上海市青浦区三年（2020-2022）高考英语模拟试题分题型分层-写作

上海市青浦区三年（2020-2022）高考英语模拟试题分题型分层-写作
一、建议信
1．（2021·上海青浦·统考二模）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启学校的高三年级学生李磊，你的英国笔友Paul来信，分享了他们高中将要举办“中国文化节”的消息，并想听听你的看法。请你就此给Paul写封回信。你的回信必须包括：
* 简述你对举办这个“中国文化节”意义的认识；
* 至少建议一项“中国文化节”的活动，并提供相关具体的操作信息。
(注：信中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。)
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2．（2021·上海青浦·二模）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启学校的高三年级学生李磊，你校的英语报正在征集宣传垃圾分类(classify the garbage)的口号与具体措施。请就此写一篇稿件。你的稿件必须包括:
你设计的口号及其含义；
你的校园垃圾分类建议
(注:文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。)
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二、其他应用文
3．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青，应邀在与海外友好学校的“云班会（virtual class meeting）”上就“居家生活/学习新技能”的话题做交流，你的发言必须包括：
简要介绍你学会的一项有关生活或学习的新技能；
学会这一项技能给你带来的变化。
（注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。）
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4．（2021·上海·统考一模）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启学校的高三年级学生李磊，史上最长的“寒假”结束后，校刊举办主题征文活动，内容是关于学生在这个“寒假”里发生的一个变化。请你结合自己的实际写一篇文章投稿。你的文章必须包括：
简述该变化的具体内容；
阐述该变化对你的意义。
(注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。)
5．（2020·上海青浦·统考二模）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李青。史上最长的”寒假”结束后，校刊举办主题征文活动，内容是关于学生在这个”寒假”里发生的一个变化。请你结合自己的实际写一篇文章投稿。你的文章必须包括:
简述该变化的具体内容；
阐述该变化对你的意义。
(注意:文中请不要出现真实的校名和人名)
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6．（2020·上海青浦·统考一模）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李青，将在主题为“我的家乡变美了”的班会上发言。请撰写一篇演讲稿，内容必须包括：
家乡变美了的具体表现；
你对家乡未来的畅想。
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三、图画作文
7．（2021·上海青浦·统考一模）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
下面的漫画展示的是剧场中的场景。请以此为素材写篇短文。你的作文必须包括：
简要描述漫画内容；
就其折射出的社会现象谈谈你的感想。
（注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。）
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四、开放性作文
8．（2022·上海青浦·统考一模）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青，你校校刊上的“展望未来”栏目正在征文，请以“50年后的学校”为题写一篇文章投稿。你的稿件必须包括：
描述50年后的学校里的一个场景；谈谈现在的你置身其中的感受。
(注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。)
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五、概要写作
9．（2022·上海青浦·统考一模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Want to join the online fitness program
Online training is one of the fastest growing section of the fitness industry. A 2015 study found that more than half of all smartphone users had downloaded a fitness or health app. If you’re considering joining the online fitness community, consider these benefits and drawbacks.
There are many reasons that online training may work for you. As long as you have access to pre-downloaded videos or a WiFi connection for streaming videos, you can work out wherever you are.
Besides, compared with similar offline programs, most online fitness programs range in cost between $10 and $20 per month. This is due in part to the wider audience and the greater opportunity to sell programs to more people.
All this growth is incredibly positive — it provides health and fitness resources to the general consumer wherever they happen to be, without requiring access to a gym or fitness studio. But it’s not without problems.
The first thing to think about when considering an online fitness program is “know yourself.” If you struggle with self-motivation, you don’t like exercising at home, and you prefer a social workout environment, online fitness may not be for you. Not to mention the fact that very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you, check your form, and offer modifications or corrections based on your performance. This means you might perform exercises incorrectly, or even unsafely, without knowing it, which is particularly concerning for beginners and those recovering from injuries, as they’re more likely to perform exercises incorrectly.
Therefore, like any training format, there are pros and cons to consider when deciding if it is right for you. Take time and make the most suitable decision to reap more benefits.
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10．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Plan for Domino Effects on Sustainability Goals
Climate change is causing ever-more-extreme events, from storms and droughts to floods and violent windstorms, and these risks interact across many environmental and social systems. A heatwave can spark forest fires, which lead to air pollution. Drought-wrecked harvests can result in food-price unpredictability.
Yet these domino effects are barely considered in most countries’ strategies for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Many countries that are working hard to reach these goals insufficiently consider the impact of extreme weather. Take Germany as an example. Its 2018 strategy on sustainable development runs to 60 pages yet the word ‘disaster’ appears only once. There is no analysis of the consequences of an increase in such events.
Although many people are now aware that climate change is making fires, floods, heatwaves and storms more frequent, more severe or both, this knowledge isn’t changing policy or research enough. Part of the problem is perception. Future disasters feel unreal to decision-makers, as we’ve experienced with so many governments’ lack of pandemic preparedness, despite years of warning that something similar to COVID-19 was a case of when, not if. Other obstacles are inadequate national and international governance, and communication challenges. The research community has not yet provided effective guidance.
As a consequence, many efforts to achieve the SDGs will, like a house of cards, fall at the first shaking. Our global efforts need to be much more vigorous to the changing and interconnected nature of risk in a warming world.
