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牛津版（广州·深圳）初中英语七年级下册Module 3 Unit 5随堂检测
一、选出读音不同的单词
（）选择下面单词中划线部分读音不同的单词
1．
A．here B．care C．cheer D．dear
2．
A．jump B．give C．orange D．apologize
3．
A．camera B．circle C．excellent D．complete
4．
A．carry B．finally C．fly D．library
5．
A．allow B．power C．blow D．how
二、单选题
6．（） uses about as taking a shower.
A．Have a bath, two times as many water
B．Having a bath, twice as many water
C．Having a bath, twice as much water
D．Have a bath, twice as much water
7．（）Quite students here learn cooking after school.
A．many B．a lot C．few D．a few
8．（）The new car is very expensive, _____my dad won't buy it.
A．and B．so C．but D．or
9．（）They are having a meeting. Please the radio.
A．turn off B．turn down C．turn on D．turn up
10．（）—I'll meet you outside the school in half an hour, OK
— .
A．No, one hour later B．Yes, that's fine
C．OK, but I can manage D．No, I don't think so
三、语法填空
11．（）Most of the water in the world is not .(drink)
12．（）Having a bath (use) about (two) as (many) water as taking a shower.
13．（）Ocean water is .(salt)
14．To stay healthy, it's best not to (add) too much cooking oil to dishes.
15．Lucy heard an (angrily) voice from the living room.
16．Thank you for your (value) advice.
17．If you are tired, please stop (work) to have a rest.
18．Lucy, do you know how the clouds (form)
19．Water covers about two (three) of the Earth.
20． (Final), I returned home.
四、阅读理解
21．阅读理解
Imagine you are taking a walk on the
beautiful beach. Just then, your feet step over something and you hear a crack
(噼啪声) —an empty
plastic bottle. Things like this are happening more often because of sea
rubbish.
Studies show that 80% of all the waste is
from the land. The waste is mainly plastics (塑料制品)
which are really hard to degrade (降解). So the rubbish
will remain there for a long time. Some of the pollution is caused
accidentally. For example, about 10,000 product-filled boxes are lost at sea
every year from business ships. Sometimes people just throw things into the
water from boats or land. Many large rubbish areas are formed in the North
Pacific Ocean.
Thankfully, the situation isn't ignored (忽视). Groups like the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
are taking action to help clean the sea. Since 2006,76 projects have cleared
out 3,814 metric tons (公吨) of rubbish from the sea.
Methods of rubbish cleaning include using machines to remove (移除) the waste away from the surface of sea water. Besides, special
nets are set by the mouths of rivers to stop the rubbish before it reaches the
sea. If everyone does his part, sea rubbish seems like a problem that can be
solved.
（1）The sea waste made of __________will remain for a long time.
A．paper B．wood C．plastic D．cotton
（2）In the second paragraph we can know __________are also some of the sea rubbish.
A．special cleaning nets B．large factory machines
C．passing business boats D．lost product-filled boxes
（3）In order to __________, some projects are done by different groups.
A．stop people from fishing B．fight against the sea pollution
C．develop trade in the seafood D．produce new kinds of plastics
（4）In order to __________, special nets are set by the mouths of rivers.
A．prevent the rubbish reaching the sea
B．clean the surface of the dirty sea water
C．build more sea rubbish collecting areas
D．make people care about the environment
（5）According to the passage, we can imagine the future of the sea will be__________.
A．terrible B．dark C．quiet D．hopeful
五、任务型阅读
根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子放入文中空缺处，使短句内容通顺完整。
A. There, sunlight and waves (海浪) break the plastic waste down to very small pieces. B. The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans. C. According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic. D. The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world. E. However, the scientists aren't sure if the plastic is harmful to humans. F. Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study.
We have found plastic in the ocean and in animals like birds, fish and whales. But for the first time, scientists have found plastic in human poop (大便), USA Today reported. The findings came from a study led by scientists from Environment Agency Austria 22． The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample (大便样本) for testing.
