(共36张PPT)
小 升 初 英 语 总 复 习
词法
第三讲 - 代词
【核心考点】
专题 03《 词 法(代词)》
学习目标
1.代词的分类
2.例题赏析
3. 巩固练习
代词的分类
人称代词
物主代词
指示代词
反身代词
疑问代词
不定代词
考点分析
代词是代替名词以及代替起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。
如:—Mary, is this your bag
玛丽,这是你的包吗?
—No, it isn't.
不,它不是我的。(it代替the bag)
代词的含义:
考点一 代词的分类
代词根据其意思和用法可分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词、不定代词等。
人称代词
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
主格 I we you you he she it they
宾格 me us you you him her it them
物主代词
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
形容词性物主代词 my our your your his her its their
名词性物主代词 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs
指示代词
指示代词 数 用法
this / that 单数 后面接动词的单数形式
these / those 复数 后面接动词的复数形式
温馨提示:this/these 指空间上较近的事物;that/those 指空间上较远的事物。
如:This is my bike.这是我的自行车。
That is your bike.那是你的自行车。
These are chairs.这些是椅子。
Those are desks.那些是书桌。
指示代词
反身代词
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself herself itself themselves
不定人称 oneself
疑问代词
疑问代词 意义 替代范围
who 谁 人
whom 谁 人
whose 谁的 人
what 什么 事、物
which 哪一个 人、事、物
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。
小学阶段所涉及的不定代词主要有both, all, some, any和 every。
(1)both 和 all 的用法辨析both 表示“两者都”,谓语动词用复数形式。
all 表示“三者或三者以上都”,后接复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式,后接不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:Both of you are right.你们两人都对。All students are right.所有学生都对。
不定代词
不定代词
(2)some 和 any 的用法辨析some和 any都有“一些”的意思。
some通常用于肯定句中, any用于否定句或疑问句中。
如:There are some trees in the garden.花园里有一些树。
Are there any trees in the garden 花园里有一些树吗?
There aren't any trees in the garden.花园里没有任何树木。
温馨提示:
在表示请求或建议,希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,应用 some请给我些水好吗?而不用any。
如: Can I have some water, please
不定代词
(3)much 和 many的用法辨析much和many都是表示数量的不定代词,都有“许多、大量”的意思。
much后面接不可数名词, many后面接可数名词。
如:I don't have many friends.我朋友不多。
How much water do you need 你需要多少水?
不定代词
(4)every 和 each 的用法辨析every和 each都有“每个”的意思,都是表示个体含义的单词。
every表示“各个” ,有“整体之中的每一个”的含义,谓语动词用单数形式。each表示“每个”,强调个体概念,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:Every child had a good time at the party.在聚会上,每一个孩子都玩得很开心。
She has a bottle in each hand.她两只手各拿着一个瓶子。
不定代词
(5)every表示“每一个” ,可以和one, body, thing这些单词组合形成 everyone, everybody 和 everything。
当every及其复合词作主语时,后面动词要用第三人称单数形式。
如:Is everybody here 大家都到了吗
Everything is good today.今天一切都很好。
例 题 解 析
例题解析
单项选择
( )1.—Is your brother running in the park
—No, ______ is swimming in the river.
A. she B. his C. her D. he
思路点拨: 空格处在句中作主语,用人称代词的主格代替前文中的your brother。
例题解析
单项选择
( )2.—Where is my pen
—Oh, sorry. I took ______ by mistake.
A. yours B. mine C. hers D. his
思路点拨:第 2 题考查物主代词,yours“你的”,mine“我的”,hers“她的”,his“他的”,四个选项都是名词性物主代词。题意为“我的钢笔在哪里?”“对不起,我错拿了你的。”空格中需用名词性物主代词 yours。
例题解析
单项选择
( )3.—Look! Do youknow _____ man under the tree
—Sorry. It's too far. I can't see _______ .