What now Researchers must create models that are more understandable and useful to policymakers. When possible, SDG targets and indicators should be redesigned to capture weakness to heatwaves, fires, droughts, floods, hurricanes, mudslides and more. And politicians need to be convinced to invest in precautionary measures and adaptation.
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11．（2021·上海青浦·统考一模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Rock Climbing — conservationists’ new concern
Now, with its first appearance at this year’s Tokyo Olympics, the once minority sport is set to reach new heights. Yet the popularity of rock climbing and its sister sport, bouldering (where climbers scramble up large rocks without the use of ropes or safety belts), is raising questions about the damaging environmental effects of climbing chalk — a common and essential climbing tool.
Made from magnesium carbonate (碳酸镁), climbing chalk is the same substance that gymnasts and weightlifters use to improve their grasp on bars and weights. In fact, it was first introduced to rock climbing in the 1950s by John Gill. Since then, amateur and professional climbers alike have come to depend on the chalk’s properties of removing water and increasing friction (摩擦力) — and have been leaving long stripes of the stuff on rock faces around the world.
The resulting “chalk graffiti” has become so bad in the United States that parks are beginning to restrict its use. Utah’s Arches National Park allows only colored chalk that mostly matches rocks, while Colorado’s Garden of the Gods National Natural Landmark banned all chalk and chalk substitutes.
Beyond the visual pollution, new research suggests chalk may be harming the plants that grow on rocks. The latest study on the effects of climbing chalk, released October 2020, found that it negatively impacted both the growing and survival of four species of ferns and mosses (蕨类和苔藓) inhabiting rocks in laboratory settings.
That matters because some climbing spots, such as erratic boulders (the study’s focus), host unique ecosystems. These unpredictable boulders — rocks scattered across the globe by large masses of slowly flowing ice at the end of the Ice Age — are islands of vegetation, different from the land they sit on.
It’s not even clear whether chalk improves climbing performance at all. Some papers found no additional grip benefits, while others found the opposite. Some climbers may find it helpful, says Daniel Hepenstrick, a co-author of the 2020 study and a doctoral candidate at ETH Zürich.
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12．（2021·上海青浦·统考二模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Taking It to Extremes
Regular exercise benefits people extensively, from weight control to lengthened life. Exercise sets up a chain reaction that is generally positive for the human body, preventing and controlling some health problems. However, endurance sports, requiring the sustained efforts for long periods of time, reveal a darker side of exercise.
A common endurance sport is marathon. Running 26.2 miles is an achievement, but it’s ultimately harmful. In one study, about 75% of marathon runners suffered from kidney injury after finishing the race. Similarly, cross-country skiing offers excellent cardiovascular benefits when performing at a leisurely pace. Yet cross-country skiing alters the structure of the heart, making it more easily damaged to an arrhythmia, a condition where the heart beats irregularly. When it came to the participants’ hearts, competitive success in cross-country skiing doesn’t always translate into better health. The most extreme endurance races, such as Ironman Triathlons, provide more discouraging data.
Endurance athletes face another serious problem: they may drink much water while competing. Proper hydration while exercising is key to health and performance. But, too much of a good thing can be dangerous. Reportedly, over 10% of the participants in the triathlon suffered from hyponatremia, occurring when the level of sodium (钠) in the blood becomes dangerously low, often when the sodium concentration is too low with water. Evidently, extreme endurance sports can transform the basic necessity of drinking water into a potential source of harm.
Does running help a person live longer A study published in the Mayo Clinic Proceedings concluded that running distances of 0.1 to 19.9 miles a week, at six to seven miles per hour, was linked to a lower risk of death. However, running distances and speeds beyond this was not tied to higher rates of survival. This finding demonstrates no exercise is better for one’s health than excessive exercise in endurance sports.
Certainly, none of this means that exercise in moderation is harmful, but it shows that the benefits of exercise level off, and even reverse, when a person exercises too much. Endurance sports may continue to be a popular pursuit for those seeking a challenge, but for those eager for better health, a little can work.
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13．（2021·上海青浦·二模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Could you be flexitarian
What kind of food do you eat Are you conscious of the types of food you consume Although there is research on the right diet to follow to help us maintain a healthy lifestyle — but it’s hard to know which one to pick and, once chosen, it’s harder still to stick to it. And now there’s another choice for you.
A flexitarian diet involves eating plant-based foods and only occasionally eating meat and fish. This is a lovely alternative to being a vegetarian by not completely resisting meat.
This eating style allows you to supplement some ingredients that you wouldn’t get in a stricter vegan (纯素) diet. And like veganism, flexitarianism isn’t about eating carefully to help you lose a few pounds — it’s something people choose for ethical reasons, to help the planet. And a study into the global food system and how it affects the climate, has found that eating mainly plant-based foods is one of three key steps towards a sustainable future for all.
This research found that food waste will need to be halved and farming practices will also have to improve to achieve this. But without a single solution, a combined approach is needed. Dr. Marco Springmann, one of the lead authors of the report argued “We really found that a combination of measures would be needed to stay within environmental limits and those include changes towards healthier more plant-based diets.”
