人教版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 综合测试（有答案）
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Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 综合测试
一、阅读理解
In habitats across the planet, animals periodically drop everything to walk, fly or swim to a new place. Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.
Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model, and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way. Take the Cory’s shearwater, an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year. The young do not migrate with their parents, so culture cannot explain their journeys. And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual, making genetics equally unlikely.
Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns. Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”, and until now it has been hypothetical (假设的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals’ movements.
But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine. They found that younger birds traveled longer distances, for longer periods, and had more diverse paths than older birds. “We finally have evidence of the ‘exploration-refinement’ for migratory birds,” says Letizia Campioni, who led the study. Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.
Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei. “It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe.”
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about .
A．It describes animals’ habitats. B．It talks about migration models.
C．It compares different species. D．It introduces a tracking technology.
2．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The opening for learning and practice.
B．The unique living habit of Cory’s shearwaters.
C．The way Cory’s shearwaters form their migration patterns.
D．The process scientists track Cory’s shearwaters’ movements.
3．What does Letizia’s study find about the younger Cory’s shearwaters
A．They travel as much as adult birds.
B．They move in a predictable manner.
C．They lower the speed for exploration.
D．They look for a course with their parents.
4．What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A．Man-made changes make migration easier.
B．Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track.
C．Course exploration contributes to birds’ adaptability.
D．A combination of strategies assures migration success.
British scientists have discovered the willow trees planted at an angle could increase sugars for biofuel production.
Willow is a fast-growing species. It is already used to produce fuels for the renewable heating and power market. In future it could also help to produce biofuel to power vehicles. It has been known that when willows growing in the wild are blown sideways, they tend to produce more sugars. But for a while it has not been known why this happens.
Researchers at Imperial College London, led by Dr Nicholas Brereton and Dr Michael Ray of the Department of Life Sciences, have now solved the mystery. When the tree is blown sideways, its genes (基因) produce large numbers of sugar molecules (分子) to straighten the tree upwards.
“This is an important breakthrough. Our study now shows that natural genetic changes are related to these differences. And this could well be the key to unlocking the future for green energy from willow,” said Dr Brereton.
The research was carried out under lab conditions. The willows were grown at an angle of 45 degrees. They were compared to willows which grow naturally straight upwards. The team then looked for the same effect among the willows growing on the Isle of Orkney where strong winds cause the trees to bend at extreme angles. They discovered that the Orkney trees produce five times the amount of sugars found in willows grown in sheltered conditions.
Willow is widely planted across the UK. The results show that biofuel crops such as willows could be grown in climatically changeable conditions where chances of growing food crops are limited.
The study is published in Biotechnology for Biofuels.
5．What may happen when willows are planted in strong winds
A．They stop growing. B．Few sugars are produced.
C．They try to grow sideways. D．Changes in genes take place.
6．The Orkney willows ________.
A．are unusually rich in sugars B．grow naturally straight upward
C．look taller than ordinary willows D．are stronger than those growing in labs
7．Farmers living in changeable climate _______.
A．use biofuel for heating and power B．are encouraged to grow biofuel crops
C．can plant different kinds of food crops D．should make their willows grow straight
8．Where does this passage most probably come from
A．A personal diary. B．A travel magazine.
C．A scientific journal. D．A newspaper advertisement.
Thousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. But all this has changed. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to sixty-five million. Three-quarters of Britain consists of fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. Now, the United Kingdom does not have large wild carnivores (肉食动物). In Scotland, there are only 400 wildcats-Europe's rarest cats-but these are much smaller than wolves.
Some people would like to change things, however! Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the United Kingdom before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the United Kingdom should be helped to return and live wild. They call this "rewilding".
Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees which originally grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more - but wild animals Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. So far, there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests - but soon there might be!
9．Which fact directly causes fewer birds living in the British countryside now
A．The increasing population of the UK.
B．Too many fields, towns or cities.
C．The modern ways of farming.
D．Too much hunting.
10．Which of the following statements is wrong
A．No large wild camivores live in the UK at present.
B．Many animals died out and forests were destroyed in the UK.
C．At least one million trees native to Scotland have been planted.
D．So far, no animals have been sent to the wild, except wolves and bears.
11．Why are some people against "rewilding"
A．Introducing large animals to the wild will destroy the newly planted trees.
B．Introducing large animals to the wild will do harm to people.
C．Introducing large animals to the wild needs too much effort.
D．Introducing large animals to the wild will cost a lot of money.
二、七选五
When your child begins to beg for a pet, you may draw back at the thought of the additional responsibilities. Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about. ____12____
● Teach responsibility.
A family pet can help show children the importance of proper care in keeping their new friend happy and healthy.____13____ Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not.
● Encourage exercise.
If you’ve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be!____14____ By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives.
____15____
Teaching your child how to “play nice” with and show affection to another living being is an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy (共情) for others. Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.
● Be practical.
While the benefits of pet ownership are clear, pets are definitely not for everybody. Raising pets requires a large amount of work and responsibility. You’d better make sure the whole family is aware of the requirement that come along with the pet. ____16____ It’s best to introduce the potential pet to your child before bringing him or her home to ensure that there is a healthy connection.
A．Treat others well.
B．Form a close bond with a friend.
C．Pets are great for helping "“break the ice”.
D．But you can use the pet’s energy to your advantage.
E．Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children.
F．All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.
G．However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons.
三、完形填空
Last winter we had to put our two dogs, which accompanied us for a long time, and couldn’t live along because of old age, to sleep. The house felt so ____17____ but we weren’t ready for a new dog. Instead, we ____18____ two cats. Then a few weeks ago one of our cats never came back home and the house was now too ____19____ . My husband, who’s a ____20____ vet with PTSD (创伤后应激障碍) and other issues, saw a dog up for ____21____ at a local shelter. The ____22____ read, “ good with cats. ” So we made an ____23____ to meet her. Later we ____24____ she came from an abusive home and was ____25____ afraid of men. Her trainer had _____26_____ her all year to get her to a point where she was even adoptable. After an hour with the trainer, we got to _____27_____ her. It was love at first _____28_____ and she even let my husband pet her.
We took her home. She’s a little scared and shy but is warming up to her new _____29_____ of humans and cats. That night we also _____30_____ that we adopted her exactly 8 years after our Husky died. Her name is karma.
All week we’ve been walking around the house and property _____31_____ saying “ good karma ” to reassure her. It makes me smile and so I just really feel like sharing it with you.
17．A．small B．hot C．empty D．new
18．A．raised B．watched C．abandoned D．sent
19．A．old B．broken C．high D．lifeless
20．A．strong B．disabled C．wise D．healthy
21．A．adoption B．cure C．operation D．experiment
22．A．book B．letter C．description D．news
23．A．appointment B．error C．offer D．excuse
24．A．made sure B．took seriously C．sorted through D．figured out
25．A．scarcely B．especially C．possibly D．purposely
26．A．punished B．treated C．accompanied D．observed
27．A．phone B．meet C．judge D．treasure
28．A．entrance B．spots C．stages D．sight
29．A．pack B．owner C．neighbor D．relative
30．A．denied B．worried C．realized D．doubted
31．A．immediately B．constantly C．willingly D．quickly
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
With fewer than 2, 000 giant pandas left in the wild, the sighting of one of the lovely animals is a cause for ____32____ (celebrate). However, the one recently spotted walking through a bamboo forest in China’s Sichuan Province is even more so, ____33____ (consider) that it is the worlds first known all-white panda!
It ____34____ (spot) by an infrared (红外线的) camera set up to monitor the wildlife in the Wolong National Nature Reserve on May 25, 2019, ____35____ is also home to China’s first giant panda breeding and research center. Wolong officials estimate the panda, whose sex is hard ____36____ (determine) from the photo, is between one and two years old.
__37__ is generally believed that the giant pandas unique black and white coloring allows it to blend in with the snow during winter or to hide in the shade during summer. Some ____38____ (scientist) also believe the dark circles around the eyes help the panda bears recognize each other. ____39____ (lucky), the lack of markings does not seem to have affected the all-white panda so far.
The researchers say albino (白化病) animals are rare in general. That’s because it can only happen if both parents carry the gene. With so few specimens of panda bears left in the world, the possibility of that happening is almost next ____40____ impossible. Researchers believe if its offspring can be photographed, it will be ____41____ (value) for further research.