23． About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool. "The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver (肝脏)," said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research. 24． They're not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers' bodies, either. But most of the volunteers said they drank from plastic bottles and also ate seafood that could include plastic from ocean pollution.
In fact, plastic is everywhere around us. Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean.
25． Most of the particles stay in the ocean. Others can spread into the soil and air. Could plastic in the air fall onto food and get into the human body
Some past studies may also give us a clue. 26． And even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．B
3．C
4．C
5．C
【知识点】辨音
【解析】【点评】考查单词的辩音，注意准确识记每个单词的音标，选出正确答案。
1．A： / h (r) / ，在这里；B：/ ke (r) /，照料；C：/ t (r) /，欢呼；D：/ d (r) /，亲爱的。根据音标可知选项B的划线字母发音为/e /，与其他的不同，故选B。
2．A： / d mp / ，跳；B：/ ɡ v /，给；C：/ r nd /，橙子；D：/ p l d a z /，道歉。根据音标可知选项B的划线字母发音为/ɡ/，与其他的不同，故选B。
3．A： / k m( )r / ，照相机；B：/ s k( )l /，圈子；C：/ eks l nt /，极好的；D：/ k m pli t /，完全的。根据音标可知选项C的划线字母发音为/s/，与其他的不同，故选C。
4．A： / k ri / ，携带；B：/ fa n li /，终于；C：/ fla /，飞；D：/ la br ri /，图书馆。根据音标可知选项C的划线字母发音为/a /，与其他的不同，故选C。
5．A： / la / ，允许；B：/ pa (r) /，权力；C：/ bl /，吹；D：/ ha /，怎样。根据音标可知选项C的划线字母发音为/ /，与其他的不同，故选C。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】倍数；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：泡澡的用水量大约是淋浴的两倍。A： Have a bath泡澡，two times as many water为错误选项，many不可修饰water，B： Having a bath泡澡，twice as many water为错误选项，many不可修饰water，C： Having a bath泡澡，twice as much water两倍的水，D： Have a bath泡澡，twice as much water两倍的水，have a bath泡澡，分析句子此处做主语，应用动名词having a bath做主语；water水，不可数名词应用much修饰，不能用many，故选C。
【点评】考查动名词，注意识记动名词做主语的用法。
7．【答案】D
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这里相当多的学生放学后学习烹饪。A： many许多，B： a lot许多，C： few很少，D： a few一些， 固定短语quite a few，相当多的，后加可数名词的复数形式，可知此处应用a few，故选D。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意识记短语quite a few的用法。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这辆新车很贵，所以我爸爸不会买。A： and和，B： so所以，C： but但是，D： or或者， 根据句子The new car is very expensive. 新车很贵，可知此处为因果关系，因为很贵，所以不买，应用so，故选B。
【点评】考查连词，注意识记so的用法。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他们正在开会。请关闭收音机。A： turn off关闭，B： turn down调低，C： turn on打开，D： turn up调高， 根据句子They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。可知此处是指要关闭收音机，应用turn off，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记短语turn off的用法。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——我半小时后在学校外面见你，好吗？——是的，很好。A： No, one hour later不，一小时后，later用于过去时中，B： Yes, that's fine是的，很好，C： OK, but I can manage好的，但我能应付，but与前面的OK矛盾，D： No, I don't think so不，我不这么认为，不符合语境，that's fine，好的，是用来回答提的建议，故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际，注意根据语境回答问题。
11．【答案】drinkable
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：世界上大部分的水都不能饮用。drink喝，实义动词，be动词is后面用形容词，drink的形容词是drinkable，饮用的，故填drinkable。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记be动词后面用形容词。
12．【答案】uses；twice；much