While vegans think it’s wrong for animals to be killed for food, flexitarians believe eating meat once in a while is acceptable. And Dr. Springmann agrees — as long as we “treat it as a luxury, it’s probably acceptable but you shouldn’t have more than one serving of red meat, which includes beef and pork, per week.” And here’s another fact to digest: If we moved to this type of diet, the study found that greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture would be cut by more than half.
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14．（2021·上海·统考一模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Changing Times Bring New Standards
The Academy Awards, popularly known as the Oscars, have long been one of the film industry's most famous awards. However, despite its 92-year history, the awards show has come under fire in recent years for not recognizing enough multicultural performers and directors.
In response to this lack of representation, the American Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, the group that oversees the Oscars, has announced new diversity requirements for future films to be submitted to the Best Picture category in 2024.
They require nominees to meet at least two out of four sets of standards, aiming to increase inclusion for underrepresented groups — people of color, women and people with disabilities — both on and off-screen. These standards include a minimum requirement for underrepresented groups at the executive level.
Four years ago, OscarsSoWhite quickly drew attention, highlighting the absence of minority representation among previous nominees. It also pointed out that the voting committee has been largely white and male for decades, noted The New York Times.
Ever since, the Academy has looked to increase its diversity by promising to double female and minority members in 2016. For example, the South-Korean film Parasite , which features an all-Asian cast, won four Oscars at the 2020 Academy Awards.
However, the latest move has its doubters. Some have said that the awards body should be focusing on awarding what they consider to be the best film, rather than limiting what can be nominated, noted Forbes. Richard Grenell, the current US ambassador to Germany, also criticized the move, saying that "It's no longer the Best Picture, it's the Most Politically Correct Picture."
Others, though, have praised the initiative. Culture critic Sonny Bunch wrote that, "The academy is finally — finally! — doing something to ensure that underrepresented groups have a shot."
Arguably, The New York Times said it best. While it noted that the requirements were "easy for most studios to satisfy''，the initiative will show voters the extent to which diversity standards were met.
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15．（2020·上海青浦·统考二模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How Do Our Phones Affect Our Parenting
As a pediatrician (儿科医生), I have researched how mobile phone use affects family dynamics. The parent-child relationship is central to children’s social and emotional health and life success — yet I also see how more and more family interactions interrupted by mobile devices … including my own.
My interest in the topic began in 2010. I worked for a year as a pediatrician in the suburbs outside of Seattle. Many of the parents bringing in their sick kids worked at tech companies and were early adopters of mobile devices. During my training, I had gotten used to children playing with handheld gaming devices, but this was different: parents texted during health-related conversations (were they really processing what I was saying ); looked up medical information online to check my accuracy (was this a sign of parent anxiety ); and used videos to stop children from crying (this was pretty helpful during ear exams, but is it OK other times, I wondered ).
I was fascinated by the cultural change America was experiencing with the rapid adoption of mobile devices. But as a pediatrician, I had no idea what to do about it. So when I moved to Boston for training in Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, I decided to explore the topic in more depth.
I started my research by observing families in fast food restaurants and the results were pretty eye-opening: when parents’ attention was highly absorbed in their smartphones, parents talked less to children; responded slower (or not at all) to child bids for attention; and sometimes overreacted to child behavior.
Our more recent studies show that in the long-run, parent technology use during parent-child activities leads to more difficult child behavior — which in turn leads to more parent technology usage. It’s a vicious cycle: when kids stress us out, we often go to our phones for escape or to avoid interaction, and this interrupts time with kids or makes them annoyed, and they might react with difficult behavior, and so on.
As a working mom of two young boys, I knew how this child-phone multitasking felt to me, but I wanted to hear what others thought. So I interviewed 35 parents from diverse backgrounds in Boston to understand their experiences. They told me they have never felt their brains split in so many directions — like all the matters of the world could intrude upon home time and “land in their lap”. They expressed both relief and despair when their phones were broken or lost, because while this made it easier to “single-task” on their kids again, they also felt cut off from friends and information.
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16．（2020·上海青浦·统考一模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Social media and teens’ anxiety
From cyber-bullying to cruel comments, social media can be a land mine for kids. Issues parents never worried about are now a risk for many teens. With kids’ digital well-being a concern, researchers are exploring potential links between social media and the rise in teen suicide rates, tech addiction, and loss of real-life social skills. Many parents are wondering: Is social media causing my kid to have anxiety
It’s a question that worried parents. Some research has observed a relationship between social media use and anxiety in kids, but it’s difficult to know if and when social media causes anxiety or whether kids who are anxious turn to social media as a way to seek support. How kids use social media matters, too. Social comparison and feedback-seeking behaviors have been associated with depressive symptoms, which often co-occur with anxiety.
How can parents keep social media a positive for kids
1. Seeing photos of a trip to the beach your friends didn’t invite you to can really be upsetting. If your kid is tired of digital drama, suggest they take a break from social media for a while. In fact, if they post a status update that they’re taking a break, their friends might be very accepting because they’ve had similar feelings.
2. People post stuff that makes their lives look perfect — not the homework struggles, or the fight they had with their dad. Remind kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out — and that everyone has ups and downs.
