高考英语书面表达读后续写微技能：修辞学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 高考英语书面表达读后续写微技能：修辞学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-11 03:28:59 | ||
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读后续写微技能：形象生动的描写常用的修辞
明喻
Simile： It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common.
明喻是比喻修辞的一种，在强调两种事物的相似点的同时，本体、喻体、喻词都出现，且能使语言生动形象。喻词有like, as , as...as, as if等。
（一）用like作喻词——by using simile marker“like”.
The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
The scenery along the journey is just like a breath-taking landscape painting.
沿路的风景就像一幅美丽的山水画卷。
翻译：
I feel like _______________________________________________________
我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋中。
The icy wind started howling, _______________________________________
寒风开始咆哮，像锋利的小刀一样刺痛了我的脸。
（二）用as..as作喻词——by using simile marker “as...as”
The smile on her face was as vibrant as the sun on a summer day.
她脸上的笑容和夏天的太阳一样充满活力。
The Father rushed to his son's school, only to discover the building was as flat as pancake.
父亲冲到儿子的学校后，才发现这座建筑已经变成一片废墟。
翻译：
3.I reached out to touch her face, which was ____________________________
我伸手去摸她的脸，发现她的脸像冰一样冰冷。
4.他铁石心肠。
His heart is ______________________________________________________
（三）用as if作喻词 ——by using simile marker “as if”
Mrs Sather looked at my eyes as if (she were) seeing my inner self locked away inside.
Sather老师看着我的眼睛，仿佛看到了我灵魂深处封闭的自我。
She swept her son into her arms with her eyes wet as if she wanted to squeeze the breath out of him.
她眼睛湿润，把儿子拥进怀里，仿佛想把他的呼吸挤出来。
翻译：
Her hair grew greyer and greyer, ______________________________________
他的头发越来越白了，简直像盖了一头皑皑的霜雪。
It seemed ________________________________________________________
好像到了世界末日。
二、暗喻
Metaphor： It is a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another. Unlike simile, a word or a phrase that compares one thing to another, using the words like or as.
暗喻是比喻修辞的一种，用一种事物比喻另一种事物，本体喻体都出现，中间常用喻词“是”等连接，有时不用喻词。暗喻的典型形式为：甲是乙，而不用like, as等喻词。
（一）通过be动词联系——by using the link word “be”
Her hair was a flowing golden river streaming down her shoulders. 她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩上的金色河流。
The beautiful park was a scented carpet of color.美丽的公园就是一个芬芳的彩色地毯。
翻译：
7._________________________________, full of twists and turns.
生活就像一条未被探索的河流，充满着各种曲折。
8._____________________________ that drives winter from the human face.
笑是驱走人们脸上寒意的太阳。
（二） 通过动词联系——by using the verbs
I felt a lump in my throat, tears welling up in my eyes.
我如鲠在喉，泪水湿润了眼眶。
He doesn't have an idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say.
他没有自己的观点，只会鹦鹉学舌。
翻译：
9._______________________________________________________________ (blanket v.)
整个房子沉浸在一片寂寞中。
10.______________________________________________________________(wolf v.)
小男孩狼吞虎咽。
三、拟人
Personification：It gives human form of feelings to animals and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate (无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象).
拟人就是赋予物以人的语言属性。这种拟人化的修辞手法读起来使人感到特别形象生动，富有情趣。
（一）把自然现象当作人来描写
The wind stood up and gave a shout . 大风凛冽，发出怒吼。
The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air, making a beautiful picture.
鹅毛般的雪花在空中飞舞，像一幅美丽的图画。
翻译：
11.The breeze ____________________________________________________________
微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸庞。
12._____________________________________________________________________
森林屏住呼吸，树似乎在专心倾听。
（二）把含蓄抽象的概念当作人来描写
Fear seized/swallowed him. 恐惧把他吞噬了。
Anger choked my words. 我气得说不出话来。
翻译：
A good idea________________________________________________________(strike v.)
我突然想到一个好主意。
Anxiety ___________________________________________________________(tear v.)
焦虑把他撕成了碎片。
（三）把动物当作人来描写
In the dead of night, the crickets (蟋蟀) played on the terrace of the house.
寂静的夜，蟋蟀旁若无人地在房子的阳台上玩。
Fireflies patrol the grass with small lanterns. 萤火虫提着小灯笼在草丛中巡逻。
翻译：
15.__________________________________________________________________
树上的小鸟在树上唱着美妙的歌曲。
16.__________________________________________________________________
青蛙在举办音乐会。
夸张
Hyperbole：It is the deliberate use of overstatement or understatement to achieve emphasis.
夸张是比喻修辞的一种，是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的，它可以加强语拾势，增加表达效果。
She was half dead with fear.她吓得半死。
My heart sank when he left. 当他离开时我心都碎了。
翻译：
17.___________________________________________________________________
我的血液都凝固了。
18. ___________________________________________________________________
这让她的心悬到了嗓子眼。
读后续写微技能二： 参考答案
I am floating in an ocean of sadness.
2.cutting my face like a sharp knife.
3.as cold as the ice.
4.as hard as a stone.
5.as if( it were )covered with snow and frost
6.as if the world was at an end.
7.Life is an unexplored river.
8.Laughter is the sun
9.A heavy silence blanketed the room.
10.The boy wolfed down the food.
11.gently kissed her cheeks.
12.The forest held its breath, and the trees seemed to listen intently.
13. suddenly struck me.
14. torn him into pieces.
15.Birds on the tree are singing a beautiful song.