【知识点】语法填空；倍数；第三人称单数；形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：洗澡用水量大约是淋浴用水量的两倍。use使用，实义动词；two，2，基数词；many许多，修饰可数名词复数。时态是一般现在时，主语having a bath是动名词，动名词做主语谓语动词用单数，所以use用单三式uses；根据句子可知讲的是倍数比较，所以用twice两倍；water水，不可数名词，所以用many的相关词much，许多，故填uses，twice，much。
【点评】考查语法填空，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后结合语法确定单词正确形式。
13．【答案】salty
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：海水是咸的。salt盐，不可数名词。be动词is后面用形容词，salt的形容词是salty，咸的，故填salty。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记be动词后面用形容词。
14．【答案】add
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：为了保持健康，最好不要在菜里加太多食用油。add增加，实义动词。It's best not to do sth.最好不要做某事，固定搭配，所以用add，故填add。
【点评】考查固定搭配It's best not to do sth.，理解句意。
15．【答案】angry
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：Lucy听见从客厅里传来生气的声音。angrily生气地，副词。voice声音，不可数名词，形容词修饰名词，angrily的形容词是angry生气的，故填angry。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意平时识记形容词修饰名词，理解句意。
16．【答案】valuable
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：谢谢你有价值的建议。value价值，名词。advice建议，名词，形容词修饰名词，所以用value的形容词valuable，有价值的，故填valuable。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意平时识记形容词修饰名词，理解句意。
17．【答案】working
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你是疲劳的，请停止工作去休息一下。work工作，实义动词。stop doing sth.停止做某事，固定搭配，指的是同一件事情；stop to do sth.停止去做另一件事，固定搭配，根据If you are tired 如果你是疲劳的，可知应该停止工作这同一件事情，所以用working，故填working。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先识记stop to do sth.和stop doing sth.区别，然后根据关键词句和句意确定。
18．【答案】form
【知识点】动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：Lucy，你知道云是怎样形成的吗？form形成，实义动词。句子是宾语从句，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数clouds，所以form用原形，故填form。
【点评】考查动词原形，注意句子时态，根据主语确定谓语形式。
19．【答案】thirds
【知识点】分数
【解析】【分析】句意：水覆盖地球大约三分之二。three，3，根据句子可知考查分数表达，分母用序数词，分子用基数词，分子大于一，分母用复数，three是分母，序数词是third，第三，分子two大于一，所以third用复数thirds，故填thirds。
【点评】考查分数表达，注意平时识记分母用序数词，分子用基数词，分子大于一，分母用复数。
20．【答案】Finally
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：最后，我回家了。final最后的，形容词。副词修饰整个句子，所以用finally，最后，副词，注意句首首字母大写，故填Finally。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意平时识记副词修饰整个句子，理解句意。
21．【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了海洋污染的来源，以及多年来致力于解决海洋污染问题的组织，不断努力改善海洋环境。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中The waste is mainly plastics which are really hard to degrade.这些垃圾主要是很难降解的塑料。造成海洋污染的主要原因是塑料。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中For example, about 10,000 product-filled boxes are lost at sea every year from business ships. 例如，每年有大约1万个装满产品的箱子从商船上丢弃在海上。可知丢弃的产品箱子也是海洋污染的一类。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中taking action to help clean the sea.采取措施去帮助清理海洋。可知此处表示不同的组织为了战胜海洋污染而采取行动。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段中Besides, special nets are set by the mouths of rivers to stop the rubbish before it reaches the sea.此外，河口还设置了特殊的网来阻止垃圾流入大海。可知特殊网的建立是为了阻止垃圾流入大海。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。统观全文，本文讲述了海洋垃圾的危害，并介绍了许多组织在帮助清理海洋污染，努力解决垃圾问题。可推知，未来的海洋将会非常有希望。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析题干，细节理解题可从原文相应段落找出答案；推理判断题可分析全文内容，总结中心思想，并整理归纳，选出正确答案。
