人教版（2019） 必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters 综合测试（有答案）
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Unit 4 Natural Disasters 综合测试
一、阅读理解
Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In September,1923,Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shaanxi Province in 1556.It killed almost one million people.
We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA．It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.
The Earth’s crust is made up of rock called plates. As these plates move,they sometimes crash against each other,causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo,where small quakes happen quite often,many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the Earth moves,they move with it.
Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out,which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself. Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many metres high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities. China,Japan,Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence(发生) of earthquakes in the world.
1．The passage is mainly about _______.
A．scientists who study earthquakes
B．a usual natural disaster
C．the way of measuring earthquakes
D．what people should do in earthquakes
2．From the passage,we can know that earthquakes _______.
A．happen all over the world
B．are not serious
C．most possibly happen in Japan
D．don’t cause much damage
3．According to the passage,we know that tsunamis _______.
A．can cause earthquakes
B．can be caused by earthquakes
C．only happen on land
D．are a way of measuring earthquakes
Finding a Job
4．In which job do you need to speak a foreign language
A．Advert A． B．Advert B．
C．Advert C． D．Advert D
5．Which job is suitable for those who are busy during the weekdays
A．A babysitter. B．A newspaper deliverer.
C．Working in a café. D．Working in a museum shop.
6．Who are these job adverts mainly designed for
A．Parents. B．Teenagers.
C．Full-time workers. D．English speakers.
An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at a different speed. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other，pressure(压力)builds up until the plates break apart. This process(过程)causes the ground to move. It is an earth-quake. In other words，earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released(释放).
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property(财产). If it hits a large city，there may be many injuries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. Large earthquakes, such as the 1964 Alaska earthquake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, caused millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years, millions of people have been killed by earthquakes around the world-including over 240,000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.
A60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor. In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.
7．Which of the following is the main idea of the first paragraph
A．An earthquake comes from the inside of the earth.
B．The earth has great energy in storage.
C．How the earth plates move.
D．How an earthquake happens.
8．What does the underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Causing too much heat and great damage.
B．Causing many injuries and much destruction.
C．Happening as a result of another event.
D．Happening suddenly and unexpectedly.
9．By giving the example in Paragraph 4, the author wants to show that ______.
A．an earthquake doesn’t last long B．the damage can last long
C．people in Managua suffered too much D．Nicaragua is still a poor country
二、七选五
How to Deal with Being Indoors During an Earthquake
Would you know what to do if you are indoors during an earthquake _10_
Stay indoors.Do not move outside.Many modern buildings made of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) are designed to withstand moderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe._11_ Going outside is dangerous when people get injured from things falling off the building or other buildings._12_ Drop before the earthquake drops you.Use the “Drop,Cover and Hold” method—drop onto the ground,take cover under a strong and sturdy object and cover your head with your hands and arms.Hold onto whatever you might be underneath,because if it starts to move,you’ll want to make sure that you’re moving with it.
Get under something heavy._13_ If possible,get under something heavy like a desk or table.Cover your head.Get down low and make sure that you are protected from things that might be falling in your home.
Find other supports if you cannot shelter under something.If you’re not able to get under a table or other forms of protection,get next to an interior wall.Make yourself as small as possible.Cover your head and protect yourself while the shaking is going on.
Stay in bed if you are there already.If an earthquake starts while you are in bed,the best thing is to stay there.Cover your head and neck with your pillow and ride out the shaking._14_ It has been reported that people who get out of bed during an earthquake are more likely to be injured as they may step on broken glass.
A．Drop onto the ground.
B．Find a heavy desk quickly.
C．Earthquakes lead to many disasters.
D．Do not get out of bed until the shaking stops.
E．This simple how-to will bring you up to speed quickly.
F．It is unlikely that you will be able to walk during an earthquake.
G．Steps and lifts are actually more dangerous than staying indoors.
三、完形填空
It was very dark outside. The whole building kept ____15____ in the hurricane. The fire alarm went off and rainwater came in from the roof of the ____16____ and dripped (滴) down the walls.
Frankie Randazzo, a restaurant owner, came out of his home at sunrise, after ____17____ the storm with his wife and her dad. Outside, he saw a large ____18____ that fell on the ground narrowly missed his bedroom. Its branches were everywhere.
The scene is a ____19____ sight across Lake Charles and the surrounding towns in southwestern Louisiana in the ____20____ after Hurricane Laura swept through. The storm ____21____ the Gull Coast as a powerful Category 4 storm, one of the ____22____ to have ever hit the region.
For Randazzo, and many other people in America, it was the latest ____23____ in this year. In March, Randazzo had to ____24____ his restaurants because of the pandemic (流行病). He missed all the big ____25____ : St. Patrick’s Day, Mother’s Day. Now comes Hurricane Laura!
“My business was shut down and now my home is ____26____ too,” he sighed. “It’s basically like a(n) ____27____ movie.”
The recovery would be ____28____. The health crisis has already left businesses struggling to ____29____, and tens of thousands of people have been ____30____ across the state. It will be ____31____ for most of the people to find a place to ____32____ during the pandemic.
“However, this storm, or anything else, isn’t going to ____33____ us down. We’re going to ____34____ and we’ll be stronger than we were before.”
15．A．burning B．falling C．growing D．shaking
16．A．restaurant B．house C．cave D．car
17．A．focusing on B．taking control of C．going through D．looking forward to
18．A．tree B．bed C．box D．roof
19．A．familiar B．beautiful C．short D．distant
20．A．afternoon B．morning C．evening D．night
21．A．missed B．left C．landed D．greeted
22．A．earliest B．best C．mildest D．strongest
23．A．vacation B．accident C．move D．disaster
24．A．clean B．close C．buy D．repair
25．A．races B．companies C．holidays D．mistakes
26．A．damaged B．donated C．saved D．sold
27．A．silly B．crazy C．expensive D．unknown
28．A．slow B．impossible C．easy D．acceptable
29．A．lose B．fight C．survive D．follow
30．A．found B．defeated C．protected D．unemployed
31．A．difficult B．cheap C．comfortable D．convenient
32．A．relax B．stay C．recover D．cry
33．A．turn B．write C．send D．knock
34．A．promise B．escape C．rebuild D．investigate
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On September 19,2017, a deadly earthquake ____35____ (hit) Mexico, killing more than 300 people ____36____ destroying many buildings in the nation's capital, Mexico City. In the days that followed, rescue teams went out to search ____37____ people trapped by the earthquake. Among the humans digging through the ruins was a four legged helper ___38___ (name) Frida.
Frida, a rescue dog, was named after Mexican painter Frida Kahlo. She is a sniffer dog (嗅探犬) with the Mexican Navy (海军). She is a ____39____ (value) member of her team, often getting into spaces that humans can't reach. According to the Navy, she has a “sixth sense” for ____40____ (find) humans, and that's unlike any other dog they've ever trained before. ____41____ is her job to sniff out people trapped by natural disasters. Frida has found 52 people after earthquakes and other disasters in Mexico, Haiti and Ecuador, and 12 of ____42____ (they) were found alive and ____43____ (successful) rescued.
Since the Mexican Navy shared a picture of the rescue dog on the Internet, Frida has been considered a hero. Like the rest of rescue _____44_____ (worker), she is a hero to the victims (受害者) and their loved ones.
五、根据首字母填写单词
45．Although we suffer from many serious natural d________, we are sure to overcome all difficulties. （根据首字母单词拼写）
46．In these days of technological change we all s________ from information overload. (根据首字母单词拼写)
47．He was t________in the crashed car and couldn’t move his legs. （根据首字母单词拼写）
六、根据汉语意思填写单词
48．In front of the village runs a river 300 miles in ____________(长度).
49．There was an accident that resulted in the _______ (死亡) of two passengers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50．What he told me has an________ (影响)on me. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
七、根据中英文提示填写单词
51．A_______(帮助) by Winton, 669 children were transported to safety. （根据中英文提示填空）
52．So once it covers an area, it causes a ________ (平静的) period before the storm. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
八、根据所给汉语提示填空
53．Food ________(使他有可能活下来). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
54．Actually, our boss is an honest and reliable person ________ (你可以信赖他). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
55．They ____________________ (被困在) in the cave for 10 days before they were rescued. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
九、句型转换
56．Wujing is one of the best actors. He played a wonderful role in the film-“Wolf Warriors”.(用限制性定语从句改写句子)
Wujing is one of the best actors ________ played a wonderful role in the film-“Wolf Warriors”.
57．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month. We set them at the beginning of the year.（改为定语从句）
________________
十、汉译英（整句）
58．It is indeed an honor for China’s research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the new world.
