (come) into being.
Lindesay ________ (have) eight books on the Great Wall published over the years. He _____________ (complete) three photo projects that show how it ___________ (change) with the passage of time.
The Chongyang Festival, or Double Ninth Festival, which __________ (observe) on the ninth day of the ninth month on the Chinese lunar calendar, is an important occasion to show love toward parents.
is challenged
dates
is appreciated
was listed
was
had found
came
has had
has completed
has changed
is observed
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