【答案】22．D；23．F；24．E；25．A；26．C
【知识点】任务型阅读；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了我们在海洋和鸟类、鱼类和鲸鱼等动物中发现了塑料。但据《今日美国》报道，科学家首次在人类粪便中发现塑料。这些发现来自奥地利环境署科学家领导的一项研究。
A.There, sunlight and waves (海浪) break the plastic waste down to very small pieces.那里有阳光和海浪把塑料废料分解成很小的碎片。
B.The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans.科学家们确信这种塑料肯定对人类有害。
C.According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic.据《今日美国》报道，世界上90%的海盐都含有塑料。
D.The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world.科学家们跟踪了来自世界不同地区的八名健康志愿者。
E.However, the scientists aren't sure if the plastic is harmful to humans.然而，科学家们不确定这种塑料是否对人类有害。
F.Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study.根据这项研究，科学家在粪便样本中发现了九种不同的塑料。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂选项意思，然后联系上下文和抓住关键词句确定答案。
22．根据后句The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample (大便样本) for testing.志愿者记下一周的饮食，然后提供粪便样本进行检测，可知讲的是与志愿者有关，故选D。
23．根据后句About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool. "The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver (肝脏)," said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research.每10克粪便中发现约20个小塑料颗粒。参与该研究的菲利普·施瓦布说：“最小的塑料颗粒可以进入血液、淋巴系统，甚至可能到达肝脏。”，可知前句讲的是科学家的发现粪便中有塑料，故选F。
24．根据后句They're not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers' bodies, either.他们也不确定塑料是如何进入志愿者体内的，可知前句讲的是他们不确定的事情，故选E。
25．根据前句Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean.每年都有大量塑料垃圾流入海洋，可知后句讲的是阳光和海浪把塑料废料分解成很小的碎片，故选A。
26．根据后句And even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.甚至一些饮用水也被发现含有微小的塑料颗粒，可知前句讲的是吃的海盐里也发现了塑料颗粒，故选C。
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牛津版（广州·深圳）初中英语七年级下册Module 3 Unit 5随堂检测
一、选出读音不同的单词
（）选择下面单词中划线部分读音不同的单词
1．
A．here B．care C．cheer D．dear
2．
A．jump B．give C．orange D．apologize
3．
A．camera B．circle C．excellent D．complete
4．
A．carry B．finally C．fly D．library
5．
A．allow B．power C．blow D．how
【答案】1．B
2．B
3．C
4．C
5．C
【知识点】辨音
【解析】【点评】考查单词的辩音，注意准确识记每个单词的音标，选出正确答案。
1．A： / h (r) / ，在这里；B：/ ke (r) /，照料；C：/ t (r) /，欢呼；D：/ d (r) /，亲爱的。根据音标可知选项B的划线字母发音为/e /，与其他的不同，故选B。
2．A： / d mp / ，跳；B：/ ɡ v /，给；C：/ r nd /，橙子；D：/ p l d a z /，道歉。根据音标可知选项B的划线字母发音为/ɡ/，与其他的不同，故选B。
3．A： / k m( )r / ，照相机；B：/ s k( )l /，圈子；C：/ eks l nt /，极好的；D：/ k m pli t /，完全的。根据音标可知选项C的划线字母发音为/s/，与其他的不同，故选C。
4．A： / k ri / ，携带；B：/ fa n li /，终于；C：/ fla /，飞；D：/ la br ri /，图书馆。根据音标可知选项C的划线字母发音为/a /，与其他的不同，故选C。
5．A： / la / ，允许；B：/ pa (r) /，权力；C：/ bl /，吹；D：/ ha /，怎样。根据音标可知选项C的划线字母发音为/ /，与其他的不同，故选C。
二、单选题
6．（） uses about as taking a shower.
A．Have a bath, two times as many water
B．Having a bath, twice as many water
C．Having a bath, twice as much water
D．Have a bath, twice as much water
【答案】C
【知识点】倍数；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：泡澡的用水量大约是淋浴的两倍。A： Have a bath泡澡，two times as many water为错误选项，many不可修饰water，B： Having a bath泡澡，twice as many water为错误选项，many不可修饰water，C： Having a bath泡澡，twice as much water两倍的水，D： Have a bath泡澡，twice as much water两倍的水，have a bath泡澡，分析句子此处做主语，应用动名词having a bath做主语；water水，不可数名词应用much修饰，不能用many，故选C。
【点评】考查动名词，注意识记动名词做主语的用法。
7．（）Quite students here learn cooking after school.