3. In a world where kids could spend their days lying around looking at Wechat, it’s doubly important for them to feel as though they’re cultivating their inner lives. Prompt them to balance social media with soul-nourishing activities such as hobbies, exercise, reading, and helping others. Otherwise, what are they going to show off about on social media
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试卷第2页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．Dear Paul,
I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my suggestions on the Chinese Culture Festival that will be held at your school soon. I do have something to share and I hope they can be useful for you.
Holding this Chinese Culture Festival will be of great significance. It will help you learn more about Chinese Culture and understand China further. Chinese calligraphy is the spirit of Chinese Culture, so my suggestion is that you can arrange a Chinese calligraphy exhibition. Also, you can have your schoolmates to experience the art of writing with a brush, which will be certain to interest everyone.
I hope my idea will be useful and I am ready to give you my help at your request.
yours,
Li Lei
【分析】本篇书面表达属于建议信，要求考生给英国笔友Paul回信，就他们高中举办“中国文化节”这一活动提供一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice→suggestion
重要性：importance→significance
展出：show→exhibition
要求：demand→request
2.句式拓展
原句：Holding this Chinese Culture Festival will be of great significance. It will help you learn more about Chinese Culture and understand China further.
拓展句：Holding this Chinese Culture Festival will be of great significance because It will help you learn more about Chinese Culture and understand China further.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my suggestions on the Chinese Culture Festival that will be held at your school soon. (关系代词that引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Chinese calligraphy is the spirit of Chinese Culture, so my suggestion is that you can arrange a Chinese calligraphy exhibition. (连词that引导表语从句)
2．The slogan I design for this event is “Classifying garbage for our future!” The huge amount of garbage brings serious environmental pollution problems. Though garbage classification we can reduce the trash and help protect the environment, which will give us a brighter future.
But garbage classification is more than a slogan. We can hold some activities such as quiz games to raise the students’ awareness of it. Having classes in which students can learn how to correctly classify the trash is very important. And it will be great if we can put some waste containers in different colors. On the one hand, it will remind students of throwing the garbage in the right dustbins and on the other hand students will have a chance to practice what they have learned about garbage classification.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇关于垃圾分类宣传的稿件。
【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇关于垃圾分类宣传的稿件，时态应为一般现在时。关键要点如下：（1）你设计的口号及其含义；（2）你的校园垃圾分类建议.
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：the slogan is（口号是），提升垃圾分类的意识（raise awareness of garbage classification），正确地进行垃圾分类（correctly classify the trash）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合作文要求，其中不乏亮点句型。
定语从句的使用Though garbage classification we can reduce the trash and help protect the environment, which will give us a brighter future.
非谓语动词的使用Having classes in which students can learn how to correctly classify the trash is very important.
固定句型的使用On the one hand, it will remind students of throwing the garbage in the right dustbins and on the other hand students will have a chance to practice what they have learned about garbage classification.
3．Hello, everyone!
I’m Li Qing, a senior 3 student studying in Purun Middle school. It’s my great honor to be invited to attend this virtual class meeting and to share with you what kind of life skill I have learned when staying at home due to the pandemic.
In fact, the new skill is that I have learned to cook delicious beef noodles. Since it was my first time to cook something, I had met several difficulties such as how to slice beef and when to put the ingredients to make tasty beef noodles. Fortunately, with my repeated attempts, my hard work eventually paid off. A bowl of delicate beef noodles giving off pleasant scent was made. It was at that time that I realized that nothing could be done without a willing heart. And it has also taught me to be patient with what I do until success comes.
That’s all. Thank you for your listening.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青，应邀在与海外友好学校的“云班会（virtual class meeting）”上就“居家生活/学习新技能”的话题做交流。
【详解】1.词汇积累
荣幸：honor→privilege
遇到：meet→encounter
意识到：realize→be aware of
事实上：in fact→as a matter of fact
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A bowl of delicate beef noodles giving off pleasant scent was made.
拓展句：A bowl of delicate beef noodles which gave off pleasant scent was made.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s my great honor to be invited to attend this virtual class meeting and to share with you what kind of life skill I have learned when staying at home due to the pandemic.(运用了it作形式主语，what引导的宾语从句和when 引导时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】It was at that time that I realized that nothing could be done without a willing heart.(运用了强调句句型)
4． Winter vacation this year has been a meaningful period for most, if not all of us. I think that many students have become more adaptive after homeschooling themselves for two months. For example, students can now accept a wide range of learning methods, including online teaching and traditional lectures. They were also introduced to the educational aspect of technologies, and will therefore be more likely to use digital devices to their benefits from now on.
Personally, growing into a more adaptive person is an unexpected yet welcomed change. I believe this quality will be beneficial for a long time, even after I graduate from school. As a result, I feel grateful for this change and hope that I can continue to adapt to difficult situations.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生一篇文章投稿，简述此次“寒假”中发生的一个变化，简述该变化的具体内容和这些变化意义。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：说明文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
简述该变化的具体内容；
阐述该变化对你的意义。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
a meaningful period ; become more adaptive; homeschool themselves; a wide range of; learning methods; online teaching; educational; be more likely to; digital devices; from now on; unexpected; quality; be beneficial for; grateful; adapt to
第三步：连词成句
1. Winter vacation this year has been a meaningful period for most, if not all of us.
2. I think that many students have become more adaptive after homeschooling themselves for two months.
3. For example, students can now accept a wide range of learning methods, including online teaching and traditional lectures.
