2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习：第5讲-数词-教案

课程主题： 数词 2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习
学习目标 1、掌握数词的基础用法2、重点掌握基数词以及序数词在中考题目中的灵活运用。
教学内容
【进门测试】一、写出下列序数词1. 第十二______________ 2. 第六十九______________3. 第二十五_____________ 4. 第210_______________5. 第二十四 ____________ 6. 第三十______________7. 第五十七_____________ 8. 第四 ________________二、单项选择1. He was doing some washing __________.A. at eight yesterday morning B. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eight D. by eight yesterday morning2. There are _______ days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five3. There are _______students in this school. A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundreds and forty-sixC. eight hundred and forty-six D. eight hundred forty-six4. Every year ________ watch NBA on TV. A. million people B. millions of people C. millions people D. million of people5. Look! There are ______in the sky. A. thousand stars B. thousand of stars C. thousands of stars D. thousands of star6. girls took part in the Happy Girl Competition but only few of them succeeded.A. Million of B. Many million of C. One million of D. Millions of7. trees have been planted near here, so the air is very fresh.A. Two hundreds B. Hundred of C. Hundreds of D. Hundreds 答案：一：twelfth sixty-ninth twenty-fifth two hundred and tenth twenty-fourth thirtieth fifty-seventh fourth二：A C C B C D C【多元导学】你能猜出下列谚语的含义吗？赶紧试试吧！1. One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 2. Two heads are better than one. 3. Kill two birds with one stone. 4. The first step being taken, the rest is easy. 5. Two dogs strive for a bone and the third runs away with it. 批注：让学生阅读并试着翻译所给出的谚语，找出其中的数词，注意观察基数词和序数词的不同用法。答案：1. 一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃.三个和尚没水吃。2. 三个臭皮匠, 赛过诸葛亮。(或两人智慧胜一人。）3. 一箭双雕。4. 万事开头难。5. 鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。【互动精讲】知识点一 数词的含义和分类【知识梳理1】数词的基本概念表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词(numeral)。表示数目多少的数词叫做基数词(cardinal numberal), 如one, ten, fifty-two等。表示顺序先后的数词叫做序数词(ordinal numeral), 如first, tenth, fiftieth等。【知识梳理2】数词的分类一、基数词：表示数目的词称为基数词，下面是最常用的基数词：1 one 11 eleven 2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety10 ten100 one(a) hundred 百1 000 one(a) thousand 千10 000 ten thousand 万100 000 one(a) hundred thousand 十万1 000 000 one(a) million 百万二、序数词：序数词表示事物的顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。常用的序数词如下：序数词缩写序数词缩写firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thtwentiethtwenty-firstthirtieththirty-fifthfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredth20th21st30th35th40th50th60th70th80th90th100th基数词和序数词间的转化规律：基数词变为序数词的规则(口诀)基变序，有规律，词尾加上th；一、二、三特殊记，八去“t”,九去“e”；“ve”要用f替，见“y”变成“ie”词尾加上“th”；若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。【例题精讲】例1. One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 一个和尚没水喝，两个和尚挑水喝，三个和尚没水喝。例2. Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。【巩固练习】1. It’s the _________ (第一)time for Nanjing to hold the Asia Bike Show．It is sure to be a great success． 2. The Eiffel Tower, a cultural icon of France, was completed at the end of the (nineteen) century. Keys：1.first/1st 2.nineteenth/19th知识点二 基数词的用法【知识梳理1】基数词用法1. 时间的表达12小时制时刻的读法分为顺读法和倒读法。顺读法是依次读“点钟数、分钟数”。倒读法中，在前半小时：“分钟数＋past＋已过点钟数”；在后半小时：“分钟数＋to＋下个钟点数”。半小时用“half”，一刻钟用quarter6: 00读作：six(o'clock)7: 30顺读：seven thirty 倒读：half past seven9: 15顺读：nine fifteen 倒读：a quarter past nine2: 45顺读：two forty- five 倒读：a quarter to three21: 50顺读：twenty- one fifty 倒读：ten to ten in the evening＝9: 50p.m.24: 00读作：twenty- four hundred hours＝midnightThe bus usually leaves at 19:15. 公共汽车通常在19:15离开。(读作a quarter past seven in the evening 或nineteen fifteen)2. 表示计量：表示事物的计量，即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度3. 表示编号：编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示4. 表示不确切的数字：基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字5. 表示年龄和岁数1）表示年龄的主要句式如下：He is 10(years of age). 他10 岁。He is 10 yeas old. 他10 岁。He is a ten-year-old boy. 他是个10岁的男孩子。He is a boy of 10 yeas old. 他是个10岁的男孩子。
