外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown Starting out & Understanding ideas随堂检测（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown Starting out & Understanding ideas随堂检测（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-11 23:11:00 | ||
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Unit 5 Into the unknown Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas
一、填空
1.悬崖如此陡峭，无人敢尝试攀爬。
The cliff is ________ ________ ________ no one dares to make an attempt at climbing.
2.她的钱全花完了，她不得不从朋友那里借一些。
________ ________ ________ ________, she had to borrow some from her friends.
3.她什么也没说这个事实使我们感到惊讶。
The fact ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ surprised all of us.
4.她离开房间时太匆忙了，结果（忘了关灯而）让灯亮了整整一个晚上。
She left the room so hurriedly, ________ ________ ________ ________ for the whole night.
5.A similar _____(特点) is found at 13 degrees north between 230 degrees and 250 degrees longitude.
6.Astronauts will make an _____(尝试) today to rescue a communications satellite from its useless orbit.
7.The _____(册) published last month consists of 60 short poems and 20 long poems.
8.Go south and you can see a flight of steps leading _____(向上) to the front door.
9.Every _____(物质), no matter what it is, is composed of very small particles called molecules(分子).
10.I think we can safely ________(拒绝考虑）their objections.
11.I wonder if you know anything about ________(天文学）.
12.It is generally agreed that the economic crisis led to the ________(衰败） of the country.
13.As we know, the Panama ________(运河） has played a very important role in transportation.
14.The book that he bought yesterday explores the relationship between religion and ________(文明).
15.________(埋藏） deep down in the earth for thousands of years，the dead forest has rotted away and become coal.
二、语法填空
16.The Mysteries of the Maya
Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America, Maya civilisation ①__________(surround) by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. The Maya built ②__________ (impress) palaces and temples. ③__________ is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. They applied their understanding of mathematics and astronomy ④__________ the Maya calendar, which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year. On top of all this was an achievement unique in the Americas at that time: a true writing system. It was a writing system so complicated that, so far, no one has been able to interpret it ⑤__________ (complete).
The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements more incredible and mysterious. Meanwhile, the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us ⑥__________ (think) about our past, present and future. By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at ⑦__________ (it) peak. Yet, within a couple of generations, it began to mysteriously decline. The cities were left ⑧__________ (take) back by the jungle.
Some research seems to indicate that the Maya people themselves may have played a part in their downfall. Research also suggests that those natural ⑨__________ (disaster) may have led to the decline of the Maya. ⑩__________ the reasons, Maya civilisation largely disappeared within the deep jungle.
17. 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When you think of robots, what is the first thing that comes to mind Do you think of science fiction movies like Star Wars, ①_____ robots of all shapes and sizes are part of daily life Robots were once just the product of fiction. The word itself came from the play Rossum's Universal Robots, ②_____ (write) in 1920 by Karel Capek.
Today most robots don't look like humans. They appear in many forms and ③_____ (programme) to perform a wide variety of things, from working in factories ④_____ exploring the surface of Mars. But there is a surprising problem in the world of robots: What humans find easy is ⑤_____ (extreme) complicated for a robot. For example, picking up clothes in a messy room ⑥_____ (be) simple for humans, but it is difficult for robots to do that. ⑦_____ problem is to programme a robot to pick up some objects of different shapes and sizes without damaging them.
It shows that one of the most difficult things ⑧_____ (improve) in robots is their flexibility. Exciting ⑨_____ (develop) in making human-like hands and legs are under way. But the biggest advancements are to teach robots to guess what they can do and ⑩_____ they help us with daily tasks.