4. They were also introduced to the educational aspect of technologies, and will therefore be more likely to use digital devices to their benefits from now on.
5. Personally, growing into a more adaptive person is an unexpected yet welcomed change.
6. I believe this quality will be beneficial for a long time, even after I graduate from school.
7. As a result, I feel grateful for this change and hope that I can continue to adapt to difficult situations.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover（供参考）
2.表因果关系：As a result, therefore
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1]Personally, growing into a more adaptive person is an unexpected yet welcomed change.(运用了动名词短语作主语)
[高分句型2] As a result, I feel grateful for this change and hope that I can continue to adapt to difficult situations. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
5．Because of novel Coronavirus, the students had the longest winter holiday on record.
During the holiday, On the one hand, I paid close attention to the epidemic situation through watching CCTV news or surfing the Internet; on the other hand I insisted on studying. Not only did I read classics, but also I had online courses given by my teachers. Besides, I took exercise every day to keep healthy. Faced with the disaster, many people including doctors, nurses and scientists acted bravely and spared no effort to fight against it. They are real heroes. I was moved, so my dream changed a lot. In the past, I wanted to be a musician, but now I want to be a doctor. I hope I can help more people live healthy and happy lives!
I will study harder to realize my dream.
【分析】这篇书面表达是一篇话题类作文。假设你是明启中学高三学生李青。史上最长的”寒假”结束后，校刊举办主题征文活动，内容是关于学生在这个”寒假”里发生的一个变化。请你结合自己的实际写一篇文章投稿。
【详解】假设你是明启中学高三学生李青。史上最长的”寒假”结束后，校刊举办主题征文活动，内容是关于学生在这个”寒假”里发生的一个变化。请你结合自己的实际写一篇文章投稿。你的文章必须包括: 简述该变化的具体内容；阐述该变化对你的意义。分析可知，应该以第一人称为主，一般过去时和现在时进行写作。考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。
【点睛】这篇书面表达的关键在于句子内容的准确表述，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。Not only did I read classics, but also I had online courses given by my teachers.中given by my teachers是过去分词作定语，还应用了倒装句。I hope I can help more people live healthy and happy lives! 宾语从句的运用。
6．As is known to all, with the deepening of the reform and opening-up policy and the development of the era, earth-shaking changes have taken place in my hometown in recent years, for example, the road becomes wider and wider, a lot of tall buildings have been built, and the government has put up a dozen of big squares and parks, which make people’s amateur life get enriched. In addition, people now pay more attention to environmental protection, leading to the better environment, and, more importantly, people's living standards have been improved, which has greatly increased the people's happiness.
I believe that with the joint efforts of all walks of life, the future of my hometown is sure to become more beautiful
【分析】本篇书面表达是提纲类作文，要求写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一篇演讲稿，内容必须包括： 家乡变美了的具体表现； 你对家乡未来的畅想。 时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； earth-shaking（翻天覆地的），development（发展），deepening（深入），the reform and opening-up policy（改革开放）， change（变化），improve（提高）及environmental protection（环境保护）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有take place（发生），a dozen of（十几个），lead to (带来、导致)，pay attention to（注重）以及put up（建造），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“As is known to all, with the deepening of the reform and opening-up policy and the development of the era, earth-shaking changes have taken place in my hometown in recent years”，“more importantly, people's living standards have been improved, which has greatly increased the people's happiness”及“and the government has put up a dozen of big squares and parks, which make people’s amateur life get enriched.”，宾语从句“I believe that with the joint efforts of all walks of life, the future of my hometown is sure to become more beautiful”，非谓语动词“In addition, people now pay more attention to environmental protection, leading to the better environment”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
7．Opera is the treasure of the Chinese nation, but fewer and fewer people go to see it.
In the cartoon, grandpa and Grandson are watching a play in a theater. To the same play, two people’s reaction is very different. The grandfather is listening to the music with great interest, while the grandson is bowing his head to sleep. The cartoon reflects that nowadays young people are not interested in traditional Chinese opera culture. I think young people should actively promote traditional Chinese culture, especially opera culture. In addition, under the background that contemporary young people do not “catch a cold” in opera culture, Chinese traditional opera culture should adapt to the trend of times, and make use of network technology and information means to reform and innovate opera culture, so that Chinese opera can enter the public’s vision and be loved by the public.
All in all, Chinese opera, especially Peking Opera, is the quintessence of Chinese culture. The contemporary youth have the responsibility and obligation to carry it forward, pass on the quintessence of Chinese culture, and make it popular at home and abroad.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于看图作文，所给漫画展示的是剧场中的场景。要求考生以此为素材写篇短文。文章必须包括：简要描述漫画内容；就其折射出的社会现象谈谈你的感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in→have interest in→show interest in
总之：all in all→in short →in brief
另外，此外：in addition→furthermore→moreover
反应，回应：reaction→response→reflection
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In the cartoon, grandpa and Grandson are watching a play in a theater. To the same play, two people’s reaction is very different.