五、根据首字母填写单词
42．Measures have been taken to prevent this kind of rare animal from e________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
43．These large animals are being killed i________ for their body parts that are considered valuable. （根据首字母单词拼写）
44．To her great joy，she passed her driving test at the first a________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
六、根据汉语意思填写单词
45．We should be able to sell the house at a ________ (利益). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
46．As civilized citizens, we should be ________ (有……意识的) of environmental protection. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47．More and more people have become __________ (关心的) about the environment. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
七、根据中英文提示填写单词
48．I bought this shirt because the price was r______ (减少) from 20 to 12. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
49．They laid eggs too and e________ (存在) on the earth for more than 140 million years. （根据中英文提示填空）
八、根据所给汉语提示填空
50．The animated version of The Three-Body Problem, which ____________________(改编自畅销科幻小说，adapt), met mixed responses from the audience since its release in December. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
51．________ ________(搜索) the person of excellent ability to improve the education quality is our top priority. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
52．The children are finding it hard to ________ ________ (适应) the new school. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
九、句型转换
53．With the development of industrialization, the factories have polluted the environment. (用现在完成时的被动语态完成句型转换)
With the development of industrialization, the environment ________________________ by the factories.
54．Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel that we have changed the topic. (用现在完成时的被动语态完成句型转换)
Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel that the topic ________________________.
十、汉译英（整句）
55．今天的作业容易做，因此迈克很快完成作业出去玩了。（汉译英）
56．你认为中国的熊猫正处在危险中吗？(in danger)
57．未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。（汉译英）
十一、汉译英（单词/短语）
汉译英
58．根除外来物种 ________
59．实行一个三年的项目 _________
60．被偶然带到岛上 ________
61．威胁本土物种 ________
62．控制住大火 ________
63．在极端条件下搏斗 ________
64．对生态和灾难管理感兴趣 ________
65．看待/处理一些最紧急的问题 ________
66．特别专注于…… _________
67．抗击全球变暖 ________
68．对……做出回应 ________
69．与……奋战 ________
70．摆脱病毒 ________
71．阻止……变糟 ________
十二、读写任务
72．In the wild, lions tend to pick on the animals that are weak, old, sick or hurt. Even with the strength of their numbers they will go after the easy prey (捕猎).
The lions picked their prey of choice for this poor Gazelle. The Gazelle, surrounded by lions, looks as if she were crying when the camera closed up on her face.
The lions were faster than the Gazelle, and my goodness they were smart. When the lions got close enough to the Gazelle, even while running at speed, they would trip the running animal.
This Gazelle was moving. When pressure came from a different angle she changed directions. When she could feel the breath of the lions on her neck she changed direction. When they tried to trip her, stop her, trick her, block her, she changed direction. She ran until they stopped chasing after her. It was pointless to the lions. This Gazelle had purpose. She was running for her life.
I do not care what, who, when, where, or how often life tries to take you down a path you have not intended to go. If you feel the pressure and things are not going the way they should, change direction.
[写作内容]
1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：
(1)结合文章信息，简要分析适时改变方向的必要性；
(2)结合实际，谈谈你的理解和得到的启示。
[写作要求]
1. 发表观点时必须提供理由或论据；
2. 阐述观点或提供论据或叙述经历时，不能直接引用原文语句；
3. 作文中不能出现真实的姓名和学习名称；
4. 不必写标题。
[评分标准]
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
_________________________________________________
十三、完成句子
73．正在为他们准备一间旅馆客房。
A hotel room ________________ for them.
74．He had to brake hard to __________________________.
他不得不踩刹车来避免撞到那只鹿。
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对科里海鸥迁徙的模式的研究。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.(像鲸鱼和大雁这样的野生动物通过跟随父母学习迁徙路线。其他鸟类，包括小型鸣禽，在它们的遗传密码中获得了迁徙的距离和方向。一些动物利用遗传和文化的结合来指导它们的迁移)”可知，本段主要讲述动物迁徙的模式。故选B项。
2．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns.(科里海鸥的寿命很长，很少能在九岁之前成功产下幼崽。这为学习和实践发展它们的迁移模式提供了机会)”和“Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”(研究人员称之为“探索-精炼”)”可知，此处指研究人员称这种模式为“探索-精炼”，第三段中划线的this指代的是科里海鸥形成迁徙模式的方式。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.(年轻的科里海鸥能够和成年海鸥一样快地飞行，但它们没有，这表明年轻的科里海鸥会进行更多的探索，随着它们成熟并确定了自己喜欢的路线，这种探索逐渐消失)”可知，莱蒂齐亚的研究发现小科里海鸥为了探索降低了它们的飞行速度。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei.(芭芭拉·弗雷说：“尽管它看起来比其他策略效率低，但在一个由于不可预测的人为变化而迅速变化的世界中，探索精炼可能对鸟类和其他生物有益”)”推知，路线探索有助于鸟类的适应能力。故选C项。
5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When the tree is blown sideways, its genes (基因) produce large numbers of sugar molecules (分子) to straighten the tree upwards.”及“Our study now shows that natural genetic changes are related to these differences.”可知，当杨柳被吹倾斜时，它的基因会产生大量的糖分子，使树向上伸直，也就是在大风中种植杨柳的基因会发生变化，故D项正确。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They discovered that the Orkney trees produce five times the amount of sugars found in willows grown in sheltered conditions.”可知，奥克尼柳树生产的糖分是在遮风挡雨条件下生长的柳树的五倍，也就是非常富含糖分，故A项正确。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The results show that biofuel crops such as willows could be grown in climatically changeable conditions where chances of growing food crops are limited”可知，结果表明，生物燃料科作物可以在气候多变、粮食作物生长机会有限的条件下种植，由此可知，生活在气候多变地区的农民被鼓励种植燃料科作物，故B项正确。
8．文章出处题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分，属于科学研究范畴，最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故C项正确。
【点睛】文章出处题需要根据文章话题来判断文章来源，因此抓住文章主题句是关键，科普说明文的特点是开篇就点明主题，根据第一段“British scientists have discovered the willow trees planted at an angle could increase sugars for biofuel production.”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分，属于科学研究范畴，最有可能出现在科学杂志上。
9．C 10．D 11．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。由于人口的增加，尤其是现代化的农业生产方式，使野生动物正在英国消失。现在开始有人提倡“重新野化”，重新栽植以前存在过的树木，甚至引入一些大型野生动物，比如狼和熊，但有人对引进这些野生动物表示怀疑。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before.可知，尽管英国25%的土地是田野，但是新的农业生产方式意味着生活在田野里的鸟类和小动物比以前更少了。由此可知现代化的农业生产方式直接导致了现在英国乡下的鸟类更少了。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段So far, there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests - but soon there might be!可知，到目前为止英国的森林里还没有狼和狗熊，所以D项表述错误。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans.可知，有些人担心狼将会攻击人类。由此可以推断出一些人反对向野外引入大型动物，担心会伤害到人类，故选B。
12．G 13．F 14．D 15．A 16．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了养宠物给孩子们带来的益处。
