专题08 动词时态
1．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The three Chinese astronauts _______ safely from space on April 16, 2022.
A．returned B．are returning C．have returned D．had returned
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这三名中国宇航员于2022年4月16日从太空安全返回。
考查动词时态。根据“April 16, 2022”可知，此句用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选A。
2．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The new restaurant _______ two surveys on its food and service since June.
A．is doing B．will do C．did D．has done
【答案】D
【详解】句意：自6月份以来，这家新餐厅就其食物和服务进行了两次调查。
考查动词时态。根据“since June”可知句子是现在完成时，故选D。
3．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The headmaster is not available now. He ________ to the new teachers.
A．speaks B．spoke C．is speaking D．was speaking
【答案】C
【详解】句意：校长现在没空。 他正和新来的老师讲话。
考查时态。根据now可知，此处用现在进行时are/am/is+doing，故选C。
4．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）Last weekend, David ________ a visit to his grandparents in the countryside.
A．pays B．paid C．will pay D．has paid
【答案】B
【详解】句意：上周末，大卫去农村看望了他的祖父母。
考查动词时态。根据“Last weekend”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故选B。
5．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Every year thousands of tourists________the mountain area to relax themselves.
A．visited B．were visiting
C．visit D．have visited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：每年都有成千上万的游客到山区来放松自己。
考查动词的时态。visited过去式；were visiting过去进行时；visit参观，动词原形；have visited现在完成时。根据Every year“每年”可知，句子用一般现在时态，主语tourists复数，谓语动词用原形visit。故选C。
6．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Mike________the furniture into his new flat this time yesterday.
A．would move B．was moving C．has moved D．had moved
【答案】B
【详解】句意：昨天的这个时候迈克正在把家具搬进他的新居。
考查过去进行时。根据“this time yesterday”，可知句子是过去进行时，结构为was/were+动词的现在分词，主语Mike是第三人称单数。故选B。
7．（2019·上海·中考真题）Look!They about the solution to the network problems again.
A．argue B．are arguing C．argued D．were arguing
【答案】B
【详解】句意：看，他们又在讨论解决网络问题的办法。
A. argue争吵；原形；B. are arguing正在争吵，现在进行时；C. argued争吵，过去式；D. were arguing争吵，过去进行时。根据Look!可知下文是现在进行时，其结构是is/are doing的形式，主语是they，be动词用are。根据题意，故选B。
8．（2019·上海·中考真题）By the end of last month，Jane enough money for the poor sick boy.
A．raised B．would raise C．had raised D．has raised
【答案】C
【详解】句意：到上个月底，简已经为那个可怜的生病男孩筹到了足够的钱。
A. raised筹钱；B. would raise会筹钱；C. had raised已经筹钱；过去完成时；D. has raised已经筹钱，现在完成时。根据时间状语By the end of last month可知用过去完成时，其结构是had done的形式。根据题意，故选C。
9．（2018·上海·中考真题）The debate on whether to keep pets_____forty minutes yesterday afternoon.
A．last B．lasted C．will last D．has lasted
【答案】B
【详解】句意：关于是否养宠物的争论昨天下午持续了四十分钟。根据 yesterday afternoon 可知此处时态应为一般过去时。故答案为B。
10．（2018·上海·中考真题）The film Operation Red Sea_____a lot of praise since its first show months ago.
A．wins B．win C．will win D．has won
【答案】D
【详解】句意：红海行动自几个月前首映以来，赢得了很多好评。since its first show months ago是表示到目前为止的时间段，用在现在完成时态的句子中。故答案为D。
11．（2018·上海·中考真题）Michael_________in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year.
A．teach B．taught C．will teach D．was teaching
【答案】C
【详解】句意：米迦勒将于明年二月至六月在云南的一所学校任教。根据时间状语next year判断，句子的时态为一般将来时态，故答案为C。
12．（2017·上海·中考真题）Several journalists ____________ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.
A．interview B．interviewed C．will interview D．had interviewed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：几位记者就这件国际案件在一小时前采访了律师。题目末尾的an hour ago一个钟头以前，表示过去的时间，句子要用一般过去时态。A/C/D分别是一般现在时、一般将来时和现在完成时。故选B。
13．（2017·上海·中考真题）Some exchange students ____________ with their host families this time yesterday.
A．are chatting B．will chat C．were chatting D．have chatted
【答案】C
【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，一些交换生正在和他们的寄宿家庭聊天。 this time yesterday昨天的这个时间，表示过去的某个时间段内正在进行的动作。应该用过去进行时。A是现在进行时、B是一般将来时、D是现在完成时。故选C。
14．（2016·上海·中考真题）This medicine _______ millions of people’s lives since it was put into use.
A．is saving B．will save C．has saved D．had saved
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这种药物自从投入使用以来已经挽救了数百万人的生命。since后跟从句，表示“自……以来”，说明的是现在的状况,判断用现在完成时态，故答案为C。
15．（2015·上海·中考真题）Now Jerry ______ the exchange programme with his classmates in the meeting room.
A．discussed B．is discussing
C．was discussing D．has discussed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：现在杰里正在会议室和他的同班同学讨论交换生项目。A. discussed 一般过去时；B. is discussing 现在进行时；C. was discussing 过去进行时；D.has discussed现在完成时。根据now可知用现在进行时，故选B。
16．（2015·上海·中考真题） Tim told us that his company ______ robots to do some of the work.