16.The frogs are giving a concert
17. My blood froze.
18.It brought her heart into her mouth.
明喻
Simile： It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common.
明喻是比喻修辞的一种，在强调两种事物的相似点的同时，本体、喻体、喻词都出现，且能使语言生动形象。喻词有like, as , as...as, as if等。
（一）用like作喻词——by using simile marker“like”.
The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
The scenery along the journey is just like a breath-taking landscape painting.
沿路的风景就像一幅美丽的山水画卷。
翻译：
I feel like _______________________________________________________
我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋中。
The icy wind started howling, _______________________________________
寒风开始咆哮，像锋利的小刀一样刺痛了我的脸。
（二）用as..as作喻词——by using simile marker “as...as”
The smile on her face was as vibrant as the sun on a summer day.
她脸上的笑容和夏天的太阳一样充满活力。
The Father rushed to his son's school, only to discover the building was as flat as pancake.
父亲冲到儿子的学校后，才发现这座建筑已经变成一片废墟。
翻译：
3.I reached out to touch her face, which was ____________________________
我伸手去摸她的脸，发现她的脸像冰一样冰冷。
4.他铁石心肠。
His heart is ______________________________________________________
（三）用as if作喻词 ——by using simile marker “as if”
Mrs Sather looked at my eyes as if (she were) seeing my inner self locked away inside.
Sather老师看着我的眼睛，仿佛看到了我灵魂深处封闭的自我。
She swept her son into her arms with her eyes wet as if she wanted to squeeze the breath out of him.
她眼睛湿润，把儿子拥进怀里，仿佛想把他的呼吸挤出来。
翻译：
Her hair grew greyer and greyer, ______________________________________
他的头发越来越白了，简直像盖了一头皑皑的霜雪。
It seemed ________________________________________________________
好像到了世界末日。
二、暗喻
Metaphor： It is a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another. Unlike simile, a word or a phrase that compares one thing to another, using the words like or as.
暗喻是比喻修辞的一种，用一种事物比喻另一种事物，本体喻体都出现，中间常用喻词“是”等连接，有时不用喻词。暗喻的典型形式为：甲是乙，而不用like, as等喻词。
（一）通过be动词联系——by using the link word “be”
Her hair was a flowing golden river streaming down her shoulders. 她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩上的金色河流。
The beautiful park was a scented carpet of color.美丽的公园就是一个芬芳的彩色地毯。
翻译：
7._________________________________, full of twists and turns.
生活就像一条未被探索的河流，充满着各种曲折。
8._____________________________ that drives winter from the human face.
笑是驱走人们脸上寒意的太阳。
（二） 通过动词联系——by using the verbs
I felt a lump in my throat, tears welling up in my eyes.
我如鲠在喉，泪水湿润了眼眶。
He doesn't have an idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say.
他没有自己的观点，只会鹦鹉学舌。
翻译：
9._______________________________________________________________ (blanket v.)
整个房子沉浸在一片寂寞中。
10.______________________________________________________________(wolf v.)
小男孩狼吞虎咽。
三、拟人
Personification：It gives human form of feelings to animals and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate (无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象).
拟人就是赋予物以人的语言属性。这种拟人化的修辞手法读起来使人感到特别形象生动，富有情趣。
（一）把自然现象当作人来描写
The wind stood up and gave a shout . 大风凛冽，发出怒吼。
The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air, making a beautiful picture.
鹅毛般的雪花在空中飞舞，像一幅美丽的图画。
翻译：
11.The breeze ____________________________________________________________
微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸庞。
12._____________________________________________________________________
森林屏住呼吸，树似乎在专心倾听。
（二）把含蓄抽象的概念当作人来描写
Fear seized/swallowed him. 恐惧把他吞噬了。
Anger choked my words. 我气得说不出话来。
翻译：
A good idea________________________________________________________(strike v.)
我突然想到一个好主意。
Anxiety ___________________________________________________________(tear v.)
焦虑把他撕成了碎片。
（三）把动物当作人来描写
In the dead of night, the crickets (蟋蟀) played on the terrace of the house.
寂静的夜，蟋蟀旁若无人地在房子的阳台上玩。
Fireflies patrol the grass with small lanterns. 萤火虫提着小灯笼在草丛中巡逻。
翻译：
15.__________________________________________________________________
树上的小鸟在树上唱着美妙的歌曲。
16.__________________________________________________________________
青蛙在举办音乐会。
夸张
Hyperbole：It is the deliberate use of overstatement or understatement to achieve emphasis.
夸张是比喻修辞的一种，是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的，它可以加强语拾势，增加表达效果。
She was half dead with fear.她吓得半死。
My heart sank when he left. 当他离开时我心都碎了。
翻译：
17.___________________________________________________________________
我的血液都凝固了。
18. ___________________________________________________________________
这让她的心悬到了嗓子眼。
读后续写微技能二： 参考答案
I am floating in an ocean of sadness.
2.cutting my face like a sharp knife.
3.as cold as the ice.
4.as hard as a stone.
5.as if( it were )covered with snow and frost
6.as if the world was at an end.
7.Life is an unexplored river.
8.Laughter is the sun
9.A heavy silence blanketed the room.
10.The boy wolfed down the food.
11.gently kissed her cheeks.
12.The forest held its breath, and the trees seemed to listen intently.
13. suddenly struck me.
14. torn him into pieces.
15.Birds on the tree are singing a beautiful song.
16.The frogs are giving a concert
17. My blood froze.
18.It brought her heart into her mouth.