12．设空句在第一段段末，应是具有承前启后的作用。结合前文“Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about.(父母通常会考虑养宠物可能带来的所有工作和责任。)”可知，主题为“允许孩子饲养宠物”，且后文“Teach responsibility.(教导责任。)”，“Encourage exercise.(鼓励锻炼。)”则讲到了允许孩子饲养宠物的好处，因此，设空句既要包含主题，也要对后文起到引领的作用。选项G“However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons.(然而，让孩子们养宠物可以给你们俩上一些重要的课。)”贴合主题，与前文构成转折关系，在句意上也引领了后文，符合分析。故选G项。
13．根据后文“Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not.(让你的孩子帮助满足这些需求，让他们有责任感，无论他们当天是否愿意。)”中提及的“these needs”可推知，设空句应是提及了宠物们的需求。选项F“All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.(所有的宠物都需要喂食、饮用淡水和定期锻炼。)”阐述了具体的需求，且“need”符合词汇复现原则。故选F项。
14．前文“If you’ve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be!(如果你曾经被迫跟上一只年幼的狗或猫，你就知道这有多累!)”提及“你”已经知道饲养宠物的劳累，后文“By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives.(通过鼓励你的孩子和他或她的宠物一起玩耍，他们两个都会得到所需的锻炼，从而睡得安稳，过上健康快乐的生活。)”则讲到“你”可以利用这种“劳累”和“锻炼”帮助孩子睡得好，且保持健康和快乐，由此可推知，设空句应是转折句。选项D“But you can use the pet’s energy to your advantage.(但你可以利用宠物的能量)”为转折句，在句意上“advantage”呼应后文“sleep sound and live healthy and happy lives”，符合分析。故选D项。
15．设空为该段小标题，应是主旨句。根据后文关键词“an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy for others(这是培养终身对他人的同理心必不可少的第一步)”，“Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.(学习如何与宠物成为好朋友，也会教会一个人如何对他人更加开放和友好。)”可知，该部分主要强调了饲养宠物有助于帮助孩子友好对待他人。选项A“Treat others well.(善待他人。)”贴合该段主旨。故选A项。
16．根据该段小标题“Be practical.(实事求是。)”可知，该段强调饲养宠物的客观事实，因此，设空句应涉及“事实”，且对比前文讲到的好处，那么设空句应讲到“不好”。选项E“Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children.(此外，一些宠物对孩子也很有攻击性。)”讲述了宠物有可能具有攻击性这一事实，符合分析。故选E项。
17．C 18．A 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家领养一只被遗弃狗的经历。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：房子里空荡荡的，但我们还没准备好养一条新狗。A. small小的；B. hot热的；C. empty空的；D. new新的。根据前文“we had to put our two dogs, which accompanied us for a long time, and couldn’t live along because of old age, to sleep”可知，作者家的两只狗都太老了，于是作者让它们安息了，所以，现在房子里感觉空荡荡的（empty）。故选C。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们养了两只猫。A. raised养育；B. watched观看；C. abandoned遗弃；D. sen送。根据空前的“we weren’t ready for a new dog. Instead,”可知，作者没有再养一只狗，而是养（raised）了两只猫。故选A。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个星期前，我们的一只猫再也没有回家，房子也没有了生气。A. old旧的；B. broken破碎的；C. high高的；D. lifeles无生气的。从空前的“one of our cats never came back home and the house was now too…”可知，一只猫走后没再回来，现在房子里没有生机（lifeless）了。故选D。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫是个残疾的兽医，患有创伤后应激障碍和其他疾病，他在当地的收容所看到一只狗需要被领养。A. strong强壮的；B. disabled残疾的；C. wise明智的；D. healthy健康的。结合空后的“with PTSD and other issues”可知，作者的丈夫是一位患有多项疾病的残疾（disabled）兽医。故选B。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫是个残疾的兽医，患有创伤后应激障碍和其他疾病，他在当地的收容所看到一只狗需要被领养。A. adoption收养；B. cure治愈；C. operation手术；D. experiment实验。从下文“she was even adoptable”可知，作者的丈夫看到一只狗需要被收养（adoption）。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述写的是“和猫相处得很好”。A. book书；B. letter信；C. description描述；D. news新闻。根据空后的“good with cats.”可知，这是对这只狗的描述（description）上说的。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我们约了她见面。A. appointment约会；B. error错误；C. offer提供；报价；D. excuse借口。联系空后的“to meet her”可知，作者约定了时间（appointment）去见见这只小狗。故选A。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来我们发现她来自虐待家庭，特别害怕人。A. made sure确保；B. took seriously认真对待；C. sorted through分类；整理；D. figured ou弄清楚；解决出。结合空后的“she came from an abusive home”可知，这是作者后来弄清楚（figured out）的事情。故选D。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来我们发现她来自虐待家庭，特别害怕人。A. scarcely勉强，几乎不；B. especially尤其，特别；C. possibly可能；D. purposel故意地，蓄意地。从空前的讲述以及空后的“afraid of men”可知，狗之前受主人虐待过，所以特别（especially）害怕人。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的驯兽师陪了她一整年，让她到了可以被收养的地步。A. punished惩罚；B. treated对待；C. accompanied陪伴；D. observed观察。依据常识及空后的“all year to get her to a point where she was even adoptable”可知，驯兽师陪伴（accompanied）了这只狗一整年。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和驯兽师待了一个小时后，我们见到了这只狗。A. phone打电话；B. meet见面；C. judge判断；D. treasur珍爱；珍惜。根据空前的“After an hour with the trainer”可知，跟驯兽师交谈了一个小时后，作者去见（meet）这只狗。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一见钟情，她甚至让我丈夫抚摸她。A. entrance入口；B. spots场所；C. stages舞台；D. sight看见。联系空前的“love at first”可知，它对于作者一家是一见（sight）钟情，at first sight是固定搭配，意为“乍一看”。故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有点害怕和害羞，但是正在适应新的人类和猫科动物。A. pack群，帮；B. owner主人；C. neighbor邻居；D. relativ亲戚。根据空后的“of humans and cats”可知，这只狗正在适应新的族群——人类和猫。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上我们也意识到，我们收养她正好是在我们的爱斯基摩犬死后8年。A. denied否认；B. worried担心；C. realized意识到；D. doubted怀疑。空后的“we adopted her exactly 8 years after our Husky died”是作者意识到（realized）的情况。故选C。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：整整一个星期，我们都在房子和房产周围走来走去，不停地说“好karma”来安慰她。A. immediately立即；B. constantly总是，经常地；C. willingly欣然地，愿意地；D. quickly快速地。从空前的“All week we’ve been walking around the house and property”可知，一周来作者夫妇一直不断地（constantly）喊狗的名字，使她安心。故选B。
32．celebration 33．considering 34．was spotted 35．which 36．to determine 37．It 38．scientists 39．Luckily 40．to 41．valuable
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上已知的第一只纯白色大熊猫以及它的发现经过，研究人员说，白化病动物在一般情况下是罕见的。如果它的后代能够被拍摄下来，将对进一步的研究有价值。
32．考查名词。句意：在野生大熊猫数量不到2000只的情况下，看到这种可爱的动物是值得庆祝的事情。for为介词后跟名词做宾语，故填celebration。
33．考查固定短语。句意：然而，最近在中国四川省竹林里看到的那只大熊猫更是如此，因为它是世界上已知的第一只纯白色大熊猫!固定短语considering that“鉴于；考虑到……”，故填considering。
34．考查动词时态语态。句意：2019年5月25日，监控卧龙国家级自然保护区野生动物的红外摄像机发现了这只大熊猫，卧龙也是中国首个大熊猫繁育和研究中心所在地。本句中主语与谓语动词为被动关系，且时间为2019年5月25日，应用一般过去时，主语为it谓语动词用单数。故填was spotted。
35．考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。本句为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Wolong National Nature Reserve，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which。
36．考查固定短语。句意：卧龙官员估计，这只熊猫的性别很难从照片中确定，年龄在1到2岁之间。固定短语hard to do sth.“难以做某事”，故填to determine。
37．考查固定句式。句意：人们普遍认为，大熊猫独特的黑白颜色使它能够在冬天与雪融为一体，或在夏天躲在阴凉处。固定句式It is generally believed that…“普遍认为……”，故填It。
38．考查名词的数。句意：一些科学家还认为，熊猫眼睛周围的黑眼圈有助于它们相互识别。scientist为可数名词，由some修饰应用复数形式，故填scientists。
39．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，到目前为止，这种全白的熊猫身上没有斑纹。修饰下文整个句子应用副词，故填Luckily。
40．考查固定短语。句意：由于世界上现存的大熊猫标本如此之少，这种情况发生的可能性几乎是不可能的。固定短语next to“几乎；差不多”，故填to。
41．考查形容词。句意：研究人员认为，如果它的后代能够被拍摄下来，将对进一步的研究有价值。根据上文it will be可知应填形容词作表语，故填valuable。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)
(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)
(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)
如第四小题，本句为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Wolong National Nature Reserve，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which。
42．extinction##xtinction
【详解】考查名词。句意：已采取措施防止这种稀有动物灭绝。根据句意和首字母，设空处应填名词extinction，意为“灭绝，消亡”，作from的宾语，且为不可数名词。故填extinction。
43．illegally##llegally
【详解】考查副词。句意：这些大型动物被非法杀害，因为它们的身体部位被认为是有价值的。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填副词illegally，作状语，修饰动词killed。故填illegally。
44．attempt.