A．uses B．will use C．has used D．would use
【答案】D
【详解】句意：蒂姆告诉过我，他的公司会使用机器人做工作的一部分。宾语从句的结构：主语+谓语+连接词+从句。从句在句中作宾语。从句要用陈述句的语序。如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选择时态，如果主句是过去时态，从句要用相应的过去时态。但是从句是客观真理，一般用一般现在时态。该句主句是过去时态，根据句意可知从句动作还没有发生，所以用过去将来时，故选D。
17．（2014·上海·中考真题）By the end of last week, Maggie _____________ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children.
A．will stay B．has stayed C．would stay D．had stayed
【答案】D
【详解】句意：到上周末为止， Maggie已经在中国西部待了两个月帮助那些无家可归的孩子们。根据句中时间状语By the end of last week是到上周末为止，即到过去时间为止已经完成的动作，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。
18．（2013·上海·中考真题）Look，so many passengers__________ with their smart phones on the underground．
A．played B．will play C．are playing D．have played
【答案】C
【详解】句意：看，这么多乘客在地铁上正在玩手机．结合语境可知本句描述的是现在正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时态，选Ｃ．
19．（2013·上海·中考真题）The schoolboy _________to the blind man on his Way home yesterday afternoon．
A．apologizes B．apologized C．will apologize D．has apologized
【答案】B
【详解】句意：昨天下午，在他回家的路上，这个男身向这个盲人道歉了。结合语境可知本句描述的是过去某时发生的动作，故用一般过去时态，选B。
20．（2012·上海·中考真题）Jenny told me that she __ an English Speech Contest the next month.
A．takes part in B．is taking part in
C．took part in D．would take part in
【答案】D
【详解】句意：珍妮告诉我她下个月将参加一个英语演讲比赛。由next month.可知是将来时，只有D是将来时，故答案选D。
21．（2012·上海·中考真题）The volunteers __ a lot of help to the community for nearly ten years.
A．offered B．will offer C．are offering D．have offered
【答案】D
【详解】句意：近十年来，志愿者们为社会提供了很多帮助。考查现在完成时，由for nearly ten years.可知是用现在完成时，选D答案。
知识图表
一般现在时，一般过去时
一般现在时
1. 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况 1. It seldom snows here. 2. He is always ready to help others. 3. Neither of us is a doctor. 4. Mr Zhao doesn’t like swimming, does he
2. 信号词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, We visit our grandparents once a week.
3. 主将从现信号词：if(如果), when, as soon as, until, after, before 注意：if表示“是否”时不遵循主将从现的规则 1. I’ll talk to him when he ______. A. come B. will come C. comes D. came 2. I don’t know if it _____ tomorrow. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining
4. 普遍真理，一般规律 Light travels faster than sound. Fish soon goes bad in hot weather.
一般过去时
1. 信号词：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 1 .My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League member for about a year. A. joined…has become B. joined…has been C. has joined…has been D. did join…had been 2. At the age of eleven, my grandfather _____ to work in a factory. A. began B. has begun C. will begin D. begins 3. Betty ____ morning exercises yesterday. A. not did B. don't do C. didn’t do D. won’t do
2. hit, hurt, put, cut, cost, set, read, spread的过去式和过去分词无变化,注意时态辨别。 1. Father put on his cap and ____ out. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 2. The book cost Helen ten yuan.改写为： 一般疑问句：___________________________. 否定句：_______________________________. 反义疑问句：____________________________.
3.主句谓语动词为过去时，从句谓语动词也用过去时。 注意：从句叙述普遍真理或一般规律时例外。 1. I didn't know you were so busy. 2. Joan ____ me whether I _____ the book before. A. asked…had read B. asked…shall read C. asked…would read D. asked…has read 3. We expected that the English teacher _______ some advice on how to write an English letter. A. will give B. gave C. is going to give D. would give 4.The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.
4. 既可以用于一般现在时也可以用于一般过去时的词 seldom, usually, sometimes, often, never, every day eg. She often came to help us in those days.
现在进行时、过去进行时
现在进行时
1. 现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作 Someone is asking for you on the phone.
2. 常见信号词：(right)now, at present, at the moment, at this time, these days, etc. The students are having an English lesson now.
3. 按计划或安排要进行的动作,信号词：go, come, leave start, arrive, work, have, stay, play, return, etc. -- Tom, supper is ready. Come quickly. -- Ok. I’m coming.
4. 用于含有Look! Listen! Be careful!的句中 Be careful! The glass is falling down.
5. 一般不用现在进行时的动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel love, like, enjoy, hate hope, wish be, have think, know, remember, forget
过去进行时
1. 过去某时刻或某段时间正在进行的事 I was reading the newspaper at 6:30 this morning.
2. at this time yesterday, at that time, then, at five o’clock in the afternoon, from two to three yesterday afternoon或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 At that time, I was reading a newspaper.
3. 过去某件事情发生时，另外一个动作正在进行 1. The earthquake started while I was doing some shopping. 2. I was typing a letter while my daughter was searching for information on the Internet.
现在完成时，过去完成时
现在完成时
1. 已完成 She has left. I have finished my work.
2. 未完成 I have lived here for 10 years. I’ve known her for 5 years.
3. 信号词：since+时间点,for+时间段, recently, lately, in the past few years, already , ever, never, just, yet, once, before I’m 15 now, I have lived here since I was 5. = I have lived here since 2003. = I have lived here for 10 years.