A．many B．a lot C．few D．a few
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这里相当多的学生放学后学习烹饪。A： many许多，B： a lot许多，C： few很少，D： a few一些， 固定短语quite a few，相当多的，后加可数名词的复数形式，可知此处应用a few，故选D。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意识记短语quite a few的用法。
8．（）The new car is very expensive, _____my dad won't buy it.
A．and B．so C．but D．or
【答案】B
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这辆新车很贵，所以我爸爸不会买。A： and和，B： so所以，C： but但是，D： or或者， 根据句子The new car is very expensive. 新车很贵，可知此处为因果关系，因为很贵，所以不买，应用so，故选B。
【点评】考查连词，注意识记so的用法。
9．（）They are having a meeting. Please the radio.
A．turn off B．turn down C．turn on D．turn up
【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他们正在开会。请关闭收音机。A： turn off关闭，B： turn down调低，C： turn on打开，D： turn up调高， 根据句子They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。可知此处是指要关闭收音机，应用turn off，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记短语turn off的用法。
10．（）—I'll meet you outside the school in half an hour, OK
— .
A．No, one hour later B．Yes, that's fine
C．OK, but I can manage D．No, I don't think so
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——我半小时后在学校外面见你，好吗？——是的，很好。A： No, one hour later不，一小时后，later用于过去时中，B： Yes, that's fine是的，很好，C： OK, but I can manage好的，但我能应付，but与前面的OK矛盾，D： No, I don't think so不，我不这么认为，不符合语境，that's fine，好的，是用来回答提的建议，故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际，注意根据语境回答问题。
三、语法填空
11．（）Most of the water in the world is not .(drink)
【答案】drinkable
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：世界上大部分的水都不能饮用。drink喝，实义动词，be动词is后面用形容词，drink的形容词是drinkable，饮用的，故填drinkable。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记be动词后面用形容词。
12．（）Having a bath (use) about (two) as (many) water as taking a shower.
【答案】uses；twice；much
【知识点】语法填空；倍数；第三人称单数；形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：洗澡用水量大约是淋浴用水量的两倍。use使用，实义动词；two，2，基数词；many许多，修饰可数名词复数。时态是一般现在时，主语having a bath是动名词，动名词做主语谓语动词用单数，所以use用单三式uses；根据句子可知讲的是倍数比较，所以用twice两倍；water水，不可数名词，所以用many的相关词much，许多，故填uses，twice，much。
【点评】考查语法填空，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后结合语法确定单词正确形式。
13．（）Ocean water is .(salt)
【答案】salty
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：海水是咸的。salt盐，不可数名词。be动词is后面用形容词，salt的形容词是salty，咸的，故填salty。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记be动词后面用形容词。
14．To stay healthy, it's best not to (add) too much cooking oil to dishes.
【答案】add
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：为了保持健康，最好不要在菜里加太多食用油。add增加，实义动词。It's best not to do sth.最好不要做某事，固定搭配，所以用add，故填add。
【点评】考查固定搭配It's best not to do sth.，理解句意。
15．Lucy heard an (angrily) voice from the living room.
【答案】angry
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：Lucy听见从客厅里传来生气的声音。angrily生气地，副词。voice声音，不可数名词，形容词修饰名词，angrily的形容词是angry生气的，故填angry。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意平时识记形容词修饰名词，理解句意。
16．Thank you for your (value) advice.
【答案】valuable
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：谢谢你有价值的建议。value价值，名词。advice建议，名词，形容词修饰名词，所以用value的形容词valuable，有价值的，故填valuable。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意平时识记形容词修饰名词，理解句意。
17．If you are tired, please stop (work) to have a rest.
【答案】working
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你是疲劳的，请停止工作去休息一下。work工作，实义动词。stop doing sth.停止做某事，固定搭配，指的是同一件事情；stop to do sth.停止去做另一件事，固定搭配，根据If you are tired 如果你是疲劳的，可知应该停止工作这同一件事情，所以用working，故填working。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先识记stop to do sth.和stop doing sth.区别，然后根据关键词句和句意确定。
18．Lucy, do you know how the clouds (form)
【答案】form
【知识点】动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：Lucy，你知道云是怎样形成的吗？form形成，实义动词。句子是宾语从句，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数clouds，所以form用原形，故填form。
【点评】考查动词原形，注意句子时态，根据主语确定谓语形式。
19．Water covers about two (three) of the Earth.