A. this; him B. that; his C. this; her D. that; him
思路点拨: 第 3 题考查指示代词和人称代词宾格。this表示较近距离的事物,that 表示较远距离的事物,由后句 too far 可排除 A 项和C项。动词 see 后应用宾格 him。
例题解析
单项选择
( )4.There is no name on the book. ______ is it?
A. Whose B. What C. Which D. Who
思路点拨: 第4题题意为“书上没有名字,它是谁的 ” whose “谁的” , what “什么”, which“哪一个”, who“谁”。根据题意,应选whose。
例题解析
选出每组中表达正确的句子,并在它后面的括号里写“T”。
1. A.There is some bread in the fridge. ( )
B. There is any bread in the fridge. ( )
2. A.All of Tom's parents are teachers.( )
B. Both of Tom's parents are teachers.( )
思路点拨:
本题考查词义相近的不定代词的辨析。第1题中不相同的两个词是some和any, some通常用于肯定句中, any用于疑问句和否定句中,因此B项错误。第 2 题是辨析 all和 both的用法,all 表示“三者或三者以上都”,both 表示“两者都”,Tom的父母是两个人,故B项正确。
巩 固 练 习
按要求写单词。
1. we(单数) _________
2. my(复数) ________
3. those(对应词)_________
4. he(名词性物主代词)_________
5. her(主格)_________
6. your(反身代词)_________
I
our
these
his
she
yourself/yourselves
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.这是一辆汽车。
_______ is a car.
2. 那是一辆自行车吗?
_______ ______ a bike
3,这些苹果是绿色的,而那些苹果是红色的。
_______ apples are green, but ________ are red.
This
Is
that
These
those
4.-—你是谁?——你是南希吗
_______ are you
_______ ______ Nancy
5. 请这边走。
_______ way, please.
6,那是我的学校,我非常喜欢它。
______ is _______ school, and_____ like it very much.
Who
Are you
This
That
my
I
7,这支钢笔是她的。
The pen is _________.
8. (打电话)喂,我是汤姆,你是大卫吗
Hello, this is Tom. Is ________ David
9,我们应该独立做家庭作业。
We should do our homework by _________.
10. 你能帮助他们吗?
Can you help __________
hers
that
ourselves
them
用括号内所给代词的适当形式填空。
1. This is not your book. It is _______ (my).
2. —Is that ________ (you) computer —No, it is _______ (she).
3. I made it by _______ (my).
4. You can speak to _______ (he).
5. Rabbits are white and lovely. ______ like jumping and running. Do you like ________ (they)
mine
your
hers
myself
her
They
them
用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
6.—Mike, are these ________(we) storybooks
—Yes, they're ________(we).
7. The girl behind _______(I) is my friend.
8. Let ______(we) go to the park.
9. I have a cat. _________(It) name is Mimi.
10. It's a tiger. Don't touch______(it). It's dangerous.
our
ours
me
us
Its
it
选用some和any填空。
1. Did you buy ___________ pumpkin lanterns
2. There are _________ candles on the cake.
3. There isn't _______water in the bottle.
4. ________ students can answer this question.
5. Can I have _______ milk
6. I have _________ good news for you.
7. Would you like_______ bananas
8. She did________exercises yesterday..
any
some
any
Some
some
some
some
some
把下列字母重新组成疑问词,并把它们填入句子中。
cwih woh oeshw wyh hawt
1.________ is your name —I'm Mary.
2. ________ one do you like —The white one.
3._______ is the girl —My sister.
4._______ football is this -Sorry, I don't know.
5. _______do you like winter Because I can ice-sk ate.
What
Which
Who
Whose
Why
用正确的物主代词填空。
1. This is my book. It's _______ .
2. That is ________ pencil. It's yours.
3. That beautiful dress is Mary's. It's _______.
4. I think the dirty football is Mike's. _______ is always dirty.
5. These new books aren't ours. They're John's and Amy's. __________ are new.
mine
hers
your
His
Theirs