2023年高考英语四川省成都市名校模拟预测阅读理解题汇总（原卷版+解析版）（包含成都外国语学校、树德中学、石室中学共十八篇）

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2023年高考英语四川省成都市名校模拟预测阅读理解题汇总（解析版）（包含成都外国语学校、树德中学、石室中学共十八篇）
（一）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Don’t you have time for reading If you are interested in non-fiction books, here are some good choices for you.
A Room of One’s Own
This essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on several lectures given to two women’s colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In the essay, Woolf describes that it’s circumstance not talent alone, that allows men to be more successful at writing. Women, in other words, spend so much time cooking, cleaning, and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well, therefore, a woman must have a “room of her own”. While on its surface, this essay appears to be only about writing, it is actually about wealth and class, freedom and confinement, and the power struggle between sexes.
The Art of War
Written by ancient Chinese warrior Sun Tzu, The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategies in human history. Consisting of 13 chapters, each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war, the book has been translated into every major language and has thousands of editions. For centuries, it has been used to train world leaders for its detailed study of military strategies and effective leadership.
Letter to My Daughter
This book of essays by Maya Angelou, a respectable African-American poet, is written for “the daughter she never had” — the millions of women, both young and old, that she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring, older relative, this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences, including the birth of her only child, a son, as well as the development and loss of friendship.
A Brief History of Time
If you’re short of time, then why not read about, well, the creation of time This book, first published in 1998 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking, explores mind-bending questions about the creation of the universe, including if and when it will end, and if so, how. Despite its heavy subject matter, Hawking addresses these questions in a way that’s easy to understand, even for those who know little about physics.
1．What can we learn about the four books
A．A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.
B．Letter to My Daughter is actually a common family letter.
C．The Art of War gives advice on how to be a world leader.
D．A Room of One’s Own is more than about writing.
2．What can be inferred from the passage
A．As a physicist,Hawking is equally famous in writing.
B．Maya devotes herself to fighting for women’s rights.
C．The book by Sun Tzu is helpful in policy-making.
D．Woolf looks down upon men in writing.
3．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To make comparisons among the four books.
B．To recommend the four books to readers.
C．To make comments on the four books.
D．To promote sales of the four books.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四本纪实类文学作品。
1．细节理解题。根据A Room of One’s Own部分中的While on its surface, this essay appears to be only about writing, it is actually about wealth and class, freedom and confinement, and the power struggle between sexes.(虽然表面上这本书只跟写作有关，但实际上，它是关于财富和社会等级、自由和约束以及两性之间权力之争的)可知，A Room of One’s Own不仅仅是关于写作。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据The Art of War部分中的The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategies in human history.( The Art of War被广泛认为是人类历史上最好的军事战略书籍之一)以及For centuries, it has been used to train world leaders for its detailed study of military strategies and effective leadership.(几个世纪以来，它一直被用来训练世界领导人，以便对军事战略和有效领导进行详细的研究)可推知，孙子写的The Art of War一书对政策的制定有帮助。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段Don’t you have time for reading If you are interested in non-fiction books, here are some good choices for you.(你没有时间读书吗？如果你对非小说类书籍感兴趣，这里有一些不错的选择)可知，本文的写作目的是向读者推荐文中提到的这四本书。故选B。
（二）
（2023·四川成都·树德中学校考模拟预测）Our perception of hoe food tastes is influenced by cutlery like knives, forks, and spoons, research suggests.
“Size, weight, shape and color all have an effect on flavor,” says a University of Oxford team. Cheese tastes saltier when eaten from a knife rather than a fork; while white spoons make yoghurt taste better, experiments show.
The study in the journal Flavour suggests the brain makes judgments on food even before it goes in the mouth. More than 100 students took part in three experiments looking at the influence of weight, color and shape of cutlery on taste. The researchers found that when the weight of the cutlery is consistent with expectations, this had an influence on how the food tastes. For example, food tasted sweeter on the small spoons that are traditionally used to serve desserts.
Color contrast was also an important factor-white yoghurt eaten from a white spoon was rated sweeter than white yoghurt tasted on a black spoon. Similarly, when testers were offered cheese on a knife, spoon, fork or toothpick, they found that the cheese on a knife tasted saltiest.
“How we experience food is a multisensory experience involving taste, feel of the food in our mouths, pleasant smells, and the feasting of our eyes,” said Pro. Charles Spence and Dr. Vanessa Harrar. “Even before we put food into our mouths, our brains have made a judgment about it, which affects our overall experience.”
Past research has shown that china can change our perception of food and drink. For example, people generally eat less when food is served on smaller plates. “The new research into how the brain influences food perception could help dieters or improve gastronomic（美食的）experiences at restaurants,” said Pro. Spence. He told BBC News: “There’s a lot more to food than what’s on the plate. Many things we thought didn’t matter do. We’re going to see a lot more of neuroscience（神经科学）design around mealtimes.”
4．According to the text, we know that the cheese used in the experiment is ________.
A．salty B．sour
C．sweet D．bitter
5．What do we know about the weight of the cutlery in paragraph 3
A．It is important for people.
B．People usually don’t care about it.
C．It affects how the food tastes.
D．It is always different from people’s expectation.
6．What does the underlined word “multisensory” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Coming from the senses.
B．Involving many different senses.
C．Able to feel or perceive.
D．Easily affected by other feelings.
7．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Research on cutlery is of great importance.
B．Research on food will be continued in the future.
C．Research on the effect of nerves on the taste of food will be done.
D．Research on plates and food will be carried out in the near future.
【答案】4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C
【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。英国牛津大学的研究人员发现，餐具的大小、重量、形状及颜色均会对食物的口感产生影响。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段Cheese tastes saltier when eaten from a knife rather than a fork用刀比用叉取食奶酪会让其咸味更明显，可知，实验中所用的奶酪是咸的。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段The researchers found that when the weight of the cutlery is consistent with expectations, this had an influence on how the food tastes.可知，刀叉的重量影响食物的味道。故选C。
6．词义猜测题。根据文章第五段How we experience food is a multisensory experience involving taste, feel of the food in our mouths, pleasant smells, and the feasting of our eyes可知我们对食物的品尝过程是一个多重感官体验的过程，包括味觉、食物的口感、香味以及眼睛的观感。从而可以推测出multisensory为“多种感觉（并用）的”之意。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段We’re going to see a lot more of neuroscience（神经科学）design around mealtimes可知，研究人员将继续研究神经对食物风味的影响。故选C。
（三）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Since 2006, when Corning, an American glassmaker, developed Gorilla Glass to give Apple’s first iPhone a scratch-resistance (防划) screen, many other types of toughened glass have also appeared for use in handsets. But as well-made as they are, people keep cracking and breaking them. Jingwei Hou, at the University of Queensland in Australia, thinks he has found a way to prevent that.
Dr Hou and his colleagues are among a number of researchers working on a group of materials called perovskites (钙钛矿). The original perovskite, calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3), is a mineral discovered in the Ural Mountains in 1839 and named after Count Lev Perovski, a Russian mineralogist.
Since then, the name has come to be used for a number of materials that share a similar crystal (晶体) structure.
Much of the interest in perovskites comes because those which combine metal atoms with chlorine, bromine or iodine —members of a group of elements called halogens (卤素) —are semiconductors, which are a solid substance that allows some electricity to pass through it. This makes them potentially useful in a variety of electronics. In particular, one promising feature of metal halides (卤化物) is that they can be used to make new types of solar cells which are much better at turning sunlight into electricity than the silicon-based (硅基) cells currently employed. Oxford PV, a British company, is bringing some of the first perovskite solar cells to market.
Dr Hou and his colleagues have found another important use of the materials. Their study, which was published recently in Science, showed that perovskite screens were efficient light emitters (发光体) able to produce sharp, bright images. Meanwhile, the screens were extremely tough and highly flexible. “Perovskite screens might be unbreakable,” believes Dr Hou. “They can be used not just for phones, but also for products ranging from televisions and computers to lighting.” But he does believe it could take five to ten years of development before this will happen. In the meantime, people should take a bit more care with the screens on their devices.
8．What problem are the researchers trying to solve
A．How to further reduce Gorilla Glass’s weight.
B．How to make phone screens tough enough.
C．How to better prevent scratches on screens.
D．How to lower the cost of toughened glass.
9．What can we learn about perovskites
A．They were discovered over 200 years ago.
B．They were named by an Australian scientist.
C．They are widely available in the Ural Mountains.
D．They are a class of materials with a similar structure.
10．Which of the following is a use of metal halides
A．Replacing semiconductors.
B．Making solid substances flexible.
C．Producing high-efficiency solar cells.
D．Extending the life of silicon-based cells.
11．What does Dr Hou think of perovskite screens
A．They break easily in cold weather.
B．They will soon come onto the market.
C．They are highly sensitive to bright sunlight.
D．They may be used in various electronic devices.
【答案】8．B 9．D 10．C 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是澳大利亚昆士兰大学的Jingwei Hou认为他已经找到了一种防止被摔破的材料，即钙钛矿。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段的“But as well-made as they are, people keep cracking and breaking them. Jingwei Hou, at the University of Queensland in Australia, thinks he has found a way to prevent that. (但是，尽管它们做得很好，人们还是不断地打碎它们。澳大利亚昆士兰大学的Jingwei Hou认为他已经找到了一种防止这种情况发生的方法。)”可知，研究人员试图解决的问题是如何让手机屏幕足够坚硬。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Since then, the name has come to be used for a number of materials that share a similar crystal (晶体) structure. (从那时起，这个名字就被用于许多具有相似晶体结构的材料。)”可知，钙钛矿是一类结构相似的材料。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“In particular, one promising feature of metal halides (卤化物) is that they can be used to make new types of solar cells which are much better at turning sunlight into electricity than the silicon-based (硅基) cells currently employed. (特别是，金属卤化物的一个有前途的特点是，它们可以用来制造新型的太阳能电池，这种电池在将阳光转化为电能方面比目前使用的硅基电池要好得多。)”可知，金属卤化物可以生产高效太阳能电池。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“They can be used not just for phones, but also for products ranging from televisions and computers to lighting. (它们不仅可以用于手机，还可以用于从电视、电脑到照明的各种产品。)”可知，Dr Hou认为钙钛矿屏可用于各种电子设备。故选D。
（四）
（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）Many people believe it is crucial to have gender equality in the workplace. But achieving equality means overturning centuries of social norms. Recent research by Oxford University suggests that sometimes it is women themselves who are limiting their career opportunities.