答案以及解析
1.答案：so sheer that
2.答案：All her money spent
3.答案：that she had not said anything
4.答案：leaving the lights on
5.答案：feature
6.答案：attempt
7.答案：volume
8.答案：upwards
9.答案：substance
10.答案：dismiss
11.答案：astronomy
12.答案：downfall
13.答案：Canal
14.答案：civilisation
15.答案：Buried
16.答案：has been surrounded; impressive; What; to; completely; thinking; its; to be taken; disasters; Whatever
解析：①考查动词的时态和语态。根据since its rediscovery 可知应用现在完成时,Maya civilisation与surround之间为被动关系,因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
②考查词性转换。修饰palaces and temples应用形容词形式。
③考查名词性从句。________ is most extraordinary about these complex structures 为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“……的事情”,因此用连接代词What。
④考查介词。apply...to...把……应用到……。
⑤考查副词。修饰动词interpret应用副词形式。
⑥考查非谓语动词。leave sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事。
⑦考查代词。修饰名词peak应用形容词性物主代词。
⑧考查非谓语动词。此处用到了“leave sth. to do sth.”的被动形式,且take back与The cities之间为被动关系,故设空处用不定式的被动结构。
⑨ 考查名词的复数形式。disaster为可数名词,此处被those修饰,因此用复数形式。
⑩ 考查让步状语从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,设空处引导让步状语从句,意为“无论什么”,故填Whatever。
17.答案：where; written; are programmed ; to; extremely; is; Another; to improve; developments; how
解析：①句意为:你想到了像《星球大战》这样的科幻电影吗 在《星球大战》里, 各种形状和尺寸的机器人是日常生活的一部分。_____ robots of all shapes and sizes are part of daily life在此处是非限制性定语从句, 先行词为Star Wars, 关系词在从句中作地点状语, 应用where引导。
②句意为:这个词本身来自卡雷尔 恰佩克在1920年写的戏剧《罗素姆万能机器人》。write在此处应用非谓语动词形式作定语, 与其逻辑主语the play是被动关系, 用过去分词形式, 故填written。
③句意为:它们以多种形式出现, 被设置去做各种各样的事情, 从在工厂工作到探索火星表面。此处与appear并列作句子的谓语, programme与主语They之间为被动关系, 且根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时, 所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are programmed。
④句意见上一题解析。from... to...意为“从…… 到…… ”,是固定搭配。故填to。
⑤句意为: 人们认为容易的事情, 对机器人来说极其困难。此处修饰形容词complicated, 应该用副词。故填extremely。
⑥句意为:比如, 在一个凌乱的房间里捡衣服对人类来说很简单, 但对机器人来说那样做很难。此处描述客观事实, 应用一般现在时, 且动名词短语作主语, 谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。
⑦句意为:另一个难题是给机器人设置程序让其拾取一些不同形状和大小的物品, 同时不破坏这些物品。根据上文中的there is a surprising problem可知, 此处是另一个(another)问题, 且设空处位于句首, 故填Another。
⑧句意为:这说明, 机器人最难提高的其中一点是灵活性。此处名词things被形容词最髙级修饰, 应用动词不定式作其后置定语。故填to improve。
⑨句意为:在制造(机器人)与人—样的手和腿方面, 人们正在取得一些令人兴奋的进步。设空处在句中作主语, 应用名词, development是可数名词, 前面没有冠词, 且谓语动词是are, 应该用名词复数, 故填developments。
⑩句意为:但最大的进步是教机器人猜它们能做什么和它们怎么帮我们处理日常事务。 they help us with daily tasks是宾语从句, 连接词在从句中作状语, 意为“怎样”, 故填how。
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一、填空
1.悬崖如此陡峭，无人敢尝试攀爬。
The cliff is ________ ________ ________ no one dares to make an attempt at climbing.
2.她的钱全花完了，她不得不从朋友那里借一些。
________ ________ ________ ________, she had to borrow some from her friends.
3.她什么也没说这个事实使我们感到惊讶。
The fact ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ surprised all of us.
4.她离开房间时太匆忙了，结果（忘了关灯而）让灯亮了整整一个晚上。
She left the room so hurriedly, ________ ________ ________ ________ for the whole night.
5.A similar _____(特点) is found at 13 degrees north between 230 degrees and 250 degrees longitude.
6.Astronauts will make an _____(尝试) today to rescue a communications satellite from its useless orbit.
7.The _____(册) published last month consists of 60 short poems and 20 long poems.
8.Go south and you can see a flight of steps leading _____(向上) to the front door.
9.Every _____(物质), no matter what it is, is composed of very small particles called molecules(分子).
10.I think we can safely ________(拒绝考虑）their objections.
11.I wonder if you know anything about ________(天文学）.
12.It is generally agreed that the economic crisis led to the ________(衰败） of the country.
13.As we know, the Panama ________(运河） has played a very important role in transportation.
14.The book that he bought yesterday explores the relationship between religion and ________(文明).
15.________(埋藏） deep down in the earth for thousands of years，the dead forest has rotted away and become coal.
二、语法填空
16.The Mysteries of the Maya
Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America, Maya civilisation ①__________(surround) by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. The Maya built ②__________ (impress) palaces and temples. ③__________ is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. They applied their understanding of mathematics and astronomy ④__________ the Maya calendar, which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year. On top of all this was an achievement unique in the Americas at that time: a true writing system. It was a writing system so complicated that, so far, no one has been able to interpret it ⑤__________ (complete).
The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements more incredible and mysterious. Meanwhile, the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us ⑥__________ (think) about our past, present and future. By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at ⑦__________ (it) peak. Yet, within a couple of generations, it began to mysteriously decline. The cities were left ⑧__________ (take) back by the jungle.
Some research seems to indicate that the Maya people themselves may have played a part in their downfall. Research also suggests that those natural ⑨__________ (disaster) may have led to the decline of the Maya. ⑩__________ the reasons, Maya civilisation largely disappeared within the deep jungle.