At the age of ten, he began to learn English. 他10岁开始学英语。2) 介词in+ one’s twenties (thirties…) 表示 “在某人20多岁（30多岁……）”。6. 表示年代：表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the ,如1980’s
（20世纪80年代），读作：nineteen eighties. 7. 表示百分数：百分数的表达方式是：基数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词批注：小数的表达：小数点前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全相同，小数点读作“point”，小数点后只需将数字一一读出。15. 67读作fifteen point six seven0. 009读作zero point zero zero nine 或nought point nought nought nine表示一些数学公式：“加”用plus/and，“减”用minus，“乘”用times，“除”用divided by，动词多用单数，如：3＋5＝8读作：Three plus/and five is eight.9－2＝7读作：Nine minus two is seven.6×5＝30读作：Five times six is thirty.8÷4＝2读作：Eight divided by four is two.8. 数词和名词连用，加连字符相当于形容词 He is a ten-year-old boy. = He is a boy of 10 yeas old 他是一个10岁的男孩。注意有“-”时名词后不可写复数形式，其作为一个整体相当于形容词，只作定语。而不加“-”时，当基数词大于1时，之后的名词要注意用复数，只能作表语。 类似这样的用法，还有：three-meter-high 三米高的 four-meter-wide 4米宽的【例题精讲】例1：—How much does it cost to build the school library —Four ____ yuan. A. million B. millions C. millions of D. million of解析：基数词后直接加million。答案：A例2：The water behind the Three Gorges Dam （三峡大坝）should be ______ higher than down-stream （下游）。A. sixty-five meter B. sixty-fifth meterC. sixty-five meters D. sixty-fifth meters解析： 根据句中higher和选项中的meter可判断出用基数词，meter可数, 需用其复数形式。答案：C例3：—How amazing the noodle is!—Yes, it is __________ , and breaks the Guinness World Record as the longest handmade noodle. A. 1,704-meter-long B. 1,704-meters-longC. 1,704 meter long D. 1,704 meters long解析：对于事物长度的表达用基数词，注意当数量超过1时量词用复数。A只能作定语，D只作表语。答案：D例4： The Sutong Highway Bridge, a __________ bridge, is already open to traffic. A. 32 kilometre long B. 32-kilometre-longC. 32 kilometres long D. 32-kilometres-long解析：注意基数词和计量单位间用“-”连接时相当于形容词的用法可直接修饰名词，计量单位不可加-s。答案：B例5：You'll have ________ holiday next week. Where are you going A．a seven- day B．seven -days C．a seven day D．a seven -days'解析：此题考查数词作定语，常用“数词＋名词”结构，一个7天的假期，应为a seven- day holiday。这种结构中应将度量表达方式置于所修饰词之前，名词用单数形式，且数词和名词之间用连字号连接。答案：A知识点三 序数词的用法【知识梳理1】序数词用法1. 序数词主要用作定语、表语，前面一般要加定冠词the。 2. 序数词前不用定冠词的情况①表示顺序的语气很弱，具有“又一”、“再一”的意思时，其前要用不定冠词，不用定冠词。②序数词前有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或every时，不用定冠词。③在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词。④数词与名词构成复合名词时，不用定冠词。⑤序数词用作副词时，不用定冠词。⑥在一些由序数词构成的固定词组里不用定冠词。【例题精讲】例1： It’s the _________ (第一)time for Nanjing to hold the Asia Bike Show．It is sure to be a great success．解析：根据第一，可直接翻译为first/1st。答案：first/1st例2: Our classroom is on the ______ (第二) floor of the teaching building.答案：second/2nd。知识点四 分数的表达【知识梳理1】分数的表达方式是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母要加s.如：a(=one) third 三分之一 one fifth 五分之一two thirds / two-thirds 三分之二 three fourths/ three-fourths 四分之三批注：分数的表达分子与分母之间是否加连字符，后面的s都不能少。这点和ten-year-old这种结构是不一样的。注意区分。1/2读作“a(one)half”(而不是a second“一秒钟”)；1/4既可读作“a(one)quarter”，又可读作“a(one)fourth”，3/4，也可读作“three quarters”。【例题精讲】例1：The Eiffel Tower, a cultural icon of France, was completed at the end of the (nineteen) century.解析：根据题意是第十九世纪，基数词改序数词，规则变化直接在其后加-th或填写缩写形式19th 。