仿写：我很荣幸受邀在这里做关于如何提高英语的讲座。
____________________________________________
59．国际援助正在为被飓风袭击的国家而组织。（strike，定语从句）（汉译英）
60．人们向世界展示的面孔常常和他们的真正人格不相符。 (P5) （汉译英）
十一、汉译英（单词/短语）
汉译英
61．开始运营 _________
62．向后靠向座位 ________
63．即将沿铁路旅行 __________
64．稳稳前行 _________
65．在某人头脑中 ________
66．一条巨龙 ________
67．在山间蜿蜒 ________
68．穿越“世界屋脊” ________
69．来自祖国各地 ________
70．对我们努力的记录 ________
十二、读写任务
71．阅读下面两则新闻报道，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
News item 1: Rescuers in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province continued searching on Sunday for six workers who went missing when water burst suddenly from a barrier lake formed during the 6.5-magnitude earthquake on Aug.3. The workers were digging tunnels to discharge (排出) lake water on Friday afternoon when the water suddenly broke through and flooded the construction site. The flooding also left another four workers injured, the press office of Zhaotong said on its official microblog.
News item 2: One person died and 324 others were injured after a 6.6-magnitude quake jolted southwest China’s Yunnan Province Tuesday night, according to the local government. The deaths were reported mainly from Jinggu County, where the epicenter (震中) was monitored. A total of 92,700 people in Jinggu were affected and 56,880 of them have been relocated, said an official of the county’s publicity department. After the earthquake, Yunnan has initiated the highest emergency response, sending rescue staff and materials to the affected areas.
【写作内容】
1.用约30个词概括上文的主要内容；
2.用约120个词谈谈你对自然灾害的看法；内容包括：
(1)地震可能给人们带来哪些危害(如身体和精神的伤害等)；
(2)自然灾害发生时人们应该怎么做；
(3)你自己的想法。
【写作要求】
1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
十三、完成句子
72．自然界的万事万物都仿佛在为他哭泣。
It seemed _________ ________ all nature were weeping for him.
73．People celebrate to show that they are ________.
人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了每年在世界各地发生的地震这种常见的自然灾害。
1．主旨大意题。根据本文第一段“Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world.( 世界各地每年都会发生数百次地震。)”以及第二段中“We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale.( 我们用里氏震级来衡量地震的强度。)”以及第三段“The Earth’s crust is made up of rock called plates. As these plates move，they sometimes crash against each other，causing the crust to quake.(地壳是由叫做板块的岩石构成的。当这些板块移动时，它们有时会相互碰撞，导致地壳震动。)”以及第四段中“Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out…Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis(地震也会破坏天然气和石油管道。这会引起火灾……地震的另一个影响是海啸。)”可知，本文介绍了世界各地每年都会发生数百次地震，怎样衡量地震的震级、地震形成的原因以及地震会引起火灾和海啸。因此本文主要是介绍地震这种常见的自然灾害。本文的主旨是“a usual natural disaster(一种常见的自然灾害)”符合题意，故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据本文第一段“Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. ( 世界各地每年都会发生数百次地震。)”以及最后一段中“China，Japan，Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence of earthquakes in the world.(中国、日本、俄罗斯和美国是世界上地震发生率最高的国家。)”可知，世界各地每年都会发生数百次地震，尤其最多的是中国、日本、俄罗斯和美国。因此，从这篇文章里，我们能够了解到地震：A项“happen all over the world(在世界各地发生)”符合题意。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据本文最后一段中“Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea.(地震的另一个影响是海啸。海啸都是海底地震产生的巨浪。)”可知，海底地震产生了巨浪，进而形成了海啸。因此，根据本文，我们可以了解到海啸B项“can be caused by earthquakes(是由地震引起的)”符合题意。故选B项。
4．C 5．C 6．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四则兼职工作的招聘启事。
4．细节理解题。C广告里提到“We need French, Spanish or German speakers to work us…”（我们需要会说法语、西班牙语或德语的人来为我们工作）可知，C广告需要应聘者会说一门外语，故选C。
5．判断推理题。题意为哪种工作适合在工作日繁忙的人，推理得到哪种工作时间为周六和周日。对比四则广告可知只有Working in a café的工作时间为周六早上八点到下午四点，适合题目中提到工作日繁忙的人，故选C。
6．细节理解题。本题可以运用排除法得出。题意为这些工作招聘广告是主要是针对哪些人，A广告和B广告提到了“after school放学后”与“before school上学前”，C广告中的“Holiday jods”,D广告中的“PART-TIME WORK”故可知是针对青少年，而C广告提到了需要会说法语、西班牙语或者德语，所以只说英语是不符合要求的，故排除D选项；而第一二三则广告提到了工作时间的限制，故不适合有全职工作的人，故排除C。四则广告并没有提到要求是针对“父母”的，故排除A。综上最后选B。故选B项。
7．D 8．C 9．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震发生的原因并结合实例说明地震所带来的危害。
7．段落大意题。文章第一段“An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at a different speed. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other,pressure(压力)builds up until the plates break apart. This process(过程)causes the ground to move. It is an earth-quake. In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released(释放).（当两个板块摩擦时就会发生地震。地球板块以不同的方向和速度运动。如果一个板块慢慢地被挤压到另一个板块下面，压力就会增加，直到板块破裂。这个过程导致地面移动。这是地震。换句话说，地震是地球外层岩石作为储存在地球内部的能量的结果而引起的地表震动。岩石中的张力突然释放出来。）”可知本段讲述了地震是如何发生的：地球板块的相互摩擦导致压力不断聚集，直至板块破裂，这个过程会引起地面的移动，地震也随之发生；故选D项。
8．词义猜测题。由下文“In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage.（在1906年的地震中，造成大部分损失的是地震之后引发的火灾。）”本句是对上句的承接，是对上句所述问题进行举例阐述，即地震之后会引发火灾，推知“It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs.”讲述的是“正是在随之产生的火灾和洪水中，往往发生最大的破坏。”故推知划线单词ensuing的意思是“随之产生的”，选项C“Happening as a result of another event（因另一事件而发生）”符合词义；故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“A 60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor. In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.（60秒或更短的地震会造成破坏，并在第一次地震后持续数年。1972年，一系列强烈的地震袭击了尼加拉瓜的马那瓜。15年后，该市的状况仍和当年地震发生一周后一样，因为国家没有足够的资金重建它。）” 本段第一句是主旨句，讲述了地震带来的破坏可能会持续数年，后面拿1972年马那瓜的地震举例，讲述马拉瓜在地震后的15年看起来就像是地震刚发生完一周一样，表明了地震所带来的破坏持续的时间之久，所以作者给出这个例子的目的就是为了表明地震所带来的伤害可以持续很长时间；故选B项。
10．E 11．G 12．A 13．F 14．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了地震时呆在室内该如何应对的建议。
10．根据上一句“Would you know what to do if you are indoors during an earthquake ”（你知道地震时如果你在室内该怎么做吗？）文章以问句开头，同时后文介绍了几个在室内时应对地震的方法，选项E“这个简单的方法会让你快速上手。”符合文意。故选E。
11．根据上一句“Many modern buildings made of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) are designed to withstand moderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe.”（许多现代建筑由RCC(钢筋水泥混凝土)被设计成能够承受中等强度的地震，实际上是相当安全的。）以及下一句“Going outside is dangerous when people get injured from things falling off the building or other buildings.”（当人们被从建筑物或其他建筑物上掉落的东西弄伤时，外出是危险的。）可知，比较之下在地震时呆在室内更安全，选项G“楼梯和电梯实际上比呆在室内更危险。”符合文意。故选G。
12．根据下文“Drop before the earthquake drops you. Use the “Drop, Cover and Hold” method—drop onto the ground, take cover under a strong and sturdy object and cover your head with your hands and arms. ”（在地震将你击倒之前蹲下。使用“蹲下，掩护和抓住”的方法——蹲下，在一个坚固的物体下寻找掩护，用手和胳膊盖住头部。）可知，此处提到采用蹲在地上的方法保护自己，选项A“蹲在地上。”符合文意。故选A。
13．根据下一句“If possible, get under something heavy like a desk or table.”（如果可能的话，躲到像书桌或桌子这样的重物下面。）可知，此处提到地震时不能走路而是应该躲在重物之下保护自己，选项F“地震时你是不可能走路的。”符合文意。故选F。
14．根据下一句“It has been reported that people who get out of bed during an earthquake are more likely to be injured as they may step on broken glass.”（据报道，地震时从床上起来的人更容易受伤，因为他们可能会踩到碎玻璃。）可知，此处建议地震时不要起床走动，因为会踩到碎玻璃，选项D“震动停止前不要起床。”符合文意。故选D。
15．D 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．D 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了疫情之下，台风“劳拉”重袭路易斯安那州，带来极大的损失，尽管如此，餐馆老板Fankie Randazzo对重建家园充满信心。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个建筑物在飓风中不停地摇晃。A.burning燃烧；B.falling坠落；C.growing成长；D.shaking颤抖。根据语境，强劲的飓风经过，导致建筑物摇晃，shaking符合语境，故选D项。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：火警警报响了，雨水从屋顶流了进来，顺着墙滴下来。A.restaurant餐馆；B.house房子；C.cave洞穴；D.car车。根据前一句“The whole building kept ___1___in the hurricane.(整个建筑物在飓风中不停地摇晃。)”可知，雨水从该建筑物屋顶流进来。故选B项。