The study surveyed 3,698 students from 63 schools and colleges across the UK . It found out that female students tend to choose “worthwhile” jobs, while male students often go after jobs that offer big salaries. Researchers noticed that secondary school girls said they were more willing to accept low-income jobs like charity work or museum positions, while boys focused more on getting high-prestige careers, reported The Guardian.
“Compared with boys, girls are more concerned about each aspect of job application. They are more interested in careers that offer job security, in a cause they ‘feel good about’,” Jonathan Black, director of the Oxford University Careers Service, told The Telegraph.
China faces a similar gender gap. This month, a poll by Chongqing Morning Post indicates that female college graduates care more about their working environment. As for male graduates, career prospects are more important. “This has the knock-on effect that girls may be self-limiting their choice of careers, especially because the types of jobs they seek often have informal entry processes, like getting an internship or doing unpaid work,” Black said.
12．What kind of job do girl graduates tend to look for
A．Well-paid. B．Promising.
C．Challenging. D．Safe and easy.
13．What’s the article mainly about
A．Women’s self-limit in career. B．Social gender discrimination.
C．Men’s attitude towards jobs. D．Job application in the UK and China.
14．The author develops the article mainly ________
A．by comparison B．by classification
C．by order of space D．by order of time
15．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Girls are fighting against restrictions in jobs.
B．There are not many jobs open to girls after graduation.
C．The gender gap in employment has narrowed recently in China.
D．Research in the UK shows that the gender gap exists in employment.
【答案】12．D 13．A 14．A 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个研究发现：牛津大学最近研究显示，有时是女性自己在择业时自我限制。与男性追求高薪、名望、职业发展不同，女性更关注工作环境，更倾向于从事有保障的职业。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers noticed that secondary school girls said they were more willing to accept low-income jobs like charity work or museum positions, while boys focused more on getting high-prestige careers, reported The Guardian.(据《卫报》报道，研究人员注意到，中学女生说她们更愿意接受慈善工作或博物馆工作等低收入工作，而男生则更专注于获得高声望的职业。)”以及第三段中“Compared with boys, girls are more concerned about each aspect of job application. They are more interested in careers that offer job security, in a cause they ‘feel good about’(与男孩相比，女孩更关心求职的各个方面。她们更感兴趣的是能提供工作保障的职业，因为她们感觉良好。)”可知，女大学毕业生倾向于选择安全又轻松的工作。故选D。
13．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But achieving equality means overturning centuries of social norms. Recent research by Oxford University suggests that sometimes it is women themselves who are limiting their career opportunities.(但实现平等意味着要推翻几个世纪以来的社会规范。牛津大学最近的研究表明，有时是女性自己限制了她们的职业机会。)”可知，文章介绍的是牛津大学最近研究显示有时是女性自己在择业时自我限制。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“It found out that female students tend to choose “worthwhile” jobs, while male students often go after jobs that offer big salaries. Researchers noticed that secondary school girls said they were more willing to accept low-income jobs like charity work or museum positions, while boys focused more on getting high-prestige careers, reported The Guardian.( 调查发现，女学生倾向于选择“有价值”的工作，而男学生往往追求高薪的工作。据《卫报》报道，研究人员注意到，中学女生说她们更愿意接受慈善工作或博物馆工作等低收入工作，而男生则更专注于获得高声望的职业。)”以及第三段中“Compared with boys, girls are more concerned about each aspect of job application. They are more interested in careers that offer job security, in a cause they ‘feel good about’,(与男孩相比，女孩更关心求职的各个方面。他们对能提供工作保障的职业更感兴趣，他们“感觉良好”的事业，)”可知，文章在论述的时候是将男学生和女学生的职业选择进行了对比，故推断本文的写作手法主要是对比法。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Compared with boys, girls are more concerned about each aspect of job application. They are more interested in careers that offer job security, in a cause they ‘feel good about’,” Jonathan Black, director of the Oxford University Careers Service, told The Telegraph.(“与男孩相比，女孩更关心求职的各个方面。牛津大学就业服务中心主任乔纳森·布莱克在接受《每日电讯报》采访时表示：“他们对那些能提供稳定工作的职业更感兴趣，他们‘感觉良好’。”)”以及最后一段第一句“China faces a similar gender gap.(中国也面临着类似的性别差距。)”可知，在职业选择上的确存在性别差异，故选D。
（五）
（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）Have you ever feel stuck
Robert Susa helps you do up the power and creativity significantly with a few simple changes to your daily routine:
Go for a walk
Regular exercise helps improve thinking and memory retention. Taking a walk, a cardio class, or a long-distance run gives your brain a rest from work-related thoughts. It has a chance to be creative, which could help you fix the little problem you’ve been having with your invention idea.
Indulge in a hobby
A brain needs novelty and exercises to maintain its youthful functions. If your artistic abilities take over your mind for a few hours each week, perhaps an hour a day is enough to strength your brain.
Eat brain food
Like your body, your brain needs healthy and nutrient-rich foods to increase productivity. Food rich in flavonoids(黄酮类) can help you optimize your brain and assist with creating your produce or service and helping you remember the conversations and connections you have with other people, as well as those random middle-of-the-night thoughts that could prove useful later on.
Find time to clear your mind
If you’re having trouble concentrating or you’re stuck on a problem, take a little time to meditate. It can clear your mind and provide stress release, and let all worries and problems escape. It benefits your body as well.
Add any of these activities-or all four-to your daily routine, and it may help ignite a creative spark. Allowing your brain to change from its workaholic state and into a free-minded flow might be what you need to figure out your great idea.
16．When you feel stuck, you shouldn’t
A．go for a walk
B．find time to clear your mind
C．eat over-dose brain food
D．indulge in a hobby
17．How can you find your great ideas when in trouble
A．Taking a long time to meditate.
B．Clearing your mind completely.
C．Allowing your brain to its workaholic state.
D．Relaxing yourself and providing stress release.
18．The following are the benefits to release stress except____
A．optimizing your brain
B．increasing productivity
C．clearing your head of worries and problems
D．letting your artistic abilities take over your mind all the time
【答案】16．C 17．D 18．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍的是遇到困境时，可以通过四件小事来缓解压力，让大脑重新产生新想法。
16．细节理解题。根据文章的四个标题“Go for a walk(去散散步)”，“Indulge in a hobby(沉溺于一种爱好)”，“Eat brain food(吃健脑食物)”以及“Find time to clear your mind(找时间理清思绪)”可知，C选项“eat over-dose brain food(吃过量的健脑食物)”不符合文意，即遇到困境的时候，吃健脑食物而非吃过量的健脑食物。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据Find time to clear your mind部分中“If you’re having trouble concentrating or you’re stuck on a problem, take a little time to meditate. It can clear your mind and provide stress release.(如果你很难集中注意力或者被某个问题困住了，花点时间冥想一下。它可以让你头脑清醒，释放压力。)”可知，如果你无法专注或纠结于某个问题，花点时间沉思下，它会帮你清空大脑，减缓压力。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据Indulge in a hobby部分中“If your artistic abilities take over your mind for a few hours each week, perhaps an hour a day is enough to strength your brain.(如果你的艺术能力每周占据你的头脑几个小时，也许一天一个小时就足以增强你的大脑了。)”可知，此处强调了减压的方式，并没有指出减压所带来的好处，且“all the time”与原文不符。故选D。
（六）
（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）Margie even wrote about it that night in her diary. On the page headed May 17, 2157, she wrote, “today, Tommy found a real book!”
It was a very old book. Margie’s grandfather once said that when he was a little boy his grandfather told him that there was a time when all stories were printed on paper.
They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to-on a screen, you know. And then, when they turned back to the page before, it had the same words on it that it had had when they read it the first time.
“Gee,” said Tommy, “what a waste. When you’re through with the book, you just throw it away, I guess. Our television screen must have had a million books on it and it’s good for plenty more. I wouldn’t throw it away. ”
“What’s it about ” asked Margie.
“School,” said Tommy.
“School I hate school. ” Margie always hated school, but now she hated it more than ever. The part she hated most was the slot where she had to put homework and test papers. She always had to write them out in a punch code they made her learn when she was six years old, and the mechanical teacher calculated the mark in no time. The mechanical teacher had been giving her test after test in geography and she had been doing worse and worse until her mother had shaken her head sorrowfully and sent for the County Inspector.
The inspector was a round little man with a red face and a whole box of tools with dials and wires. After an hour or so, he finished and said to Margie’s mother, “It’s not the little girl’s fault, Mrs. Jones. I think the geography sector was geared a little too quick. Those things happen sometimes. I’ve slowed it up to an average ten-year level. ”
There it was again, large and black and ugly, with a big screen on which all the lessons were shown and the questions were asked.
19．When is it that the incident happen
A．In the 21th century.
B．Hundreds of years ago.
C．In the 22th century.
D．Decades of years ago.
20．What’s the inspector’s job
A．Give students tests.
B．Teach students lessons.
C．Meet parents.
D．Adjust the machines.
21．What does the underlined word “gear” in the second to last paragraph mean
A．Set. B．Invent. C．Plant. D．Insert.
22．What is the author’s attitude towards lessons on a screen
A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent.
【答案】19．C 20．D 21．A 22．B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章为一个科幻故事，讲述了在2157年，一个叫汤米的小男生发现了一本古老的纸质书，他与他的小伙伴玛吉分享这本书。另外文中还通过玛吉的学习趣事讲述了2157年的孩子是如何学习和读书的。
19．细节理解题。由第一段“On the page headed May 17, 2157, she wrote, ‘Today, Tommy found a real book!’(在2157年5月17日这一页上，她写道：“今天，汤米找到了一本真正的书！”)”可知，文中的故事发生在2157年，也就是22世纪。故选C。
20．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The inspector was a round little man with a red face and a whole box of tools with dials and wires. (检查员是个矮胖的人，红着脸，带着一整箱工具，里面有刻度盘和电线)”可知，检查员带着工具箱。由此推知，他的工作是调试机器。故选D。
21．词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“Those things happen sometimes. I’ve slowed it up to an average ten-year level. (这种事有时会发生。我把它放慢到平均十年的水平)”可知，检查员检修之后说出了问题所在，即地理部分的测试被设置得太快，所以检查员把它放慢到平均十年的水平。由此推知，划线词gear与set(设置)意思接近。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段“There it was again, large and black and ugly, with a big screen on which all the lessons were shown and the questions were asked.(它又出现了，又大又黑又丑，有一个大屏幕，上面显示着所有的课程和提问)”可知，作者用“又大又黑又丑”来描述大屏幕上的课程和提问。由此推知，作者对屏幕上的课程持消极的态度。故选B。
（七）
（2023·四川成都·树德中学校考模拟预测）SEA LIFE LONDON AQUARIUM (水族馆) GUIDE
Have you ever wished you could swim to the deepest of the ocean to see some of the rarest sea creatures in the world Or even take a trip to Antarctica and take photos of a family of penguins Well, luckily for you, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium allows visitors to do that.
