外研版（2019） 选择性必修一单元Unit 5 Revealing nature 基础巩固（有答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019） 选择性必修一单元Unit 5 Revealing nature 基础巩固（有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-10 20:23:15 | ||
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Unit 5 Revealing nature
一、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）
A
If you have ever been disappointed because you don't have a good gardener, the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plants.
Hexa is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted (盆栽的) plant that it carries on top of its head. Using light and heat sensors (传感器), the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight. If the house plant needs more sun, Hexa will walk into the sunlight and if the house plant is getting too hot, Hexa will go back into the area where direct light is blocked. Hexa will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner.
The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room. "Plants only receive an action without responding," Sun Tianqi wrote in a blog post. "Whether they are being cut, bitten, burned or pulled from the earth, or when they haven't received enough sunshine, water, or are too hot or cold, they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them.
According to Sun Tianqi, for billions of years, plants have never experienced movement of any kind, not even the simplest movement. In their whole lives, they stick to where they were born. Sun Tianqi continued, "Do they want to break their own settings or have a tendency (趋向) towards this I do not know the answer, but I would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants. With the help of the robot, plants can experience the move."
Hexa robots are not for sale, though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model. It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants.
1. What can we learn about Hexa
A. It helps people do some gardening.
B. It waters the plants through dancing.
C. It carries the potted plant with its hands.
D. It helps indoor plants get proper sunlight.
2. What does the author try to show in paragraph 3
A. The way plants spend their whole lives.
B. The common way people deal with plants.
C. The difference between plants and humans.
D. The cause for making the indoor plants' helper.
3. What does Sun Tianqi try to do using this technology
A. Develop gardening skills.
B. Draw people's attention to plants.
C. Make plants experience movements.
D. Study the living conditions of plants.
4. What can be the best title for the text
A. A New Market for Robots
B. An Indoor Plants' Helper
C. An Important Development in Gardening
D. The Tendency of Gardening in the Future
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Children should spend at least one hour playing in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts. (1) It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.
(2) The 451 students in the study were 8 or 9 years of age. They were interviewed before and after nature activities. The activities were run by the Wildlife Trusts over the course of several weeks, such as learning about plants and trees.
The children showed a great increase in personal health. (3) 90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world; 79 percent felt the experience would help their schoolwork; 81percent said they had better relationships with their teachers. (4)
However, parents aren't giving kids that time. (5) A 2017 report found that less than 10 percent British kids enjoyed themselves in nature, compared to 40 percent of adults when they were younger years ago. To improve the situation, the organization is calling on the government to free up a daily hour for nature time for kids.
A. Parents care much about their kids' nature time.
B. And the time has been reduced greatly in recent years.
C. 79 percent mentioned they would believe more in themselves.
D. The call comes from a study by University College London.
E. It is an organization which speaks for 2,300 nature protection areas.
F. The students were asked to study in University College London for one day.
G. And they also showed a sense of connection with the natural world and high levels of enjoyment.
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
6. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
7. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
8. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
9. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
Pamela Malhotra and her husband Anil K. Malhotra have spent the last 25 years buying abandoned (废弃的) agricultural land and reforesting it. They want to (10) the land to a rainforest for elephants, birds and other (11) .
The couple have spotted more than 300 kinds of birds as well as many (12) and threatened animal species. But, this was not the (13) in 1991 when Pamela and Anil came to this part of the country. "When we came here, it was a (14) . The owner wanted to sell the land because he couldn't grow anything else here," says Anil. "For me and Pamela, this was what we were (15) all our life."
When the Malhotras came to India, the pollution (16) them. "That was when we decided to (17) something to turn the land into the forests in India. We have (18) that the shortage of fresh water will be a (19) for the whole world. Protecting the forest land and wildlife habitat (栖息地), where vital water resources have their origin, is a good way to (20) ourselves," explains Anil. After they bought the first 55 acres, they (21) to plant trees. Soon, they bought the land nearby as well.
Stopping poaching (偷猎) was also a(n) (22) . Pamela said, "There are times when I (23) with poachers. I was even in great danger once. (24) , I hope what we are doing now will make a difference to animals."
10. A. sell B. return C. move D. offer
11. A. plants B. products C. creatures D. humans
12. A. rare B. new C. beautiful D. lazy
13. A. point B. design C. land D. scene
14. A. habitat B. park C. field D. wasteland
15. A. seeking for B. thinking about
C. putting forward D. looking after
16. A. interested B. confused C. shocked D. embarrassed
17. A. do B. add C. detect D. drag
18. A. suspected B. realized C. replied D. regretted
19. A. comfort B. warning C. concern D. failure
20. A. control B. thank C. equip D. save
21. A. began B. hesitated C. hoped D. chose
22. A. enjoyment B. answer C. challenge D. reality
23. A. finish B. communicate C. work D. fight
24. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Moreover
四、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
25.
be native to; answer the call; of all time; be crowded with;
in question; come to exist; drive away; a variety of
(1) The electric car show ______ people, which shows the increasing popularity of the electric cars.
(2) To ______ the city is scheduled to release more detailed educational policies to reduce students' study burden.
(3) The Spring Festival Gala features ______ shows, including singing, dancing, crosstalk and so on.
(4) How to carry out an effective cost control is still ______ .
(5) Until recently, historians assumed that calendars ______ with the coming of agriculture.
(6) ______ South America, the peanut is said to have been introduced to North America by early explorers.
五、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
26. The high-speed railway line______ connects Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the co-host city of the 2022 Beijing Olympic Winter Games, went into operation.
27. Paper-cutting is a traditional Chinese art form whose history and ______ (evolve) are worthy of research.
28. When computers are networked, they ______ (link) together so that information can be transferred between them.
29. Since the new technology was introduced, the number of workers in the factory ______ (decline).
30. Many skin cancers are completely curable if ______ (detect) in the early stages.
31. The way the sales were handled was ______ complete disgrace.
32. The purpose of the program supported by the government is ______ (generate) a lot of new jobs.
33. The experiment contains two groups of children who have quite different ______ (characteristic).
六、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
34. Charles Darwin, a (1) (geology) and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals, began his adventure on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831.The journey provided him with the opportunity of visiting (2) (distance) countries and studying various living things in their natural environments.
As he studied (3) (sample) of the plants and animals he had collected in South America, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist At that time, (4) was believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and hadn't changed since. But Darwin thought that maybe animals evolved as they adapted (5) their changing environments. In 1835 after reaching the Galápagos Islands, Darwin (6) (suspect) that the finches on each of the islands had evolved from a common ancestor, (7) had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new species.
Darwin explained the (8) (complete) new idea-a theory of evolution in his book, On the Origin of Species. The scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
Today, On the Origin of Species (9) (regard) as one of the most important works ever (10) (write). It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
35. An animated giant panda named "Bing Dwen Dwen" and a red lantern baby called "Shuey Rhon Rhon" (1) (show) as the two mascots (吉祥物) of the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games. The mascots, (2) (know) to people on Tuesday night at Beijing's Shougang Ice Hockey Arena, are connected (3) the host nation's culture.
Beijing 2022 executive president Chen Jining explained the idea (4) (clear) behind the design of the two mascots at the launch ceremony. "The two mascots put (5) (element) of traditional Chinese culture together with a modern international style. They show the Chinese people's eager expectations of the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, and China's warm invitation to friends from all over the world," said Chen, (6) is also the mayor of Beijing.