17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：餐馆老板弗兰基·兰达佐与妻子和她的父亲熬过了暴风雨后，在日出时走出家门。A.focusing on专注于；B.taking control of控制；C.going through经受；D.looking forward to期待。上文“The whole building kept____1___in the hurricane. The fire alarm went off and rainwater came in from the roof of the ___2___ and dripped (滴) down the walls.(整个建筑物在飓风中不停地摇晃。火警警报响了，雨水从屋顶流了进来，顺着墙滴下来)”可知，他们三人昨晚尽管呆在屋里了，还是经受了一次飓风的袭击。故选C项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在外面，他看到一棵大树倒在地上，险些砸在他的卧室。A.tree树；B.bed床；C.box箱；D.roof屋顶。根据下文“Its branches were everywhere.(到处都是树枝)”可知，倒在地上的是一棵大树，故选A项。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：飓风“劳拉”横扫路易斯安那州后的早晨，其西南部的查尔斯湖和周边城镇的景象是熟悉的场景。A.familiar熟悉的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.short短的；D.distant遥远的。根据语境，飓风过境，满目疮痍的场景为大家所熟悉。familiar符合语境，故选A项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：飓风“劳拉”横扫路易斯安那州后的早晨，其西南部的查尔斯湖和周边城镇的景象是熟悉的场景。A.afternoon下午；B.morning上午；C.evening晚上；D.night夜间。根据第二段第一句“Frankie Randazzo, a restaurant owner, came out of his home at sunrise, after___3___the storm with his wife and her dad.(餐馆老板弗兰基·兰达佐与妻子和她的父亲熬过了暴风雨后，在日出时走出家门)”可知，此时为早晨。故选B项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：风暴登陆海鸥海岸时为四级风暴，是该地区有史以来最强的风暴之一。A.missed错过；B.left离开；C.landed着陆；D.greeted欢迎。根据上文“The scene is a ___5___ sight across Lake Charles and the surrounding towns in southwestern Louisiana in the___6___after Hurricane Laura swept through.(飓风‘劳拉’横扫路易斯安那州后的早晨，其西南部的查尔斯湖和周边城镇的景象是熟悉的场景。)”可知，风暴不但登陆（landed）了，还造成了极大的破坏。故选C项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：风暴登陆海鸥海岸时为四级风暴，是该地区有史以来最强的风暴之一。A.earliest最早的；B.best最好的；C.mildest最温和的；D.strongest最强烈的。根据语境可知，“劳拉”重袭路易斯安那州，风暴登陆时为四级风暴，为极度危险等级，这是该地区所遭遇的最强的（strongest）台风之一。故选D项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对兰达佐和在美国的许多其他的人来说，这是今年最近遭遇的灾难。A.vacation假期；B.accident意外；C.move行动；D.disaster灾难。根据下一句“In March, Randazzo had to___10___his restaurants because of the pandemic (流行病). He missed all the big ___11___: St, Patrick’s Day, Mother’s Day. Now comes Hurricane Laura! (今年3月，因为疫情，Randazzo不得不关闭他的餐厅。他错过了所有重要的节日：圣帕特里克节，母亲节)”可知，作为餐馆老板，疫情使他无法开门营业，他还错过了很多重要的节日，现在又遭遇“劳拉”这个破坏力极强的飓风，这一年中多灾多难。disaster符合语境，故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年3月，因为疫情，兰达佐不得不关闭他的餐厅。A.clean清洁；B.close关闭；C.buy购买；D.repair修理。根据下文“My business was shut down and now my home is ___12___too(先是饭店关闭，现在我的房子又被毁了)”可知，疫情期间，餐厅停止营业。close符合语境，故选B项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他错过了所有重要的节日:圣帕特里克节，母亲节。A.races比赛；B.companies公司；C.holidays假期；D.mistakes错误。根据后面的St. Patrick’s Day, Mother’s Day可知，因为疫情，很多聚集性的活动都无法开展，兰达佐错过了重要节日。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“先是饭店被关了，现在房子又被毁了。”兰达佐叹了口气说，“这就像是一部疯狂的电影。”A.damaged损坏；B.donated捐赠；C.saved保存；D.sold出售。根据第一段“The whole building kept ___1___in the hurricane. The fire alarm went off and rainwater came in from the roof of the ___2___ and dripped (滴) down the walls.(整个建筑物在飓风中不停地摇晃。火警警报响了，雨水从屋顶流了进来，顺着墙滴下来。)”可知，飓风之下，兰达佐的屋子的屋顶受损，漏水了。故选A项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“先是饭店被关了，现在房子又被毁了。”兰达佐叹了口气说，“这就像是一部疯狂的电影。”A.silly愚蠢的；B.crazy疯狂的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.unknown未知的。根据语境，一年中，兰达佐遭遇接二连三的倒霉事，在疯狂的电影中才会这样编剧。crazy符合语境，故选B项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：灾区恢复将是缓慢的。A.slow缓慢的；B.impossible不可能的；C.easy容易的；D.acceptable可接受的。根据下文“The health crisis has already left businesses struggling to___15___, and tens of thousands of people have been___16___across the state.(这场健康危机已经让企业难以生存，全州成千上万的人已失业。)”可知，遭遇疫情肆虐，如今飓风重袭，灾区损失严重，人民生活、企业经济方面的恢复工作将会进展缓慢。slow符合语境，故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这场健康危机已经让企业难以生存，全州成千上万的人已失业。A.lose失去；B.fight战斗；C.survive生存；D.follow跟随。根据语境，疫情影响到了企业的运作，企业处于为生存而努力的处境中，但依旧有数万人失业。短语struggle to survive，意为“为生存而挣扎”，survive符合语境，故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这场健康危机已经让企业难以生存，全州成千上万的人已失业。A.found发现；B.defeated击败；C.protected保护；D.unemployed解雇，使……失业。根据语境，企业难以生存，导致数万人失去工作。根据下一句“It will be ___17___ for most of the people to find a place to___18___during the pandemic.(在疫情期间，这些人中的大多数人很难找到暂住的地方)”可知，因为失业，没有经济来源，这些人中很多人找不到住所。unemployed符合语境，故选D项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在疫情期间，这些人中的大多数人很难找到暂住的地方。A.difficult困难的；B.cheap便宜的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.convenient方便的。根据语境，因为失业，因为疫情防控，很多失业的人很难（difficult）找到安身（stay）之所。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在疫情期间，这些人中的大多数人很难找到暂住的地方。A.relax放松；B.stay逗留；C.recover恢复；D.cry哭泣。因为疫情防控，大部分失业者无经济来源，很难找到安身（stay）之所。故选B项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“然而，这场风暴或其他任何事情都不会把我们击倒。”兰达佐说，“我们将重建我们的家园，而且会更加强大。”A.turn转；B.write写；C.send送；D.knock敲门。动词短语knock down，意为“击倒”，灾难不会击倒我们。knock符合语境，故选D项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们要重建，我们要比以前更强大。A.promise承诺；B.escape逃脱；C.rebuild重建；D. investigate调查。根据上文“The recovery would be ___14___.(灾区恢复将是缓慢的)”可见，飓风“劳拉”横扫路易斯安那州，造成了巨大破坏，飓风过后，人们会重建家园，恢复经济。rebuild符合语境，故选C项。
35．hit 36．and 37．for 38．named 39．valuable 40．finding 41．It 42．them 43．successfully 44．workers
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一只叫Frida的狗，在地震等灾难后，有效的救援故事。
35．考查动词时态。句意：2017年9月19日，一场致命的地震袭击了墨西哥，造成300多人死亡，首都墨西哥城的许多建筑物被毁。由句中时间状语“On September 19,2017”可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，hit的过去式是其原形。故填hit。
36．考查连词。句意：2017年9月19日，一场致命的地震袭击了墨西哥，造成300多人死亡，首都墨西哥城的许多建筑物被毁。空格处连接两个并列的动词 ing形式短语作结果状语。故填and。
37．考查介词。句意：在随后的日子里，救援队出动搜寻被地震困住的人们。search for...意为“搜寻……，寻找……”，是动词和介词的固定搭配。故填for。
38．考查过去分词。句意：在人类挖掘废墟的过程中，有一个名叫Frida的四条腿的帮手。动词name“命名”与helper之间是被动关系关系，所以应用其过去分词作后置定语，故填named。
39．考查形容词。句意：她是团队中很有价值的一员，经常进入人类无法触及的领域。根据空格后名词member可知，此处应用value的形容词形式valuable作定语修饰名词。故填valuable。
40．考查动名词。句意：根据海军的说法，她用“第六感”来寻找人类，这不同于他们以前训练过的任何其他狗。根据空格前的介词for可知，此处应填find的动名词形式作介词宾语。故填finding。
41．考查代词。句意：她的工作就是发现那些被自然灾害困住的人们。分析句子可知，句子真正的主语是to sniff out people trapped by natural disasters，空格处应填形式主语it，因位于句首，大写首字母，故填It。
42．考查代词。句意：在墨西哥、海地和厄瓜多尔发生地震和其他灾难后，弗里达发现了52人，其中12人被成功救出，并且还活着。根据空格前的介词of可知，此处应填they的宾格作介词宾语。故填them。
43．考查副词。句意：在墨西哥、海地和厄瓜多尔发生地震和其他灾难后，弗里达发现了52人，其中12人被成功救出，并且还活着。修饰动词rescued应该用successful的副词形式，故填successfully。
44．考查名词复数。句意：像其他救援人员一样，她是受害者和他们所爱的人心中的英雄。worker是可数名词，由the rest of可知，此处应用名词复数。故填workers。
45．disasters
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管我们遭受许多严重的自然灾害，但我们一定会克服一切困难。分析句子可知，此空应填可数名词复数，再根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填disasters，表“灾难”，在本句中作宾语。故填disasters。
46．suffer##uffer
【详解】考查动词。句意：在技术变革的今天，我们都遭受着信息超载的困扰。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词suffer“遭受”，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填suffer。
47．trapped##rapped
【详解】考查动词。句意：他被困在撞车里，双腿动弹不得。根据单词首字母以及句意“被困”可知应填动词trap，与主语构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填trapped。
48．length
【详解】考查名词。句意：村前有一条300英里长的河。根据汉语提示以及空格前的介词in可知，此处填入不可数名词名词length来做介词的宾语。故填length。
49．death
【详解】考查名词。句意：发生了一起事故，导致两名乘客死亡。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“死亡”对应的名词death，作宾语。故填death。