17. 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When you think of robots, what is the first thing that comes to mind Do you think of science fiction movies like Star Wars, ①_____ robots of all shapes and sizes are part of daily life Robots were once just the product of fiction. The word itself came from the play Rossum's Universal Robots, ②_____ (write) in 1920 by Karel Capek.
Today most robots don't look like humans. They appear in many forms and ③_____ (programme) to perform a wide variety of things, from working in factories ④_____ exploring the surface of Mars. But there is a surprising problem in the world of robots: What humans find easy is ⑤_____ (extreme) complicated for a robot. For example, picking up clothes in a messy room ⑥_____ (be) simple for humans, but it is difficult for robots to do that. ⑦_____ problem is to programme a robot to pick up some objects of different shapes and sizes without damaging them.
It shows that one of the most difficult things ⑧_____ (improve) in robots is their flexibility. Exciting ⑨_____ (develop) in making human-like hands and legs are under way. But the biggest advancements are to teach robots to guess what they can do and ⑩_____ they help us with daily tasks.
答案以及解析
1.答案：so sheer that
2.答案：All her money spent
3.答案：that she had not said anything
4.答案：leaving the lights on
5.答案：feature
6.答案：attempt
7.答案：volume
8.答案：upwards
9.答案：substance
10.答案：dismiss
11.答案：astronomy
12.答案：downfall
13.答案：Canal
14.答案：civilisation
15.答案：Buried
16.答案：has been surrounded; impressive; What; to; completely; thinking; its; to be taken; disasters; Whatever
解析：①考查动词的时态和语态。根据since its rediscovery 可知应用现在完成时,Maya civilisation与surround之间为被动关系,因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
②考查词性转换。修饰palaces and temples应用形容词形式。
③考查名词性从句。________ is most extraordinary about these complex structures 为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“……的事情”,因此用连接代词What。
④考查介词。apply...to...把……应用到……。
⑤考查副词。修饰动词interpret应用副词形式。
⑥考查非谓语动词。leave sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事。
⑦考查代词。修饰名词peak应用形容词性物主代词。
⑧考查非谓语动词。此处用到了“leave sth. to do sth.”的被动形式,且take back与The cities之间为被动关系,故设空处用不定式的被动结构。
⑨ 考查名词的复数形式。disaster为可数名词,此处被those修饰,因此用复数形式。
⑩ 考查让步状语从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,设空处引导让步状语从句,意为“无论什么”,故填Whatever。
17.答案：where; written; are programmed ; to; extremely; is; Another; to improve; developments; how
解析：①句意为:你想到了像《星球大战》这样的科幻电影吗 在《星球大战》里, 各种形状和尺寸的机器人是日常生活的一部分。_____ robots of all shapes and sizes are part of daily life在此处是非限制性定语从句, 先行词为Star Wars, 关系词在从句中作地点状语, 应用where引导。
②句意为:这个词本身来自卡雷尔 恰佩克在1920年写的戏剧《罗素姆万能机器人》。write在此处应用非谓语动词形式作定语, 与其逻辑主语the play是被动关系, 用过去分词形式, 故填written。
③句意为:它们以多种形式出现, 被设置去做各种各样的事情, 从在工厂工作到探索火星表面。此处与appear并列作句子的谓语, programme与主语They之间为被动关系, 且根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时, 所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are programmed。
④句意见上一题解析。from... to...意为“从…… 到…… ”,是固定搭配。故填to。
⑤句意为: 人们认为容易的事情, 对机器人来说极其困难。此处修饰形容词complicated, 应该用副词。故填extremely。
⑥句意为:比如, 在一个凌乱的房间里捡衣服对人类来说很简单, 但对机器人来说那样做很难。此处描述客观事实, 应用一般现在时, 且动名词短语作主语, 谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。
⑦句意为:另一个难题是给机器人设置程序让其拾取一些不同形状和大小的物品, 同时不破坏这些物品。根据上文中的there is a surprising problem可知, 此处是另一个(another)问题, 且设空处位于句首, 故填Another。
⑧句意为:这说明, 机器人最难提高的其中一点是灵活性。此处名词things被形容词最髙级修饰, 应用动词不定式作其后置定语。故填to improve。
⑨句意为:在制造(机器人)与人—样的手和腿方面, 人们正在取得一些令人兴奋的进步。设空处在句中作主语, 应用名词, development是可数名词, 前面没有冠词, 且谓语动词是are, 应该用名词复数, 故填developments。
⑩句意为:但最大的进步是教机器人猜它们能做什么和它们怎么帮我们处理日常事务。 they help us with daily tasks是宾语从句, 连接词在从句中作状语, 意为“怎样”, 故填how。
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