"They are designed (7) (express) all the aspects of the Olympic spirit, including (8) (wonder) characteristics such as passion, perseverance, friendship and mutual understanding to actively engage the public.
The name "Bing Dwen Dwen" is a combination of several meanings in the Chinese language, with
"Bing" the Chinese word for "ice", and "Dwen Dwen" meaning (9) (strong) and liveliness. In the name "Shuey Rhon Rhon", "Shuey" is the Chinese word for "snow" and "Rhon Rhon" (10) (have) the meaning of tolerance (宽容) and integration.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、单词拼写-单句（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）
36. The mother didn't know who to b______ for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.
37. According to an ancient Chinese I______ Shennong discovered tea when he was boiling water over an open fire.
38. Reducing food waste would g______ economic and environmental gains, which will eventually benefit the entire Chinese society.
39. The study showed lions and house cats evolved from a common ______ (祖先).
40. The little boy is so curious about the evolution of a ______ (种子) into a plant that he consults a number of books.
41. Companies ______ (遍及全世界) turned to online sales to get through the difficult period during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
八、完成句子（本大题共7小题，共14.0分）
42. 这个想法是从我在老房子里发现的一幅画中得到启发的。(evolve)
The idea ________ I discovered in the old house.
43. 我们一致认为是你而不是他应对这次事故负责。(blame；强调句型）
We all agreed that it was you rather than he ________ the accident.
44. 在我们可以真正解决环境问题前，我们需要找到它的根源。(root)
We need to ________ the environmental problem before we can really solve it.
45. 我曾希望给Peter送个礼物来祝贺他结婚，但是没能成功。（过去完成时）
I ________ Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.
46. 虽然欧洲是许多年轻游客的首选，但它也被许多老年人视为绝妙的旅游胜地。(choice)
_______ many young travelers, Europe is also seen as a wonderful tourist attraction by many old people.
47. 实际上，学生在大学里做什么似乎比他们去哪里上大学更重要。（宾语从句）
As a matter of fact, what students do at college seems to matter more than ________.
48. I still remember (1) (我的科学作业是多么有意思) in primary school. One day my science teacher Miss Li (给班里每位学生一颗种子) and made us plant it at (2) home. After one week, Miss Li asked (3) (她给我们的种子怎么样了). We all answered (4) (种子还没有发芽). Then Miss Li asked us to (5) (写一篇观察日记) about the plant in the following two months. In the beginning, I (6) (责备自己) and felt depressed (7) (因为我什么都没有发现). One week later, the seed sprouted and I started writing the journal. Every week, I detected something different in the plant and (8) (我记下了植物的特征) in its different stages. At last, my journal was praised by Miss Li and I felt (9) (巨大的成就感). (10) (正是我的科学老师对我有巨大影响) and inspired me to major in biology.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】D、D、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了由Sun Tianqi研发的一款可以照顾室内植物的机器人——Hexa。
根据第二段第二句Using light and heat sensors (传感器), the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight.（利用光和传感器，机器人能把植物挪离或挪进阳光。）可知，Hexa有助于帮助室内植物获得适量的阳光。故选D。
2. 根据第三段第一句The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room.（这款机器人是Vincross公司的工程师、创始人孙天奇在看到房间里黑暗中的一株死去的向日葵后发明的。）可知，第三段介绍了制造机器人助手的起因。故选D。
3. 根据倒数第二段 According to Sun Tianqi...but I would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants.（根据Sun Tianqi 的说法，数十亿年来，植物从未经历过任何形式的挪动，甚至是最简单的挪动。在他们的一生中，他们坚持长在他们出生的地方。Sun Tianqi 继续说道，“他们想要打破自己的局限或有一个打破这个局限的趋势吗？我不知道答案，但我想尝试分享一些人类的趋势和技术。”）可知，Sun Tianqi想尝试与植物分享一些人类的趋势和技术，在机器人的帮助下，植物可以体验移动。故选C。
4. 根据文章第一段内容（如果你因为没有好花园而失望，那么将来聪明的机器人会成为你室内植物的助手。）可知，文章主题是：室内植物的助手。故选B。
5~9.【答案】E、D、G、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要针对目前孩子们在大自然中玩耍和消磨的时间越来越少的问题，呼吁政府为孩子们每天腾出一小时的自然时间，并将此纳入日常学校生活，同时讲述了参与自然活动对孩子们的好处。
根据上文Children should spend at least one hour playing in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts.（根据野生动物信托基金会的建议，孩子们每天至少应该花一个小时在大自然中玩耍。）可知，上文提到了Wildlife Trusts的言论，本句应承接上文继续介绍这个组织。E选项（这是一个为2300个自然保护区代言的组织。）符合语境。其中的It指代上文的the Wildlife Trusts。故选E。
2. 根据上一段中的It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.（它现在呼吁政府将与自然接触的时间纳入日常学校生活。）以及下文中的The 451 students in the study were 8 or 9 years of age. They were interviewed before and after nature activities. The activities were run by the Wildlife Trusts over the course of several weeks, such as learning about plants and trees.（参与研究的451名学生年龄在8到9岁之间。他们在自然活动前后接受了采访。这些活动是由野生动物信托组织进行的，为期数周，比如学习植物和树木。）可知，上文提到了呼吁的内容，本句是在说明呼吁的来源，D项（这一呼吁来自伦敦大学学院的一项研究。）符合语境。故选D。
3. 根据上文中的The children showed a great increase in personal health.（孩子们的健康状况有了很大的改善。）以及下文中的90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world（90%的人说他们学到了一些关于自然世界的新东西）可知，本句应承接上文继续说明孩子们在研究中的表现，G项（他们还表现出与自然世界的联系和高度的享受。）中的they also showed和上文中的The children showed相呼应，符合语境。故选G。
4. 根据上文90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world; 79 percent felt the experience would help their schoolwork; 81percent said they had better relationships with their teachers.（90%的人说他们学到了一些关于自然世界的新东西；79%的人认为这种经历对他们的学业有帮助；81%的学生表示他们与老师的关系更好。）可知，C项（79%的人表示他们会更相信自己。）中的 79 percent呼应上文，符合语境。故选C。
5. 根据上文中的However, parents aren't giving kids that time.（然而，父母并没有给孩子这样的时间。）和下文A 2017 report found that less than 10 percent British kids enjoyed themselves in nature, compared to 40 percent of adults when they were younger years ago. To improve the situation, the organization is calling on the government to free up a daily hour for nature time for kids.（2017年的一份报告发现，只有不到10%的英国孩子喜欢大自然，而几年前，在他们年轻的时候，有40%的成年人喜欢大自然。为了改善这种状况，该组织呼吁政府每天为孩子们腾出一小时的自然时间。）可知，下文中的报告说明了孩子们接触自然的时间变少了，该组织呼吁政府让孩子们每天腾出一小时享受自然时光，B项（近年来，这种时间大大缩短了。）中的the time 和上文中的that time相呼应，符合语境。故选B。