50．effect##influence##impact
【详解】考查名词。句意：他所告诉我的对我有影响。此处涉及固定短语have an effect/influence/impact on“对……有影响”。根据汉语提示，故填effect/influence/impact
51．Aided##ided;Assisted##ssisted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在温顿的帮助下，669名儿童被送往安全地带。根据首字母和句意可知，空处填过去分词Aided/Assisted作状语，与669 children 在逻辑上是被动关系。故填Aided/Assisted。
52．calm
【详解】考查形容词。句意：所以一旦它覆盖了一个区域，它就会在风暴前形成一段平静期。空处需填形容词，用于形容名词period。“平静的”为calm，符合题意。故填calm。
53．made it possible for him to survive
【详解】考查it做形式宾语。“使......”表达为make，“可能的”表达为possible，“活下来”表达为survive，此处“使他有可能活下来”可用it做形式宾语，动词不定式to survive做真正的宾语，且此处陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故填made it possible for him to survive。
54．whom you can rely on/that you can rely on/who you can rely on/you can rely on
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：事实上，我们的老板是一个诚实可靠的人，你可以信赖。根据句意和汉语提示分析句子可知，空格处的部分是定语，修饰前面的名词person，可以用一个限制性定语从句表示；“信赖”可以用短语rely on表示；因为先行词person在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词可以用that/whom/who，且关系代词作宾语可省，故此处关系词可省略。故填whom/ that you can rely on/who you can rely on/you can rely on。
55．had been trapped
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们被困在山洞里10天后才获救。分析句子可知，“被困在”是主句谓语动词，是被动语态，可用be trapped (in)表示，结合句意，“被困在山洞里10天”发生在“they were rescued”之前，是过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态形式had been trapped (in)。故填had been trapped。
56．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：吴京是最好的演员之一，在电影《战狼》中扮演了一个精彩的角色。分析句子结构以及用限制性定语从句改写句子的要求可知，该句可转换为连词that引导的限制性定语从句，先行词Wujing在从句中作主语成分。故填that。
57．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month that/which we set at the beginning of the year.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将在一个月内达到在年初就设定了目标的销售目标。分析句子结构和意思可知，原句的第1个小分句有名词the sales targets，第2个小分句用代词them代替这个名词词组，所以2个小分句可以合成一个定语从句，第1个小分句是主句，第2个小分句是从句，先行词就是the sales targets，在从句中做宾语，指物，用连词that/which。故答案为We’ll reach the sales targets in a month that/which we set at the beginning of the year.
58．It is indeed an honor for me to be invited here to deliver a speech on how to improve English.
【详解】考查固定句式it is indeed an honor for sb./sth. to do。分析句意可知，仿写句也包含表示“对某人而言，做...很荣幸”的句型it is indeed an honor for sb./sth. to do；“我很荣幸”可译为it is indeed an honor for me；“受邀”为被动含义，可译为不定式被动语态，即to be invited；“在这里”可译为here；“做关于...的讲座”即“发表关于...的讲座”，且是说话人来这里的目的，可译为不定式短语，即to deliver a speech on；“如何”可译为how；“提高”因为放在特殊疑问词后，意为不定式to improve；“英语”可译为English。故答案为It is indeed an honor for me to be invited here to deliver a speech on how to improve English。
59．International aid is being organized for countries which have been stricken/struck by the hurricane.
【详解】考查定语从句和动词时态。表示“国际援助”应用international aid；表示“组织”应用organize，此处使用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为抽象名词，谓语动词的形式为is being organized；表示“为了”应用for；表示“国家”应用country，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式countries；表示“被飓风袭击的”应用which has been stricken/struck by the hurricane，which指代先行词countries，在定语从句中作主语，从句使用现在完成时的被动语态。故翻译成：International aid is being organized for countries which have been stricken/struck by the hurricane.
60．The faces (that/which) people show to the world often don’t match their real personalities.
【详解】考查句子结构。由句意可知，本句在陈述一般事实，用一般现在时。“人们向世界展示的面孔”这里包含一个定语从句，先行词是“面孔”，表述为the faces，指物，且先行词在从句中作宾语，因而关系词可用that/which引导或省略，表述为the faces (that/which) people show to the world；主句是简单句，主语是the faces，剩余部分“常常和他们的真正人格不相符”表述为often don’t match their real personalities。故整句可译为The faces (that/which) people show to the world often don’t match their real personalities。
61．put…into operation 62．sit back in one’s seat 63．be about to travel along the railway 64．race along steadily 65．in one’s head 66．a massive dragon 67．wind among the mountains 68．travel across the “roof of the world” 69．from all parts of China 70．a record of all of our efforts
【解析】61．开始运营，英文表达为put…into operation，故答案填put…into operation。
62．向后靠向座位，英文表达为sit back in one’s seat，故答案填sit back in one’s seat。
63．即将沿铁路旅行 ，“即将”be about to，“沿铁路旅行”travel along the railway，故答案填be about to travel along the railway。
64．稳稳前行，英文表达为race along steadily，故答案填race along steadily。
65．在某人头脑中，英文表达为in one’s head，故答案填in one’s head。
66．一条巨龙，英文表达为a massive dragon，故答案填a massive dragon。
67．在山间蜿蜒，“蜿蜒”wind ，“在山间”among the mountains，故答案填wind among the mountains。
68．穿越“世界屋脊”，“穿越”travel across，“世界屋脊” the “roof of the world”，故答案填travel across the “roof of the world”。
69．来自祖国各地，英文表达为from all parts of China，故答案填from all parts of China。
70．对我们努力的记录，英文表达为a record of all of our efforts，故答案填a record of all of our efforts。
71．The two pieces of news above tell us something about the harm that two earthquakes which broke out in China did to people’s lives and safety.
It is well known that natural disasters do great harm to people’s body and heart. Some people have suffered a great loss to their belongings, some have become disabled, and some have even lost their lives. In fact, much has been told about what to do in the face of disasters. For example, if you were caught in an earthquake, you should find a small room to hide yourself and you shouldn’t shout loudly but should stay calm to wait for rescue. When caught in a flood, you should find a tall tree or walk onto a higher floor.
We should learn more knowledge about natural disasters and how to keep safe when facing a disaster. Besides, we should try our best to protect the environment so as to prevent or reduce disasters.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于读写任务。要求考生用约30个词概括上文的主要内容，用约120个词根据所给要点谈谈对自然灾害的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
损害：harm→damage
事实上：In fact→As a matter of fact
被困住：be caught in→be trapped in
另外：Besides→In addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, we should try our best to protect the environment so as to prevent or reduce disasters.
拓展句：Besides, we should try our best to protect the environment so that we can prevent or reduce disasters.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The two pieces of news above tell us something about the harm that two earthquakes which broke out in China did to people’s lives and safety. (运用了that和which引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】For example, if you were caught in an earthquake, you should find a small room to hide yourself and you shouldn’t shout loudly but should stay calm to wait for rescue. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
72． as if / though
【详解】考查连词。根据汉语提示“仿佛”为连词as if/though引导的表语从句中的虚拟语气，该句型为固定句型it seemed as if/though。故空1填as，空2填if / though。
73．grateful for the year’s supply of food
【详解】考查短语。be grateful for 对……感恩；supply of sth.某物的供应。根据句意，故填grateful for the year’s supply of food。
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页
一、阅读理解
Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In September,1923,Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shaanxi Province in 1556.It killed almost one million people.