4. have been (to) ，have gone (to) 与have been in的区别 I’ve been to Beijing for many time. I know it well. We can’t go shopping with Susan now, she has gone to Japan. He has been abroad many times. He has gone home. I have been in Shanghai for more than 10 years.
5. 与一般过去时的区别: __________________________________. I saw the film just now. I have just seen the film.
过去完成时
1. 过去的过去 –Did you see Tom at the party -- No, he _______ by the time I got there. A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left
2. 信号词： by the end of last year(term, month…),by yesterday, by the time, before, after, etc. By the end of last month we had reviewed four books. *By the end of next month we will have reviewed four books.
两点注意
1. 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 =非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换: begin/ start – be on, borrow – keep, buy – have, close – be closed, come – be back/ here, catch a cold – have a cold, die – be dead, fall asleep – be asleep, finish – be over, leave – be away from, join – be in/ be a member of, open – be open, put on – wear, wake up – be awake He joined the League two years ago. = Two years has passed since he joined the League. = It is two years since he joined the League. =It has been two years since he joined the League. = He has been in the League for two years.
2. 不规则动词 A-A-A A-B-A A-B-B burst, cost, cut, hit, hurt, let, put, read become, come, overcome, run bend, bring, build, burn, buy, catch, deal, dig
一般将来时, 过去将来时
一般将来时
1. 第一人称+shall, 所有人称+will表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 I shall/ will turn off the lights when I leave the room. When shall we meet again
2. be going to do表示(1)计划、打算做某事 (2) 根据目前情况很可能要发生的事 1. I’m going to visit my grandparents next Friday evening. 2. It’s windy. It’s going to rain.
3.信号词：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, the coming Sunday, in the future, etc. My father will be back home from Japan in a week.
4. 主将从现 1. Mary will go shopping when she has time. 2. You will stay alone after I leave.
5. 一些表示状态或位置转移的动词用现在进行时表示将来：come, go, arrive, leave, etc. Are you going to the wetlands phone show next week
过去将来时
1. 从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句 1. He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 2. I asked who was going there.
2. 信号词：the next day(morning, year…),later, soon, the following month(week…),etc. Yesterday our class teacher said we would soon have an outing.
命题点一：一般现在时，一般过去时
1．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）Some adults ________ to the hospital to have a physical checkup once a year.
A．go B．have gone C．are going D．went
【答案】A
【详解】句意：有些成年人每年去医院做一次身体检查。
考查动词时态。根据“once a year”可知表示经常性行为，时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，故选A。
2．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Wendy ________ two cups of coffee in the garden every morning.
A．drink B．is drinking C．drinks D．drank
【答案】C
【详解】句意：温迪每天早上在花园里喝两杯咖啡。
考查一般现在时。根据“every morning”可知，本句表示经常性或者习惯性的动作，要用一般现在时，主语“Wendy”是单数，因此动词也用第三人称单数形式，即drinks。故选C。
3．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）My father ________ the underground to work on weekdays. He is a green consumer.
A．take B．takes C．took D．has taken
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我爸爸在工作日乘地铁去上班。他是一个环保消费者。
考查一般现在时。根据“on weekdays”可知句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故选B。
4．（2022·上海嘉定·统考二模）As a local journalist, John ________ big events of the city every day.
A．will report B．reports C．was reporting D．reported
【答案】B
【详解】句意：作为一名当地记者，约翰每天报道这个城市的重大事件。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“every day”可知，此句是一般现在时态，主语“John”是第三人称单数，故动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
5．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）As a green consumer, Tim usually ________ around the city by public transport.
A．travels B．travelled C．will travel D．is travelling
【答案】A
【详解】句意：作为一位环保消费者，Tim通常乘坐公共交通在城市中穿梭。
考查动词时态。usually表示经常，句子应用一般现在时，主语Tim为第三人称单数，因此动词travel也应用其第三人称单数形式travels。故选A。
6．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）When Wang Yaping stayed in the space station, she ________ lessons to over 60 million students.
A．has given B．was given C．gave D．gives
【答案】C
【详解】句意：当王亚平在空间站的时候，她给6000多万学生上课。
考查句子时态。根据从句谓语“stayed”提示，主句应用一般过去时，主语“she”与动词give之间为主动关系，故应用gave，故选C。
7．（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）Shenzhou XIII ________ three Chinese astronauts into space in October, 2021.
A．carries B．carried C．has carried D．had carried
【答案】B
【详解】句意：2021年10月，神舟13号载着3位中国航天员进入太空了。
考查时态。carry运载，携带。根据时间状语“in October, 2021”可知，句子描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故选B。
8．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）The three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIII mission ________ home on April 16, 2022.
A．returns B．returned C．will return D．had returned
【答案】B
【详解】句意：2022年4月16日，神舟十三号任务的三名宇航员回国。
考查动词时态。根据“on April 16, 2022.”可知动作已经发生，应用一般过去时，故选B。
9．（2022·上海徐汇·统考模拟预测）Jeffery has had many Chinese friends since he _______ to China two years ago.
A．has come B．comes C．would come D．came
【答案】D
【详解】句意：杰弗瑞自从两年前来到中国以来已经有了许多中国朋友。
考查动词时态。根据“Jeffery has had many Chinese friends since he ... to China two years ago.”可知，该句是含since的现在完成时，since从句要用一般过去时，come的过去式为came。故选D。
10．（2022·上海浦东新·统考二模）Janet was so tired. She lay down on the sofa and soon ________ asleep.