10~24.【答案】B、C、A、D、D、A、C、A、B、C、D、A、C、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文讲述了一对夫妇在过去的25年里，购买废弃的农业用地，并植树造林的故事。
句意：他们想把这片土地归还给大象、鸟类和其他生物赖以生存的雨林。A.sell卖；B.return归还；C.move移动；D.offer提供。根据上句中Malhotra have spent the last 25 years buying abandoned (废弃的) agricultural land and reforesting it.可知，收购废弃的土地，归还给大象、鸟类和其他生物。故选B。
2. 句意同上。A.plants植物；B.producers生产者；C.creatures生物；D.humans人类。根据for elephants, birds and other可知，此处指其他生物。故选C。
3. 句意：这对夫妇发现了300多种鸟类以及许多珍稀濒危动物。A.rare罕见的；B.common共同的，普通的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.lazy懒惰的。濒危动物应该是罕见动物。故选A。
4. 句意：1991年，当帕梅拉和阿尼尔来到这个国家的这个地区时，情况并非如此。A.point观点；B.design设计；C.land陆地；D.scene场面，情景。这里指来到这个地区时的场面、情况。故选D。
5. 句意：当我来到这里的时候，那是一片荒地。A.habitat栖息地 ；B. park公园；C. field领域；D. wasteland荒地。根据第一段第二句Malhotra have spent the last 25 years buying abandoned (废弃的) agricultural land and reforesting it.可知，这里指被遗弃的荒地。故选D。
6. 句意：对我和帕梅拉来说，这就是我们一生所追求的。A.seeking for寻找，追求；B.thinking about考虑；C.putting forward提出；D.looking after照顾。这里指一生所追求的。故选A。
7. 句意：当Malhotra夫妇来到印度时，污染使他们感到震惊。A.interested使感兴趣；B.confused使糊涂，使迷惑；C.shocked使震惊；D.embarrassed（使）尴尬。污染严重肯定会使人们感到震惊。故选C。
8. 句意：就在那时，我们决定做一些事情来恢复印度的森林。A.do做；B.add添加；C.detect查明，察觉；D. drag拖拉。根据下文可知，他们决定做些事情来恢复印度的森林。故选A。
9. 句意：我们已经意识到淡水短缺将是全世界关注的问题。A.suspected怀疑；B.realized意识到；C.replied答复；D.regretted感到遗憾。根据空后的内容可知，这是他们已经意识到的事情。故选B。
10. 句意同上。A. comfort舒适，安慰；B.warning警告； C.concern担忧，关心；D.failure失败。缺少淡水当然是一个“担忧”。故选C。
11. 句意：保护森林土地和野生动物栖息地是拯救我们自己的唯一方法，因为它们是重要水源的来源。A.control控制；B. thank感谢；C.equip装备；D.save挽救。保护森林土地和野生动物栖息地是为了拯救自己。故选D。
12. 句意：在买下第一块55英亩土地后，他们开始种树。A.began开始；B.hesitated犹豫；C.hoped希望；D.chose选择。他们买了最初的55英亩地之后，开始种树。故选A。
13. 句意：禁止偷猎是一项挑战。A.enjoyment享受，乐趣；B.answer回答；C.challenge挑战；D.reality现实。要提高人们禁止偷猎的意识，所以这是一种挑战。故选C。
14. 句意：有时我和偷猎者发生打斗。A.finish完成；B.communicate交流；C.work工作；D.fight大豆。根据下文中的I was even in great danger once可推知，有时Pamela会与偷猎者发生打斗。故选D。
15. 句意：然而，我希望我们现在所做的能对动物产生影响。A.However然而；B.Therefore 所以；C.Besides此外；D.Moreover而且。根据空处前后的内容可知，此处表示转折。故选A。
25.【答案】【小题1】
is crowded with
【小题2】
answer the call
【小题3】
a variety of
【小题4】
in question
【小题5】
came to exist
【小题6】
Native to
【解析】1. 句意：电动汽车展览会挤满了人，这说明电动汽车越来越受欢迎。be crowded with挤满，动词短语，符合题意。结合语境可知，此处时态为一般现在时，主语为The electric car show是单数形式，be动词应用is。故填is crowded with。
2. 句意：为了响应这一呼吁，该市计划出台更详细的教育政策，以减轻学生的学习负担。answer the call响应，呼吁，动词短语，符合题意；分析句子及空前的不定式符号to可知，空处应填动词原形。故填answer the call。
3. 句意：春节联欢晚会有各种各样的节目，包括唱歌、跳舞、相声等。a variety of各种各样的……，为固定短语，符合题意。故填a variety of。
4. 句意：如何进行有效的成本控制仍是个问题。in question成问题的，为固定短语，符合题意。故填in question。
5. 句意：直到最近，历史学家都认为日历是随着农业的出现而出现的。come to exist存在，为动词短语，符合题意；结合语境可知，空处时态应为一般过去时。故填came to exist。
6. 句意：花生原产于南美洲，据说是早期探险家引入北美的。be native to原产于……，为固定短语，符合题意。分析句子可知，当主句的主语和谓语动词和从句的主语一致时，可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，空处应填native to。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Native to。
26.【答案】which/that
【解析】句意：连接北京和张家口的高铁线路投入运行了，张家口是2022年北京冬奥会的协办城市。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是The high-speed railway line，且在从句中作主语，故用which/that。故填which/that。
27.【答案】evolution
【解析】句意：剪纸是中国的一种传统艺术形式，其历史和发展值得研究。分析句子可知，whose history and ______ (evolve)在定语从句中作主语，再根据history and可知，此处应用名词形式；提示词evolve的名词形式为evolution，意为“进化（论）；演变”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填evolution。
28.【答案】are linked
【解析】句意：当计算机联网时，它们就连接起来了，彼此可以互传信息。分析句子及结合语境可知，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时；they指代computers，与link之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。所以空处应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为they是复数形式，be动词应用are。故填are linked。
29.【答案】has declined
【解析】句意：自从引进新技术以来，工厂的工人人数减少了。分析句子可知，空处应填动词作谓语；分析句子，在含有since引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，从句用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时，且主句主语为the number of workers，表示“工人的数量”，谓语应用单数，故填has declined。
30.【答案】detected
【解析】句意：如果在早期发现，许多皮肤癌是完全可以治愈的。分析可知，if引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语中有be动词，从句的主语和be动词可省略。本句中if后省略了many skin cancers are，故填detected。
31.【答案】a
【解析】句意：销售的处理方式完全是一种耻辱。be a disgrace意为“是耻辱，是丢脸的事”，为固定用法。故填a。
32.【答案】to generate
【解析】句意：政府支持该项目的目的是创造大量新的就业机会。分析句子可知，此处作表语，表示目的，应用动词不定式。故填to generate。
33.【答案】characteristics
【解析】句意：这个实验包含了两组性格迥异的孩子。分析可知，characteristic 意为“特征"”是可数名词，且根据句意及空前的different 可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填characteristics。
34.【答案】【小题1】
geologist
【小题2】
distant
【小题3】
samples
【小题4】
it
【小题5】
to
【小题6】
suspected
【小题7】
which
【小题8】
completely
【小题9】
is regarded
【小题10】
written
【解析】1. 根据and后的naturalist可知，此处表示“地质学家”，应用geologist。故填geologist 。
2. 分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰countries应用形容词。故填distant。
3. sample为可数名词，其前没有限定词，且根据of the plants and animals可知，此处表示复数概念，故用名词复数。故填samples。
4. 此处是it was believed that...句型，表示“人们相信……”，其中it为形式主语，that 从句是真正的主语。故填it。
5. adapt to意为“适应”，为固定搭配。故填to。
6. 根据时间状语In 1835可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填suspected。
7. 分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a common ancestor，且空处在从句中作主语，应填which。故填which。
8. 分析句子可知，空处作状语，修饰形容词new，故用副词。故填completely。
9. 分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语；根据时间状语Today可知，此处应用一般现在时，且On the Origin of Species与regard之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。主语为On the Origin of Species 是单数形式，be动词应用is。故填is regarded