We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA．It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.
The Earth’s crust is made up of rock called plates. As these plates move,they sometimes crash against each other,causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo,where small quakes happen quite often,many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the Earth moves,they move with it.
Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out,which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself. Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many metres high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities. China,Japan,Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence(发生) of earthquakes in the world.
1．The passage is mainly about _______.
A．scientists who study earthquakes
B．a usual natural disaster
C．the way of measuring earthquakes
D．what people should do in earthquakes
2．From the passage,we can know that earthquakes _______.
A．happen all over the world
B．are not serious
C．most possibly happen in Japan
D．don’t cause much damage
3．According to the passage,we know that tsunamis _______.
A．can cause earthquakes
B．can be caused by earthquakes
C．only happen on land
D．are a way of measuring earthquakes
Finding a Job
4．In which job do you need to speak a foreign language
A．Advert A． B．Advert B．
C．Advert C． D．Advert D
5．Which job is suitable for those who are busy during the weekdays
A．A babysitter. B．A newspaper deliverer.
C．Working in a café. D．Working in a museum shop.
6．Who are these job adverts mainly designed for
A．Parents. B．Teenagers.
C．Full-time workers. D．English speakers.
An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at a different speed. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other，pressure(压力)builds up until the plates break apart. This process(过程)causes the ground to move. It is an earth-quake. In other words，earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released(释放).
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property(财产). If it hits a large city，there may be many injuries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. Large earthquakes, such as the 1964 Alaska earthquake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, caused millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years, millions of people have been killed by earthquakes around the world-including over 240,000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.
A60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor. In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.
7．Which of the following is the main idea of the first paragraph
A．An earthquake comes from the inside of the earth.
B．The earth has great energy in storage.
C．How the earth plates move.
D．How an earthquake happens.
8．What does the underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Causing too much heat and great damage.
B．Causing many injuries and much destruction.
C．Happening as a result of another event.
D．Happening suddenly and unexpectedly.
9．By giving the example in Paragraph 4, the author wants to show that ______.
A．an earthquake doesn’t last long B．the damage can last long
C．people in Managua suffered too much D．Nicaragua is still a poor country
二、七选五
How to Deal with Being Indoors During an Earthquake
Would you know what to do if you are indoors during an earthquake _10_
Stay indoors.Do not move outside.Many modern buildings made of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) are designed to withstand moderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe._11_ Going outside is dangerous when people get injured from things falling off the building or other buildings._12_ Drop before the earthquake drops you.Use the “Drop,Cover and Hold” method—drop onto the ground,take cover under a strong and sturdy object and cover your head with your hands and arms.Hold onto whatever you might be underneath,because if it starts to move,you’ll want to make sure that you’re moving with it.
Get under something heavy._13_ If possible,get under something heavy like a desk or table.Cover your head.Get down low and make sure that you are protected from things that might be falling in your home.
Find other supports if you cannot shelter under something.If you’re not able to get under a table or other forms of protection,get next to an interior wall.Make yourself as small as possible.Cover your head and protect yourself while the shaking is going on.
Stay in bed if you are there already.If an earthquake starts while you are in bed,the best thing is to stay there.Cover your head and neck with your pillow and ride out the shaking._14_ It has been reported that people who get out of bed during an earthquake are more likely to be injured as they may step on broken glass.
A．Drop onto the ground.
B．Find a heavy desk quickly.
C．Earthquakes lead to many disasters.
D．Do not get out of bed until the shaking stops.
E．This simple how-to will bring you up to speed quickly.
F．It is unlikely that you will be able to walk during an earthquake.
G．Steps and lifts are actually more dangerous than staying indoors.
三、完形填空
It was very dark outside. The whole building kept ____15____ in the hurricane. The fire alarm went off and rainwater came in from the roof of the ____16____ and dripped (滴) down the walls.
Frankie Randazzo, a restaurant owner, came out of his home at sunrise, after ____17____ the storm with his wife and her dad. Outside, he saw a large ____18____ that fell on the ground narrowly missed his bedroom. Its branches were everywhere.
The scene is a ____19____ sight across Lake Charles and the surrounding towns in southwestern Louisiana in the ____20____ after Hurricane Laura swept through. The storm ____21____ the Gull Coast as a powerful Category 4 storm, one of the ____22____ to have ever hit the region.
For Randazzo, and many other people in America, it was the latest ____23____ in this year. In March, Randazzo had to ____24____ his restaurants because of the pandemic (流行病). He missed all the big ____25____ : St. Patrick’s Day, Mother’s Day. Now comes Hurricane Laura!
“My business was shut down and now my home is ____26____ too,” he sighed. “It’s basically like a(n) ____27____ movie.”
The recovery would be ____28____. The health crisis has already left businesses struggling to ____29____, and tens of thousands of people have been ____30____ across the state. It will be ____31____ for most of the people to find a place to ____32____ during the pandemic.
“However, this storm, or anything else, isn’t going to ____33____ us down. We’re going to ____34____ and we’ll be stronger than we were before.”
15．A．burning B．falling C．growing D．shaking
16．A．restaurant B．house C．cave D．car
17．A．focusing on B．taking control of C．going through D．looking forward to
18．A．tree B．bed C．box D．roof
19．A．familiar B．beautiful C．short D．distant
20．A．afternoon B．morning C．evening D．night
21．A．missed B．left C．landed D．greeted
22．A．earliest B．best C．mildest D．strongest
23．A．vacation B．accident C．move D．disaster
24．A．clean B．close C．buy D．repair
25．A．races B．companies C．holidays D．mistakes
26．A．damaged B．donated C．saved D．sold
27．A．silly B．crazy C．expensive D．unknown
28．A．slow B．impossible C．easy D．acceptable
29．A．lose B．fight C．survive D．follow
30．A．found B．defeated C．protected D．unemployed
31．A．difficult B．cheap C．comfortable D．convenient
32．A．relax B．stay C．recover D．cry
33．A．turn B．write C．send D．knock
34．A．promise B．escape C．rebuild D．investigate
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On September 19,2017, a deadly earthquake ____35____ (hit) Mexico, killing more than 300 people ____36____ destroying many buildings in the nation's capital, Mexico City. In the days that followed, rescue teams went out to search ____37____ people trapped by the earthquake. Among the humans digging through the ruins was a four legged helper ___38___ (name) Frida.
Frida, a rescue dog, was named after Mexican painter Frida Kahlo. She is a sniffer dog (嗅探犬) with the Mexican Navy (海军). She is a ____39____ (value) member of her team, often getting into spaces that humans can't reach. According to the Navy, she has a “sixth sense” for ____40____ (find) humans, and that's unlike any other dog they've ever trained before. ____41____ is her job to sniff out people trapped by natural disasters. Frida has found 52 people after earthquakes and other disasters in Mexico, Haiti and Ecuador, and 12 of ____42____ (they) were found alive and ____43____ (successful) rescued.
Since the Mexican Navy shared a picture of the rescue dog on the Internet, Frida has been considered a hero. Like the rest of rescue _____44_____ (worker), she is a hero to the victims (受害者) and their loved ones.
五、根据首字母填写单词
45．Although we suffer from many serious natural d________, we are sure to overcome all difficulties. （根据首字母单词拼写）
46．In these days of technological change we all s________ from information overload. (根据首字母单词拼写)
47．He was t________in the crashed car and couldn’t move his legs. （根据首字母单词拼写）
六、根据汉语意思填写单词
48．In front of the village runs a river 300 miles in ____________(长度).
49．There was an accident that resulted in the _______ (死亡) of two passengers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50．What he told me has an________ (影响)on me. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
七、根据中英文提示填写单词
51．A_______(帮助) by Winton, 669 children were transported to safety. （根据中英文提示填空）
52．So once it covers an area, it causes a ________ (平静的) period before the storm. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
八、根据所给汉语提示填空
53．Food ________(使他有可能活下来). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
54．Actually, our boss is an honest and reliable person ________ (你可以信赖他). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
55．They ____________________ (被困在) in the cave for 10 days before they were rescued. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
九、句型转换
56．Wujing is one of the best actors. He played a wonderful role in the film-“Wolf Warriors”.(用限制性定语从句改写句子)
Wujing is one of the best actors ________ played a wonderful role in the film-“Wolf Warriors”.
57．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month. We set them at the beginning of the year.（改为定语从句）
________________
十、汉译英（整句）
58．It is indeed an honor for China’s research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the new world.