拓展句：In the cartoon, grandpa and Grandson are watching the same play, to which two people’s reaction is very different.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The grandfather is listening to the music with great interest, while the grandson is bowing his head to sleep. (运用了由并列连词while连接的并列句，前后形成鲜明对比)
[高分句型2] In addition, under the background that contemporary young people do not “catch a cold” in opera culture, Chinese traditional opera culture should adapt to the trend of times, and make use of network technology and information means to reform and innovate opera culture, so that Chinese opera can enter the public’s vision and be loved by the public. (运用了so that引导的结果状语从句)
8．Schools in 50 years
50 years later, the school uses robots to teach students, and students sit in a transparent classroom on all sides to learn. Besides, students’ performance in class and learning feedback are all conducted by AI equipment. The construction of the school is no longer what it is now. The school 50 years later is very intelligent, and students’ needs can be met in an instant. The school has only a few technicians and teachers who manage machinery and equipment, so it is so convenient.
Imagine traveling through time and space to the future school 50 years later. It will be a fast and convenient school linked by the Internet. I will be shocked by all modern devices and intelligent functions. It’s great to feel the learning efficiency brought by the infinite power of modern science and technology, feel the friendship between classmates, and carefully taste the magic of knowledge.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“50年后的学校”为题为校刊上的“展望未来”栏目写一篇文章投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
用、利用：use→make use of
此外：besides→what’s more
智能的：intelligent→smart
震惊的：shocked→astonished
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Imagine traveling through time and space to the future school 50 years later. It will be a fast and convenient school linked by the Internet.
拓展句：Imagine traveling through time and space to the future school 50 years later, which will be a fast and convenient school linked by the Internet.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 The construction of the school is no longer what it is now. (运用了what引导的表语从句)
【高分句型2】The school has only a few technicians and teachers who manage machinery and equipment, so everything is so convenient. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
9．The advantages and disadvantages of online training should be both considered when people decide whether to take part in. Easy access and lower prices of online training programs contributes to its popularity. However, for those who lack self-motivation and need in-person instruction, these programs aren’t suitable and may even be unsafe. Hence, think twice before making the decision. (58 words)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了人们参加在线健身项目时应该注意的一些事项，例如其优、缺点。线上健身项目价格低廉、获取方式简单，但不适合没有自制力的人。所以做决定前一定要综合考量。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①If you’re considering joining the online fitness community, consider these benefits and drawbacks.
②As long as you have access to pre-downloaded videos or a WiFi connection for streaming videos, you can work out wherever you are.
③Besides, compared with similar offline programs, most online fitness programs range in cost between $10 and $20 per month.
④If you struggle with self-motivation, you don’t like exercising at home, and you prefer a social workout environment, online fitness may not be for you.
⑤This means you might perform exercises incorrectly, or even unsafely, without knowing it.
2. 缜密构思
将第2、3两个要点进行重组，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。
3. 遣词造句
It's necessary to consider the pros and cons before you join any online fitness programs.
It’s easy to access and also cheap comparing to offline programs.
If you don’t have enough self-motivation or exercise experience, it may not be your best option.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The advantages and disadvantages of online training should be both considered when people decide whether to take part in.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段和第二段进行了概括。其中when引导的状语从句、should be both considered被动语态表达高级。
【高分句型2】However, for those who lack self-motivation and need in-person instruction, these programs aren’t suitable and may even be unsafe.用who引导定语从句对第六段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
10．One possible version:
Despite the negative domino effects resulting from climate change, strategies for achieving sustainability goals seldom consider the impact, due to false perception, lack of effective governance and communication failures. Therefore, more vigorous measures are required, which include the creation of useful models understandable to policymakers, the redesign of sustainability goals and indicators and politicians’ devotion to investing in precautions. （59）
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了气候变化带来了更加极端的天气，但是很多国家却并没有意识它的严重性。虽然它们也在制定一些可持续发展的战略目标，但这些目标并没有考虑到气候变化的影响。因此，更多更加强有力的措施诸如创造更好理解的模式、重设可持续发展目标等应被采取。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Climate change is causing ever-more-extreme events. Yet these domino effects are barely considered in most countries’ strategies for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
②Part of the problem is perception. Other obstacles are inadequate national and international governance, and communication challenges.
③Our global efforts need to be much more vigorous to the changing and interconnected nature of risk in a warming world.
④Researchers must create models that are more understandable and useful to policymakers. SDG targets and indicators should be redesigned to capture weakness. And politicians need to be convinced to invest in precautionary measures and adaptation.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Despite the fact that climate change is causing harmful domino effects, most countries’ strategies for achieving sustainability goals fail to take it seriously
It is because of lacking perception, proper governance and communication.
Much more vigorous efforts should be made by creating understandable and useful models to policymakers, redesigning sustainability goals and indicators and involving politicians devoting themselves to investing in precautions.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：Despite the negative domino effects resulting from climate change, strategies for achieving sustainability goals seldom consider the impact, due to false perception, lack of effective governance and communication failures.(运用了despite引导让步状语从句对原文前三段进行了概括。其中resulting from使用了现在分词作定语，表达高级。)
[高分句型2]：Therefore, more vigorous measures are required, which include the creation of useful models understandable to policymakers, the redesign of sustainability goals and indicators and politicians’ devotion to investing in precautions.(运用了一个复杂的主从复合句概况了最后两段的内容。其中which 引导非限制性定语从句，表达高级。)
11．One possible version:
The popularity of rock climbing has caused some environmental problems because of its essential climbing tool—climbing chalk. Besides the visual pollution by “chalk graffiti”, the ecosystem unique to rock-dwelling species has been damaged, so many nature reserves set some restrictions on chalk. However, climbers hold different attitudes towards the effect of climbing chalk on their performance. (57 words)
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，攀岩的流行造成了一些环境问题，重要的攀岩工具——攀岩粉笔，除了造成视觉的污染外，岩石物种特有的生态系统也受到了破坏，因此许多自然保护区对它进行了一些限制，至于这种粉笔是否对登山有益还不清楚，然而，一些登山者认为它是有用的。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①The popularity of rock climbing and its sister sport is raising questions about the damaging environmental effects of climbing chalk.