10. 分析可知，此处应填非谓语动词；works与write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词的-ed形式作定语。故填written。
35.【答案】【小题1】
have been shown/were shown
【小题2】
known
【小题3】
with
【小题4】
clearly
【小题5】
elements
【小题6】
who
【小题7】
to express
【小题8】
wonderful
【小题9】
strength
【小题10】
has
【解析】1. 分析句子可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在影响，应用现在完成时；且表示“被展示”，应用被动语态。此处也可理解为动作发生在过去，可用一般过去时。综上，空处应填现在完成时的被动语态或者一般过去时的被动语态。主语为复数，故填have been shown/were shown。
2. 分析句子可知，The mascots与know之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式作定语。故填known。
3. connect...with...意为“把……与……联系起来”，为固定搭配。故填with。
4. 分析句子可知，空处作状语修饰谓语动词explained，应用副词。clearly意为“清楚地”，副词，符合题意。故填clearly。
5. element意为“元素”，为可数名词，且空前没有限定词，故用名词复数形式。故填elements。
6. 分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词指人，应用who引导。故填who。
7. 分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to express。
8. 分析句子可知，空处修饰characteristics作定语，应用形容词wonderful，意为“精彩的”，符合题意。故填wonderful。
9. 分析句子及根据and后的liveliness可知，此处应用名词；提示词strong的名词形式为strength，意为“力量”，此处为不可数名词，符合题意。故填strength。
10. 分析句子可知，此处表示客观描述，应用一般现在时，且Rhon Rhon作主语，谓语动词应用三单。故填has。
36.【答案】blame
【解析】句意：母亲不知道是谁打碎了玻璃，因为这是在她外出时发生的。分析句子及空前的不定式符号to可知，空处应填动词；结合句意和首字母提示，blame“责怪，归咎于”，此处为动词，符合题意；be to blame for sth.“应该受到责备；对某坏事应负责”，为固定短语。故填blame。
37.【答案】legend
【解析】句意：根据中国古代的一个传说，神农在火上烧水时发现了茶。分析句子及空前的不定冠词an可知，空处应填单数可数名词；结合句意和首字母提示，legend传说，可数名词，符合题意。故填legend。
38.【答案】generate
【解析】句意：减少食物浪费将产生经济和环境效益，最终将造福于整个中国社会。分析句子及空前的情态动词would可知，空处应填动词原形作谓语；结合句意和汉语提示，generate产生，动词，符合题意。故填generate。
39.【答案】ancestor
【解析】句意：研究表明，狮子和家猫是从同一种共同的祖先进化而来的。分析句子及空前的不定冠词a可知，空处应填可数名词的单数形式；结合句意和汉语提示，ancestor祖先，可数名词，符合题意。故填ancestor。
40.【答案】seed
【解析】句意：这个小男孩对种子变成植物的过程非常好奇，他查阅了很多书。分析句子及空前的不定冠词a可知，空处应填单数可数名词；结合汉语提示，seed种子，此处为可数名词，符合题意。故填seed。
41.【答案】worldwide
【解析】句意：在新冠肺炎疫情爆发期间，世界各地的公司都转向了在线销售，以度过难关。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词Companies；结合句意和汉语提示，worldwide全世界的，形容词，符合题意。故填worldwide。
42.【答案】evolved from a drawing
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分为“从……得到启发”译为evolve from，在句中作谓语；“一幅画”译为a drawing。分析句子及结合语境，空处时态为一般过去时，故填evolved from a drawing。
43.【答案】that/who were to blame for
【解析】根据中英文对照，空处缺少部分“应对……负责”译为be to blame for。分析句子可知，此处为强调句型，即“it ＋is/was＋被强调部分＋who/that＋句子的其他部分”，此处强调部分为you，应用that或者who引导；结合语境和空前的was可知，此处时态为一般过去时；由于被强调部分为you，所以空处that引导的从句中的be动词应用were，故填that/who were to blame for。
44.【答案】get to the root of
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分为“找到它的根源”。“找到”译为get to；“……的根源”the root of。分析句子及空前的need to可知，空处应填动词原形。故填get to the root of。
45.【答案】had hoped to send
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分为“希望”译为hope，在句中作谓语；“送”send。结合语境及括号内的提示可知，空处时态应用过去完成时，应填had hoped；“希望做某事”译为hope to do...，故填had hoped to send。
46.【答案】While/Although/Though it is the first choice of
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分“……的首选”译为the first choice of。分析句子可知，空处应用while/although/though引导让步状语从句，且从句的时态为一般现在时。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填While/Although/Though it is the first choice of。
47.【答案】where they go to college
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分为“去哪里上大学”。“上大学”译为go to college。分析句子可知，空处应用where引导宾语从句；结合语境可知，where引导的宾语从句时态也为一般现在时，主语为they，谓语动词用原形。故填where they go to college。
48.【答案】【小题1】how interesting my science homework was
【小题2】gave each student in class a seed
【小题3】how the seed she had given us was going
【小题4】the seed hadn't come up yet
【小题5】write an observational journal
【小题6】blamed myself
【小题7】as I detected nothing
【小题8】I set down the characteristics of the plant
【小题9】a great sense of achievement
【小题10】It was my science teacher that/who had a big influence on me
【解析】1. 结合汉语提示，“我的科学作业”译为my science homework；“多么有意思”译为how interesting。结合语境可知，空处时态应用一般过去时，主语为my science homework，be动词应用was，故填how interesting my science homework was。
2. 根据汉语提示，“给某人某物”译为give sb. sth.；“每位学生”译为each student；“一颗种子”译为a seed；“班里”译为in class。结合语境，此处时态为一般过去时，故填gave each student in class a seed。
3. 根据汉语提示，“种子”译为the seed；“给某人某物”译为give sb. sth.。分析句子可知，空处应用how引导宾语从句，结合语境及空前的asked可知，“给种子”这个动作发生在asked之前，所以从句的时态应用过去完成时。故填how the seed she had given us was going。
4. 根据汉语提示，“种子”译为the seed；“发芽”译为come up。分析句子及根据空前的answered可知，“发芽”这个动作发生在answered的之前，所以此处应用过去完成时。故填the seed hadn't come up yet。
5. 根据汉语提示，“一篇观察日记”译为an observational journal；“写”译为write。分析句子及根据空前的不定式符号to可知，空处应填动词原形。故填write an observational journal。
6. 根据汉语意思，“责备某人”译为blame oneself。结合语境及空后的felt可知，此处时态应用一般过去时；反身代词应用myself。故填blamed myself。
7. 根据汉语提示，“发现”译为detect；“什么都没有”译为nothing。分析句子及结合语境可知，空处应用as引导原因状语从句，时态为一般过去时。故填as I detected nothing。
8. 根据汉语提示，“记下”译为set down；“……的特征”译为the characteristics of；“植物”译为plant。分析句子及结合语境，此处时态为一般过去时，故填I set down the characteristics of the plant。
9. 根据汉语提示，“巨大的”译为great；“……的感觉”译为a sense of；“成就”译为achievement，为可数名词。故填a great sense of achievement。
10. 根据汉语提示，“我的科学老师”译为my science teache；“对……有巨大影响”译为have a big influence on...。分析句子可知，此处为强调句型，即it is/was＋句子的强调部分＋who/that＋其他成分。此处强调my science teacher，是人，所以that和who引导都可以。结合语境，此处时态为一般过去时。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填It was my science teacher that/who had a big influence on me。
第2页，共20页
一、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）
A
If you have ever been disappointed because you don't have a good gardener, the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plants.