仿写：我很荣幸受邀在这里做关于如何提高英语的讲座。
____________________________________________
59．国际援助正在为被飓风袭击的国家而组织。（strike，定语从句）（汉译英）
60．人们向世界展示的面孔常常和他们的真正人格不相符。 (P5) （汉译英）
十一、汉译英（单词/短语）
汉译英
61．开始运营 _________
62．向后靠向座位 ________
63．即将沿铁路旅行 __________
64．稳稳前行 _________
65．在某人头脑中 ________
66．一条巨龙 ________
67．在山间蜿蜒 ________
68．穿越“世界屋脊” ________
69．来自祖国各地 ________
70．对我们努力的记录 ________
十二、读写任务
71．阅读下面两则新闻报道，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
News item 1: Rescuers in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province continued searching on Sunday for six workers who went missing when water burst suddenly from a barrier lake formed during the 6.5-magnitude earthquake on Aug.3. The workers were digging tunnels to discharge (排出) lake water on Friday afternoon when the water suddenly broke through and flooded the construction site. The flooding also left another four workers injured, the press office of Zhaotong said on its official microblog.
News item 2: One person died and 324 others were injured after a 6.6-magnitude quake jolted southwest China’s Yunnan Province Tuesday night, according to the local government. The deaths were reported mainly from Jinggu County, where the epicenter (震中) was monitored. A total of 92,700 people in Jinggu were affected and 56,880 of them have been relocated, said an official of the county’s publicity department. After the earthquake, Yunnan has initiated the highest emergency response, sending rescue staff and materials to the affected areas.
【写作内容】
1.用约30个词概括上文的主要内容；
2.用约120个词谈谈你对自然灾害的看法；内容包括：
(1)地震可能给人们带来哪些危害(如身体和精神的伤害等)；
(2)自然灾害发生时人们应该怎么做；
(3)你自己的想法。
【写作要求】
1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
十三、完成句子
72．自然界的万事万物都仿佛在为他哭泣。
It seemed _________ ________ all nature were weeping for him.
73．People celebrate to show that they are ________.
人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了每年在世界各地发生的地震这种常见的自然灾害。
1．主旨大意题。根据本文第一段“Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world.( 世界各地每年都会发生数百次地震。)”以及第二段中“We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale.( 我们用里氏震级来衡量地震的强度。)”以及第三段“The Earth’s crust is made up of rock called plates. As these plates move，they sometimes crash against each other，causing the crust to quake.(地壳是由叫做板块的岩石构成的。当这些板块移动时，它们有时会相互碰撞，导致地壳震动。)”以及第四段中“Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out…Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis(地震也会破坏天然气和石油管道。这会引起火灾……地震的另一个影响是海啸。)”可知，本文介绍了世界各地每年都会发生数百次地震，怎样衡量地震的震级、地震形成的原因以及地震会引起火灾和海啸。因此本文主要是介绍地震这种常见的自然灾害。本文的主旨是“a usual natural disaster(一种常见的自然灾害)”符合题意，故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据本文第一段“Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. ( 世界各地每年都会发生数百次地震。)”以及最后一段中“China，Japan，Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence of earthquakes in the world.(中国、日本、俄罗斯和美国是世界上地震发生率最高的国家。)”可知，世界各地每年都会发生数百次地震，尤其最多的是中国、日本、俄罗斯和美国。因此，从这篇文章里，我们能够了解到地震：A项“happen all over the world(在世界各地发生)”符合题意。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据本文最后一段中“Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea.(地震的另一个影响是海啸。海啸都是海底地震产生的巨浪。)”可知，海底地震产生了巨浪，进而形成了海啸。因此，根据本文，我们可以了解到海啸B项“can be caused by earthquakes(是由地震引起的)”符合题意。故选B项。
4．C 5．C 6．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四则兼职工作的招聘启事。
4．细节理解题。C广告里提到“We need French, Spanish or German speakers to work us…”（我们需要会说法语、西班牙语或德语的人来为我们工作）可知，C广告需要应聘者会说一门外语，故选C。
5．判断推理题。题意为哪种工作适合在工作日繁忙的人，推理得到哪种工作时间为周六和周日。对比四则广告可知只有Working in a café的工作时间为周六早上八点到下午四点，适合题目中提到工作日繁忙的人，故选C。
6．细节理解题。本题可以运用排除法得出。题意为这些工作招聘广告是主要是针对哪些人，A广告和B广告提到了“after school放学后”与“before school上学前”，C广告中的“Holiday jods”,D广告中的“PART-TIME WORK”故可知是针对青少年，而C广告提到了需要会说法语、西班牙语或者德语，所以只说英语是不符合要求的，故排除D选项；而第一二三则广告提到了工作时间的限制，故不适合有全职工作的人，故排除C。四则广告并没有提到要求是针对“父母”的，故排除A。综上最后选B。故选B项。
7．D 8．C 9．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震发生的原因并结合实例说明地震所带来的危害。
7．段落大意题。文章第一段“An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at a different speed. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other,pressure(压力)builds up until the plates break apart. This process(过程)causes the ground to move. It is an earth-quake. In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released(释放).（当两个板块摩擦时就会发生地震。地球板块以不同的方向和速度运动。如果一个板块慢慢地被挤压到另一个板块下面，压力就会增加，直到板块破裂。这个过程导致地面移动。这是地震。换句话说，地震是地球外层岩石作为储存在地球内部的能量的结果而引起的地表震动。岩石中的张力突然释放出来。）”可知本段讲述了地震是如何发生的：地球板块的相互摩擦导致压力不断聚集，直至板块破裂，这个过程会引起地面的移动，地震也随之发生；故选D项。
8．词义猜测题。由下文“In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage.（在1906年的地震中，造成大部分损失的是地震之后引发的火灾。）”本句是对上句的承接，是对上句所述问题进行举例阐述，即地震之后会引发火灾，推知“It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs.”讲述的是“正是在随之产生的火灾和洪水中，往往发生最大的破坏。”故推知划线单词ensuing的意思是“随之产生的”，选项C“Happening as a result of another event（因另一事件而发生）”符合词义；故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“A 60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor. In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.（60秒或更短的地震会造成破坏，并在第一次地震后持续数年。1972年，一系列强烈的地震袭击了尼加拉瓜的马那瓜。15年后，该市的状况仍和当年地震发生一周后一样，因为国家没有足够的资金重建它。）” 本段第一句是主旨句，讲述了地震带来的破坏可能会持续数年，后面拿1972年马那瓜的地震举例，讲述马拉瓜在地震后的15年看起来就像是地震刚发生完一周一样，表明了地震所带来的破坏持续的时间之久，所以作者给出这个例子的目的就是为了表明地震所带来的伤害可以持续很长时间；故选B项。
10．E 11．G 12．A 13．F 14．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了地震时呆在室内该如何应对的建议。
10．根据上一句“Would you know what to do if you are indoors during an earthquake ”（你知道地震时如果你在室内该怎么做吗？）文章以问句开头，同时后文介绍了几个在室内时应对地震的方法，选项E“这个简单的方法会让你快速上手。”符合文意。故选E。
11．根据上一句“Many modern buildings made of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) are designed to withstand moderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe.”（许多现代建筑由RCC(钢筋水泥混凝土)被设计成能够承受中等强度的地震，实际上是相当安全的。）以及下一句“Going outside is dangerous when people get injured from things falling off the building or other buildings.”（当人们被从建筑物或其他建筑物上掉落的东西弄伤时，外出是危险的。）可知，比较之下在地震时呆在室内更安全，选项G“楼梯和电梯实际上比呆在室内更危险。”符合文意。故选G。
12．根据下文“Drop before the earthquake drops you. Use the “Drop, Cover and Hold” method—drop onto the ground, take cover under a strong and sturdy object and cover your head with your hands and arms. ”（在地震将你击倒之前蹲下。使用“蹲下，掩护和抓住”的方法——蹲下，在一个坚固的物体下寻找掩护，用手和胳膊盖住头部。）可知，此处提到采用蹲在地上的方法保护自己，选项A“蹲在地上。”符合文意。故选A。
13．根据下一句“If possible, get under something heavy like a desk or table.”（如果可能的话，躲到像书桌或桌子这样的重物下面。）可知，此处提到地震时不能走路而是应该躲在重物之下保护自己，选项F“地震时你是不可能走路的。”符合文意。故选F。
14．根据下一句“It has been reported that people who get out of bed during an earthquake are more likely to be injured as they may step on broken glass.”（据报道，地震时从床上起来的人更容易受伤，因为他们可能会踩到碎玻璃。）可知，此处建议地震时不要起床走动，因为会踩到碎玻璃，选项D“震动停止前不要起床。”符合文意。故选D。
15．D 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．D 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了疫情之下，台风“劳拉”重袭路易斯安那州，带来极大的损失，尽管如此，餐馆老板Fankie Randazzo对重建家园充满信心。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个建筑物在飓风中不停地摇晃。A.burning燃烧；B.falling坠落；C.growing成长；D.shaking颤抖。根据语境，强劲的飓风经过，导致建筑物摇晃，shaking符合语境，故选D项。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：火警警报响了，雨水从屋顶流了进来，顺着墙滴下来。A.restaurant餐馆；B.house房子；C.cave洞穴；D.car车。根据前一句“The whole building kept ___1___in the hurricane.(整个建筑物在飓风中不停地摇晃。)”可知，雨水从该建筑物屋顶流进来。故选B项。