②Climbing chalk have been leaving long stripes of the stuff on rock faces around the world.
③Some parks are beginning to restrict its use.
④Beyond the visual pollution, new research suggests chalk may be harming the plants that grow on rocks.
⑤It’s not even clear whether chalk improves climbing performance at all.
2.缜密构思
将第1、5两个要点进行重组，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
The popularity of rock climbing has caused some environmental problems because of its essential climbing tool—climbing chalk.
Besides the visual pollution by “chalk graffiti”, the ecosystem unique to rock-dwelling species has been damaged, so many nature reserves set some restrictions on chalk.
Climbers hold different attitudes towards the effect of climbing chalk on their performance.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides the visual pollution by “chalk graffiti”, the ecosystem unique to rock-dwelling species has been damaged, so many nature reserves set some restrictions on chalk.（运用了besides构成的介词短语作状语，so连接并列句）
[高分句型2] However, climbers hold different attitudes towards the effect of climbing chalk on their performance. （运用了动名词作宾语）
12．Endurance sports do harm to people for the high demand. First, extreme sports like marathon and cross-country skiing tend to cause damage to human organs. Second, drinking too much water while working out may result in health risk. Finally, excessive exercise may pose threat to life. Thus, Moderate exercise is fundamental to good health. (54 words)
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了像马拉松，越野滑雪这样的耐力运动对人的高要求是有害的。其危害主要体现在，首先会对人体器官像肺部造成损伤，其次也会因运动时喝太多水可能导致健康风险，最后过度运动可能对生命造成威胁。因此，适度的运动是健康的基础。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①However, endurance sports, requiring the sustained efforts for long periods of time, reveal a darker side of exercise.
②In one study, about 75% of marathon runners suffered from kidney injury after finishing the race.
③Yet cross-country skiing alters the structure of the heart, making it more easily damaged to an arrhythmia, a condition where the heart beats irregularly.
④Endurance athletes face another serious problem: they may drink much water while competing.
⑤However, running distances and speeds beyond this(running distances of 0.1 to 19.9 miles a week, at six to seven miles per hour) was not tied to higher rates of survival.
⑥Endurance sports may continue to be a popular pursuit for those seeking a challenge, but for those eager for better health, a little can work.
2.缜密构思
将第①个要点进行重组；将②③两个要点进行重组整合；将第④个要点进行重组；将第⑤要点进行重组；将第⑥要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句
①Endurance sports do harm to people for the high demand.
②First, extreme sports like marathon and cross-country skiing tend to cause damage to human organs.
③Second, drinking too much water while working out may result in health risk.
④Finally, excessive exercise may pose threat to life.
⑤Thus, Moderate exercise is fundamental to good health.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Second, drinking too much water while working out may result in health risk.(第二，运动时喝太多水可能会导致健康风险。)
运用一个简单句对原文第三段进行了概括。其中“drinking too much water while working out”为动名词作主语，属于高级句式表达。
[高分句型2]：Thus, Moderate exercise is fundamental to good health.(因此，适度的运动是健康的基础。)
运用一个简单句对原文末尾段落以及全文进行了总结概括。其中“fundamental”为形容词，意为“十分重大的；根本的”，使用其短语“be fundamental to…”，意为“基础的；基本的”，为高级表达。
13．To help maintain a healthy lifestyle, we need to keep a right diet, but choosing food is really hard. Unlike vegan diets, a flexitarian one, eating mainly plant-based foods and occasionally having meat, can be beneficial to the environment as well as our health. Of course, the amount of meat one takes should be limited.