Opened in 1997, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium is the largest in London. Not only does it provide entertainment for visitors as they watch sharks, turtles, and tropical fish swim over, under and all around them, but it’s also one of the UK’s leading centers for sea life protection.
Highlights:
Pacific Display Walking over a glass window and watching sharks swim underyour feet
Atlantic Zone Observing turtles, snails, and octopuses
Tidal Reach Zone Taking photos of colorful jellyfish and pipefish
Rockpools Feeling starfish (海星) and the shell of a crab
Special tips:
Make sure you take advantage of the discounted tickets available on any of our official websites.
Dress in layers (层) during your visit, because it can get quite warm inside the aquarium and cold in the penguin area.
Avoid visiting during the busier periods since some of the areas of the aquarium are quite narrow.
Ticket prices:
Tickets cost 19.95, but there are other choices:
If you want to see the London Eye as well as the aquarium, there is a “SEA LIFE and London Eye” package for 39.
If you want to swim with the friendly sharks in the aquarium, there is a “Shark Experience” package which costs 89.
23．What do we know about the SEA LIFE London Aquarium A．It is the oldest aquarium in London. B．It is the first to be built underwater.
C．It plays a part in protecting sea creatures. D．It owns the largest variety of sea species.
24．Which part of the aquarium may attract you if you want to touch sea creatures
A．Tidal Reach Zone. B．Pacific Display.
C．Atlantic Zone. D．Rockpools.
25．What should you keep in mind when visiting the aquarium
A．Wearing layers of clothing. B．Showing your ID for discounts.
C．Booking package tickets for the visit. D．Keeping a safe distance from others.
【答案】23．C 24．D 25．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍并推荐了伦敦海洋生物水族馆。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Opened in 1997, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium is the largest in London. Not only does it provide entertainment for visitors as they watch sharks, turtles, and tropical fish swim over, under and all around them, but it’s also one of the UK’s leading centers for sea life protection.(伦敦海洋生物水族馆于1997年开放，是伦敦最大的水族馆。它不仅为游客提供娱乐，因为他们可以观看鲨鱼、海龟和热带鱼在它们上面、下面和周围游泳，而且它还是英国主要的海洋生物保护中心之一。)”可知，伦敦海洋生物水族馆在保护海洋生物方面起着作用。故选C项。
24．细节理解题。根据表格最后一行“Rockpools: Feeling starfish and the shell of a crab (岩石池：触摸海星和螃蟹的壳)”可知，在Rockpools可以触摸海洋生物。故选D项。
25．细节理解题。根据“Special tips”中第二句“Dress in layers during your visit, because it can get quite warm inside the aquarium and cold in the penguin area.(在参观期间要多穿几件衣服，因为在水族馆里面会很暖和，而在企鹅区会很冷。)”可知，参观水族馆要注意穿多层衣服。故选A项。
（八）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Avoid the supermarket shelves piled with cheese, cupcakes and pies. That is the message of an analysis that found these items are the worst when looking at both nutritional and environmental impacts of thousands of food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland. So far, most studies have focused on the environmental impact of goods such as beef or beans, rather than tofu and other products that shoppers often buy. Where research has focused on such products, it has usually been for a small number of them.
In a bid to bridge the gap, Micheal Clark at the University of Oxford and his colleagues analyzed more than 57,000 food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland. The team took the ingredients (成份) data from eight retailers (零售商), including major supermarkets Tesco and Sainsbury’s. However, precise figures on how much of each ingredient is in each product were only available for around a tenth of them. To estimate the rest, Clark and his colleagues trained an algorithm (算法) on the known products and used it to predict the composition of the unknown ones. Finally, the team linked all the ingredients to an existing database of environmental impacts, including emissions (排放), land use and water stress.
The results may come as no surprise: meat, fish and cheese products had highest environmental impact while fruit, vegetables, bread and sugary drink products had the lowest burden. Clark admits that none of this is exciting, given what we already knew from past research. “What is important is that you can start getting these impact estimates for products that people are purchasing, which then has a lot of effects,” he says.
One of those is eco-lables, which can help consumers to make greener choices. However, retailers have struggled in the past with the challenge of the large number of food. Clark is thinking about how to eventually turn the data into an app that could be used either by shoppers or by retailers wanting to reduce their environmental impact. “We’ve made that information available in a way that means people can start making informed decisions,” he says.
26．What is the purpose of Clark’s study
A．To solve the environmental problems with some products.
B．To point out the mistakes of the previous research.
C．To focus on the important ingredients data from retailers.
D．To estimate the environmental impact of frequently-bought products.
27．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The process of Clark’s study. B．The result of Clark’s study.
C．The significance of Clark’s study. D．The limitation of Clark’s study.
28．What can be inferred about Clark’s study from Paragraph 3
A．Surprising. B．Worrying. C．Meaningful. D．Doubtful.
29．Which of the following products should people buy according to Clark’s study
A．Nutritious food like beef and eggs. B．Green food like carrots and bananas.
C．Healthy food like fish and tofu. D．Fresh food like milk and chicken
【答案】26．D 27．A 28．C 29．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是针对食物对环境的影响的研究。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段的“So far, most studies have focused on the environmental impact of goods such as beef or beans, rather than tofu and other products that shoppers often buy.(到目前为止，大多数研究都集中在牛肉或豆类等商品对环境的影响上，而不是豆腐和其他消费者经常购买的产品。)”和第二段的“In a bid to bridge the gap, Micheal Clark at the University of Oxford and his colleagues analyzed more than 57,000 food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland.(为了弥补这一差距，牛津大学的Micheal Clark和他的同事分析了在英国和爱尔兰销售的57000多种食品和饮料。)”可知，克拉克研究的目的是评估经常购买的产品对环境的影响。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“The team took the ingredients (成份) data from eight retailers (零售商), including major supermarkets Tesco and Sainsbury’s. However, precise figures on how much of each ingredient is in each product were only available for around a tenth of them. To estimate the rest, Clark and his colleagues trained an algorithm (算法) on the known products and used it to predict the composition of the unknown ones. Finally, the team linked all the ingredients to an existing database of environmental impacts, including emissions (排放), land use and water stress.(研究小组从8家零售商那里获取了配料数据，其中包括大型超市乐购和塞恩斯伯里。然而，关于每种产品中每种成分含量的精确数据仅为其中的十分之一左右。为了估计剩下的，克拉克和他的同事们在已知产物上训练了一种算法，并用它来预测未知产物的组成。最后，研究小组将所有成分与现有的环境影响数据库联系起来，包括排放、土地使用和水资源压力。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是克拉克的研究过程。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据第三段的“What is important is that you can start getting these impact estimates for products that people are purchasing, which then has a lot of effects(重要的是，你可以开始对人们正在购买的产品进行这些影响评估，这会产生很多影响)”可知，从第3段可以推断出克拉克的研究是有意义的。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The results may come as no surprise: meat, fish and cheese products had highest environmental impact while fruit, vegetables, bread and sugary drink products had the lowest burden.(研究结果可能并不令人惊讶：肉类、鱼类和奶酪产品对环境的影响最大，而水果、蔬菜、面包和含糖饮料产品对环境的影响最低。)”和最后一段的“One of those is eco-lables, which can help consumers to make greener choices.(其中之一就是生态标签，它可以帮助消费者做出更环保的选择。)”可知，根据克拉克的研究，人们应该购买绿色食物，如胡萝卜和香蕉。故选B。
（九）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）The AIDA model is the foundation of modern marketing and advertising practice. It outlines the four basic steps used to persuade potentials to make a purchase. The first three steps lie in creating attention (A), decorating interest (I), and building desire (D) for the product, before the fourth step — the “call to action” (A) — tells them exactly how and where to buy. AIDA can channel the customer’s feelings through each stage toward reaching a sale.
Attracting the customer’s attention is the first challenge and this may be achieved by using an attracting phrase or picture. Once someone’s attention has been clutched, it must be turned into real interest. This is best done by providing a brief description of the product’s benefits to the consumer rather than simply listing the product’s main features or problem-solving claims.
Now, it is time to transform that interest into a desire for a product or service. This is where consumers need to believe their lives could be better by possessing the product. It could be a vital step towards turning a potential into a real customer.
“Call-to-action” is where all of the initial hard work pays off and leads to the action from a potential customer. For example, they might pick up the phone to discuss the idea of a trial of the services or, alternatively, they may just buy that product or service that has been promoted to them all along.
And AIDA is used to great effect in the movie industry. Movie studios begin their marketing campaigns months in advance. The campaigns develop by offering attractive flashes of the movie without giving too much away. Desire is inspired by the release of the full preview which is fully designed to show the exciting moments of the movie, from special effects to humorous lines of dialogue on the opening weekend. Advertisements in newspapers and on television focus on the movie’s release, inviting the consumer to go and buy a ticket.
30．What is the purpose of practising AIDA
A．To create jobs. B．To increase sales.
C．To research markets. D．To introduce products.
31．What does the underlined word “clutched” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Seized. B．Freed. C．Cheated. D．Affected.
32．In which stage of the AIDA model may a customer call to try the service
A．Action. B．Interest. C．Desire. D．Attention.
33．Why does the author mention the movie industry in the last paragraph
A．To design an AIDA model. B．To display how AIDA works.
C．To show how to make a movie. D．To advertise the movie industry.