Hexa is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted (盆栽的) plant that it carries on top of its head. Using light and heat sensors (传感器), the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight. If the house plant needs more sun, Hexa will walk into the sunlight and if the house plant is getting too hot, Hexa will go back into the area where direct light is blocked. Hexa will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner.
The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room. "Plants only receive an action without responding," Sun Tianqi wrote in a blog post. "Whether they are being cut, bitten, burned or pulled from the earth, or when they haven't received enough sunshine, water, or are too hot or cold, they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them.
According to Sun Tianqi, for billions of years, plants have never experienced movement of any kind, not even the simplest movement. In their whole lives, they stick to where they were born. Sun Tianqi continued, "Do they want to break their own settings or have a tendency (趋向) towards this I do not know the answer, but I would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants. With the help of the robot, plants can experience the move."
Hexa robots are not for sale, though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model. It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants.
1. What can we learn about Hexa
A. It helps people do some gardening.
B. It waters the plants through dancing.
C. It carries the potted plant with its hands.
D. It helps indoor plants get proper sunlight.
2. What does the author try to show in paragraph 3
A. The way plants spend their whole lives.
B. The common way people deal with plants.
C. The difference between plants and humans.
D. The cause for making the indoor plants' helper.
3. What does Sun Tianqi try to do using this technology
A. Develop gardening skills.
B. Draw people's attention to plants.
C. Make plants experience movements.
D. Study the living conditions of plants.
4. What can be the best title for the text
A. A New Market for Robots
B. An Indoor Plants' Helper
C. An Important Development in Gardening
D. The Tendency of Gardening in the Future
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Children should spend at least one hour playing in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts. (1) It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.
(2) The 451 students in the study were 8 or 9 years of age. They were interviewed before and after nature activities. The activities were run by the Wildlife Trusts over the course of several weeks, such as learning about plants and trees.
The children showed a great increase in personal health. (3) 90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world; 79 percent felt the experience would help their schoolwork; 81percent said they had better relationships with their teachers. (4)
However, parents aren't giving kids that time. (5) A 2017 report found that less than 10 percent British kids enjoyed themselves in nature, compared to 40 percent of adults when they were younger years ago. To improve the situation, the organization is calling on the government to free up a daily hour for nature time for kids.
A. Parents care much about their kids' nature time.
B. And the time has been reduced greatly in recent years.
C. 79 percent mentioned they would believe more in themselves.
D. The call comes from a study by University College London.
E. It is an organization which speaks for 2,300 nature protection areas.
F. The students were asked to study in University College London for one day.
G. And they also showed a sense of connection with the natural world and high levels of enjoyment.
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
6. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
7. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
8. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
9. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
Pamela Malhotra and her husband Anil K. Malhotra have spent the last 25 years buying abandoned (废弃的) agricultural land and reforesting it. They want to (10) the land to a rainforest for elephants, birds and other (11) .
The couple have spotted more than 300 kinds of birds as well as many (12) and threatened animal species. But, this was not the (13) in 1991 when Pamela and Anil came to this part of the country. "When we came here, it was a (14) . The owner wanted to sell the land because he couldn't grow anything else here," says Anil. "For me and Pamela, this was what we were (15) all our life."
When the Malhotras came to India, the pollution (16) them. "That was when we decided to (17) something to turn the land into the forests in India. We have (18) that the shortage of fresh water will be a (19) for the whole world. Protecting the forest land and wildlife habitat (栖息地), where vital water resources have their origin, is a good way to (20) ourselves," explains Anil. After they bought the first 55 acres, they (21) to plant trees. Soon, they bought the land nearby as well.
Stopping poaching (偷猎) was also a(n) (22) . Pamela said, "There are times when I (23) with poachers. I was even in great danger once. (24) , I hope what we are doing now will make a difference to animals."
10. A. sell B. return C. move D. offer
11. A. plants B. products C. creatures D. humans
12. A. rare B. new C. beautiful D. lazy
13. A. point B. design C. land D. scene
14. A. habitat B. park C. field D. wasteland
15. A. seeking for B. thinking about
C. putting forward D. looking after
16. A. interested B. confused C. shocked D. embarrassed
17. A. do B. add C. detect D. drag
18. A. suspected B. realized C. replied D. regretted
19. A. comfort B. warning C. concern D. failure
20. A. control B. thank C. equip D. save
21. A. began B. hesitated C. hoped D. chose
22. A. enjoyment B. answer C. challenge D. reality
23. A. finish B. communicate C. work D. fight
24. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Moreover
四、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
25.
be native to; answer the call; of all time; be crowded with;
in question; come to exist; drive away; a variety of
(1) The electric car show ______ people, which shows the increasing popularity of the electric cars.
(2) To ______ the city is scheduled to release more detailed educational policies to reduce students' study burden.
(3) The Spring Festival Gala features ______ shows, including singing, dancing, crosstalk and so on.
(4) How to carry out an effective cost control is still ______ .
(5) Until recently, historians assumed that calendars ______ with the coming of agriculture.
(6) ______ South America, the peanut is said to have been introduced to North America by early explorers.
五、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
26. The high-speed railway line______ connects Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the co-host city of the 2022 Beijing Olympic Winter Games, went into operation.
27. Paper-cutting is a traditional Chinese art form whose history and ______ (evolve) are worthy of research.
28. When computers are networked, they ______ (link) together so that information can be transferred between them.
29. Since the new technology was introduced, the number of workers in the factory ______ (decline).
30. Many skin cancers are completely curable if ______ (detect) in the early stages.
31. The way the sales were handled was ______ complete disgrace.
32. The purpose of the program supported by the government is ______ (generate) a lot of new jobs.
33. The experiment contains two groups of children who have quite different ______ (characteristic).
六、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
34. Charles Darwin, a (1) (geology) and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals, began his adventure on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831.The journey provided him with the opportunity of visiting (2) (distance) countries and studying various living things in their natural environments.
As he studied (3) (sample) of the plants and animals he had collected in South America, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist At that time, (4) was believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and hadn't changed since. But Darwin thought that maybe animals evolved as they adapted (5) their changing environments. In 1835 after reaching the Galápagos Islands, Darwin (6) (suspect) that the finches on each of the islands had evolved from a common ancestor, (7) had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new species.
Darwin explained the (8) (complete) new idea-a theory of evolution in his book, On the Origin of Species. The scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
Today, On the Origin of Species (9) (regard) as one of the most important works ever (10) (write). It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
35. An animated giant panda named "Bing Dwen Dwen" and a red lantern baby called "Shuey Rhon Rhon" (1) (show) as the two mascots (吉祥物) of the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games. The mascots, (2) (know) to people on Tuesday night at Beijing's Shougang Ice Hockey Arena, are connected (3) the host nation's culture.
Beijing 2022 executive president Chen Jining explained the idea (4) (clear) behind the design of the two mascots at the launch ceremony. "The two mascots put (5) (element) of traditional Chinese culture together with a modern international style. They show the Chinese people's eager expectations of the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, and China's warm invitation to friends from all over the world," said Chen, (6) is also the mayor of Beijing.
"They are designed (7) (express) all the aspects of the Olympic spirit, including (8) (wonder) characteristics such as passion, perseverance, friendship and mutual understanding to actively engage the public.