【详解】考查名词。句意：她第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试，这使她非常高兴。根据“To her great joy”可知，她第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试。根据首字母可知，此处应用固定搭配at the first attempt，意为“第一次尝试”。故填attempt。
45．profit
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该能以盈利的价格出售这所房子。根据句意以及汉语提示，空处应用名词profit，表示“利益”，作介词at的宾语，构成短语at a profit，表示“获利”。故填profit。
46．aware
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为文明公民，我们应该有保护环境的意识。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词aware，作表语。故填aware。
47．concerned
【详解】考查形容词。句意：已经越来越多的人开始关心环境问题。 根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处用形容词concerned(关心的)作系动词become的表语。故填concerned。
48．reduced##educed
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：我买这件衬衫是因为价格从20英镑降到了12英镑。根据汉语及首字母提示，可知为reduce。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的逻辑主语the price之间是逻辑的被动关系；根据was,可知句子的时态为一般过去时，故设空处为一般过去时的被动语态。故填reduced。
49．existed##xisted
【详解】考查动词。句意：它们也下蛋，而且在地球上生存了超过1.4亿年。“存在”应用动词exist在and后面的句子中作谓语，由laid可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填existed。
50．was adapted from a best-selling science fiction novel
【详解】考查句意，主谓一致，动词时态和语态。句意：动画版《三体》改编自畅销科幻小说，自去年12月上映以来，观众的反应褒贬不一。根据句意和中英文提示可知，空格处应填“改编自畅销科幻小说”并使用动词“adapt”。be adapted from“根据……改编”，逗号后为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The animated version of The Three-Body Problem，故从句谓语动词应使用单数形式。结合下文时态，此处时态应该使用一般过去时。故填was adapted from a best-selling science fiction novel。
51． Searching for
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：寻找优秀的人才，提高教育质量是我们的首要任务。根据汉语提示可知短语为search for，作主语应用动名词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Searching for。
52． adapt to
【详解】考查短语。句意：孩子们发现很难适应新学校。adapt to适应。不定式to后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填adapt to。
53．has been polluted
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：随着工业化的发展，工厂污染了环境。现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been done，动作的承受者主语the environment是单数第三人称，主谓一致。故填has been polluted。
54．has been changed.
【详解】考查语态。句意：虽然我们不知道讨论的是什么，但我们可以感觉到我们已经改变了话题。原句中，we have changed the topic，为现在完成时态，谓语动词为及物动词change。根据要求，拓展句应用现在完成时的被动语态，被动结构为have/has been done。主语为 the topic，为第三人称单数，故助动词用has，谓语动词为has been changed。故填has been changed。
55．Today’ s homework was easy to do, so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
【详解】考查名词、形容词和动词。表示“作业”应用名词homework；表示“容易”应用形容词easy，作表语，be easy to do sth“ 容易做某事”，表示“完成”应用动词finish；表示“出去”应用动词短语go out。描述已发生的事情，时态是一般过去时。故翻译为Today’s homework was easy to do, so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play。
56．Do you think the pandas in China are in danger/are being endangered
【详解】考查时态，语态和宾语从句。本句为一般疑问句，用一般现在时，think后接省略that引导的宾语从句，从句主语the pandas in China，从句系动词are，从句表语in danger (正处于危险中)，故翻译为：Do you think the pandas in China are in danger ；或本句为一般疑问句，think后接省略that引导的宾语从句，从句主语the pandas in China和从句谓语动词endanger (危及)是被动关系，结合句意“正处在危险中”，表现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时的被动语态，从句谓语are being endangered，故翻译为Do you think the pandas in China are being endangered 故答案为： Do you think the pandas in China are in danger/are being endangered
57．It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without permission.
【详解】考查句子结构。本句的主语是“未经允许看别人的私人信件”，用不定式“to read people’s private letters without permission”表述，由it作形式主语，本句在陈述一般事实，因而用一般现在时，系表结构“is illegal”表示“是不合法的”。故整句可译为It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without permission。
【点睛】
58．eliminate introduced species 59．implement a three-year programme to do… 60．be accidentally introduced to the island 61．threaten the survival of local species 62．bring the blaze under control 63．battle in fierce conditions 64．(be) interested in ecosystem and disaster management 65．look at some of the most urgent problems 66．have a special focus on… 67．fight against global warming 68．respond to sth. 69．wrestle with sth. 70．get rid of the virus
71．stop sth. from worsening
【解析】58．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示提示“排除外来物种”可知，短语为“eliminate introduced species”。此处introduced为非谓语动词作前置定语，表示“外来的”。故填eliminate introduced species。
59．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“实行一个三年的项目”可知，短语为“implement a three-year programme to do…”。此处a three-year是形容词作用，修饰programme，要注意使用连字符以及year此处不能用于复数。故填implement a three-year programme to do…。
60．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“被偶然带到岛上”可知，短语为“be introduced to…”，“偶然”修饰动词introduced，应使用副词形式。故填be accidentally introduced to the island。
61．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“威胁本土物种”可知，短语为“threaten the survival of local species”，此处local 用于修饰名词“species”，作定语。故填threaten the survival of local species。
62．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“控制住大火”可知，短语为“bring sth. under control”,故填bring the blaze under control。
63．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“在极端条件下搏斗”可知，短语为“in... conditions”表示…在控制之下。故填battle in fierce conditions。
64．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“对生态和灾难管理感兴趣”可知，短语为“be interested in sth”表示对某物感兴趣。故填(be) interested in ecosystem and disaster management。
65．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“看待/处理一些最紧急的问题”可知，短语为“look at sth.”,形容词urgent的最高级形式应在形容词前加the most修饰。故填look at some of the most urgent problems。
66．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“特别专注于……”可知，短语为have a special focus on…，此处special为形容词修饰名词focus。故填have a special focus on…。
67．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“抗击全球变暖”可知，短语为“fight against global warming”，此处against表示与……对抗。故填fight against global warming。
68．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“对…做出回应”可知，短语为respond to sth.，此处respond为不及物动词，接宾语时需使用介词to，故填respond to sth.。
69．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“与…奋战”可知，短语为wrestle with sth.，此处with表示“与”。故填wrestle with sth.。
70．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“摆脱病毒”可知，短语为“get rid of表示“摆脱”，故填get rid of the virus。
71．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“阻止……变糟”可知，短语为stop sth from doing sth.表示“阻止某物做某事”。此处from是介词后接动词时，应使用动名词的形式。故填stop sth. from worsening。
72．What the passage conveys is that we should change direction flexibly while going through challenges and even dangers in our life, which is of significance to our development and success.
It is necessary for us to change direction at the right moment. Following the wrong path stubbornly, we may waste a lot of time and energy, with which we could otherwise achieve a lot. More importantly, we may lose some precious opportunities in life if we don’t adapt ourselves to different situations in time.
In our daily life, there are many cases like what Gazelle experienced, in which we suffer failures because we haven’t changed direction in time. For instance, if we analyze some very difficult problems from different angles in our study, we can solve them more easily. Therefore, to run for my life I will change direction when I’m stuck in the things life throws at me.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于读写任务。文章主要讲的是自然界中狮子与瞪羚的生存状态，瞪羚在被狮子围追堵截时，瞪羚不断改变自己的方向直到狮子不再追它，瞪羚在自然界的生存法则告诉我们：当在生活中感受到压力和事情不往正确的方向发展时，适当改变自己的方向。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：convey→express
实现：achieve→realize
更重要的是：more importantly→what’s more
例如：for instance→for example
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It is necessary for us to change direction at the right moment.
拓展句：It is necessary that we should change our direction at the right moment.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What the passage conveys is that we should change direction flexibly while going through challenges and even dangers in our life, which is of significance to our development and success. (运用了What引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Following the wrong path stubbornly, we may waste a lot of time and energy, with which we could otherwise achieve a lot. (运用了现在分词作状语和“介词（with）+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
73．is being prepared
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。根据“正在”可知，此处应用现在进行时态。表示“准备”应用动词prepare，主语a hotel room与prepare构成被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填is being prepared。
74．avoid hitting the deer
【详解】考查动词短语。固定短语avoid doing sth意为：避免做某事，故“避免撞到那只鹿”可译为：avoid hitting the deer；根据空前“to”可知，应用动词原形，为动词不定式作目的状语。故答案为：avoid hitting the deer。
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页
一、阅读理解
In habitats across the planet, animals periodically drop everything to walk, fly or swim to a new place. Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.
Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model, and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way. Take the Cory’s shearwater, an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year. The young do not migrate with their parents, so culture cannot explain their journeys. And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual, making genetics equally unlikely.
Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns. Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”, and until now it has been hypothetical (假设的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals’ movements.
But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine. They found that younger birds traveled longer distances, for longer periods, and had more diverse paths than older birds. “We finally have evidence of the ‘exploration-refinement’ for migratory birds,” says Letizia Campioni, who led the study. Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.
Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei. “It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe.”
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about .
A．It describes animals’ habitats. B．It talks about migration models.
C．It compares different species. D．It introduces a tracking technology.
2．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The opening for learning and practice.
B．The unique living habit of Cory’s shearwaters.
C．The way Cory’s shearwaters form their migration patterns.
D．The process scientists track Cory’s shearwaters’ movements.
3．What does Letizia’s study find about the younger Cory’s shearwaters
A．They travel as much as adult birds.
B．They move in a predictable manner.
C．They lower the speed for exploration.
D．They look for a course with their parents.
4．What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A．Man-made changes make migration easier.
B．Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track.
C．Course exploration contributes to birds’ adaptability.
D．A combination of strategies assures migration success.
British scientists have discovered the willow trees planted at an angle could increase sugars for biofuel production.
Willow is a fast-growing species. It is already used to produce fuels for the renewable heating and power market. In future it could also help to produce biofuel to power vehicles. It has been known that when willows growing in the wild are blown sideways, they tend to produce more sugars. But for a while it has not been known why this happens.
Researchers at Imperial College London, led by Dr Nicholas Brereton and Dr Michael Ray of the Department of Life Sciences, have now solved the mystery. When the tree is blown sideways, its genes (基因) produce large numbers of sugar molecules (分子) to straighten the tree upwards.
“This is an important breakthrough. Our study now shows that natural genetic changes are related to these differences. And this could well be the key to unlocking the future for green energy from willow,” said Dr Brereton.
The research was carried out under lab conditions. The willows were grown at an angle of 45 degrees. They were compared to willows which grow naturally straight upwards. The team then looked for the same effect among the willows growing on the Isle of Orkney where strong winds cause the trees to bend at extreme angles. They discovered that the Orkney trees produce five times the amount of sugars found in willows grown in sheltered conditions.
Willow is widely planted across the UK. The results show that biofuel crops such as willows could be grown in climatically changeable conditions where chances of growing food crops are limited.
The study is published in Biotechnology for Biofuels.
5．What may happen when willows are planted in strong winds
A．They stop growing. B．Few sugars are produced.
C．They try to grow sideways. D．Changes in genes take place.
6．The Orkney willows ________.
A．are unusually rich in sugars B．grow naturally straight upward
C．look taller than ordinary willows D．are stronger than those growing in labs
7．Farmers living in changeable climate _______.
A．use biofuel for heating and power B．are encouraged to grow biofuel crops
C．can plant different kinds of food crops D．should make their willows grow straight
8．Where does this passage most probably come from
A．A personal diary. B．A travel magazine.
C．A scientific journal. D．A newspaper advertisement.
Thousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. But all this has changed. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to sixty-five million. Three-quarters of Britain consists of fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. Now, the United Kingdom does not have large wild carnivores (肉食动物). In Scotland, there are only 400 wildcats-Europe's rarest cats-but these are much smaller than wolves.
Some people would like to change things, however! Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the United Kingdom before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the United Kingdom should be helped to return and live wild. They call this "rewilding".
Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees which originally grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more - but wild animals Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. So far, there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests - but soon there might be!
9．Which fact directly causes fewer birds living in the British countryside now
A．The increasing population of the UK.
B．Too many fields, towns or cities.
C．The modern ways of farming.
D．Too much hunting.
10．Which of the following statements is wrong
A．No large wild camivores live in the UK at present.
B．Many animals died out and forests were destroyed in the UK.
C．At least one million trees native to Scotland have been planted.
D．So far, no animals have been sent to the wild, except wolves and bears.
11．Why are some people against "rewilding"
A．Introducing large animals to the wild will destroy the newly planted trees.
B．Introducing large animals to the wild will do harm to people.
C．Introducing large animals to the wild needs too much effort.
D．Introducing large animals to the wild will cost a lot of money.
二、七选五
When your child begins to beg for a pet, you may draw back at the thought of the additional responsibilities. Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about. ____12____
● Teach responsibility.
A family pet can help show children the importance of proper care in keeping their new friend happy and healthy.____13____ Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not.
● Encourage exercise.
If you’ve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be!____14____ By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives.
____15____
Teaching your child how to “play nice” with and show affection to another living being is an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy (共情) for others. Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.
● Be practical.
While the benefits of pet ownership are clear, pets are definitely not for everybody. Raising pets requires a large amount of work and responsibility. You’d better make sure the whole family is aware of the requirement that come along with the pet. ____16____ It’s best to introduce the potential pet to your child before bringing him or her home to ensure that there is a healthy connection.
A．Treat others well.
B．Form a close bond with a friend.
C．Pets are great for helping "“break the ice”.
D．But you can use the pet’s energy to your advantage.
E．Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children.
F．All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.
G．However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons.
三、完形填空
Last winter we had to put our two dogs, which accompanied us for a long time, and couldn’t live along because of old age, to sleep. The house felt so ____17____ but we weren’t ready for a new dog. Instead, we ____18____ two cats. Then a few weeks ago one of our cats never came back home and the house was now too ____19____ . My husband, who’s a ____20____ vet with PTSD (创伤后应激障碍) and other issues, saw a dog up for ____21____ at a local shelter. The ____22____ read, “ good with cats. ” So we made an ____23____ to meet her. Later we ____24____ she came from an abusive home and was ____25____ afraid of men. Her trainer had _____26_____ her all year to get her to a point where she was even adoptable. After an hour with the trainer, we got to _____27_____ her. It was love at first _____28_____ and she even let my husband pet her.
We took her home. She’s a little scared and shy but is warming up to her new _____29_____ of humans and cats. That night we also _____30_____ that we adopted her exactly 8 years after our Husky died. Her name is karma.
All week we’ve been walking around the house and property _____31_____ saying “ good karma ” to reassure her. It makes me smile and so I just really feel like sharing it with you.
17．A．small B．hot C．empty D．new
18．A．raised B．watched C．abandoned D．sent
19．A．old B．broken C．high D．lifeless
20．A．strong B．disabled C．wise D．healthy
21．A．adoption B．cure C．operation D．experiment
22．A．book B．letter C．description D．news
23．A．appointment B．error C．offer D．excuse
24．A．made sure B．took seriously C．sorted through D．figured out
25．A．scarcely B．especially C．possibly D．purposely
26．A．punished B．treated C．accompanied D．observed
27．A．phone B．meet C．judge D．treasure
28．A．entrance B．spots C．stages D．sight
29．A．pack B．owner C．neighbor D．relative
30．A．denied B．worried C．realized D．doubted
31．A．immediately B．constantly C．willingly D．quickly
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
With fewer than 2, 000 giant pandas left in the wild, the sighting of one of the lovely animals is a cause for ____32____ (celebrate). However, the one recently spotted walking through a bamboo forest in China’s Sichuan Province is even more so, ____33____ (consider) that it is the worlds first known all-white panda!
It ____34____ (spot) by an infrared (红外线的) camera set up to monitor the wildlife in the Wolong National Nature Reserve on May 25, 2019, ____35____ is also home to China’s first giant panda breeding and research center. Wolong officials estimate the panda, whose sex is hard ____36____ (determine) from the photo, is between one and two years old.
__37__ is generally believed that the giant pandas unique black and white coloring allows it to blend in with the snow during winter or to hide in the shade during summer. Some ____38____ (scientist) also believe the dark circles around the eyes help the panda bears recognize each other. ____39____ (lucky), the lack of markings does not seem to have affected the all-white panda so far.
The researchers say albino (白化病) animals are rare in general. That’s because it can only happen if both parents carry the gene. With so few specimens of panda bears left in the world, the possibility of that happening is almost next ____40____ impossible. Researchers believe if its offspring can be photographed, it will be ____41____ (value) for further research.