【答案】30．B 31．A 32．A 33．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AIDA模式是现代市场营销和广告实践的基础以及它是如何工作的。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段“AIDA can channel the customer’s feelings through each stage toward reaching a sale.(AIDA可以引导客户的感受通过每个阶段来达成销售) ”可推知，实践AIDA就是为了增加销售。故选B。
31．词句猜测题。根据上文“Attracting the customer’s attention is the first challenge and this may be achieved by using an attracting phrase or picture.(吸引顾客的注意力是第一个挑战，这可以通过使用一个吸引人的短语或图片来实现) ”可推知，划线句意思为“一旦某人的注意力被抓住了，就必须把它转化为真正的兴趣。”故clutched意为“抓住”，和A选项Seized同义。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段““Call-to-action” is where all of the initial hard work pays off and leads to the action from a potential customer. For example, they might pick up the phone to discuss the idea of a trial of the services or, alternatively, they may just buy that product or service that has been promoted to them all along.(“行动号召”是指所有最初的努力都得到了回报，并导致潜在客户采取行动。例如，他们可能会拿起电话讨论试用服务的想法，或者，他们可能只是购买一直向他们推广的产品或服务)”可知，在AIDA模型的行动阶段，客户可能打电话来尝试服务。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And AIDA is used to great effect in the movie industry. Movie studios begin their marketing campaigns months in advance. The campaigns develop by offering attractive flashes of the movie without giving too much away. Desire is inspired by the release of the full preview which is fully designed to show the exciting moments of the movie, from special effects to humorous lines of dialogue on the opening weekend. Advertisements in newspapers and on television focus on the movie’s release, inviting the consumer to go and buy a ticket. (AIDA在电影工业中发挥了巨大的作用。电影制片厂会提前几个月开始营销活动。宣传活动通过提供有吸引力的电影片段而不透露太多信息来发展。Desire的灵感来自于完整预览版的发布，该预览版旨在展示电影的激动人心的时刻，从特效到幽默的对白。报纸和电视上的广告关注电影的上映，邀请消费者去买票)”可推知，作者在最后一段提到了电影行业，以展示AIDA是如何工作的。故选B。
（十）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）To an outsider, any culture can seem quirky(离奇古怪的), and confusing. And the UK’s got a thing or two that raises a few eyebrows. Brits are quite capable of confusing visitors with their characteristics. However, understand why and things might be less perplexing. Here are the reasons for three of Britain’s more puzzling practices.
In a world where 61% of nations drive on the right, Brits drive on the left. Most people think it goes back to Medieval, maybe even Roman times. This unusual behaviour makes sense when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip. Travelling on the left allowed you to keep your weapon arm toward your opponent, who would be on your right. This practice persisted until the 18th Century when a law was passed requiring all traffic crossing London Bridge to keep to the left.
Visitors to the UK that have just washed their hands in an old-fashioned sink might be wondering why one tap is only for hot water, the other entirely cold. Either can make washing very uncomfortable. It relates to a time when hot and cold water were kept separate to prevent pollution. Drinkable cold water came from a mains supply, but hot water came from attic(顶楼) tanks and was not considered suitable for consumption. So they were kept apart.
Millions of people drink tea worldwide, but Brits put milk in theirs. Why This practice relates to the quality of china cup used in the 18th Century when tea was first imported. For the majority of Brits, the cups available couldn’t withstand the heat of the boiling water and would break, so milk was added first. This cooled the cup enough to withstand the water. And this practical tweak soon became a national habit.
There’s a method to the madness, they say. As you can see, these quirky Brits have perfectly coherent reasons for left-hand driving, two-tap sinks and tea with milk. Even if they still seem strange, at least now you’re in the know.
34．According to the passage, what possibly led to Brits driving on the left
A．The law passed in the 18th century.
B．The concern about the driver’s safety.
C．The existence of a number of bridges.
D．The unique design of the British roads.
35．What would happen to the 18th century cups when poured into boiling water
A．They were all imported from China.
B．They were of low quality and easy to break.
C．They were used for drinking milk and coffee.
D．They couldn’t bear the heat and would break easily.
36．What is the writer’s attitude towards the practices mentioned
A．Negative. B．Critical. C．Neutral. D．Approving.
37．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Those Quirky Brits B．A Glimpse of Britain
C．Puzzling Practices D．A Method to the Madness
【答案】34．B 35．D 36．C 37．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍英国三种更令人困惑的做法及原因。
34．推理判断题。根据第二段“This unusual behaviour makes sense when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip. Travelling on the left allowed you to keep your weapon arm toward your opponent, who would be on your right. This practice persisted until the 18th Century when a law was passed requiring all traffic crossing London Bridge to keep to the left. (当你想起右撇子的人在左臀部戴着一把剑时，这种不寻常的行为是有道理的。走在左边可以让你的武器手臂朝向你的对手，而对手会在你的右边。这种做法一直持续到18世纪，当时通过了一项法律，要求所有穿过伦敦桥的车辆靠左行驶。)”可知，英国人靠左行驶是为了司机的安全。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据第四段“For the majority of Brits, the cups available couldn’t withstand the heat of the boiling water and would break (对于大多数英国人来说，可用的杯子无法承受沸水的热量，会破裂)”可知，英国18世纪的杯子会因为无法承受沸水的热量而破裂。故选D。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As you can see, these quirky Brits have perfectly coherent reasons for left-hand driving, two-tap sinks and tea with milk. Even if they still seem strange, at least now you’re in the know. (正如你所看到的，这些古怪的英国人有完全一致的左手驾驶的理由，两个水龙头水槽和奶茶。即使他们看起来仍然很奇怪，至少现在你已经知道了。)”以及全篇可知，作者只是客观陈述了英国一些令人困惑的做法的原因，并没有发表自己的看法。由此推知，作者所提到的做法持中立态度。故选C。
37．主旨大意题。根据第一段“To an outsider, any culture can seem quirky(离奇古怪的), and confusing. And the UK’s got a thing or two that raises a few eyebrows. Brits are quite capable of confusing visitors with their characteristics. However, understand why and things might be less perplexing. Here are the reasons for three of Britain’s more puzzling practices. (对局外人来说，任何文化都可能显得古怪，令人困惑。英国有一两件事引起了一些人的注意。英国人很有能力用他们的特点来迷惑游客。然而，了解原因，事情可能不那么令人困惑。以下是英国三种更令人困惑的做法的原因。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍英国三种令人困惑的做法及原因。因此A项“那些离奇古怪的英国人”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
（十一）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）We all know that unpleasant feeling when we’re talking about something interesting and halfway through our sentence we’re interrupted. But was that really an interruption The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.
Using a set of controlled audio clips (录音片段), Hilton surveyed 5, 000 American English speakers to better understand what affects people’s perceptions of interruptions. She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.
Hilton found that American English speakers have different conversational styles. She identified two distinct groups: high and low intensity speakers. High intensity speakers are generally uncomfortable with moments of silence in conversation and consider talking at the same time a sign of engagement. Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.
The differences in conversational styles became evident when participants listened to audio clips in which two people spoke at the same time but were agreeing with each other and stayed on topic, Hilton said. The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous (同时) chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.
“People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other.”
38．What does Hilton’s research focus on
A．What interruptions mean to people.
B．Whether interruption is good or not.
C．How to avoid getting interrupted.
D．Why speakers interrupt each other.
39．What do participants of the study need to do
A．Record an audio clip. B．Answer some questions.
C．Listen to one another. D．Have a chat with a friend.
40．What do low intensity speakers think of simultaneous chat
A．It’s important. B．It’s interesting.
C．It’s inefficient. D．It’s impolite.
41．What can we learn from Hilton’s research
A．Human interaction is complex.
B．Communication is the basis of life.
C．Interruptions promote thinking.
D．Language barriers will always exist.
【答案】38．A 39．B 40．D 41．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，在谈话中被打断是否会带来不愉快，因人而异。
38．主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“But was that really an interruption The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.(但这真的是打扰吗？根据斯坦福大学凯瑟琳·希尔顿领导的一项新研究，答案取决于你问谁)”和第四段第二、三句“The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.(高强度组报告说，人们在表达同意的同时说话的对话不会被打断，而是比在说话之间保持沉默的对话更投入、更友好。相比之下，低强度组认为任何数量的同时聊天都是粗鲁的打断，不管说话人在说什么)”可知，文章主要说明了“打断”对不同的人来说，意义不同，即“打断”对人们意味着什么。故选A项。
39．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“ She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.(她让参与者听一些音频片段，然后回答一些问题，比如说话者看起来是否友好、投入、彼此倾听，还是试图打断)”可知，参与者们需要在听完音频后回答一些问题。故选B项。
40．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.(低强度说话者觉得同时说话很不礼貌，他们更喜欢人们在谈话中一个接一个地说话)”可推知，对于低强度聊天者来说，同时聊天是粗鲁的，不礼貌的。故选D项。
41．推理判断题。根据最后一段““People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other. ”(“人们很在意被打断，而这些小的干扰会对整体交流产生巨大影响，”希尔顿说。“如果我们想了解人类之间是如何互动的，就必须分解中断的含义。”)”可推知，人类的交流是复杂的。故选A项。
（十二）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Imagine driving behind a huge truck shooting clouds of smoke into the air while your new fully electric vehicle cleans up its carbon emissions (排放). This dream may soon be a reality. A team of students in the Netherlands has created an electric car that not only doesn’t produce carbon dioxide when driving, but actually pulls it out of the air.
The two-seater sports car was designed and built in less than a year by a team of 32 students at Eindhoven University of Technology. Called “ZEM”, which stands for “zero emission mobility”, the car is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives. The team says if ZEM is driven about 32,000 kilometers, it can remove 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the air. That’s not a huge amount. The team calculates that 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon dioxide as a typical tree does during that time. However, they also point out that there are over a billion passenger cars in the world that could be using this technology. And if a billion cars were removing carbon dioxide instead of producing it, the result would be huge.
ZEM also has several other innovations that help to make it more capable of being sustained: the car’s frame and panels (面板) are 3D printed to reduce waste; it was built using recycled and recyclable materials; and it can be easily taken apart so that many of its parts can be reused. ZEM’s battery is also reusable, and has another handy feature: it can be charged with solar panels on the car’s roof—and can even be used to provide power to your house when the car isn’t on the road.
According to the statistics, transportation was responsible for over 20% of global carbon dioxide emissions in 2020—and of those emissions, cars were responsible for 41%. The Eindhoven team says its goal is to challenge the electric car industry: If 32 students can build a car like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers (生产商) are expected to adopt these innovations, too.
42．What is special about ZEM
A．It can end the world’s CO2 release.
B．It can cut the truck’s CO2 emissions.
C．It can reduce the level of CO2 in the air.
D．It can absorb dirty air as well as CO2.
43．Why does the team run the calculation of ZEM in paragraph 2
A．To demonstrate a superb vision of ZEM cars.