A．falls B．fell C．will fall D．had fallen
【答案】B
【详解】句意：珍妮特太累了。她躺在沙发上很快就睡着了。
考查一般过去时。falls asleep入睡，用于一般现在时；fell asleep入睡，用于一般过去时；will fall asleep将要入睡，用于一般将来时；had fallen asleep已经入睡，用于过去完成时。根据“Janet was so tired.”以及“lay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，fall asleep“入睡”，是固定短语，fall的过去式为fell。故选B。
命题点二：现在进行时、过去进行时
11．（2022·上海徐汇·统考模拟预测）— Excuse me, can I have a word with Doctor Smith
— I’m sorry, Doctor Smith _______ on a patient at the moment.
A．is operating B．operated C．has operated D．will operate
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——对不起，我能和史密斯医生说句话吗？——对不起，史密斯医生正在给一个病人做手术。
考查现在进行时。根据“ at the moment.”推断，此处表达“史密斯医生正在给病人做手术”，应用现在进行时。故选A。
12．（2022·上海金山·统考二模）Jenny ________ the violin now, and she will give a performance in the school concert next Friday.
A．plays B．played C．will play D．is playing
【答案】D
【详解】句意：珍妮现在正在拉小提琴，下星期五她将在学校的音乐会上表演。
考查动词时态。根据“now”可知，现在动作正在进行，句子为现在进行时，其构成是am/is/are doing。故选D。
13．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）—Nick, take out the trash, please.
—Wait a minute, Mom. I ________ an e-mail to Mr. Smith now.
A．write B．am writing C．wrote D．will write
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——尼克，请把垃圾拿出去。——等一下，妈妈。我正在给史密斯先生写一封电子邮件。
考查现在进行时。根据“now”可知，是现在进行时，强调正在做某事，结构为“be动词+doing”。故选B。
14．（2021·上海奉贤·统考二模）Betty can’t join us in the card game. She ________ the classroom.
A．has cleaned B．was cleaning C．has cleaned D．is cleaning
【答案】D
【详解】句意：贝蒂不能和我们一起玩纸牌游戏。她正在打扫教室。
考查动词时态。根据句意可知，贝蒂不能加入我们是因为她正在打扫教室，强调此时此刻正在做什么，用现在进行时(am/is/are doing)。故选D。
15．（2021·上海嘉定·统考一模）You’d better not disturb Kathy now as she ________ her speech for tomorrow’s meeting.
A．is preparing B．will prepare C．was preparing D．has prepared
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你最好现在不要打扰凯西，因为她正在为明天的会议准备演讲。
考查时态。prepare准备；is preparing现在进行时；will prepare一般将来时；was preparing过去进行时；has prepared现在完成时；根据时间状语“now”可知，句子时态采用现在进行时。故选A。
16．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）When Sam ________ tennis with his brother, he heard a strange noise from the bush.
A．play B．was playing C．is reading D．has played
【答案】B
【详解】句意：当山姆和他哥哥打网球时，他听到灌木丛中传来奇怪的声音。
考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句，主句谓语heard是动词过去式，从句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，故选B。
17．（2023·上海静安·统考一模）Alan took photos of his friends when they ________ with children happily in the park.
A．had played B．have played C．are playing D．were playing
【答案】D
【详解】句意：当Alan的朋友们正在公园和孩子们玩的时候，Alan给他们照了照片。
考查过去进行时。根据“when”和“Alan took photos of his friends”可知此处应用过去进行时，表达“正在公园和孩子们玩的时候，Alan给他们照了照片”，其谓语结构为“was/were+doing”，故选D。
18．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）This time yesterday Jack ________ his car with his brothers.
A．repair B．repaired C．is repairing D．was repairing
【答案】D
【详解】句意：昨天的这个时间Jack和他的兄弟们正修他的车。
考查动词时态。repair修理；repaired修理；is repairing正在修理，现在进行时；was repairing正在修理，过去进行时。根据时间标志词“this time yesterday”昨天的这个时候，应该是过去进行时。故选D。
19．（2022·上海奉贤·统考二模）Alice _______ in the tea house with her best friend this time yesterday.
A．relaxed B．had relaxed C．has relaxed D．was relaxing
【答案】D
【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，爱丽丝和她最好的朋友正在茶馆里放松。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“this time yesterday”可知，此处是过去进行时，relax“放松”，是动词，过去进行的结构是was/were doing的形式，主语是Alice，be动词用was，故选D。
20．（2022·上海静安·统考二模）While the young mum ________, her baby suddenly cried in the bedroom.
A．cooked B．was cooked C．was cooking D．would cook
【答案】C
【详解】句意：年轻的妈妈做饭时，她的孩子突然在卧室里哭了。
考查动词时态。根据“While the young mum”可知此处是while引导的时间状语从句，表示过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，故选C。
命题点三：现在完成时，过去完成时
21．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）It is reported that the bush fire ________ in serious economic losses in that country.
A．result B．is resulting C．would result D．has resulted
【答案】D
【详解】句意：据报道，那场丛林大火给那个国家造成了严重的经济损失。
考查动词时态。此处是宾语从句，根据“It is reported”及主现从不限可知，从句用任何时态。根据“the bush fire … in serious economic losses in that country”可知，从句强调大火给国家造成的影响，用现在完成时结构，故选D。
22．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）The new famous chain restaurant ________ near our neighborhood recently.
A．opens B．opened C．has opened D．will open
【答案】C
【详解】句意：最近我们小区附近新开了一家著名的连锁餐厅。
考查动词时态。根据提示词recently可知，此句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，故选C。
23．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Paper decorations ________ from the ceiling in every classroom last week.