【分析】本篇是一篇说明文。选择正确的饮食并且一直坚持很难。与素食主义者饮食不同，现在有一种灵活的饮食，以食用植物为主，偶尔食用肉类，对环境和健康都有益。当然，应该限制肉的摄入量。
【详解】第一步，归纳各个段落的段落大意，第一段讲述的是选择正确的饮食并且一直坚持很难，第二段介绍了灵活饮食，；第三四段主要讲述了灵活饮食对环境和健康都有益；第五段提出灵活饮食者偶尔吃肉是可以的，但是肉的摄入量要控制。
第二步，可以择出重要的信息，选择正确的饮食并且一直坚持很难；灵活饮食以食用植物为主，偶尔食用肉类； 灵活饮食对环境和健康都有益；肉的摄入量要控制。
第三步，得出答案，注意过渡与衔接，字数控制在60字以内。
【点睛】概要写作做题技巧。概要写作不是对段落大意的简单堆积，需要学生读懂文章的大概意思和文章结构，还需要一定写作替换技巧，且注意语言的简洁性。第一步，确定文章的话题和各段的段落大意，比如本文话题为灵活饮食，第一段讲述的是选择正确的饮食并且一直坚持很难，第二段介绍了灵活饮食，；第三四段主要讲述了灵活饮食对环境和健康都有益；第五段提出灵活饮食者偶尔吃肉是可以的，但是肉的摄入量要控制。；第二步，分析各个段落的逻辑关系，确定主观点和次要观点；第三步，注意一定的写作技巧，比如同义词、近义词的替换，句型和结构的转换；第四步，检查单词拼写，语法规则，字数问题等。
14．Recently Oscars have been blamed for not representing enough minorities, like people of color. To make up for the lack of diversity, the governing body of Oscars has issued new criteria intending to include more underrepresented people. Doubters argue Oscars shouldn't focus on political correctness but quality of films, while advocates think the initiative will give minorities more opportunities.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，最近，奥斯卡被指责没有代表足够多的少数族裔，比如有色人种。为了弥补缺乏多样性，奥斯卡管理机构发布了新的标准，打算纳入更多代表性不足的人。持怀疑态度的人认为奥斯卡不应该关注政治正确性，而应该关注电影质量，而支持者则认为这一举措将给少数族裔更多机会。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①However, despite its 92-year history, the awards show has come under fire in recent years for not recognizing enough multicultural performers and directors. Four years ago, OscarsSoWhite quickly drew attention, highlighting the absence of minority representation among previous nominees.
②In response to this lack of representation, the American Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, the group that oversees the Oscars, has announced new diversity requirements for future films to be submitted to the Best Picture category in 2024. They require nominees to meet at least two out of four sets of standards, aiming to increase inclusion for underrepresented groups — people of color, women and people with disabilities — both on and off-screen.
③However, the latest move has its doubters. Some have said that the awards body should be focusing on awarding what they consider to be the best film, rather than limiting what can be nominated, noted Forbes. Others, though, have praised the initiative. Culture critic Sonny Bunch wrote that, "The academy is finally — finally! — doing something to ensure that underrepresented groups have a shot."
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点作为总说，将第2、3两个要点作为分说。
3.遣词造句
Recently Oscars have been blamed for not representing enough minorities, like people of color.
To make up for the lack of diversity, the governing body of Oscars has issued new criteria intending to include more underrepresented people.
Doubters argue Oscars shouldn't focus on political correctness but quality of films, while advocates think the initiative will give minorities more opportunities.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Recently Oscars have been blamed for not representing enough minorities, like people of color.对原文第一段和第四段进行了概括，其中运用了动名词作宾语。
[高分句型2] Doubters argue Oscars shouldn't focus on political correctness but quality of films, while advocates think the initiative will give minorities more opportunities.用while连接两个并列句，对倒数第三段和倒数第二段进行了概括。
15．My experience as a pediatrician aroused my interest in the effects of smart-phones on parenting. My further research and interviews reveal it is difficult to balance both children and phones. Parents may overlook their children when focusing on their phones and cause their children’s difficult behavior while they may feel isolated when looking after their children without phones.
【分析】这是一篇概要写作。要求概括出，作者儿科医生的经历让她对“智能手机如何影响子女养育”产生了兴趣并进行了研究，取得了相关发现：父母在关注手机时可能会忽视孩子，导致孩子行为困难，而在没有手机照看孩子时可能会感到孤立。
【详解】写作步骤：
1 )细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。阅读文章可知，作者对“智能手机如何影响子女养育”产生了兴趣，并进行了研究且取得了相关发现：父母在关注孩子的手机时可能会忽视孩子，导致孩子行为困难，而在照看没有手机的孩子时可能会感到孤立。
2 )弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点，要综合每段段意或每部分大意概括出文章大意。本文第一段讲作者研究了智能手机对子女养育的影响，第二和三段讲作者儿科医生的经历让她对“智能手机如何影响子女养育”产生了兴趣致使她对其进行研究，第四至六段讲作者的研究发现：父母在关注手机时可能会忽视孩子，导致孩子行为困难，而在没有手机照看孩子时可能会感到孤立。
3 )列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4 )在写作时要特别注意下面几点:
(1 )概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
(2 )安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
(3 )注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
(4 )不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
(5)计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如reveal后接了一个宾语从句，省略了引导词that，宾语从句it is difficult to balance both children and phones中用it作形式主语代替真正主语to balance both children and phones；使用了非常好的短语，如interest in, focus on, feel isolated等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
16．Whether social media causes anxiety has become the focus of parents concerned with their kids’ digital health. Tips are offered on positive effects of social media on children. They can keep off social medial temporarily if bored with it. They should be aware that life is imperfect and face barriers bravely. Besides, taking some meaningful offline activities are strongly recommended. (60字)
【分析】本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求概括社交媒体是否会引起焦虑已经成为关注孩子数字健康的父母关注的焦点，研究提供了一些关于社交媒体对儿童的积极影响的提示，如果厌倦了社交媒体，他们可以暂时远离它，他们应该意识到生活是不完美的，勇敢地面对障碍，此外，强烈建议参加一些有意义的线下活动。注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。
【详解】1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。
2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。
3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。
4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。
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