五、根据首字母填写单词
42．Measures have been taken to prevent this kind of rare animal from e________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
43．These large animals are being killed i________ for their body parts that are considered valuable. （根据首字母单词拼写）
44．To her great joy，she passed her driving test at the first a________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
六、根据汉语意思填写单词
45．We should be able to sell the house at a ________ (利益). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
46．As civilized citizens, we should be ________ (有……意识的) of environmental protection. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47．More and more people have become __________ (关心的) about the environment. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
七、根据中英文提示填写单词
48．I bought this shirt because the price was r______ (减少) from 20 to 12. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
49．They laid eggs too and e________ (存在) on the earth for more than 140 million years. （根据中英文提示填空）
八、根据所给汉语提示填空
50．The animated version of The Three-Body Problem, which ____________________(改编自畅销科幻小说，adapt), met mixed responses from the audience since its release in December. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
51．________ ________(搜索) the person of excellent ability to improve the education quality is our top priority. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
52．The children are finding it hard to ________ ________ (适应) the new school. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
九、句型转换
53．With the development of industrialization, the factories have polluted the environment. (用现在完成时的被动语态完成句型转换)
With the development of industrialization, the environment ________________________ by the factories.
54．Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel that we have changed the topic. (用现在完成时的被动语态完成句型转换)
Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel that the topic ________________________.
十、汉译英（整句）
55．今天的作业容易做，因此迈克很快完成作业出去玩了。（汉译英）
56．你认为中国的熊猫正处在危险中吗？(in danger)
57．未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。（汉译英）
十一、汉译英（单词/短语）
汉译英
58．根除外来物种 ________
59．实行一个三年的项目 _________
60．被偶然带到岛上 ________
61．威胁本土物种 ________
62．控制住大火 ________
63．在极端条件下搏斗 ________
64．对生态和灾难管理感兴趣 ________
65．看待/处理一些最紧急的问题 ________
66．特别专注于…… _________
67．抗击全球变暖 ________
68．对……做出回应 ________
69．与……奋战 ________
70．摆脱病毒 ________
71．阻止……变糟 ________
十二、读写任务
72．In the wild, lions tend to pick on the animals that are weak, old, sick or hurt. Even with the strength of their numbers they will go after the easy prey (捕猎).
The lions picked their prey of choice for this poor Gazelle. The Gazelle, surrounded by lions, looks as if she were crying when the camera closed up on her face.
The lions were faster than the Gazelle, and my goodness they were smart. When the lions got close enough to the Gazelle, even while running at speed, they would trip the running animal.
This Gazelle was moving. When pressure came from a different angle she changed directions. When she could feel the breath of the lions on her neck she changed direction. When they tried to trip her, stop her, trick her, block her, she changed direction. She ran until they stopped chasing after her. It was pointless to the lions. This Gazelle had purpose. She was running for her life.
I do not care what, who, when, where, or how often life tries to take you down a path you have not intended to go. If you feel the pressure and things are not going the way they should, change direction.
[写作内容]
1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：
(1)结合文章信息，简要分析适时改变方向的必要性；
(2)结合实际，谈谈你的理解和得到的启示。
[写作要求]
1. 发表观点时必须提供理由或论据；
2. 阐述观点或提供论据或叙述经历时，不能直接引用原文语句；
3. 作文中不能出现真实的姓名和学习名称；
4. 不必写标题。
[评分标准]
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
_________________________________________________
十三、完成句子
73．正在为他们准备一间旅馆客房。
A hotel room ________________ for them.
74．He had to brake hard to __________________________.
他不得不踩刹车来避免撞到那只鹿。
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对科里海鸥迁徙的模式的研究。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.(像鲸鱼和大雁这样的野生动物通过跟随父母学习迁徙路线。其他鸟类，包括小型鸣禽，在它们的遗传密码中获得了迁徙的距离和方向。一些动物利用遗传和文化的结合来指导它们的迁移)”可知，本段主要讲述动物迁徙的模式。故选B项。
2．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns.(科里海鸥的寿命很长，很少能在九岁之前成功产下幼崽。这为学习和实践发展它们的迁移模式提供了机会)”和“Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”(研究人员称之为“探索-精炼”)”可知，此处指研究人员称这种模式为“探索-精炼”，第三段中划线的this指代的是科里海鸥形成迁徙模式的方式。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.(年轻的科里海鸥能够和成年海鸥一样快地飞行，但它们没有，这表明年轻的科里海鸥会进行更多的探索，随着它们成熟并确定了自己喜欢的路线，这种探索逐渐消失)”可知，莱蒂齐亚的研究发现小科里海鸥为了探索降低了它们的飞行速度。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei.(芭芭拉·弗雷说：“尽管它看起来比其他策略效率低，但在一个由于不可预测的人为变化而迅速变化的世界中，探索精炼可能对鸟类和其他生物有益”)”推知，路线探索有助于鸟类的适应能力。故选C项。
5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When the tree is blown sideways, its genes (基因) produce large numbers of sugar molecules (分子) to straighten the tree upwards.”及“Our study now shows that natural genetic changes are related to these differences.”可知，当杨柳被吹倾斜时，它的基因会产生大量的糖分子，使树向上伸直，也就是在大风中种植杨柳的基因会发生变化，故D项正确。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They discovered that the Orkney trees produce five times the amount of sugars found in willows grown in sheltered conditions.”可知，奥克尼柳树生产的糖分是在遮风挡雨条件下生长的柳树的五倍，也就是非常富含糖分，故A项正确。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The results show that biofuel crops such as willows could be grown in climatically changeable conditions where chances of growing food crops are limited”可知，结果表明，生物燃料科作物可以在气候多变、粮食作物生长机会有限的条件下种植，由此可知，生活在气候多变地区的农民被鼓励种植燃料科作物，故B项正确。
8．文章出处题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分，属于科学研究范畴，最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故C项正确。
【点睛】文章出处题需要根据文章话题来判断文章来源，因此抓住文章主题句是关键，科普说明文的特点是开篇就点明主题，根据第一段“British scientists have discovered the willow trees planted at an angle could increase sugars for biofuel production.”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分，属于科学研究范畴，最有可能出现在科学杂志上。
9．C 10．D 11．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。由于人口的增加，尤其是现代化的农业生产方式，使野生动物正在英国消失。现在开始有人提倡“重新野化”，重新栽植以前存在过的树木，甚至引入一些大型野生动物，比如狼和熊，但有人对引进这些野生动物表示怀疑。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before.可知，尽管英国25%的土地是田野，但是新的农业生产方式意味着生活在田野里的鸟类和小动物比以前更少了。由此可知现代化的农业生产方式直接导致了现在英国乡下的鸟类更少了。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段So far, there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests - but soon there might be!可知，到目前为止英国的森林里还没有狼和狗熊，所以D项表述错误。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans.可知，有些人担心狼将会攻击人类。由此可以推断出一些人反对向野外引入大型动物，担心会伤害到人类，故选B。
12．G 13．F 14．D 15．A 16．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了养宠物给孩子们带来的益处。