A．were hanged B．were hung C．had been hanged D．had been hung
【答案】B
【详解】句意：上周每个教室的天花板上都挂上了纸装饰。
考查被动语态。根据last week可知，用一般过去时，主语Paper decorations与动词hang之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，hang的过去分词是hung，故选B。
24．（2023·上海静安·统考一模）Susan ________ us three effective ways of memorizing new words since she started her speech.
A．showed B．has showed C．would show D．was showing
【答案】B
【详解】句意：自苏珊开始演讲以来她就向我们展示了三种记忆生词的有效方法。
考查动词时态。根据since引导的时间状语从句“...since she started her speech.”可知，主句应用现在完成时：have/has+现在分词。主语为Susan，单数，则助动词应该用has。故选B。
25．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Sue ________ many complaints from her neighbours since she opened the pet shop.
A．receives B．is receiving C．received D．has received
【答案】D
【详解】句意：自从苏开了宠物店，她收到了许多来自邻居的抱怨。
考查现在完成时。根据“since she opened the pet shop.”可知应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语Sue为第三人称单数，助动词应用has，故选D。
26．（2022·上海杨浦·统考二模）I ________ all Harry Potter books by the time I was ten!
A．read B．have read C．would read D．had read
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在我十岁的时候，我已经读完了所有的《哈利波特》系列书籍！
考查时态。根据“by the time I was ten”可知，十岁的时候已经读完了，应该用过去完成时had done。故选D。
27．（2022·上海松江·统考二模）The students in our school ________ about 8,000 yuan for SPCA by this time yesterday.
A．are raising B．were raising C．has raised D．had raised
【答案】D
【详解】句意：到昨天这个时候，我们学校的学生已经为SPCA筹集了大约8000元。
考查动词时态。根据“by this time yesterday.”可知，此处指过去的时间关于过去的动作，强调过去的过去，应用过去完成时 (had done)，故选D。
28．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）By the end of last year, Roy ________ in that post office for thirty years.
A．worked B．would work C．had worked D．has worked
【答案】C
【详解】句意：直到去年年底为止，Roy已经在那家邮局工作30年了。
考查过去完成时。介词by+表示过去的时间，表示“直到过去某个时间为止”，常用于过去完成时的句子中，其谓语动词结构为：had+过去分词。故选C。
29．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Emily and her parents ________ each other for weeks by yesterday afternoon.
A．didn’t see B．haven’t seen C．hadn’t seen D．wouldn’t see
【答案】C
【详解】句意：到昨天下午为止，艾米丽和她的父母已经好几个星期没有见面了。
考查动词时态。根据句意和句中的时间状语by yesterday afternoon“到昨天下午为止”可知，谓语动词的动作表示过去之前的事情，应用过去完成时，其结构为had+动词的过去分词。故选C。
30．（2022·上海奉贤·统考二模）By the age of 15, Su Yiming _______ to train on the national team.
A．began B．has begun C．will begin D．had begun
【答案】D
【详解】句意：15岁的时候，苏翊鸣已经开始在国家队集训。
考查过去完成时。根据时间状语“By the age of 15”可知，句子的时态是过去完成时，因此此处用“had begun”，意为“已经开始”。故选D。
命题点四：一般将来时, 过去将来时
31．（2019·上海黄浦·统考一模）I’ve ordered some flowers for Grandma and they ________ in two hours.
A．will arrive B．arrived C．have arrived D．had arrived
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我给奶奶订了些花，两小时后就到。
考查一般将来时。根据“in two hours”可知，时态是一般将来时，故选A。
32．（2021·上海崇明·统考二模）Laura________ to her hometown to visit her grandparents next weekend.
A．drive B．drove C．will drive D．has driven
【答案】C
【详解】句意：下周末劳拉将开车回她的家乡去看望她的祖父母。
考查时态。根据时间状语“next weekend”可知，此句用一般将来时，其构成为“will do”，故选C。
33．（2021·上海·模拟预测）My friend Kitty loves traveling. She ________ Beijing this coming holiday.
A．visits B．is going to visit
C．visits to D．is going to visit to
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我的朋友基蒂喜欢旅行。这个假期她打算去北京旅游。
考查一般将来时。根据“this coming holiday”可知句子时态用一般将来时，其结构为“will+动词原形”或“be going to+动词原形”，本句中用的是be going to结构，主语是she，be动词用is；visit someplace“参观某地”；故选B。
34．（2021·上海浦东新·统考一模）I ________ a blouse for my mum if I don’t think of a better idea for a present.
A．bought B．buy C．am buying D．will buy
【答案】D
【详解】句意：如果我想不出更好的礼物，我会给我妈妈买一件衬衫。
考查动词时态，观察句子，可知是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从先原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选D。
35．（2020·上海静安·统考一模）They hope the new project ________ the cultural cooperation in the near future.
A．furthers B．furthered C．has furthered D．will further
【答案】D
【详解】句意：他们希望这个新项目能在不久的将来进一步促进文化合作。
考查时态。further在句中作动词，意为“促进”，由句中“in the near future”可知，应用一般将来时，其构成为“will do”，故选D。
36．（2022·上海松江·统考二模）Harry said he ________ the Butchart Gardens in Victoria City in the coming holidays.