答案：nineteenth/19th例2： I got a new bicycle from my father on my (sixteen) birthday. I like it very much. 解析：根据birthday可判断出前应填序数词，规则变化直接加-th或填写缩写形式16th。答案：sixteenth/16th【课堂练习】单选题：1. Inside a box there are six smaller boxes, and inside each small box are six much smaller boxes. How many boxes altogether _________ A. Thirty-six B. Thirty-seven C. Forty-three D. Forty-two2. The doctor worked for ____ after twelve o’clock. A. two more hours B. two another hour C. more two hours D. another two hour3. It is said that SARS has killed more than ___ people worldwide. A. two hundreds B. two hundreds’ C. two hundred’s D. two hundred4. ____ people are fighting against SARS. A. Million of B. A million of C. Millions of D. Several millions5. _____ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympics. A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of6. Jenny was born __________.A. on July 10, 1987 B. in July 10, 1987 C. in 1987, July 10 D. on 19877. The number of the books in this bookshop is only about _______ of that in the library. A. two-fifths B. second-fifth C. two-fifth D. second-fifthsKeys：C A D C D A A填空题：1. Every year, _______(百万) of people donate money to the Hope Project. 2. It is unbelievable that the old lady chose to parachute (跳伞) in her ____________ (90). 3. In his ____________ (forty), the middle-aged man finished half of the book. 4. Which number is bigger, seven _______(12) or a half 5. In the sports meeting, little Matthew only came ______ (十二) and didn’t enter the final. 6. My grandma seems to be in her late________ (九十) this year. 7. Seven ____________ (twelve) of the students have taken part in the tree-planting activity since Monday. 8. He has failed eight times and has decided to try a _____(nine) time. 9. You were such a lucky dog that you got the chance to travel around the world next week. Only one out of ________ (九) can get it. 10. William didn’t move to Switzerland until in his __________ (四十). 11. He has donated five ____________ (十二) of his money to children in poor areas. Keys：1.millions 2.nineties 3.forties 4.twelfths 5.twelfth nineties 7.twelfths 8.ninth 9.nine 10.forties 11.twelfths完形填空训练 AHow often do You let other people's rude actions change your mood Do you let a bad driver or an impolite waiter make your day in a mess However, the mark of your wise reply to the actions is how ___1___you can come back to smiling to them. Sixteen years ago, I learned this____2____ at the back of a taxi in New York.We were driving fast in the right lane (车道) when suddenly, a black car jumped__3___ a parking space right to front of us. My taxi driver stepped on the brake (刹车) as hard as possible, and at the____4____moment our car stopped just one inch from the back of the other car.I couldn't __5___ what happened next. The driver of the car turned his head around and started___6____bad words. But then here's what really___ 7____ me. My taxi driver just smiled and waved (挥手致意) at the guy. I said, "Why did you just do that This guy nearly ___8___us!" He told me what I now remember "The Law of the Garbage (垃圾) Truck."He said, “Like garbage trucks, many people run around full of garbage, full of anger, and full of regret. ____9___their garbage increases more and more, they look for a place to pour it. If you let them, they'll pour it on you. So when someone wants to pour it on you, don't feel hurt. Just smile, wave, and move on. You will be___10___.”I started thinking: how often do I let Garbage Trucks run right over me And how often do I take their garbage and___11___it to other people Then I knew clearly what I should do.I began to see Garbage Trucks. I see the bad__12___people are carrying. I see them coming to pour it. And like my taxi driver, I don't feel hurt. I just smile, wave, and move on。