12．设空句在第一段段末，应是具有承前启后的作用。结合前文“Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about.(父母通常会考虑养宠物可能带来的所有工作和责任。)”可知，主题为“允许孩子饲养宠物”，且后文“Teach responsibility.(教导责任。)”，“Encourage exercise.(鼓励锻炼。)”则讲到了允许孩子饲养宠物的好处，因此，设空句既要包含主题，也要对后文起到引领的作用。选项G“However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons.(然而，让孩子们养宠物可以给你们俩上一些重要的课。)”贴合主题，与前文构成转折关系，在句意上也引领了后文，符合分析。故选G项。
13．根据后文“Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not.(让你的孩子帮助满足这些需求，让他们有责任感，无论他们当天是否愿意。)”中提及的“these needs”可推知，设空句应是提及了宠物们的需求。选项F“All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.(所有的宠物都需要喂食、饮用淡水和定期锻炼。)”阐述了具体的需求，且“need”符合词汇复现原则。故选F项。
14．前文“If you’ve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be!(如果你曾经被迫跟上一只年幼的狗或猫，你就知道这有多累!)”提及“你”已经知道饲养宠物的劳累，后文“By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives.(通过鼓励你的孩子和他或她的宠物一起玩耍，他们两个都会得到所需的锻炼，从而睡得安稳，过上健康快乐的生活。)”则讲到“你”可以利用这种“劳累”和“锻炼”帮助孩子睡得好，且保持健康和快乐，由此可推知，设空句应是转折句。选项D“But you can use the pet’s energy to your advantage.(但你可以利用宠物的能量)”为转折句，在句意上“advantage”呼应后文“sleep sound and live healthy and happy lives”，符合分析。故选D项。
15．设空为该段小标题，应是主旨句。根据后文关键词“an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy for others(这是培养终身对他人的同理心必不可少的第一步)”，“Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.(学习如何与宠物成为好朋友，也会教会一个人如何对他人更加开放和友好。)”可知，该部分主要强调了饲养宠物有助于帮助孩子友好对待他人。选项A“Treat others well.(善待他人。)”贴合该段主旨。故选A项。
16．根据该段小标题“Be practical.(实事求是。)”可知，该段强调饲养宠物的客观事实，因此，设空句应涉及“事实”，且对比前文讲到的好处，那么设空句应讲到“不好”。选项E“Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children.(此外，一些宠物对孩子也很有攻击性。)”讲述了宠物有可能具有攻击性这一事实，符合分析。故选E项。
17．C 18．A 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家领养一只被遗弃狗的经历。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：房子里空荡荡的，但我们还没准备好养一条新狗。A. small小的；B. hot热的；C. empty空的；D. new新的。根据前文“we had to put our two dogs, which accompanied us for a long time, and couldn’t live along because of old age, to sleep”可知，作者家的两只狗都太老了，于是作者让它们安息了，所以，现在房子里感觉空荡荡的（empty）。故选C。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们养了两只猫。A. raised养育；B. watched观看；C. abandoned遗弃；D. sen送。根据空前的“we weren’t ready for a new dog. Instead,”可知，作者没有再养一只狗，而是养（raised）了两只猫。故选A。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个星期前，我们的一只猫再也没有回家，房子也没有了生气。A. old旧的；B. broken破碎的；C. high高的；D. lifeles无生气的。从空前的“one of our cats never came back home and the house was now too…”可知，一只猫走后没再回来，现在房子里没有生机（lifeless）了。故选D。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫是个残疾的兽医，患有创伤后应激障碍和其他疾病，他在当地的收容所看到一只狗需要被领养。A. strong强壮的；B. disabled残疾的；C. wise明智的；D. healthy健康的。结合空后的“with PTSD and other issues”可知，作者的丈夫是一位患有多项疾病的残疾（disabled）兽医。故选B。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫是个残疾的兽医，患有创伤后应激障碍和其他疾病，他在当地的收容所看到一只狗需要被领养。A. adoption收养；B. cure治愈；C. operation手术；D. experiment实验。从下文“she was even adoptable”可知，作者的丈夫看到一只狗需要被收养（adoption）。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述写的是“和猫相处得很好”。A. book书；B. letter信；C. description描述；D. news新闻。根据空后的“good with cats.”可知，这是对这只狗的描述（description）上说的。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我们约了她见面。A. appointment约会；B. error错误；C. offer提供；报价；D. excuse借口。联系空后的“to meet her”可知，作者约定了时间（appointment）去见见这只小狗。故选A。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来我们发现她来自虐待家庭，特别害怕人。A. made sure确保；B. took seriously认真对待；C. sorted through分类；整理；D. figured ou弄清楚；解决出。结合空后的“she came from an abusive home”可知，这是作者后来弄清楚（figured out）的事情。故选D。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来我们发现她来自虐待家庭，特别害怕人。A. scarcely勉强，几乎不；B. especially尤其，特别；C. possibly可能；D. purposel故意地，蓄意地。从空前的讲述以及空后的“afraid of men”可知，狗之前受主人虐待过，所以特别（especially）害怕人。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的驯兽师陪了她一整年，让她到了可以被收养的地步。A. punished惩罚；B. treated对待；C. accompanied陪伴；D. observed观察。依据常识及空后的“all year to get her to a point where she was even adoptable”可知，驯兽师陪伴（accompanied）了这只狗一整年。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和驯兽师待了一个小时后，我们见到了这只狗。A. phone打电话；B. meet见面；C. judge判断；D. treasur珍爱；珍惜。根据空前的“After an hour with the trainer”可知，跟驯兽师交谈了一个小时后，作者去见（meet）这只狗。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一见钟情，她甚至让我丈夫抚摸她。A. entrance入口；B. spots场所；C. stages舞台；D. sight看见。联系空前的“love at first”可知，它对于作者一家是一见（sight）钟情，at first sight是固定搭配，意为“乍一看”。故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有点害怕和害羞，但是正在适应新的人类和猫科动物。A. pack群，帮；B. owner主人；C. neighbor邻居；D. relativ亲戚。根据空后的“of humans and cats”可知，这只狗正在适应新的族群——人类和猫。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上我们也意识到，我们收养她正好是在我们的爱斯基摩犬死后8年。A. denied否认；B. worried担心；C. realized意识到；D. doubted怀疑。空后的“we adopted her exactly 8 years after our Husky died”是作者意识到（realized）的情况。故选C。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：整整一个星期，我们都在房子和房产周围走来走去，不停地说“好karma”来安慰她。A. immediately立即；B. constantly总是，经常地；C. willingly欣然地，愿意地；D. quickly快速地。从空前的“All week we’ve been walking around the house and property”可知，一周来作者夫妇一直不断地（constantly）喊狗的名字，使她安心。故选B。
32．celebration 33．considering 34．was spotted 35．which 36．to determine 37．It 38．scientists 39．Luckily 40．to 41．valuable
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上已知的第一只纯白色大熊猫以及它的发现经过，研究人员说，白化病动物在一般情况下是罕见的。如果它的后代能够被拍摄下来，将对进一步的研究有价值。
32．考查名词。句意：在野生大熊猫数量不到2000只的情况下，看到这种可爱的动物是值得庆祝的事情。for为介词后跟名词做宾语，故填celebration。
33．考查固定短语。句意：然而，最近在中国四川省竹林里看到的那只大熊猫更是如此，因为它是世界上已知的第一只纯白色大熊猫!固定短语considering that“鉴于；考虑到……”，故填considering。
34．考查动词时态语态。句意：2019年5月25日，监控卧龙国家级自然保护区野生动物的红外摄像机发现了这只大熊猫，卧龙也是中国首个大熊猫繁育和研究中心所在地。本句中主语与谓语动词为被动关系，且时间为2019年5月25日，应用一般过去时，主语为it谓语动词用单数。故填was spotted。
35．考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。本句为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Wolong National Nature Reserve，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which。
36．考查固定短语。句意：卧龙官员估计，这只熊猫的性别很难从照片中确定，年龄在1到2岁之间。固定短语hard to do sth.“难以做某事”，故填to determine。
37．考查固定句式。句意：人们普遍认为，大熊猫独特的黑白颜色使它能够在冬天与雪融为一体，或在夏天躲在阴凉处。固定句式It is generally believed that…“普遍认为……”，故填It。
38．考查名词的数。句意：一些科学家还认为，熊猫眼睛周围的黑眼圈有助于它们相互识别。scientist为可数名词，由some修饰应用复数形式，故填scientists。
39．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，到目前为止，这种全白的熊猫身上没有斑纹。修饰下文整个句子应用副词，故填Luckily。
40．考查固定短语。句意：由于世界上现存的大熊猫标本如此之少，这种情况发生的可能性几乎是不可能的。固定短语next to“几乎；差不多”，故填to。
41．考查形容词。句意：研究人员认为，如果它的后代能够被拍摄下来，将对进一步的研究有价值。根据上文it will be可知应填形容词作表语，故填valuable。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)
(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)
(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)
如第四小题，本句为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Wolong National Nature Reserve，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which。
42．extinction##xtinction
【详解】考查名词。句意：已采取措施防止这种稀有动物灭绝。根据句意和首字母，设空处应填名词extinction，意为“灭绝，消亡”，作from的宾语，且为不可数名词。故填extinction。
43．illegally##llegally
【详解】考查副词。句意：这些大型动物被非法杀害，因为它们的身体部位被认为是有价值的。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填副词illegally，作状语，修饰动词killed。故填illegally。
44．attempt.