The name "Bing Dwen Dwen" is a combination of several meanings in the Chinese language, with
"Bing" the Chinese word for "ice", and "Dwen Dwen" meaning (9) (strong) and liveliness. In the name "Shuey Rhon Rhon", "Shuey" is the Chinese word for "snow" and "Rhon Rhon" (10) (have) the meaning of tolerance (宽容) and integration.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、单词拼写-单句（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）
36. The mother didn't know who to b______ for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.
37. According to an ancient Chinese I______ Shennong discovered tea when he was boiling water over an open fire.
38. Reducing food waste would g______ economic and environmental gains, which will eventually benefit the entire Chinese society.
39. The study showed lions and house cats evolved from a common ______ (祖先).
40. The little boy is so curious about the evolution of a ______ (种子) into a plant that he consults a number of books.
41. Companies ______ (遍及全世界) turned to online sales to get through the difficult period during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
八、完成句子（本大题共7小题，共14.0分）
42. 这个想法是从我在老房子里发现的一幅画中得到启发的。(evolve)
The idea ________ I discovered in the old house.
43. 我们一致认为是你而不是他应对这次事故负责。(blame；强调句型）
We all agreed that it was you rather than he ________ the accident.
44. 在我们可以真正解决环境问题前，我们需要找到它的根源。(root)
We need to ________ the environmental problem before we can really solve it.
45. 我曾希望给Peter送个礼物来祝贺他结婚，但是没能成功。（过去完成时）
I ________ Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.
46. 虽然欧洲是许多年轻游客的首选，但它也被许多老年人视为绝妙的旅游胜地。(choice)
_______ many young travelers, Europe is also seen as a wonderful tourist attraction by many old people.
47. 实际上，学生在大学里做什么似乎比他们去哪里上大学更重要。（宾语从句）
As a matter of fact, what students do at college seems to matter more than ________.
48. I still remember (1) (我的科学作业是多么有意思) in primary school. One day my science teacher Miss Li (给班里每位学生一颗种子) and made us plant it at (2) home. After one week, Miss Li asked (3) (她给我们的种子怎么样了). We all answered (4) (种子还没有发芽). Then Miss Li asked us to (5) (写一篇观察日记) about the plant in the following two months. In the beginning, I (6) (责备自己) and felt depressed (7) (因为我什么都没有发现). One week later, the seed sprouted and I started writing the journal. Every week, I detected something different in the plant and (8) (我记下了植物的特征) in its different stages. At last, my journal was praised by Miss Li and I felt (9) (巨大的成就感). (10) (正是我的科学老师对我有巨大影响) and inspired me to major in biology.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】D、D、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了由Sun Tianqi研发的一款可以照顾室内植物的机器人——Hexa。
根据第二段第二句Using light and heat sensors (传感器), the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight.（利用光和传感器，机器人能把植物挪离或挪进阳光。）可知，Hexa有助于帮助室内植物获得适量的阳光。故选D。
2. 根据第三段第一句The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room.（这款机器人是Vincross公司的工程师、创始人孙天奇在看到房间里黑暗中的一株死去的向日葵后发明的。）可知，第三段介绍了制造机器人助手的起因。故选D。
3. 根据倒数第二段 According to Sun Tianqi...but I would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants.（根据Sun Tianqi 的说法，数十亿年来，植物从未经历过任何形式的挪动，甚至是最简单的挪动。在他们的一生中，他们坚持长在他们出生的地方。Sun Tianqi 继续说道，“他们想要打破自己的局限或有一个打破这个局限的趋势吗？我不知道答案，但我想尝试分享一些人类的趋势和技术。”）可知，Sun Tianqi想尝试与植物分享一些人类的趋势和技术，在机器人的帮助下，植物可以体验移动。故选C。
4. 根据文章第一段内容（如果你因为没有好花园而失望，那么将来聪明的机器人会成为你室内植物的助手。）可知，文章主题是：室内植物的助手。故选B。
5~9.【答案】E、D、G、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要针对目前孩子们在大自然中玩耍和消磨的时间越来越少的问题，呼吁政府为孩子们每天腾出一小时的自然时间，并将此纳入日常学校生活，同时讲述了参与自然活动对孩子们的好处。
根据上文Children should spend at least one hour playing in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts.（根据野生动物信托基金会的建议，孩子们每天至少应该花一个小时在大自然中玩耍。）可知，上文提到了Wildlife Trusts的言论，本句应承接上文继续介绍这个组织。E选项（这是一个为2300个自然保护区代言的组织。）符合语境。其中的It指代上文的the Wildlife Trusts。故选E。
2. 根据上一段中的It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.（它现在呼吁政府将与自然接触的时间纳入日常学校生活。）以及下文中的The 451 students in the study were 8 or 9 years of age. They were interviewed before and after nature activities. The activities were run by the Wildlife Trusts over the course of several weeks, such as learning about plants and trees.（参与研究的451名学生年龄在8到9岁之间。他们在自然活动前后接受了采访。这些活动是由野生动物信托组织进行的，为期数周，比如学习植物和树木。）可知，上文提到了呼吁的内容，本句是在说明呼吁的来源，D项（这一呼吁来自伦敦大学学院的一项研究。）符合语境。故选D。
3. 根据上文中的The children showed a great increase in personal health.（孩子们的健康状况有了很大的改善。）以及下文中的90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world（90%的人说他们学到了一些关于自然世界的新东西）可知，本句应承接上文继续说明孩子们在研究中的表现，G项（他们还表现出与自然世界的联系和高度的享受。）中的they also showed和上文中的The children showed相呼应，符合语境。故选G。
4. 根据上文90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world; 79 percent felt the experience would help their schoolwork; 81percent said they had better relationships with their teachers.（90%的人说他们学到了一些关于自然世界的新东西；79%的人认为这种经历对他们的学业有帮助；81%的学生表示他们与老师的关系更好。）可知，C项（79%的人表示他们会更相信自己。）中的 79 percent呼应上文，符合语境。故选C。
5. 根据上文中的However, parents aren't giving kids that time.（然而，父母并没有给孩子这样的时间。）和下文A 2017 report found that less than 10 percent British kids enjoyed themselves in nature, compared to 40 percent of adults when they were younger years ago. To improve the situation, the organization is calling on the government to free up a daily hour for nature time for kids.（2017年的一份报告发现，只有不到10%的英国孩子喜欢大自然，而几年前，在他们年轻的时候，有40%的成年人喜欢大自然。为了改善这种状况，该组织呼吁政府每天为孩子们腾出一小时的自然时间。）可知，下文中的报告说明了孩子们接触自然的时间变少了，该组织呼吁政府让孩子们每天腾出一小时享受自然时光，B项（近年来，这种时间大大缩短了。）中的the time 和上文中的that time相呼应，符合语境。故选B。