17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：餐馆老板弗兰基·兰达佐与妻子和她的父亲熬过了暴风雨后，在日出时走出家门。A.focusing on专注于；B.taking control of控制；C.going through经受；D.looking forward to期待。上文“The whole building kept____1___in the hurricane. The fire alarm went off and rainwater came in from the roof of the ___2___ and dripped (滴) down the walls.(整个建筑物在飓风中不停地摇晃。火警警报响了，雨水从屋顶流了进来，顺着墙滴下来)”可知，他们三人昨晚尽管呆在屋里了，还是经受了一次飓风的袭击。故选C项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在外面，他看到一棵大树倒在地上，险些砸在他的卧室。A.tree树；B.bed床；C.box箱；D.roof屋顶。根据下文“Its branches were everywhere.(到处都是树枝)”可知，倒在地上的是一棵大树，故选A项。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：飓风“劳拉”横扫路易斯安那州后的早晨，其西南部的查尔斯湖和周边城镇的景象是熟悉的场景。A.familiar熟悉的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.short短的；D.distant遥远的。根据语境，飓风过境，满目疮痍的场景为大家所熟悉。familiar符合语境，故选A项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：飓风“劳拉”横扫路易斯安那州后的早晨，其西南部的查尔斯湖和周边城镇的景象是熟悉的场景。A.afternoon下午；B.morning上午；C.evening晚上；D.night夜间。根据第二段第一句“Frankie Randazzo, a restaurant owner, came out of his home at sunrise, after___3___the storm with his wife and her dad.(餐馆老板弗兰基·兰达佐与妻子和她的父亲熬过了暴风雨后，在日出时走出家门)”可知，此时为早晨。故选B项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：风暴登陆海鸥海岸时为四级风暴，是该地区有史以来最强的风暴之一。A.missed错过；B.left离开；C.landed着陆；D.greeted欢迎。根据上文“The scene is a ___5___ sight across Lake Charles and the surrounding towns in southwestern Louisiana in the___6___after Hurricane Laura swept through.(飓风‘劳拉’横扫路易斯安那州后的早晨，其西南部的查尔斯湖和周边城镇的景象是熟悉的场景。)”可知，风暴不但登陆（landed）了，还造成了极大的破坏。故选C项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：风暴登陆海鸥海岸时为四级风暴，是该地区有史以来最强的风暴之一。A.earliest最早的；B.best最好的；C.mildest最温和的；D.strongest最强烈的。根据语境可知，“劳拉”重袭路易斯安那州，风暴登陆时为四级风暴，为极度危险等级，这是该地区所遭遇的最强的（strongest）台风之一。故选D项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对兰达佐和在美国的许多其他的人来说，这是今年最近遭遇的灾难。A.vacation假期；B.accident意外；C.move行动；D.disaster灾难。根据下一句“In March, Randazzo had to___10___his restaurants because of the pandemic (流行病). He missed all the big ___11___: St, Patrick’s Day, Mother’s Day. Now comes Hurricane Laura! (今年3月，因为疫情，Randazzo不得不关闭他的餐厅。他错过了所有重要的节日：圣帕特里克节，母亲节)”可知，作为餐馆老板，疫情使他无法开门营业，他还错过了很多重要的节日，现在又遭遇“劳拉”这个破坏力极强的飓风，这一年中多灾多难。disaster符合语境，故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年3月，因为疫情，兰达佐不得不关闭他的餐厅。A.clean清洁；B.close关闭；C.buy购买；D.repair修理。根据下文“My business was shut down and now my home is ___12___too(先是饭店关闭，现在我的房子又被毁了)”可知，疫情期间，餐厅停止营业。close符合语境，故选B项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他错过了所有重要的节日:圣帕特里克节，母亲节。A.races比赛；B.companies公司；C.holidays假期；D.mistakes错误。根据后面的St. Patrick’s Day, Mother’s Day可知，因为疫情，很多聚集性的活动都无法开展，兰达佐错过了重要节日。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“先是饭店被关了，现在房子又被毁了。”兰达佐叹了口气说，“这就像是一部疯狂的电影。”A.damaged损坏；B.donated捐赠；C.saved保存；D.sold出售。根据第一段“The whole building kept ___1___in the hurricane. The fire alarm went off and rainwater came in from the roof of the ___2___ and dripped (滴) down the walls.(整个建筑物在飓风中不停地摇晃。火警警报响了，雨水从屋顶流了进来，顺着墙滴下来。)”可知，飓风之下，兰达佐的屋子的屋顶受损，漏水了。故选A项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“先是饭店被关了，现在房子又被毁了。”兰达佐叹了口气说，“这就像是一部疯狂的电影。”A.silly愚蠢的；B.crazy疯狂的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.unknown未知的。根据语境，一年中，兰达佐遭遇接二连三的倒霉事，在疯狂的电影中才会这样编剧。crazy符合语境，故选B项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：灾区恢复将是缓慢的。A.slow缓慢的；B.impossible不可能的；C.easy容易的；D.acceptable可接受的。根据下文“The health crisis has already left businesses struggling to___15___, and tens of thousands of people have been___16___across the state.(这场健康危机已经让企业难以生存，全州成千上万的人已失业。)”可知，遭遇疫情肆虐，如今飓风重袭，灾区损失严重，人民生活、企业经济方面的恢复工作将会进展缓慢。slow符合语境，故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这场健康危机已经让企业难以生存，全州成千上万的人已失业。A.lose失去；B.fight战斗；C.survive生存；D.follow跟随。根据语境，疫情影响到了企业的运作，企业处于为生存而努力的处境中，但依旧有数万人失业。短语struggle to survive，意为“为生存而挣扎”，survive符合语境，故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这场健康危机已经让企业难以生存，全州成千上万的人已失业。A.found发现；B.defeated击败；C.protected保护；D.unemployed解雇，使……失业。根据语境，企业难以生存，导致数万人失去工作。根据下一句“It will be ___17___ for most of the people to find a place to___18___during the pandemic.(在疫情期间，这些人中的大多数人很难找到暂住的地方)”可知，因为失业，没有经济来源，这些人中很多人找不到住所。unemployed符合语境，故选D项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在疫情期间，这些人中的大多数人很难找到暂住的地方。A.difficult困难的；B.cheap便宜的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.convenient方便的。根据语境，因为失业，因为疫情防控，很多失业的人很难（difficult）找到安身（stay）之所。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在疫情期间，这些人中的大多数人很难找到暂住的地方。A.relax放松；B.stay逗留；C.recover恢复；D.cry哭泣。因为疫情防控，大部分失业者无经济来源，很难找到安身（stay）之所。故选B项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“然而，这场风暴或其他任何事情都不会把我们击倒。”兰达佐说，“我们将重建我们的家园，而且会更加强大。”A.turn转；B.write写；C.send送；D.knock敲门。动词短语knock down，意为“击倒”，灾难不会击倒我们。knock符合语境，故选D项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们要重建，我们要比以前更强大。A.promise承诺；B.escape逃脱；C.rebuild重建；D. investigate调查。根据上文“The recovery would be ___14___.(灾区恢复将是缓慢的)”可见，飓风“劳拉”横扫路易斯安那州，造成了巨大破坏，飓风过后，人们会重建家园，恢复经济。rebuild符合语境，故选C项。
35．hit 36．and 37．for 38．named 39．valuable 40．finding 41．It 42．them 43．successfully 44．workers
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一只叫Frida的狗，在地震等灾难后，有效的救援故事。
35．考查动词时态。句意：2017年9月19日，一场致命的地震袭击了墨西哥，造成300多人死亡，首都墨西哥城的许多建筑物被毁。由句中时间状语“On September 19,2017”可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，hit的过去式是其原形。故填hit。
36．考查连词。句意：2017年9月19日，一场致命的地震袭击了墨西哥，造成300多人死亡，首都墨西哥城的许多建筑物被毁。空格处连接两个并列的动词 ing形式短语作结果状语。故填and。
37．考查介词。句意：在随后的日子里，救援队出动搜寻被地震困住的人们。search for...意为“搜寻……，寻找……”，是动词和介词的固定搭配。故填for。
38．考查过去分词。句意：在人类挖掘废墟的过程中，有一个名叫Frida的四条腿的帮手。动词name“命名”与helper之间是被动关系关系，所以应用其过去分词作后置定语，故填named。
39．考查形容词。句意：她是团队中很有价值的一员，经常进入人类无法触及的领域。根据空格后名词member可知，此处应用value的形容词形式valuable作定语修饰名词。故填valuable。
40．考查动名词。句意：根据海军的说法，她用“第六感”来寻找人类，这不同于他们以前训练过的任何其他狗。根据空格前的介词for可知，此处应填find的动名词形式作介词宾语。故填finding。
41．考查代词。句意：她的工作就是发现那些被自然灾害困住的人们。分析句子可知，句子真正的主语是to sniff out people trapped by natural disasters，空格处应填形式主语it，因位于句首，大写首字母，故填It。
42．考查代词。句意：在墨西哥、海地和厄瓜多尔发生地震和其他灾难后，弗里达发现了52人，其中12人被成功救出，并且还活着。根据空格前的介词of可知，此处应填they的宾格作介词宾语。故填them。
43．考查副词。句意：在墨西哥、海地和厄瓜多尔发生地震和其他灾难后，弗里达发现了52人，其中12人被成功救出，并且还活着。修饰动词rescued应该用successful的副词形式，故填successfully。
44．考查名词复数。句意：像其他救援人员一样，她是受害者和他们所爱的人心中的英雄。worker是可数名词，由the rest of可知，此处应用名词复数。故填workers。
45．disasters
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管我们遭受许多严重的自然灾害，但我们一定会克服一切困难。分析句子可知，此空应填可数名词复数，再根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填disasters，表“灾难”，在本句中作宾语。故填disasters。
46．suffer##uffer
【详解】考查动词。句意：在技术变革的今天，我们都遭受着信息超载的困扰。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词suffer“遭受”，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填suffer。
47．trapped##rapped
【详解】考查动词。句意：他被困在撞车里，双腿动弹不得。根据单词首字母以及句意“被困”可知应填动词trap，与主语构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填trapped。
48．length