B．To explain how ZEM removes CO2 as trees do.
C．To illustrate the ongoing change in car making.
D．To show the influence of ZEM on the car market.
44．What do we know about all the components of ZEM
A．They are of high quality. B．They are easy to process.
C．They are convenient to print. D．They are environmentally friendly.
45．What does the Eindhoven team hope to achieve in the future
A．Sharp decline in fuel consumption. B．Mass production of ZEM cars.
C．Big success in beating other car makers. D．Dramatic changes in transportation.
【答案】42．C 43．A 44．D 45．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰的一个学生团队发明了一种叫做ZEM的电动汽车，这种汽车不仅在驾驶时不产生二氧化碳，而且实际上可以从空气中提取二氧化碳。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Called “ZEM”, which stands for “zero emission mobility”, the car is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives.(这种汽车被称为“ZEM”，意思是“零排放机动性”，它配备了特殊装置，在行驶过程中可以去除空气中的二氧化碳。)”可知，ZEM的特殊之处在于它能降低空气中的二氧化碳含量。故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据第二中“The team says if ZEM is driven about 32,000 kilometers, it can remove 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the air. That’s not a huge amount. The team calculates that 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon dioxide as a typical tree does during that time. (研究小组说，如果ZEM行驶约32000公里，它可以从空气中清除2公斤的二氧化碳。这不是很多。研究小组计算出，10辆ZEM汽车在公路上一年清除的二氧化碳排放量相当于一棵普通树一年吸收二氧化碳的量。)”可推知，研究团队在第二段计算ZEM吸收二氧化碳的量是为了表明对ZEM汽车的美好憧憬，故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据第三段“ZEM also has several other innovations that help to make it more capable of being sustained: the car’s frame and panels (面板) are 3D printed to reduce waste; it was built using recycled and recyclable materials; and it can be easily taken apart so that many of its parts can be reused. ZEM’s battery is also reusable, and has another handy feature: it can be charged with solar panels on the car’s roof—and can even be used to provide power to your house when the car isn’t on the road.(ZEM还有其他一些创新，有助于使其更具可持续性: 汽车的车架和面板是3D打印的，以减少浪费；它使用可循环回收利用的材料制造；它可以很容易地拆卸，其中许多部件可以重复使用。ZEM的电池也是可重复使用的，而且还有一个方便的特点: 它可以用车顶上的太阳能电池板充电，甚至可以在汽车不在路上的时候为你的房子提供电力。)”可知，ZEM的所有零部件都是环保的，故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Eindhoven team says its goal is to challenge the electric car industry: If 32 students can build a car like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers (生产商) are expected to adopt these innovations, too.(Eindhoven的研究小组表示，他们的目标是挑战电动汽车行业：如果32名学生能在不到一年的时间里制造出这样一辆汽车，那么汽车制造商肯定也会采用这些创新。)”可知，Eindhoven团队的目标是挑战电动汽车行业，由此可推知，Eindhoven希望在未来实现ZEM汽车的大量生产，故选B。
（十三）
（2023·四川成都·树德中学校考模拟预测）A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
46．Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph
A．To explain the use of a software program.
B．To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C．To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D．To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
47．What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Arguments. B．Doubts. C．Errors. D．Differences.
48．What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond
A．Create rules. B．Comprehend meaning.
C．Talk fluently. D．Identify difficult words.
49．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B．The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C．Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
【答案】46．B 47．C 48．B 49．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。
47．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。
49．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
（十四）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Where the Wild Things are
Durban, a great all-round destination in South Africa,is home to some of South Africa’s most diverse wildlife. There you can see an impressive array of wild animals in the flesh, from lions, leopards and elephants to endangered species.Durban KZN is now just a direct British Airways flight away—take a look at some of its most unforgettable wildlife experiences.
Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park
Start north of Durban at one of South Africa’s most celebrated national parks. Hluhluwe-iMfolozi really comes alive during the winter months, when many animals congregate(聚集)at the water sources.Both the Black uMfolozi and White uMfolozi rivers flow through here, and it’s your best chance to see the Big Five all in one place lions, leopards, elephants, buffalo and rhinos, both black and white. Guided morning walks can be booked ahead for an astonishingly reasonable E12-f15.
Kosi Bay
It is an appealing complex of coastal lakes and an estuary(河口)with a peaceful, unspoiled atmosphere. The lake system in particular is home to a wide range of creatures, such as hippos, flamingos, crocodiles and Zambezi sharks(common bull sharks).You’ll also find more than 250 bird species here,including the rare palm-nut vultures.
Sodwana Bay
The three-mile Mgobozeleni Trail in Sodwana Bay presents excellent opportunities for bird watching, taking you through picturesque coastal forest and grassland.Deep-sea fishing is also popular here, but to really make the most of Sodwana you have to try the snorkelling(带呼吸管潜水). Come outside of the summer holidays to avoid the rush and you’ll be rewarded with enchanting, technicolour undersea life.
uMkhuze Game Reserve
At this point, you might be thinking, ‘Well, this is all well and good, but where are the hyenas ’That itch can be(metaphorically)scratched at uMkhuze, where the screeching beasts congregate in the dense scrubland, along with rhinos and elephants. This reserve is also home to more than 400 bird species.Again, guided walks can be booked in advance for 10.
50．Birds are pointed out in the places EXCEPT_____
A．Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park B．Kosi Bay
C．Sodwana Bay D．uMkhuze Game Reserve
51．If tourists want to visit Sodwana Bay, which season is said to be avoided
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Fall. D．Winter.
52．Guided walks in uMkhuze Game Reserve is worth_____
A． 12 B． 13 C． 15 D． 10
【答案】50．A 51．B 52．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了南非全方位的旅游胜地——Durban。
50．细节理解题。根据Kosi Bay部分中“You’ll also find more than 250 bird species here,including the rare palm-nut vultures.(你还可以在这里找到250多种鸟类，包括罕见的棕榈秃鹫。)”；以及Sodwana Bay部分中“The three-mile Mgobozeleni Trail in Sodwana Bay presents excellent opportunities for bird watching, taking you through picturesque coastal forest and grassland.(索瓦纳湾三英里长的Mgobozeleni步道为观鸟提供了绝佳的机会，带您穿过风景如画的沿海森林和草原。)”；以及uMkhuze Game Reserve部分中“This reserve is also home to more than 400 bird species.(这个保护区也是400多种鸟类的家园。)”可知，只有在Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park部分中“and it’s your best chance to see the Big Five all in one place lions, leopards, elephants, buffalo and rhinos, both black and white. (这是你在一个地方看到五大动物的最佳机会：狮子、豹子、大象、水牛和犀牛，无论是黑色的还是白色的。)”中，没有提及鸟类。故选A。
51．细节理解题。根据Sodwana Bay部分中“Come outside of the summer holidays to avoid the rush and you’ll be rewarded with enchanting, technicolour undersea life.(暑假结束后，你可以避开拥挤的人群，享受迷人的、多彩的海底生活)”，可知，如果要来Sodwana Bay度假，应该避开夏天，则可以享受迷人的多彩的海底生活。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据uMkhuze Game Reserve部分中“Again, guided walks can be booked in advance for E10.(同样，有导游的徒步旅行可以提前预订，费用为10英镑。)”，可知，在uMkhuze Game Reserve的引导下散步价值10英镑。故选D。
（十五）
（2023·四川成都·树德中学校考模拟预测）Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort
Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life---the arts are a perfect cross over between culture and commerce.
Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people’s wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.
Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.
53．Art products differ from most other commercial products because_____ .
A．most people purchase them中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年高考英语四川省成都市名校模拟预测阅读理解题汇总（原卷版）（包含成都外国语学校、树德中学、石室中学共十八篇）
（一）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Don’t you have time for reading If you are interested in non-fiction books, here are some good choices for you.
A Room of One’s Own
This essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on several lectures given to two women’s colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In the essay, Woolf describes that it’s circumstance not talent alone, that allows men to be more successful at writing. Women, in other words, spend so much time cooking, cleaning, and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well, therefore, a woman must have a “room of her own”. While on its surface, this essay appears to be only about writing, it is actually about wealth and class, freedom and confinement, and the power struggle between sexes.
The Art of War
Written by ancient Chinese warrior Sun Tzu, The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategies in human history. Consisting of 13 chapters, each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war, the book has been translated into every major language and has thousands of editions. For centuries, it has been used to train world leaders for its detailed study of military strategies and effective leadership.
Letter to My Daughter
This book of essays by Maya Angelou, a respectable African-American poet, is written for “the daughter she never had” — the millions of women, both young and old, that she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring, older relative, this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences, including the birth of her only child, a son, as well as the development and loss of friendship.
A Brief History of Time
If you’re short of time, then why not read about, well, the creation of time This book, first published in 1998 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking, explores mind-bending questions about the creation of the universe, including if and when it will end, and if so, how. Despite its heavy subject matter, Hawking addresses these questions in a way that’s easy to understand, even for those who know little about physics.
1．What can we learn about the four books
A．A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.
B．Letter to My Daughter is actually a common family letter.
C．The Art of War gives advice on how to be a world leader.
D．A Room of One’s Own is more than about writing.
2．What can be inferred from the passage
A．As a physicist,Hawking is equally famous in writing.
B．Maya devotes herself to fighting for women’s rights.
C．The book by Sun Tzu is helpful in policy-making.
D．Woolf looks down upon men in writing.
3．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To make comparisons among the four books.
B．To recommend the four books to readers.
C．To make comments on the four books.
D．To promote sales of the four books.
（二）
（2023·四川成都·树德中学校考模拟预测）Our perception of hoe food tastes is influenced by cutlery like knives, forks, and spoons, research suggests.
“Size, weight, shape and color all have an effect on flavor,” says a University of Oxford team. Cheese tastes saltier when eaten from a knife rather than a fork; while white spoons make yoghurt taste better, experiments show.
The study in the journal Flavour suggests the brain makes judgments on food even before it goes in the mouth. More than 100 students took part in three experiments looking at the influence of weight, color and shape of cutlery on taste. The researchers found that when the weight of the cutlery is consistent with expectations, this had an influence on how the food tastes. For example, food tasted sweeter on the small spoons that are traditionally used to serve desserts.
Color contrast was also an important factor-white yoghurt eaten from a white spoon was rated sweeter than white yoghurt tasted on a black spoon. Similarly, when testers were offered cheese on a knife, spoon, fork or toothpick, they found that the cheese on a knife tasted saltiest.