10~24.【答案】B、C、A、D、D、A、C、A、B、C、D、A、C、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文讲述了一对夫妇在过去的25年里，购买废弃的农业用地，并植树造林的故事。
句意：他们想把这片土地归还给大象、鸟类和其他生物赖以生存的雨林。A.sell卖；B.return归还；C.move移动；D.offer提供。根据上句中Malhotra have spent the last 25 years buying abandoned (废弃的) agricultural land and reforesting it.可知，收购废弃的土地，归还给大象、鸟类和其他生物。故选B。
2. 句意同上。A.plants植物；B.producers生产者；C.creatures生物；D.humans人类。根据for elephants, birds and other可知，此处指其他生物。故选C。
3. 句意：这对夫妇发现了300多种鸟类以及许多珍稀濒危动物。A.rare罕见的；B.common共同的，普通的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.lazy懒惰的。濒危动物应该是罕见动物。故选A。
4. 句意：1991年，当帕梅拉和阿尼尔来到这个国家的这个地区时，情况并非如此。A.point观点；B.design设计；C.land陆地；D.scene场面，情景。这里指来到这个地区时的场面、情况。故选D。
5. 句意：当我来到这里的时候，那是一片荒地。A.habitat栖息地 ；B. park公园；C. field领域；D. wasteland荒地。根据第一段第二句Malhotra have spent the last 25 years buying abandoned (废弃的) agricultural land and reforesting it.可知，这里指被遗弃的荒地。故选D。
6. 句意：对我和帕梅拉来说，这就是我们一生所追求的。A.seeking for寻找，追求；B.thinking about考虑；C.putting forward提出；D.looking after照顾。这里指一生所追求的。故选A。
7. 句意：当Malhotra夫妇来到印度时，污染使他们感到震惊。A.interested使感兴趣；B.confused使糊涂，使迷惑；C.shocked使震惊；D.embarrassed（使）尴尬。污染严重肯定会使人们感到震惊。故选C。
8. 句意：就在那时，我们决定做一些事情来恢复印度的森林。A.do做；B.add添加；C.detect查明，察觉；D. drag拖拉。根据下文可知，他们决定做些事情来恢复印度的森林。故选A。
9. 句意：我们已经意识到淡水短缺将是全世界关注的问题。A.suspected怀疑；B.realized意识到；C.replied答复；D.regretted感到遗憾。根据空后的内容可知，这是他们已经意识到的事情。故选B。
10. 句意同上。A. comfort舒适，安慰；B.warning警告； C.concern担忧，关心；D.failure失败。缺少淡水当然是一个“担忧”。故选C。
11. 句意：保护森林土地和野生动物栖息地是拯救我们自己的唯一方法，因为它们是重要水源的来源。A.control控制；B. thank感谢；C.equip装备；D.save挽救。保护森林土地和野生动物栖息地是为了拯救自己。故选D。
12. 句意：在买下第一块55英亩土地后，他们开始种树。A.began开始；B.hesitated犹豫；C.hoped希望；D.chose选择。他们买了最初的55英亩地之后，开始种树。故选A。
13. 句意：禁止偷猎是一项挑战。A.enjoyment享受，乐趣；B.answer回答；C.challenge挑战；D.reality现实。要提高人们禁止偷猎的意识，所以这是一种挑战。故选C。
14. 句意：有时我和偷猎者发生打斗。A.finish完成；B.communicate交流；C.work工作；D.fight大豆。根据下文中的I was even in great danger once可推知，有时Pamela会与偷猎者发生打斗。故选D。
15. 句意：然而，我希望我们现在所做的能对动物产生影响。A.However然而；B.Therefore 所以；C.Besides此外；D.Moreover而且。根据空处前后的内容可知，此处表示转折。故选A。
25.【答案】【小题1】
is crowded with
【小题2】
answer the call
【小题3】
a variety of
【小题4】
in question
【小题5】
came to exist
【小题6】
Native to
【解析】1. 句意：电动汽车展览会挤满了人，这说明电动汽车越来越受欢迎。be crowded with挤满，动词短语，符合题意。结合语境可知，此处时态为一般现在时，主语为The electric car show是单数形式，be动词应用is。故填is crowded with。
2. 句意：为了响应这一呼吁，该市计划出台更详细的教育政策，以减轻学生的学习负担。answer the call响应，呼吁，动词短语，符合题意；分析句子及空前的不定式符号to可知，空处应填动词原形。故填answer the call。
3. 句意：春节联欢晚会有各种各样的节目，包括唱歌、跳舞、相声等。a variety of各种各样的……，为固定短语，符合题意。故填a variety of。
4. 句意：如何进行有效的成本控制仍是个问题。in question成问题的，为固定短语，符合题意。故填in question。
5. 句意：直到最近，历史学家都认为日历是随着农业的出现而出现的。come to exist存在，为动词短语，符合题意；结合语境可知，空处时态应为一般过去时。故填came to exist。
6. 句意：花生原产于南美洲，据说是早期探险家引入北美的。be native to原产于……，为固定短语，符合题意。分析句子可知，当主句的主语和谓语动词和从句的主语一致时，可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，空处应填native to。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Native to。
26.【答案】which/that
【解析】句意：连接北京和张家口的高铁线路投入运行了，张家口是2022年北京冬奥会的协办城市。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是The high-speed railway line，且在从句中作主语，故用which/that。故填which/that。
27.【答案】evolution
【解析】句意：剪纸是中国的一种传统艺术形式，其历史和发展值得研究。分析句子可知，whose history and ______ (evolve)在定语从句中作主语，再根据history and可知，此处应用名词形式；提示词evolve的名词形式为evolution，意为“进化（论）；演变”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填evolution。
28.【答案】are linked
【解析】句意：当计算机联网时，它们就连接起来了，彼此可以互传信息。分析句子及结合语境可知，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时；they指代computers，与link之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。所以空处应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为they是复数形式，be动词应用are。故填are linked。
29.【答案】has declined
【解析】句意：自从引进新技术以来，工厂的工人人数减少了。分析句子可知，空处应填动词作谓语；分析句子，在含有since引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，从句用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时，且主句主语为the number of workers，表示“工人的数量”，谓语应用单数，故填has declined。
30.【答案】detected
【解析】句意：如果在早期发现，许多皮肤癌是完全可以治愈的。分析可知，if引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语中有be动词，从句的主语和be动词可省略。本句中if后省略了many skin cancers are，故填detected。
31.【答案】a
【解析】句意：销售的处理方式完全是一种耻辱。be a disgrace意为“是耻辱，是丢脸的事”，为固定用法。故填a。
32.【答案】to generate
【解析】句意：政府支持该项目的目的是创造大量新的就业机会。分析句子可知，此处作表语，表示目的，应用动词不定式。故填to generate。
33.【答案】characteristics
【解析】句意：这个实验包含了两组性格迥异的孩子。分析可知，characteristic 意为“特征"”是可数名词，且根据句意及空前的different 可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填characteristics。
34.【答案】【小题1】
geologist
【小题2】
distant
【小题3】
samples
【小题4】
it
【小题5】
to
【小题6】
suspected
【小题7】
which
【小题8】
completely
【小题9】
is regarded
【小题10】
written
【解析】1. 根据and后的naturalist可知，此处表示“地质学家”，应用geologist。故填geologist 。
2. 分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰countries应用形容词。故填distant。
3. sample为可数名词，其前没有限定词，且根据of the plants and animals可知，此处表示复数概念，故用名词复数。故填samples。
4. 此处是it was believed that...句型，表示“人们相信……”，其中it为形式主语，that 从句是真正的主语。故填it。
5. adapt to意为“适应”，为固定搭配。故填to。
6. 根据时间状语In 1835可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填suspected。
7. 分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a common ancestor，且空处在从句中作主语，应填which。故填which。
8. 分析句子可知，空处作状语，修饰形容词new，故用副词。故填completely。