A．would visit B．had visited C．is visiting D．visited
【答案】A
【详解】句意：哈里王子说他将在即将到来的假期参观维多利亚市的布查德花园。
考查动词时态。根据“in the coming holidays”可知，时态为将来时。又根据“said”可知，应该用一般过去时，所以本句时态是过去将来时，表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作或存在状态，其结构是would+动词原形。故选A。
37．（2022·上海虹口·统考二模）Peter said that his daughter ________ from university the next June.
A．had graduated B．graduated C．would graduate D．will graduate
【答案】C
【详解】句意；彼得说他的女儿将于明年六月大学毕业。
考查时态。根据“Peter said that ”可知，主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去的某种时态，结合“the next June”可知，此处应用过去将来时，故选C。
38．（2021·上海杨浦·统考三模）My friends said they ________ here by 9 p.m., but they haven’t arrived yet.
A．will be B．had been C．have been D．would be
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我的朋友们说他们晚上9点到，但是他们还没有到。
考查动词时态。根据“but they haven’t arrived yet”可知，表示从过去某个时间点看将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时would do的结构，故选D。
39．（2022·上海·统考二模）My dad promised on his birthday that he ________ smoking in the near future.
A．will give up B．would give up C．gave up D．had given up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我爸爸在他的生日上承诺，在不久的将来他将会戒烟。
考查宾语从句中的动词时态。根据从句中时间状语in the near future可知用一般将来时，但主句是一般过去式，根据宾语从句“主过从必过”原则，所以从句的一般将来时要变成过去将来时would do结构。故选B 。
40．（2021·上海宝山·统考二模）The manager told us that the company ________ modern robots to do some of the work soon.
A．used B．uses C．will use D．would use
【答案】D
【详解】句意：经理告诉我们公司很快就会用现代机器人来做一些工作。
考查动词时态。根据句意可知，空处所在的句子是宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，根据“主过从必过”的原则，从句必须用过去时的某种时态，故排除B、C项；又根据从句的时间状语“soon”可知，宾语从句应用过去将来时，构成形式为：would do。故选D。专题08 动词时态
1．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The three Chinese astronauts _______ safely from space on April 16, 2022.
A．returned B．are returning C．have returned D．had returned
2．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The new restaurant _______ two surveys on its food and service since June.
A．is doing B．will do C．did D．has done
3．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The headmaster is not available now. He ________ to the new teachers.
A．speaks B．spoke C．is speaking D．was speaking
4．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）Last weekend, David ________ a visit to his grandparents in the countryside.
A．pays B．paid C．will pay D．has paid
5．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Every year thousands of tourists________the mountain area to relax themselves.
A．visited B．were visiting
C．visit D．have visited
6．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Mike________the furniture into his new flat this time yesterday.
A．would move B．was moving C．has moved D．had moved
7．（2019·上海·中考真题）Look!They about the solution to the network problems again.
A．argue B．are arguing C．argued D．were arguing
8．（2019·上海·中考真题）By the end of last month，Jane enough money for the poor sick boy.
A．raised B．would raise C．had raised D．has raised
9．（2018·上海·中考真题）The debate on whether to keep pets_____forty minutes yesterday afternoon.
A．last B．lasted C．will last D．has lasted
10．（2018·上海·中考真题）The film Operation Red Sea_____a lot of praise since its first show months ago.
A．wins B．win C．will win D．has won
11．（2018·上海·中考真题）Michael_________in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year.
A．teach B．taught C．will teach D．was teaching
12．（2017·上海·中考真题）Several journalists ____________ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.
A．interview B．interviewed C．will interview D．had interviewed
13．（2017·上海·中考真题）Some exchange students ____________ with their host families this time yesterday.
A．are chatting B．will chat C．were chatting D．have chatted
14．（2016·上海·中考真题）This medicine _______ millions of people’s lives since it was put into use.
A．is saving B．will save C．has saved D．had saved
15．（2015·上海·中考真题）Now Jerry ______ the exchange programme with his classmates in the meeting room.
A．discussed B．is discussing
C．was discussing D．has discussed
16．（2015·上海·中考真题） Tim told us that his company ______ robots to do some of the work.
A．uses B．will use C．has used D．would use
17．（2014·上海·中考真题）By the end of last week, Maggie _____________ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children.
A．will stay B．has stayed C．would stay D．had stayed
18．（2013·上海·中考真题）Look，so many passengers__________ with their smart phones on the underground．
A．played B．will play C．are playing D．have played
19．（2013·上海·中考真题）The schoolboy _________to the blind man on his Way home yesterday afternoon．
A．apologizes B．apologized C．will apologize D．has apologized
20．（2012·上海·中考真题）Jenny told me that she __ an English Speech Contest the next month.
A．takes part in B．is taking part in
C．took part in D．would take part in
21．（2012·上海·中考真题）The volunteers __ a lot of help to the community for nearly ten years.
A．offered B．will offer C．are offering D．have offered
知识图表
一般现在时，一般过去时
一般现在时
1. 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况 1. It seldom snows here.
2. He is always ready to help others. 3. Neither of us is a doctor. 4. Mr Zhao doesn’t like swimming, does he
2. 信号词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, We visit our grandparents once a week.
3. 主将从现信号词：if(如果), when, as soon as, until, after, before 注意：if表示“是否”时不遵循主将从现的规则 1. I’ll talk to him when he ______. A. come B. will come C. comes D. came 2. I don’t know if it _____ tomorrow. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining
4. 普遍真理，一般规律 Light travels faster than sound. Fish soon goes bad in hot weather.