“How we experience food is a multisensory experience involving taste, feel of the food in our mouths, pleasant smells, and the feasting of our eyes,” said Pro. Charles Spence and Dr. Vanessa Harrar. “Even before we put food into our mouths, our brains have made a judgment about it, which affects our overall experience.”
Past research has shown that china can change our perception of food and drink. For example, people generally eat less when food is served on smaller plates. “The new research into how the brain influences food perception could help dieters or improve gastronomic（美食的）experiences at restaurants,” said Pro. Spence. He told BBC News: “There’s a lot more to food than what’s on the plate. Many things we thought didn’t matter do. We’re going to see a lot more of neuroscience（神经科学）design around mealtimes.”
4．According to the text, we know that the cheese used in the experiment is ________.
A．salty B．sour
C．sweet D．bitter
5．What do we know about the weight of the cutlery in paragraph 3
A．It is important for people.
B．People usually don’t care about it.
C．It affects how the food tastes.
D．It is always different from people’s expectation.
6．What does the underlined word “multisensory” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Coming from the senses.
B．Involving many different senses.
C．Able to feel or perceive.
D．Easily affected by other feelings.
7．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Research on cutlery is of great importance.
B．Research on food will be continued in the future.
C．Research on the effect of nerves on the taste of food will be done.
D．Research on plates and food will be carried out in the near future.
（三）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Since 2006, when Corning, an American glassmaker, developed Gorilla Glass to give Apple’s first iPhone a scratch-resistance (防划) screen, many other types of toughened glass have also appeared for use in handsets. But as well-made as they are, people keep cracking and breaking them. Jingwei Hou, at the University of Queensland in Australia, thinks he has found a way to prevent that.
Dr Hou and his colleagues are among a number of researchers working on a group of materials called perovskites (钙钛矿). The original perovskite, calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3), is a mineral discovered in the Ural Mountains in 1839 and named after Count Lev Perovski, a Russian mineralogist.
Since then, the name has come to be used for a number of materials that share a similar crystal (晶体) structure.
Much of the interest in perovskites comes because those which combine metal atoms with chlorine, bromine or iodine —members of a group of elements called halogens (卤素) —are semiconductors, which are a solid substance that allows some electricity to pass through it. This makes them potentially useful in a variety of electronics. In particular, one promising feature of metal halides (卤化物) is that they can be used to make new types of solar cells which are much better at turning sunlight into electricity than the silicon-based (硅基) cells currently employed. Oxford PV, a British company, is bringing some of the first perovskite solar cells to market.
Dr Hou and his colleagues have found another important use of the materials. Their study, which was published recently in Science, showed that perovskite screens were efficient light emitters (发光体) able to produce sharp, bright images. Meanwhile, the screens were extremely tough and highly flexible. “Perovskite screens might be unbreakable,” believes Dr Hou. “They can be used not just for phones, but also for products ranging from televisions and computers to lighting.” But he does believe it could take five to ten years of development before this will happen. In the meantime, people should take a bit more care with the screens on their devices.
8．What problem are the researchers trying to solve
A．How to further reduce Gorilla Glass’s weight.
B．How to make phone screens tough enough.
C．How to better prevent scratches on screens.
D．How to lower the cost of toughened glass.
9．What can we learn about perovskites
A．They were discovered over 200 years ago.
B．They were named by an Australian scientist.
C．They are widely available in the Ural Mountains.
D．They are a class of materials with a similar structure.
10．Which of the following is a use of metal halides
A．Replacing semiconductors.
B．Making solid substances flexible.
C．Producing high-efficiency solar cells.
D．Extending the life of silicon-based cells.
11．What does Dr Hou think of perovskite screens
A．They break easily in cold weather.
B．They will soon come onto the market.
C．They are highly sensitive to bright sunlight.
D．They may be used in various electronic devices.
（四）
（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）Many people believe it is crucial to have gender equality in the workplace. But achieving equality means overturning centuries of social norms. Recent research by Oxford University suggests that sometimes it is women themselves who are limiting their career opportunities.
The study surveyed 3,698 students from 63 schools and colleges across the UK . It found out that female students tend to choose “worthwhile” jobs, while male students often go after jobs that offer big salaries. Researchers noticed that secondary school girls said they were more willing to accept low-income jobs like charity work or museum positions, while boys focused more on getting high-prestige careers, reported The Guardian.
“Compared with boys, girls are more concerned about each aspect of job application. They are more interested in careers that offer job security, in a cause they ‘feel good about’,” Jonathan Black, director of the Oxford University Careers Service, told The Telegraph.
China faces a similar gender gap. This month, a poll by Chongqing Morning Post indicates that female college graduates care more about their working environment. As for male graduates, career prospects are more important. “This has the knock-on effect that girls may be self-limiting their choice of careers, especially because the types of jobs they seek often have informal entry processes, like getting an internship or doing unpaid work,” Black said.
12．What kind of job do girl graduates tend to look for
A．Well-paid. B．Promising.
C．Challenging. D．Safe and easy.
13．What’s the article mainly about
A．Women’s self-limit in career. B．Social gender discrimination.
C．Men’s attitude towards jobs. D．Job application in the UK and China.
14．The author develops the article mainly ________
A．by comparison B．by classification
C．by order of space D．by order of time
15．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Girls are fighting against restrictions in jobs.
B．There are not many jobs open to girls after graduation.
C．The gender gap in employment has narrowed recently in China.
D．Research in the UK shows that the gender gap exists in employment.
（五）
（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）Have you ever feel stuck
Robert Susa helps you do up the power and creativity significantly with a few simple changes to your daily routine:
Go for a walk
Regular exercise helps improve thinking and memory retention. Taking a walk, a cardio class, or a long-distance run gives your brain a rest from work-related thoughts. It has a chance to be creative, which could help you fix the little problem you’ve been having with your invention idea.
Indulge in a hobby
A brain needs novelty and exercises to maintain its youthful functions. If your artistic abilities take over your mind for a few hours each week, perhaps an hour a day is enough to strength your brain.
Eat brain food
Like your body, your brain needs healthy and nutrient-rich foods to increase productivity. Food rich in flavonoids(黄酮类) can help you optimize your brain and assist with creating your produce or service and helping you remember the conversations and connections you have with other people, as well as those random middle-of-the-night thoughts that could prove useful later on.
Find time to clear your mind
If you’re having trouble concentrating or you’re stuck on a problem, take a little time to meditate. It can clear your mind and provide stress release, and let all worries and problems escape. It benefits your body as well.
Add any of these activities-or all four-to your daily routine, and it may help ignite a creative spark. Allowing your brain to change from its workaholic state and into a free-minded flow might be what you need to figure out your great idea.
16．When you feel stuck, you shouldn’t
A．go for a walk
B．find time to clear your mind
C．eat over-dose brain food
D．indulge in a hobby
17．How can you find your great ideas when in trouble
A．Taking a long time to meditate.
B．Clearing your mind completely.
C．Allowing your brain to its workaholic state.
D．Relaxing yourself and providing stress release.
18．The following are the benefits to release stress except____
A．optimizing your brain
B．increasing productivity
C．clearing your head of worries and problems
D．letting your artistic abilities take over your mind all the time
（六）
（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）Margie even wrote about it that night in her diary. On the page headed May 17, 2157, she wrote, “today, Tommy found a real book!”
It was a very old book. Margie’s grandfather once said that when he was a little boy his grandfather told him that there was a time when all stories were printed on paper.
They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to-on a screen, you know. And then, when they turned back to the page before, it had the same words on it that it had had when they read it the first time.
“Gee,” said Tommy, “what a waste. When you’re through with the book, you just throw it away, I guess. Our television screen must have had a million books on it and it’s good for plenty more. I wouldn’t throw it away. ”
“What’s it about ” asked Margie.
“School,” said Tommy.
“School I hate school. ” Margie always hated school, but now she hated it more than ever. The part she hated most was the slot where she had to put homework and test papers. She always had to write them out in a punch code they made her learn when she was six years old, and the mechanical teacher calculated the mark in no time. The mechanical teacher had been giving her test after test in geography and she had been doing worse and worse until her mother had shaken her head sorrowfully and sent for the County Inspector.
The inspector was a round little man with a red face and a whole box of tools with dials and wires. After an hour or so, he finished and said to Margie’s mother, “It’s not the little girl’s fault, Mrs. Jones. I think the geography sector was geared a little too quick. Those things happen sometimes. I’ve slowed it up to an average ten-year level. ”
There it was again, large and black and ugly, with a big screen on which all the lessons were shown and the questions were asked.
19．When is it that the incident happen
A．In the 21th century.
B．Hundreds of years ago.
C．In the 22th century.
D．Decades of years ago.
20．What’s the inspector’s job
A．Give students tests.
B．Teach students lessons.
C．Meet parents.
D．Adjust the machines.
21．What does the underlined word “gear” in the second to last paragraph mean
A．Set. B．Invent. C．Plant. D．Insert.
22．What is the author’s attitude towards lessons on a screen
A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent.
（七）
（2023·四川成都·树德中学校考模拟预测）SEA LIFE LONDON AQUARIUM (水族馆) GUIDE
Have you ever wished you could swim to the deepest of the ocean to see some of the rarest sea creatures in the world Or even take a trip to Antarctica and take photos of a family of penguins Well, luckily for you, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium allows visitors to do that.
Opened in 1997, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium is the largest in London. Not only does it provide entertainment for visitors as they watch sharks, turtles, and tropical fish swim over, under and all around them, but it’s also one of the UK’s leading centers for sea life protection.
Highlights:
Pacific Display Walking over a glass window and watching sharks swim underyour feet
Atlantic Zone Observing turtles, snails, and octopuses
Tidal Reach Zone Taking photos of colorful jellyfish and pipefish
Rockpools Feeling starfish (海星) and the shell of a crab
Special tips:
Make sure you take advantage of the discounted tickets available on any of our official websites.
Dress in layers (层) during your visit, because it can get quite warm inside the aquarium and cold in the penguin area.
Avoid visiting during the busier periods since some of the areas of the aquarium are quite narrow.
Ticket prices:
Tickets cost 19.95, but there are other choices:
If you want to see the London Eye as well as the aquarium, there is a “SEA LIFE and London Eye” package for 39.
If you want to swim with the friendly sharks in the aquarium, there is a “Shark Experience” package which costs 89.