【详解】考查名词。句意：村前有一条300英里长的河。根据汉语提示以及空格前的介词in可知，此处填入不可数名词名词length来做介词的宾语。故填length。
49．death
【详解】考查名词。句意：发生了一起事故，导致两名乘客死亡。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“死亡”对应的名词death，作宾语。故填death。
50．effect##influence##impact
【详解】考查名词。句意：他所告诉我的对我有影响。此处涉及固定短语have an effect/influence/impact on“对……有影响”。根据汉语提示，故填effect/influence/impact
51．Aided##ided;Assisted##ssisted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在温顿的帮助下，669名儿童被送往安全地带。根据首字母和句意可知，空处填过去分词Aided/Assisted作状语，与669 children 在逻辑上是被动关系。故填Aided/Assisted。
52．calm
【详解】考查形容词。句意：所以一旦它覆盖了一个区域，它就会在风暴前形成一段平静期。空处需填形容词，用于形容名词period。“平静的”为calm，符合题意。故填calm。
53．made it possible for him to survive
【详解】考查it做形式宾语。“使......”表达为make，“可能的”表达为possible，“活下来”表达为survive，此处“使他有可能活下来”可用it做形式宾语，动词不定式to survive做真正的宾语，且此处陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故填made it possible for him to survive。
54．whom you can rely on/that you can rely on/who you can rely on/you can rely on
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：事实上，我们的老板是一个诚实可靠的人，你可以信赖。根据句意和汉语提示分析句子可知，空格处的部分是定语，修饰前面的名词person，可以用一个限制性定语从句表示；“信赖”可以用短语rely on表示；因为先行词person在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词可以用that/whom/who，且关系代词作宾语可省，故此处关系词可省略。故填whom/ that you can rely on/who you can rely on/you can rely on。
55．had been trapped
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们被困在山洞里10天后才获救。分析句子可知，“被困在”是主句谓语动词，是被动语态，可用be trapped (in)表示，结合句意，“被困在山洞里10天”发生在“they were rescued”之前，是过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态形式had been trapped (in)。故填had been trapped。
56．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：吴京是最好的演员之一，在电影《战狼》中扮演了一个精彩的角色。分析句子结构以及用限制性定语从句改写句子的要求可知，该句可转换为连词that引导的限制性定语从句，先行词Wujing在从句中作主语成分。故填that。
57．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month that/which we set at the beginning of the year.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将在一个月内达到在年初就设定了目标的销售目标。分析句子结构和意思可知，原句的第1个小分句有名词the sales targets，第2个小分句用代词them代替这个名词词组，所以2个小分句可以合成一个定语从句，第1个小分句是主句，第2个小分句是从句，先行词就是the sales targets，在从句中做宾语，指物，用连词that/which。故答案为We’ll reach the sales targets in a month that/which we set at the beginning of the year.
58．It is indeed an honor for me to be invited here to deliver a speech on how to improve English.
【详解】考查固定句式it is indeed an honor for sb./sth. to do。分析句意可知，仿写句也包含表示“对某人而言，做...很荣幸”的句型it is indeed an honor for sb./sth. to do；“我很荣幸”可译为it is indeed an honor for me；“受邀”为被动含义，可译为不定式被动语态，即to be invited；“在这里”可译为here；“做关于...的讲座”即“发表关于...的讲座”，且是说话人来这里的目的，可译为不定式短语，即to deliver a speech on；“如何”可译为how；“提高”因为放在特殊疑问词后，意为不定式to improve；“英语”可译为English。故答案为It is indeed an honor for me to be invited here to deliver a speech on how to improve English。
59．International aid is being organized for countries which have been stricken/struck by the hurricane.
【详解】考查定语从句和动词时态。表示“国际援助”应用international aid；表示“组织”应用organize，此处使用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为抽象名词，谓语动词的形式为is being organized；表示“为了”应用for；表示“国家”应用country，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式countries；表示“被飓风袭击的”应用which has been stricken/struck by the hurricane，which指代先行词countries，在定语从句中作主语，从句使用现在完成时的被动语态。故翻译成：International aid is being organized for countries which have been stricken/struck by the hurricane.
60．The faces (that/which) people show to the world often don’t match their real personalities.
【详解】考查句子结构。由句意可知，本句在陈述一般事实，用一般现在时。“人们向世界展示的面孔”这里包含一个定语从句，先行词是“面孔”，表述为the faces，指物，且先行词在从句中作宾语，因而关系词可用that/which引导或省略，表述为the faces (that/which) people show to the world；主句是简单句，主语是the faces，剩余部分“常常和他们的真正人格不相符”表述为often don’t match their real personalities。故整句可译为The faces (that/which) people show to the world often don’t match their real personalities。
61．put…into operation 62．sit back in one’s seat 63．be about to travel along the railway 64．race along steadily 65．in one’s head 66．a massive dragon 67．wind among the mountains 68．travel across the “roof of the world” 69．from all parts of China 70．a record of all of our efforts
【解析】61．开始运营，英文表达为put…into operation，故答案填put…into operation。
62．向后靠向座位，英文表达为sit back in one’s seat，故答案填sit back in one’s seat。
63．即将沿铁路旅行 ，“即将”be about to，“沿铁路旅行”travel along the railway，故答案填be about to travel along the railway。
64．稳稳前行，英文表达为race along steadily，故答案填race along steadily。
65．在某人头脑中，英文表达为in one’s head，故答案填in one’s head。
66．一条巨龙，英文表达为a massive dragon，故答案填a massive dragon。
67．在山间蜿蜒，“蜿蜒”wind ，“在山间”among the mountains，故答案填wind among the mountains。
68．穿越“世界屋脊”，“穿越”travel across，“世界屋脊” the “roof of the world”，故答案填travel across the “roof of the world”。
69．来自祖国各地，英文表达为from all parts of China，故答案填from all parts of China。
70．对我们努力的记录，英文表达为a record of all of our efforts，故答案填a record of all of our efforts。
71．The two pieces of news above tell us something about the harm that two earthquakes which broke out in China did to people’s lives and safety.
It is well known that natural disasters do great harm to people’s body and heart. Some people have suffered a great loss to their belongings, some have become disabled, and some have even lost their lives. In fact, much has been told about what to do in the face of disasters. For example, if you were caught in an earthquake, you should find a small room to hide yourself and you shouldn’t shout loudly but should stay calm to wait for rescue. When caught in a flood, you should find a tall tree or walk onto a higher floor.
We should learn more knowledge about natural disasters and how to keep safe when facing a disaster. Besides, we should try our best to protect the environment so as to prevent or reduce disasters.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于读写任务。要求考生用约30个词概括上文的主要内容，用约120个词根据所给要点谈谈对自然灾害的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
损害：harm→damage
事实上：In fact→As a matter of fact
被困住：be caught in→be trapped in
另外：Besides→In addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, we should try our best to protect the environment so as to prevent or reduce disasters.
拓展句：Besides, we should try our best to protect the environment so that we can prevent or reduce disasters.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The two pieces of news above tell us something about the harm that two earthquakes which broke out in China did to people’s lives and safety. (运用了that和which引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】For example, if you were caught in an earthquake, you should find a small room to hide yourself and you shouldn’t shout loudly but should stay calm to wait for rescue. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
72． as if / though
【详解】考查连词。根据汉语提示“仿佛”为连词as if/though引导的表语从句中的虚拟语气，该句型为固定句型it seemed as if/though。故空1填as，空2填if / though。
73．grateful for the year’s supply of food
【详解】考查短语。be grateful for 对……感恩；supply of sth.某物的供应。根据句意，故填grateful for the year’s supply of food。
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