一般过去时
1. 信号词：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 1 .My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League member for about a year. A. joined…has become B. joined…has been C. has joined…has been D. did join…had been 2. At the age of eleven, my grandfather _____ to work in a factory. A. began B. has begun C. will begin D. begins 3. Betty ____ morning exercises yesterday. A. not did B. don't do C. didn’t do D. won’t do
2. hit, hurt, put, cut, cost, set, read, spread的过去式和过去分词无变化,注意时态辨别。 1. Father put on his cap and ____ out. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 2. The book cost Helen ten yuan.改写为： 一般疑问句：___________________________. 否定句：_______________________________. 反义疑问句：____________________________.
3.主句谓语动词为过去时，从句谓语动词也用过去时。 注意：从句叙述普遍真理或一般规律时例外。 1. I didn't know you were so busy. 2. Joan ____ me whether I _____ the book before. A. asked…had read B. asked…shall read C. asked…would read D. asked…has read 3. We expected that the English teacher _______ some advice on how to write an English letter. A. will give B. gave C. is going to give D. would give 4.The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.
4. 既可以用于一般现在时也可以用于一般过去时的词 seldom, usually, sometimes, often, never, every day eg. She often came to help us in those days.
现在进行时、过去进行时
现在进行时
1. 现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作 Someone is asking for you on the phone.
2. 常见信号词：(right)now, at present, at the moment, at this time, these days, etc. The students are having an English lesson now.
3. 按计划或安排要进行的动作,信号词：go, come, leave start, arrive, work, have, stay, play, return, etc. -- Tom, supper is ready. Come quickly. -- Ok. I’m coming.
4. 用于含有Look! Listen! Be careful!的句中 Be careful! The glass is falling down.
5. 一般不用现在进行时的动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel love, like, enjoy, hate hope, wish be, have think, know, remember, forget
过去进行时
1. 过去某时刻或某段时间正在进行的事 I was reading the newspaper at 6:30 this morning.
2. at this time yesterday, at that time, then, at five o’clock in the afternoon, from two to three yesterday afternoon或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
At that time, I was reading a newspaper.
3. 过去某件事情发生时，另外一个动作正在进行 1. The earthquake started while I was doing some shopping. 2. I was typing a letter while my daughter was searching for information on the Internet.
现在完成时，过去完成时
现在完成时
1. 已完成 She has left. I have finished my work.
2. 未完成 I have lived here for 10 years. I’ve known her for 5 years.
3. 信号词：since+时间点,for+时间段, recently, lately, in the past few years, already , ever, never, just, yet, once, before I’m 15 now, I have lived here since I was 5. = I have lived here since 2003. = I have lived here for 10 years.
4. have been (to) ，have gone (to) 与have been in的区别 I’ve been to Beijing for many time. I know it well. We can’t go shopping with Susan now, she has gone to Japan. He has been abroad many times. He has gone home. I have been in Shanghai for more than 10 years.
5. 与一般过去时的区别: __________________________________. I saw the film just now. I have just seen the film.
过去完成时
1. 过去的过去 –Did you see Tom at the party -- No, he _______ by the time I got there. A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left
2. 信号词： by the end of last year(term, month…),by yesterday, by the time, before, after, etc. By the end of last month we had reviewed four books.
*By the end of next month we will have reviewed four books.
两点注意
1. 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 =非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换: begin/ start – be on, borrow – keep, buy – have, close – be closed, come – be back/ here, catch a cold – have a cold, die – be dead, fall asleep – be asleep, finish – be over, leave – be away from, join – be in/ be a member of, open – be open, put on – wear, wake up – be awake He joined the League two years ago. = Two years has passed since he joined the League.
= It is two years since he joined the League. =It has been two years since he joined the League.
= He has been in the League for two years.
2. 不规则动词 A-A-A A-B-A A-B-B burst, cost, cut, hit, hurt, let, put, read become, come, overcome, run bend, bring, build, burn, buy, catch, deal, dig
一般将来时, 过去将来时
一般将来时
1. 第一人称+shall, 所有人称+will表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 I shall/ will turn off the lights when I leave the room. When shall we meet again
2. be going to do表示(1)计划、打算做某事 (2) 根据目前情况很可能要发生的事 1. I’m going to visit my grandparents next Friday evening. 2. It’s windy. It’s going to rain.
3.信号词：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, the coming Sunday, in the future, etc. My father will be back home from Japan in a week.
4. 主将从现 1. Mary will go shopping when she has time. 2. You will stay alone after I leave.
5. 一些表示状态或位置转移的动词用现在进行时表示将来：come, go, arrive, leave, etc. Are you going to the wetlands phone show next week
过去将来时
1. 从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句 1. He said he would go to Beijing the next day.
2. I asked who was going there.
2. 信号词：the next day(morning, year…),later, soon, the following month(week…),etc. Yesterday our class teacher said we would soon have an outing.
命题点一：一般现在时，一般过去时
1．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）Some adults ________ to the hospital to have a physical checkup once a year.
A．go B．have gone C．are going D．went
2．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Wendy ________ two cups of coffee in the garden every morning.
A．drink B．is drinking C．drinks D．drank
3．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）My father ________ the underground to work on weekdays. He is a green consumer.
A．take B．takes C．took D．has taken
4．（2022·上海嘉定·统考二模）As a local journalist, John ________ big events of the city every day.
A．will report B．reports C．was reporting D．reported
5．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）As a green consumer, Tim usually ________ around the city by public transport.