23．What do we know about the SEA LIFE London Aquarium A．It is the oldest aquarium in London. B．It is the first to be built underwater.
C．It plays a part in protecting sea creatures. D．It owns the largest variety of sea species.
24．Which part of the aquarium may attract you if you want to touch sea creatures
A．Tidal Reach Zone. B．Pacific Display.
C．Atlantic Zone. D．Rockpools.
25．What should you keep in mind when visiting the aquarium
A．Wearing layers of clothing. B．Showing your ID for discounts.
C．Booking package tickets for the visit. D．Keeping a safe distance from others.
（八）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Avoid the supermarket shelves piled with cheese, cupcakes and pies. That is the message of an analysis that found these items are the worst when looking at both nutritional and environmental impacts of thousands of food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland. So far, most studies have focused on the environmental impact of goods such as beef or beans, rather than tofu and other products that shoppers often buy. Where research has focused on such products, it has usually been for a small number of them.
In a bid to bridge the gap, Micheal Clark at the University of Oxford and his colleagues analyzed more than 57,000 food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland. The team took the ingredients (成份) data from eight retailers (零售商), including major supermarkets Tesco and Sainsbury’s. However, precise figures on how much of each ingredient is in each product were only available for around a tenth of them. To estimate the rest, Clark and his colleagues trained an algorithm (算法) on the known products and used it to predict the composition of the unknown ones. Finally, the team linked all the ingredients to an existing database of environmental impacts, including emissions (排放), land use and water stress.
The results may come as no surprise: meat, fish and cheese products had highest environmental impact while fruit, vegetables, bread and sugary drink products had the lowest burden. Clark admits that none of this is exciting, given what we already knew from past research. “What is important is that you can start getting these impact estimates for products that people are purchasing, which then has a lot of effects,” he says.
One of those is eco-lables, which can help consumers to make greener choices. However, retailers have struggled in the past with the challenge of the large number of food. Clark is thinking about how to eventually turn the data into an app that could be used either by shoppers or by retailers wanting to reduce their environmental impact. “We’ve made that information available in a way that means people can start making informed decisions,” he says.
26．What is the purpose of Clark’s study
A．To solve the environmental problems with some products.
B．To point out the mistakes of the previous research.
C．To focus on the important ingredients data from retailers.
D．To estimate the environmental impact of frequently-bought products.
27．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The process of Clark’s study. B．The result of Clark’s study.
C．The significance of Clark’s study. D．The limitation of Clark’s study.
28．What can be inferred about Clark’s study from Paragraph 3
A．Surprising. B．Worrying. C．Meaningful. D．Doubtful.
29．Which of the following products should people buy according to Clark’s study
A．Nutritious food like beef and eggs. B．Green food like carrots and bananas.
C．Healthy food like fish and tofu. D．Fresh food like milk and chicken
（九）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）The AIDA model is the foundation of modern marketing and advertising practice. It outlines the four basic steps used to persuade potentials to make a purchase. The first three steps lie in creating attention (A), decorating interest (I), and building desire (D) for the product, before the fourth step — the “call to action” (A) — tells them exactly how and where to buy. AIDA can channel the customer’s feelings through each stage toward reaching a sale.
Attracting the customer’s attention is the first challenge and this may be achieved by using an attracting phrase or picture. Once someone’s attention has been clutched, it must be turned into real interest. This is best done by providing a brief description of the product’s benefits to the consumer rather than simply listing the product’s main features or problem-solving claims.
Now, it is time to transform that interest into a desire for a product or service. This is where consumers need to believe their lives could be better by possessing the product. It could be a vital step towards turning a potential into a real customer.
“Call-to-action” is where all of the initial hard work pays off and leads to the action from a potential customer. For example, they might pick up the phone to discuss the idea of a trial of the services or, alternatively, they may just buy that product or service that has been promoted to them all along.
And AIDA is used to great effect in the movie industry. Movie studios begin their marketing campaigns months in advance. The campaigns develop by offering attractive flashes of the movie without giving too much away. Desire is inspired by the release of the full preview which is fully designed to show the exciting moments of the movie, from special effects to humorous lines of dialogue on the opening weekend. Advertisements in newspapers and on television focus on the movie’s release, inviting the consumer to go and buy a ticket.
30．What is the purpose of practising AIDA
A．To create jobs. B．To increase sales.
C．To research markets. D．To introduce products.
31．What does the underlined word “clutched” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Seized. B．Freed. C．Cheated. D．Affected.
32．In which stage of the AIDA model may a customer call to try the service
A．Action. B．Interest. C．Desire. D．Attention.
33．Why does the author mention the movie industry in the last paragraph
A．To design an AIDA model. B．To display how AIDA works.
C．To show how to make a movie. D．To advertise the movie industry.
（十）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）To an outsider, any culture can seem quirky(离奇古怪的), and confusing. And the UK’s got a thing or two that raises a few eyebrows. Brits are quite capable of confusing visitors with their characteristics. However, understand why and things might be less perplexing. Here are the reasons for three of Britain’s more puzzling practices.
In a world where 61% of nations drive on the right, Brits drive on the left. Most people think it goes back to Medieval, maybe even Roman times. This unusual behaviour makes sense when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip. Travelling on the left allowed you to keep your weapon arm toward your opponent, who would be on your right. This practice persisted until the 18th Century when a law was passed requiring all traffic crossing London Bridge to keep to the left.
Visitors to the UK that have just washed their hands in an old-fashioned sink might be wondering why one tap is only for hot water, the other entirely cold. Either can make washing very uncomfortable. It relates to a time when hot and cold water were kept separate to prevent pollution. Drinkable cold water came from a mains supply, but hot water came from attic(顶楼) tanks and was not considered suitable for consumption. So they were kept apart.
Millions of people drink tea worldwide, but Brits put milk in theirs. Why This practice relates to the quality of china cup used in the 18th Century when tea was first imported. For the majority of Brits, the cups available couldn’t withstand the heat of the boiling water and would break, so milk was added first. This cooled the cup enough to withstand the water. And this practical tweak soon became a national habit.
There’s a method to the madness, they say. As you can see, these quirky Brits have perfectly coherent reasons for left-hand driving, two-tap sinks and tea with milk. Even if they still seem strange, at least now you’re in the know.
34．According to the passage, what possibly led to Brits driving on the left
A．The law passed in the 18th century.
B．The concern about the driver’s safety.
C．The existence of a number of bridges.
D．The unique design of the British roads.
35．What would happen to the 18th century cups when poured into boiling water
A．They were all imported from China.
B．They were of low quality and easy to break.
C．They were used for drinking milk and coffee.
D．They couldn’t bear the heat and would break easily.
36．What is the writer’s attitude towards the practices mentioned
A．Negative. B．Critical. C．Neutral. D．Approving.
37．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Those Quirky Brits B．A Glimpse of Britain
C．Puzzling Practices D．A Method to the Madness
（十一）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）We all know that unpleasant feeling when we’re talking about something interesting and halfway through our sentence we’re interrupted. But was that really an interruption The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.
Using a set of controlled audio clips (录音片段), Hilton surveyed 5, 000 American English speakers to better understand what affects people’s perceptions of interruptions. She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.
Hilton found that American English speakers have different conversational styles. She identified two distinct groups: high and low intensity speakers. High intensity speakers are generally uncomfortable with moments of silence in conversation and consider talking at the same time a sign of engagement. Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.
The differences in conversational styles became evident when participants listened to audio clips in which two people spoke at the same time but were agreeing with each other and stayed on topic, Hilton said. The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous (同时) chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.
“People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other.”
38．What does Hilton’s research focus on
A．What interruptions mean to people.
B．Whether interruption is good or not.
C．How to avoid getting interrupted.
D．Why speakers interrupt each other.
39．What do participants of the study need to do
A．Record an audio clip. B．Answer some questions.
C．Listen to one another. D．Have a chat with a friend.
40．What do low intensity speakers think of simultaneous chat
A．It’s important. B．It’s interesting.
C．It’s inefficient. D．It’s impolite.
41．What can we learn from Hilton’s research
A．Human interaction is complex.
B．Communication is the basis of life.
C．Interruptions promote thinking.
D．Language barriers will always exist.
（十二）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Imagine driving behind a huge truck shooting clouds of smoke into the air while your new fully electric vehicle cleans up its carbon emissions (排放). This dream may soon be a reality. A team of students in the Netherlands has created an electric car that not only doesn’t produce carbon dioxide when driving, but actually pulls it out of the air.
The two-seater sports car was designed and built in less than a year by a team of 32 students at Eindhoven University of Technology. Called “ZEM”, which stands for “zero emission mobility”, the car is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives. The team says if ZEM is driven about 32,000 kilometers, it can remove 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the air. That’s not a huge amount. The team calculates that 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon dioxide as a typical tree does during that time. However, they also point out that there are over a billion passenger cars in the world that could be using this technology. And if a billion cars were removing carbon dioxide instead of producing it, the result would be huge.
ZEM also has several other innovations that help to make it more capable of being sustained: the car’s frame and panels (面板) are 3D printed to reduce waste; it was built using recycled and recyclable materials; and it can be easily taken apart so that many of its parts can be reused. ZEM’s battery is also reusable, and has another handy feature: it can be charged with solar panels on the car’s roof—and can even be used to provide power to your house when the car isn’t on the road.
According to the statistics, transportation was responsible for over 20% of global carbon dioxide emissions in 2020—and of those emissions, cars were responsible for 41%. The Eindhoven team says its goal is to challenge the electric car industry: If 32 students can build a car like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers (生产商) are expected to adopt these innovations, too.
42．What is special about ZEM
A．It can end the world’s CO2 release.
B．It can cut the truck’s CO2 emissions.
C．It can reduce the level of CO2 in the air.
D．It can absorb dirty air as well as CO2.
43．Why does the team run the calculation of ZEM in paragraph 2
A．To demonstrate a superb vision of ZEM cars.
B．To explain how ZEM removes CO2 as trees do.
C．To illustrate the ongoing change in car making.
D．To show the influence of ZEM on the car market.
44．What do we know about all the components of ZEM
A．They are of high quality. B．They are easy to process.
C．They are convenient to print. D．They are environmentally friendly.
45．What does the Eindhoven team hope to achieve in the future
A．Sharp decline in fuel consumption. B．Mass production of ZEM cars.
C．Big success in beating other car makers. D．Dramatic changes in transportation.
（十三）
（2023·四川成都·树德中学校考模拟预测）A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
46．Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph
A．To explain the use of a software program.