1 .A. clearly B. quickly C. exactly D. correctly2.A. example B. experience C. lesson D. case3.A. out of B. across C. next to D. far from4 .A. next B. busy C. right D. last5.A. doubt B. consider C. accept D. believe6.A.shouting B. telling C. whispering D. expressing7.A. cheered B. encouraged C. surprised D. satisfied8.A. attacked B. killed C. warned D. beat9. A. Since B. While C. As D. Before10.A. happier B. busier C. safer D. luckier11 .A. donate B. lend C. spread D. hang12 .A. news B. prize C. name D. moodKeys：BCADD ACBCA CD 【课堂检测】一、考查基数词与序数的构成及用法 This Saturday is my birthday. Welcome to my party! A. fourteenth B. the fourteenth C. fourteen D. the fourteen 【解析】答案A。该题句意为“这个星期六是我的第十四个生日。欢迎来参加我的聚会。”基数词13~19都是以-teen结尾，是由个位基数词词干加后缀-teen构成。序数词“第一(二、三)”为first, second和third，其他序数词的构成是在基数词后加-th。一般情况下，序数词前面通常要加定冠词，但有人称代词所有格修饰时，定冠词则要删去。根据题意，故选A。 注意:容易拼写错误的数词有:five-fifth;nine-ninth; twelve-welfth; twenty-wentieth。 二、考查分数的构成及用法 —Mum, of my classmates glasses. —Oh, my God. You need to protect your eyes well. A. three-fourths; wears B. three-fourth; wear C. three-fourth; wears D. three-fourths; wear 【解析】答案D。该题句意为“妈妈，我们班四分之三的同学都戴眼镜。”“哦，天哪。你们需要好好保护眼睛。”分数的构成原则是:分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数。根据句意，表示“四分之三”应该说three fourths;“分数(百分数)+名词”作主语时，句子中谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词的单复数，句中的my classmates是复数形式，谓语动词则应用复数形式。故选D。 三、考查hundred, thousand, million等词的用法 一" Food Safety" has become one of the hottest topics recently. —Yeah, it receives Internet hits a day. A. thousands B. thousands of C. thousand D. hundreds 【解析】答案B。该题句意为“食品安全成了当前热点话题之一。”“是啊，它一天网上点击量成千上万。”当hundred, thousand, million前面有具体数字表示准确的数目时，后面不能加-s，且不与of连用;当hundred, thousand等前面没有具体数词时，表示不具体、不准确的数目时，需要与of连用，词尾须加-s，本题中表示“成千上万网上点击量”，应该说thousands ofInternet hits。故选B。 四、考查含基数词的复合形容词用法 (2017年泰安卷)It is five years since we began to enjoy a spring holiday each year.A. ten-day B. ten day C. ten day's D. ten days【解析】答案A。该题句意为“我们开始享受每年十天的春假已经有五年了。”“基数词+名词(+形容词)”构成的复合形容词作定语时，其中的名词用单数形式。“十天”作前置定语的表达为ten-day，注意须用连字符号。故选A。词汇填空1. It is said that the _______(第五) bridge will be built across the river soon. 2. Millie is busy preparing for a party to celebrate her cousin’s ______________(twelve) birthday. 3. It’s my cousin’s___________ (第十) birthday next week. 4. Fifty-one minus thirty-eight is ___________.5. There are ______________ days in a week. 6. W is _________ letter in the alphabet.7. How much is thirty divided by five ____________8. The Olympic Games are held every _______ years.Keys：1. fifth/5th 2. twelfth/12th 3. tenth/10th 4. Thirteen 5.seven 6. twenty-third 7. six 8. four单项选择1. Please turn to ________. Let’s read the text aloud.A. Page Two B. the page two C. second page D. page second2. My brother is in______.A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one3. ---Good morning, madam. Can I help you --- Sure, I’d like ________for cooking vegetables.A. two cups of tea B. three pieces of bread C. five kilos of oil D. two meat4. —Which class won the match in the end —I’m not quite sure. Perhaps _________did.A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three Class5. There are ________ people in the supermarket. It's so crowded.A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundred of D．