A．travels B．travelled C．will travel D．is travelling
6．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）When Wang Yaping stayed in the space station, she ________ lessons to over 60 million students.
A．has given B．was given C．gave D．gives
7．（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）Shenzhou XIII ________ three Chinese astronauts into space in October, 2021.
A．carries B．carried C．has carried D．had carried
8．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）The three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIII mission ________ home on April 16, 2022.
A．returns B．returned C．will return D．had returned
9．（2022·上海徐汇·统考模拟预测）Jeffery has had many Chinese friends since he _______ to China two years ago.
A．has come B．comes C．would come D．came
10．（2022·上海浦东新·统考二模）Janet was so tired. She lay down on the sofa and soon ________ asleep.
A．falls B．fell C．will fall D．had fallen
命题点二：现在进行时、过去进行时
11．（2022·上海徐汇·统考模拟预测）— Excuse me, can I have a word with Doctor Smith
— I’m sorry, Doctor Smith _______ on a patient at the moment.
A．is operating B．operated C．has operated D．will operate
12．（2022·上海金山·统考二模）Jenny ________ the violin now, and she will give a performance in the school concert next Friday.
A．plays B．played C．will play D．is playing
13．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）—Nick, take out the trash, please.
—Wait a minute, Mom. I ________ an e-mail to Mr. Smith now.
A．write B．am writing C．wrote D．will write
14．（2021·上海奉贤·统考二模）Betty can’t join us in the card game. She ________ the classroom.
A．has cleaned B．was cleaning C．has cleaned D．is cleaning
15．（2021·上海嘉定·统考一模）You’d better not disturb Kathy now as she ________ her speech for tomorrow’s meeting.
A．is preparing B．will prepare C．was preparing D．has prepared
16．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）When Sam ________ tennis with his brother, he heard a strange noise from the bush.
A．play B．was playing C．is reading D．has played
17．（2023·上海静安·统考一模）Alan took photos of his friends when they ________ with children happily in the park.
A．had played B．have played C．are playing D．were playing
18．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）This time yesterday Jack ________ his car with his brothers.
A．repair B．repaired C．is repairing D．was repairing
19．（2022·上海奉贤·统考二模）Alice _______ in the tea house with her best friend this time yesterday.
A．relaxed B．had relaxed C．has relaxed D．was relaxing
20．（2022·上海静安·统考二模）While the young mum ________, her baby suddenly cried in the bedroom.
A．cooked B．was cooked C．was cooking D．would cook
命题点三：现在完成时，过去完成时
21．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）It is reported that the bush fire ________ in serious economic losses in that country.
A．result B．is resulting C．would result D．has resulted
22．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）The new famous chain restaurant ________ near our neighborhood recently.
A．opens B．opened C．has opened D．will open
23．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Paper decorations ________ from the ceiling in every classroom last week.
A．were hanged B．were hung C．had been hanged D．had been hung
24．（2023·上海静安·统考一模）Susan ________ us three effective ways of memorizing new words since she started her speech.
A．showed B．has showed C．would show D．was showing
25．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Sue ________ many complaints from her neighbours since she opened the pet shop.
A．receives B．is receiving C．received D．has received
26．（2022·上海杨浦·统考二模）I ________ all Harry Potter books by the time I was ten!
A．read B．have read C．would read D．had read
27．（2022·上海松江·统考二模）The students in our school ________ about 8,000 yuan for SPCA by this time yesterday.
A．are raising B．were raising C．has raised D．had raised
28．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）By the end of last year, Roy ________ in that post office for thirty years.
A．worked B．would work C．had worked D．has worked
29．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Emily and her parents ________ each other for weeks by yesterday afternoon.
A．didn’t see B．haven’t seen C．hadn’t seen D．wouldn’t see
30．（2022·上海奉贤·统考二模）By the age of 15, Su Yiming _______ to train on the national team.
A．began B．has begun C．will begin D．had begun
命题点四：一般将来时, 过去将来时
31．（2019·上海黄浦·统考一模）I’ve ordered some flowers for Grandma and they ________ in two hours.
A．will arrive B．arrived C．have arrived D．had arrived
32．（2021·上海崇明·统考二模）Laura________ to her hometown to visit her grandparents next weekend.
A．drive B．drove C．will drive D．has driven
33．（2021·上海·模拟预测）My friend Kitty loves traveling. She ________ Beijing this coming holiday.
A．visits B．is going to visit
C．visits to D．is going to visit to
34．（2021·上海浦东新·统考一模）I ________ a blouse for my mum if I don’t think of a better idea for a present.
A．bought B．buy C．am buying D．will buy
35．（2020·上海静安·统考一模）They hope the new project ________ the cultural cooperation in the near future.
A．furthers B．furthered C．has furthered D．will further
36．（2022·上海松江·统考二模）Harry said he ________ the Butchart Gardens in Victoria City in the coming holidays.
A．would visit B．had visited C．is visiting D．visited
37．（2022·上海虹口·统考二模）Peter said that his daughter ________ from university the next June.
A．had graduated B．graduated C．would graduate D．will graduate
38．（2021·上海杨浦·统考三模）My friends said they ________ here by 9 p.m., but they haven’t arrived yet.
A．will be B．had been C．have been D．would be
39．（2022·上海·统考二模）My dad promised on his birthday that he ________ smoking in the near future.
A．will give up B．would give up C．gave up D．had given up
40．（2021·上海宝山·统考二模）The manager told us that the company ________ modern robots to do some of the work soon.
A．used B．uses C．will use D．would use