9. 分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语；根据时间状语Today可知，此处应用一般现在时，且On the Origin of Species与regard之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。主语为On the Origin of Species 是单数形式，be动词应用is。故填is regarded
10. 分析可知，此处应填非谓语动词；works与write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词的-ed形式作定语。故填written。
35.【答案】【小题1】
have been shown/were shown
【小题2】
known
【小题3】
with
【小题4】
clearly
【小题5】
elements
【小题6】
who
【小题7】
to express
【小题8】
wonderful
【小题9】
strength
【小题10】
has
【解析】1. 分析句子可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在影响，应用现在完成时；且表示“被展示”，应用被动语态。此处也可理解为动作发生在过去，可用一般过去时。综上，空处应填现在完成时的被动语态或者一般过去时的被动语态。主语为复数，故填have been shown/were shown。
2. 分析句子可知，The mascots与know之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式作定语。故填known。
3. connect...with...意为“把……与……联系起来”，为固定搭配。故填with。
4. 分析句子可知，空处作状语修饰谓语动词explained，应用副词。clearly意为“清楚地”，副词，符合题意。故填clearly。
5. element意为“元素”，为可数名词，且空前没有限定词，故用名词复数形式。故填elements。
6. 分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词指人，应用who引导。故填who。
7. 分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to express。
8. 分析句子可知，空处修饰characteristics作定语，应用形容词wonderful，意为“精彩的”，符合题意。故填wonderful。
9. 分析句子及根据and后的liveliness可知，此处应用名词；提示词strong的名词形式为strength，意为“力量”，此处为不可数名词，符合题意。故填strength。
10. 分析句子可知，此处表示客观描述，应用一般现在时，且Rhon Rhon作主语，谓语动词应用三单。故填has。
36.【答案】blame
【解析】句意：母亲不知道是谁打碎了玻璃，因为这是在她外出时发生的。分析句子及空前的不定式符号to可知，空处应填动词；结合句意和首字母提示，blame“责怪，归咎于”，此处为动词，符合题意；be to blame for sth.“应该受到责备；对某坏事应负责”，为固定短语。故填blame。
37.【答案】legend
【解析】句意：根据中国古代的一个传说，神农在火上烧水时发现了茶。分析句子及空前的不定冠词an可知，空处应填单数可数名词；结合句意和首字母提示，legend传说，可数名词，符合题意。故填legend。
38.【答案】generate
【解析】句意：减少食物浪费将产生经济和环境效益，最终将造福于整个中国社会。分析句子及空前的情态动词would可知，空处应填动词原形作谓语；结合句意和汉语提示，generate产生，动词，符合题意。故填generate。
39.【答案】ancestor
【解析】句意：研究表明，狮子和家猫是从同一种共同的祖先进化而来的。分析句子及空前的不定冠词a可知，空处应填可数名词的单数形式；结合句意和汉语提示，ancestor祖先，可数名词，符合题意。故填ancestor。
40.【答案】seed
【解析】句意：这个小男孩对种子变成植物的过程非常好奇，他查阅了很多书。分析句子及空前的不定冠词a可知，空处应填单数可数名词；结合汉语提示，seed种子，此处为可数名词，符合题意。故填seed。
41.【答案】worldwide
【解析】句意：在新冠肺炎疫情爆发期间，世界各地的公司都转向了在线销售，以度过难关。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词Companies；结合句意和汉语提示，worldwide全世界的，形容词，符合题意。故填worldwide。
42.【答案】evolved from a drawing
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分为“从……得到启发”译为evolve from，在句中作谓语；“一幅画”译为a drawing。分析句子及结合语境，空处时态为一般过去时，故填evolved from a drawing。
43.【答案】that/who were to blame for
【解析】根据中英文对照，空处缺少部分“应对……负责”译为be to blame for。分析句子可知，此处为强调句型，即“it ＋is/was＋被强调部分＋who/that＋句子的其他部分”，此处强调部分为you，应用that或者who引导；结合语境和空前的was可知，此处时态为一般过去时；由于被强调部分为you，所以空处that引导的从句中的be动词应用were，故填that/who were to blame for。
44.【答案】get to the root of
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分为“找到它的根源”。“找到”译为get to；“……的根源”the root of。分析句子及空前的need to可知，空处应填动词原形。故填get to the root of。
45.【答案】had hoped to send
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分为“希望”译为hope，在句中作谓语；“送”send。结合语境及括号内的提示可知，空处时态应用过去完成时，应填had hoped；“希望做某事”译为hope to do...，故填had hoped to send。
46.【答案】While/Although/Though it is the first choice of
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分“……的首选”译为the first choice of。分析句子可知，空处应用while/although/though引导让步状语从句，且从句的时态为一般现在时。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填While/Although/Though it is the first choice of。
47.【答案】where they go to college
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，空处缺少部分为“去哪里上大学”。“上大学”译为go to college。分析句子可知，空处应用where引导宾语从句；结合语境可知，where引导的宾语从句时态也为一般现在时，主语为they，谓语动词用原形。故填where they go to college。
48.【答案】【小题1】how interesting my science homework was
【小题2】gave each student in class a seed
【小题3】how the seed she had given us was going
【小题4】the seed hadn't come up yet
【小题5】write an observational journal
【小题6】blamed myself
【小题7】as I detected nothing
【小题8】I set down the characteristics of the plant
【小题9】a great sense of achievement
【小题10】It was my science teacher that/who had a big influence on me
【解析】1. 结合汉语提示，“我的科学作业”译为my science homework；“多么有意思”译为how interesting。结合语境可知，空处时态应用一般过去时，主语为my science homework，be动词应用was，故填how interesting my science homework was。
2. 根据汉语提示，“给某人某物”译为give sb. sth.；“每位学生”译为each student；“一颗种子”译为a seed；“班里”译为in class。结合语境，此处时态为一般过去时，故填gave each student in class a seed。
3. 根据汉语提示，“种子”译为the seed；“给某人某物”译为give sb. sth.。分析句子可知，空处应用how引导宾语从句，结合语境及空前的asked可知，“给种子”这个动作发生在asked之前，所以从句的时态应用过去完成时。故填how the seed she had given us was going。
4. 根据汉语提示，“种子”译为the seed；“发芽”译为come up。分析句子及根据空前的answered可知，“发芽”这个动作发生在answered的之前，所以此处应用过去完成时。故填the seed hadn't come up yet。
5. 根据汉语提示，“一篇观察日记”译为an observational journal；“写”译为write。分析句子及根据空前的不定式符号to可知，空处应填动词原形。故填write an observational journal。
6. 根据汉语意思，“责备某人”译为blame oneself。结合语境及空后的felt可知，此处时态应用一般过去时；反身代词应用myself。故填blamed myself。
7. 根据汉语提示，“发现”译为detect；“什么都没有”译为nothing。分析句子及结合语境可知，空处应用as引导原因状语从句，时态为一般过去时。故填as I detected nothing。
8. 根据汉语提示，“记下”译为set down；“……的特征”译为the characteristics of；“植物”译为plant。分析句子及结合语境，此处时态为一般过去时，故填I set down the characteristics of the plant。
9. 根据汉语提示，“巨大的”译为great；“……的感觉”译为a sense of；“成就”译为achievement，为可数名词。故填a great sense of achievement。
10. 根据汉语提示，“我的科学老师”译为my science teache；“对……有巨大影响”译为have a big influence on...。分析句子可知，此处为强调句型，即it is/was＋句子的强调部分＋who/that＋其他成分。此处强调my science teacher，是人，所以that和who引导都可以。结合语境，此处时态为一般过去时。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填It was my science teacher that/who had a big influence on me。
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