hundreds of6. The number of the students in our school is about nine ____. ____ of them are boys.A. hundred; Two thirds B. hundred; Two third C. hundreds; Two thirds D. hundreds; Two third7. Because of Project Hope, _______children have better lives.A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of8. --- Do you know the boy________ is sitting next to Peter --- Yes. He is Peter’s friend. They are celebrating his ________ birthday. A. who; ninth B. that; nineth C. /; nineth D. which; ninth9..Today is Jack's birthday. He is years old now.A. fourteenth B. fourteen C. the fourteenth D. the fourteen10.My grandparents live in an old apartment with floors and they are on the floor.A. fifth; three B fifth; third C. five; three D. five; third11.My father gave me a bike on my birthday.A. ten B. a tenth C. the tenth D. tenth12. —How old is your daughter 一 . We had a special party for her birthday yesterday.A. Nine; nine B. Nine; ninth C. Ninth; ninth D. Ninth; nine13.—What do you think of the environment here —Wonderful! of the land covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifths; is B. Two fifth; isC. Two fifths; are D. Two fifth; are14. Kobe's fans watched his final match and of them were men.A. Million of; three fourthsB. Three millions; third fourC. Millions of; three fourthsD. Three million; third fours15.Last year, three hundred English teachers took part in the English Training.A. two-month B. two-months C. two months D. two monthKeys：1-5 ABCCD 6-10 ADABD 11-15 DBACA【要点回顾】1.中考对数词的考察主要主要包括：1.掌握年、月、日的表达方法；2.掌握基数词和序数词的构成和及其用法；3.分数的表达和主谓一致；考察hundred、thousand、million和billion等词的用法2、解题方法1.审题清晰，抓住句中的关键词，确定用基数词还是序数词；2.记住一些常考用法，如分数的表达，长宽高的表述；3注意主谓一致，找准句子的主语，确定谓语动词。【温故知新】 完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）I have always liked going to school. I enjoy learning new things and 16 new people there. I try to consider my school work as a challenge 17 an unpleasant duty. My parents have taught me the 18 of a good education and importance of always doing my best.My father says that school is “the cradle（摇篮）of 19 ”. I think that is true. A student beginning school can be compared with a baby who is put into a cradle, where it begins 20 . In school, the student begins his education, which will continue as long as he lives.My school is not very large, but I think it is 21 . This year I’m studying Maths, English, Chinese, Science, History and Geography to prepare for Senior High School. My teachers are very strict. We study hard in class and always have homework. I’m learning more and more day by day. My best grades are in English and science. My English teacher is 22 me to continue my English studies after high school. She is my best and favorite teacher. She is always patient enough to help me when I have questions. I show great 23 to her.I believe a good education is one of the most 24 things a person can have. 25 I take part in many social activities, my school work is always put the first place. I believe if a student has a positive attitude about school, he will enjoy it more and learn more from it. 16. A. showing B. knowing C. looking D. meeting17. A. instead of B. better than C. more than D. because of18. A. value B. price C. cost D. duty19. A. introduction B. contribution C. education D. instruction20. A. sleeping B. crying C. growing D. learning21. A. well B. excellent C. bad D. awful22. A. warning B. encouraging C. allowing D. hoping23. A. greetings B. respect C. interest D. patience24. A. important B. difficult C. surprising D. interesting25. A. If B. Unless C. Although D. Until答案：16—20 DAACC 21—25 BBBAC预习思考常考的情态动词的用法有哪些？