B．To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C．To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D．To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
47．What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Arguments. B．Doubts. C．Errors. D．Differences.
48．What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond
A．Create rules. B．Comprehend meaning.
C．Talk fluently. D．Identify difficult words.
49．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B．The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C．Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
（十四）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Where the Wild Things are
Durban, a great all-round destination in South Africa,is home to some of South Africa’s most diverse wildlife. There you can see an impressive array of wild animals in the flesh, from lions, leopards and elephants to endangered species.Durban KZN is now just a direct British Airways flight away—take a look at some of its most unforgettable wildlife experiences.
Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park
Start north of Durban at one of South Africa’s most celebrated national parks. Hluhluwe-iMfolozi really comes alive during the winter months, when many animals congregate(聚集)at the water sources.Both the Black uMfolozi and White uMfolozi rivers flow through here, and it’s your best chance to see the Big Five all in one place lions, leopards, elephants, buffalo and rhinos, both black and white. Guided morning walks can be booked ahead for an astonishingly reasonable E12-f15.
Kosi Bay
It is an appealing complex of coastal lakes and an estuary(河口)with a peaceful, unspoiled atmosphere. The lake system in particular is home to a wide range of creatures, such as hippos, flamingos, crocodiles and Zambezi sharks(common bull sharks).You’ll also find more than 250 bird species here,including the rare palm-nut vultures.
Sodwana Bay
The three-mile Mgobozeleni Trail in Sodwana Bay presents excellent opportunities for bird watching, taking you through picturesque coastal forest and grassland.Deep-sea fishing is also popular here, but to really make the most of Sodwana you have to try the snorkelling(带呼吸管潜水). Come outside of the summer holidays to avoid the rush and you’ll be rewarded with enchanting, technicolour undersea life.
uMkhuze Game Reserve
At this point, you might be thinking, ‘Well, this is all well and good, but where are the hyenas ’That itch can be(metaphorically)scratched at uMkhuze, where the screeching beasts congregate in the dense scrubland, along with rhinos and elephants. This reserve is also home to more than 400 bird species.Again, guided walks can be booked in advance for 10.
50．Birds are pointed out in the places EXCEPT_____
A．Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park B．Kosi Bay
C．Sodwana Bay D．uMkhuze Game Reserve
51．If tourists want to visit Sodwana Bay, which season is said to be avoided
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Fall. D．Winter.
52．Guided walks in uMkhuze Game Reserve is worth_____
A． 12 B． 13 C． 15 D． 10
（十五）
（2023·四川成都·树德中学校考模拟预测）Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort
Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life---the arts are a perfect cross over between culture and commerce.
Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people’s wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.
Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.
53．Art products differ from most other commercial products because_____ .
A．most people purchase them for collection
B．they are more expensive and less accessible
C．they have both commercial and cultural values
D．their prices may climb up as time passes
54．What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities
A．They enjoy better living conditions.
B．They like to compare themselves with others.
C．They are particularly good at both music and art.
D．They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.
55．How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them
A．It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.
B．It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
C．It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
D．It helps to make responsible people out of them.
56．What is the best title for this passage
A．How Art Cures Our Hearts
B．Art: A Blessing to Humankind
C．How Art Benefits Communities
D．Art: A Bridge Between Cultures
（十六）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）The South Pole has been warming at more than three times the global average over the past 30 years, according to research led by Ohio University professor Ryan Fogt, and Kyle Clem, who is a current postdoctoral research fellow in climate science. According to the study, this warming period was mainly driven by natural tropical (热带的) climate variability and was likely strengthened by increases in greenhouse gases.
Clem and his team analyzed weather station data at the South Pole, as well as climate models to examine the warming in the Antarctic interior (内陆). They found that between 1989 and 2018, the South Pole had warmed by about 1. 8℃ over the past 30 years at a rate of +0. 6℃ per decade—three times the global average.
The study also found that the strong warming over the Antarctic interior in the last 30 years was mainly driven by the tropics, especially warm ocean temperatures in the western tropical Pacific Ocean that changed the winds in the South Atlantic near Antarctica and increased the delivery of warm air to the South Pole. They suggest these atmospheric changes along Antarctica's coast are an important mechanism driving climate anomalies (异常事物) in its interior.
Clem and Fogt argue that these warming trends were unlikely the result of natural climate change alone, stressing the effects of added warming related to human activities on top of the large tropical climate signal on Antarctic climate have worked together to make this one of the strongest warming trends worldwide.
“From the very beginning, Kyle and I worked very well together and were able to accomplish more as a team than we were individually,” Fogt said. “We have published every year together since 2013, with one of our continuing collaborations being the annual State of the Climate reports. Our work on this project together each year ultimately led to this publication documenting the warming at the South Pole. However, most importantly for my family and me, apart from being a fantastic scientist and collaborator, Kyle is also considered as one of our closest friends.”
57．What is the major cause of the South Pole's warming according to the research
A．The weather station. B．Lack of winds.
C．Increases of greenhouse gases. D．Natural tropical climate change.
58．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The tropical climate signals in the Antarctic interior.
B．The effect of human activities on the warming trends.
C．The detailed explanation for the South Pole's warming.
D．The unpleasant consequences of natural climate change.
59．Which of the following does Fogt most probably agree on
A．Cooperation is valued in scientific research.
B．Getting science paper published is difficult.
C．Friendship is more important than science.
D．Family support plays a key role in science.
60．From which is the text most probably taken
A．A chemistry textbook. B．A science magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．A science novel.
（十七）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）In the near future, instead of going to your wardrobe (衣柜) to choose something to throw on for your next video call, you might turn to your virtual wardrobe to pick out a 3D digital dress to wear. At least, that's what a number of people in the fashion and tech space are relying on as more businesses look to the promise of digital fashion. Moreover, those virtual clothes won't just be for your video calls, but could eventually be worn all over the virtual world, and eventually, perhaps, viewed on your body in the real world through the Augmented Reality (AR) glasses.
“There are more and more second worlds' where you can express yourself. But there is probably an underestimation of the value being attached to individuals who want to express themselves in a virtual world with a virtual product, through a virtual image,”a marketing officer Robert said. As the field develops, there are two ways of using digital clothes—wearing them yourself through AR and providing digital clothes for your virtual body.
But why should we replace our physical clothes Supporters say there's unlimited creative expression through digital clothes, which now look increasingly more elegant thanks to developments in 3D and AR technology. “Clothing represents an expression of a personality. It always exists in the physical world, and it will exist in the virtual world,” said Simon Whitehouse, a designer.
He explained, “From the brand side, it's incredibly profitable to sell clothes without producing physical clothes. It's reinventing an entire supply chain. There's no water usage, there's very limited CO2 emission. There are no samples being sent out or returned. There are no show rooms, and there's no physical prototype (实物模型).”
61．What can you probably do in the near future according to paragraph 1
A．Open a virtual fashion clothing store.
B．Design 3D digital clothes for yourself.
C．Buy a bigger wardrobe for your bedroom.
D．Wear virtual clothes made by digital technology.
62．What can we infer from Simon's words in paragraph 3
A．AR technology will bring a challenge to people.
B．One's character will be seen in the virtual world.
C．Digital clothes will be more convenient for people.
D．One's expression only can be seen in the physical world.
63．What is Simon's attitude to digital clothing
A．Approving. B．Doubtful.
C．Unclear. D．Grateful.
64．What is the text mainly about
A．The increase in AR glasses. B．The digital fashion in the future.
C．The virtual body in digital clothes. D．AR glasses made by new technology.
（十八）
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Maeve Higgins once set herself a task. The Irish-born comedian wanted to see what life would be like if she stopped laughing at things that weren’t funny. Turns out it wasn’t as easy as she thought. “It was so hard,” she says. “ Laughter is a lubricant (润滑油) and is expected, and it’s really hard not to do it.”
Higgins suggests there’s something particularly special about being part of the shared experience that is live comedy — that curious magic that occurs when people come together specifically to laugh.
Comedy is more than just a pleasant way to pass an evening, humour more than something to amuse. They’re interwoven into our everyday existence. Whether you’re sharing an amusing story at a party or telling a dark joke at a funeral, humour is everywhere. But what is it for And can humour, as comedy, change how we feel, what we think or even what we do
As an essential part of human interaction, humour has been on the minds of thinkers for centuries. One of the most enduring theories of humour was put forward by the philosopher Thomas Hobbes. It asserts that humour appears to make fun of the weak and exert superiority. While this is clearly the function of some comedy, it’s far from a complete explanation for the overall purpose of humour.
For some comedians, it’s not just about getting laughs — it’s about changing what we think and maybe even what we do. If there’s one comic who is really typical of this, it’s Josie Long. A social justice activist and a comedian, Long has a reputation for delightful, optimistic humour and storytelling.
As her career has evolved, she has consciously put social and political topics at the heart of her act. She believes that comedians have a role to play in challenging some of the most pressing issues of the day.
British comic Stephen K Amos sells out venues seating thousands, year in, year out. Amos firmly believes that when comics consciously deal with pressing or controversial （有争议的）social issues like racism, they can reach people on a much more meaningful level than that achieved by briefly lifting someone’s mood. And while it may be difficult to quantify, he says, the social and psychological impact of comedy deserves much greater recognition.
The research backs this up. Although the role of comedy is to be entertaining first and foremost, Sharon Lockyer, a sociologist who studies humour, has identified a number of possible other functions. These include challenging stereotypes (刻板印象).
Amos’s work frequently settles the issues of race by challenging stereotypes.”I don’t do things for shock value,” he says. “ I do stuff that matters to me. In the old days it was just about doing jokes. We’ve moved on — people are talking about things that matter. ”
65．What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about
A．The benefits of laughing.
B．What a comedian’s daily work is about.
C．Why Maeve Higgins chose to be a comedian.
D．Maeve Higgins’ understanding of the appeal of comedy.
66．What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 4 most probably mean
A．Protect the weak from the evil.
B．Encourage people to be stronger.
C．Be determined to improve oneself.
D．Show you are better than other people.
67．According to the article, how does comedy have an effect on social issues
A．By gradually influencing people’s attitudes.
B．By urging politicians to try and solve the issues.
C．By quickly yet thoroughly changing people’s thinking.
D．By calling on the whole society to pay attention to the issues.
68．According to the article, comedy includes the following roles except ________ .
A．getting people to laugh
B．promoting social progress
C．influencing people’s ideas
D．making people more productive
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