【详解】考查名词。句意：她第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试，这使她非常高兴。根据“To her great joy”可知，她第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试。根据首字母可知，此处应用固定搭配at the first attempt，意为“第一次尝试”。故填attempt。
45．profit
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该能以盈利的价格出售这所房子。根据句意以及汉语提示，空处应用名词profit，表示“利益”，作介词at的宾语，构成短语at a profit，表示“获利”。故填profit。
46．aware
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为文明公民，我们应该有保护环境的意识。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词aware，作表语。故填aware。
47．concerned
【详解】考查形容词。句意：已经越来越多的人开始关心环境问题。 根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处用形容词concerned(关心的)作系动词become的表语。故填concerned。
48．reduced##educed
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：我买这件衬衫是因为价格从20英镑降到了12英镑。根据汉语及首字母提示，可知为reduce。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的逻辑主语the price之间是逻辑的被动关系；根据was,可知句子的时态为一般过去时，故设空处为一般过去时的被动语态。故填reduced。
49．existed##xisted
【详解】考查动词。句意：它们也下蛋，而且在地球上生存了超过1.4亿年。“存在”应用动词exist在and后面的句子中作谓语，由laid可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填existed。
50．was adapted from a best-selling science fiction novel
【详解】考查句意，主谓一致，动词时态和语态。句意：动画版《三体》改编自畅销科幻小说，自去年12月上映以来，观众的反应褒贬不一。根据句意和中英文提示可知，空格处应填“改编自畅销科幻小说”并使用动词“adapt”。be adapted from“根据……改编”，逗号后为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The animated version of The Three-Body Problem，故从句谓语动词应使用单数形式。结合下文时态，此处时态应该使用一般过去时。故填was adapted from a best-selling science fiction novel。
51． Searching for
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：寻找优秀的人才，提高教育质量是我们的首要任务。根据汉语提示可知短语为search for，作主语应用动名词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Searching for。
52． adapt to
【详解】考查短语。句意：孩子们发现很难适应新学校。adapt to适应。不定式to后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填adapt to。
53．has been polluted
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：随着工业化的发展，工厂污染了环境。现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been done，动作的承受者主语the environment是单数第三人称，主谓一致。故填has been polluted。
54．has been changed.
【详解】考查语态。句意：虽然我们不知道讨论的是什么，但我们可以感觉到我们已经改变了话题。原句中，we have changed the topic，为现在完成时态，谓语动词为及物动词change。根据要求，拓展句应用现在完成时的被动语态，被动结构为have/has been done。主语为 the topic，为第三人称单数，故助动词用has，谓语动词为has been changed。故填has been changed。
55．Today’ s homework was easy to do, so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
【详解】考查名词、形容词和动词。表示“作业”应用名词homework；表示“容易”应用形容词easy，作表语，be easy to do sth“ 容易做某事”，表示“完成”应用动词finish；表示“出去”应用动词短语go out。描述已发生的事情，时态是一般过去时。故翻译为Today’s homework was easy to do, so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play。
56．Do you think the pandas in China are in danger/are being endangered
【详解】考查时态，语态和宾语从句。本句为一般疑问句，用一般现在时，think后接省略that引导的宾语从句，从句主语the pandas in China，从句系动词are，从句表语in danger (正处于危险中)，故翻译为：Do you think the pandas in China are in danger ；或本句为一般疑问句，think后接省略that引导的宾语从句，从句主语the pandas in China和从句谓语动词endanger (危及)是被动关系，结合句意“正处在危险中”，表现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时的被动语态，从句谓语are being endangered，故翻译为Do you think the pandas in China are being endangered 故答案为： Do you think the pandas in China are in danger/are being endangered
57．It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without permission.
【详解】考查句子结构。本句的主语是“未经允许看别人的私人信件”，用不定式“to read people’s private letters without permission”表述，由it作形式主语，本句在陈述一般事实，因而用一般现在时，系表结构“is illegal”表示“是不合法的”。故整句可译为It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without permission。
【点睛】
58．eliminate introduced species 59．implement a three-year programme to do… 60．be accidentally introduced to the island 61．threaten the survival of local species 62．bring the blaze under control 63．battle in fierce conditions 64．(be) interested in ecosystem and disaster management 65．look at some of the most urgent problems 66．have a special focus on… 67．fight against global warming 68．respond to sth. 69．wrestle with sth. 70．get rid of the virus
71．stop sth. from worsening
【解析】58．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示提示“排除外来物种”可知，短语为“eliminate introduced species”。此处introduced为非谓语动词作前置定语，表示“外来的”。故填eliminate introduced species。
59．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“实行一个三年的项目”可知，短语为“implement a three-year programme to do…”。此处a three-year是形容词作用，修饰programme，要注意使用连字符以及year此处不能用于复数。故填implement a three-year programme to do…。
60．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“被偶然带到岛上”可知，短语为“be introduced to…”，“偶然”修饰动词introduced，应使用副词形式。故填be accidentally introduced to the island。
61．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“威胁本土物种”可知，短语为“threaten the survival of local species”，此处local 用于修饰名词“species”，作定语。故填threaten the survival of local species。
62．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“控制住大火”可知，短语为“bring sth. under control”,故填bring the blaze under control。
63．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“在极端条件下搏斗”可知，短语为“in... conditions”表示…在控制之下。故填battle in fierce conditions。
64．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“对生态和灾难管理感兴趣”可知，短语为“be interested in sth”表示对某物感兴趣。故填(be) interested in ecosystem and disaster management。
65．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“看待/处理一些最紧急的问题”可知，短语为“look at sth.”,形容词urgent的最高级形式应在形容词前加the most修饰。故填look at some of the most urgent problems。
66．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“特别专注于……”可知，短语为have a special focus on…，此处special为形容词修饰名词focus。故填have a special focus on…。
67．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“抗击全球变暖”可知，短语为“fight against global warming”，此处against表示与……对抗。故填fight against global warming。
68．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“对…做出回应”可知，短语为respond to sth.，此处respond为不及物动词，接宾语时需使用介词to，故填respond to sth.。
69．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“与…奋战”可知，短语为wrestle with sth.，此处with表示“与”。故填wrestle with sth.。
70．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“摆脱病毒”可知，短语为“get rid of表示“摆脱”，故填get rid of the virus。
71．考查动词短语。根据汉语提示“阻止……变糟”可知，短语为stop sth from doing sth.表示“阻止某物做某事”。此处from是介词后接动词时，应使用动名词的形式。故填stop sth. from worsening。
72．What the passage conveys is that we should change direction flexibly while going through challenges and even dangers in our life, which is of significance to our development and success.
It is necessary for us to change direction at the right moment. Following the wrong path stubbornly, we may waste a lot of time and energy, with which we could otherwise achieve a lot. More importantly, we may lose some precious opportunities in life if we don’t adapt ourselves to different situations in time.
In our daily life, there are many cases like what Gazelle experienced, in which we suffer failures because we haven’t changed direction in time. For instance, if we analyze some very difficult problems from different angles in our study, we can solve them more easily. Therefore, to run for my life I will change direction when I’m stuck in the things life throws at me.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于读写任务。文章主要讲的是自然界中狮子与瞪羚的生存状态，瞪羚在被狮子围追堵截时，瞪羚不断改变自己的方向直到狮子不再追它，瞪羚在自然界的生存法则告诉我们：当在生活中感受到压力和事情不往正确的方向发展时，适当改变自己的方向。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：convey→express
实现：achieve→realize
更重要的是：more importantly→what’s more
例如：for instance→for example
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It is necessary for us to change direction at the right moment.
拓展句：It is necessary that we should change our direction at the right moment.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What the passage conveys is that we should change direction flexibly while going through challenges and even dangers in our life, which is of significance to our development and success. (运用了What引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Following the wrong path stubbornly, we may waste a lot of time and energy, with which we could otherwise achieve a lot. (运用了现在分词作状语和“介词（with）+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
73．is being prepared
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。根据“正在”可知，此处应用现在进行时态。表示“准备”应用动词prepare，主语a hotel room与prepare构成被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填is being prepared。
74．avoid hitting the deer
【详解】考查动词短语。固定短语avoid doing sth意为：避免做某事，故“避免撞到那只鹿”可译为：avoid hitting the deer；根据空前“to”可知，应用动词原形，为动词不定式作目的状语。故答案为：avoid hitting the deer。
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页