【答案】thirds
【知识点】分数
【解析】【分析】句意：水覆盖地球大约三分之二。three，3，根据句子可知考查分数表达，分母用序数词，分子用基数词，分子大于一，分母用复数，three是分母，序数词是third，第三，分子two大于一，所以third用复数thirds，故填thirds。
【点评】考查分数表达，注意平时识记分母用序数词，分子用基数词，分子大于一，分母用复数。
20． (Final), I returned home.
【答案】Finally
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：最后，我回家了。final最后的，形容词。副词修饰整个句子，所以用finally，最后，副词，注意句首首字母大写，故填Finally。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意平时识记副词修饰整个句子，理解句意。
四、阅读理解
21．阅读理解
Imagine you are taking a walk on the
beautiful beach. Just then, your feet step over something and you hear a crack
(噼啪声) —an empty
plastic bottle. Things like this are happening more often because of sea
rubbish.
Studies show that 80% of all the waste is
from the land. The waste is mainly plastics (塑料制品)
which are really hard to degrade (降解). So the rubbish
will remain there for a long time. Some of the pollution is caused
accidentally. For example, about 10,000 product-filled boxes are lost at sea
every year from business ships. Sometimes people just throw things into the
water from boats or land. Many large rubbish areas are formed in the North
Pacific Ocean.
Thankfully, the situation isn't ignored (忽视). Groups like the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
are taking action to help clean the sea. Since 2006,76 projects have cleared
out 3,814 metric tons (公吨) of rubbish from the sea.
Methods of rubbish cleaning include using machines to remove (移除) the waste away from the surface of sea water. Besides, special
nets are set by the mouths of rivers to stop the rubbish before it reaches the
sea. If everyone does his part, sea rubbish seems like a problem that can be
solved.
（1）The sea waste made of __________will remain for a long time.
A．paper B．wood C．plastic D．cotton
（2）In the second paragraph we can know __________are also some of the sea rubbish.
A．special cleaning nets B．large factory machines
C．passing business boats D．lost product-filled boxes
（3）In order to __________, some projects are done by different groups.
A．stop people from fishing B．fight against the sea pollution
C．develop trade in the seafood D．produce new kinds of plastics
（4）In order to __________, special nets are set by the mouths of rivers.
A．prevent the rubbish reaching the sea
B．clean the surface of the dirty sea water
C．build more sea rubbish collecting areas
D．make people care about the environment
（5）According to the passage, we can imagine the future of the sea will be__________.
A．terrible B．dark C．quiet D．hopeful
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了海洋污染的来源，以及多年来致力于解决海洋污染问题的组织，不断努力改善海洋环境。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中The waste is mainly plastics which are really hard to degrade.这些垃圾主要是很难降解的塑料。造成海洋污染的主要原因是塑料。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中For example, about 10,000 product-filled boxes are lost at sea every year from business ships. 例如，每年有大约1万个装满产品的箱子从商船上丢弃在海上。可知丢弃的产品箱子也是海洋污染的一类。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中taking action to help clean the sea.采取措施去帮助清理海洋。可知此处表示不同的组织为了战胜海洋污染而采取行动。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段中Besides, special nets are set by the mouths of rivers to stop the rubbish before it reaches the sea.此外，河口还设置了特殊的网来阻止垃圾流入大海。可知特殊网的建立是为了阻止垃圾流入大海。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。统观全文，本文讲述了海洋垃圾的危害，并介绍了许多组织在帮助清理海洋污染，努力解决垃圾问题。可推知，未来的海洋将会非常有希望。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析题干，细节理解题可从原文相应段落找出答案；推理判断题可分析全文内容，总结中心思想，并整理归纳，选出正确答案。
五、任务型阅读
根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子放入文中空缺处，使短句内容通顺完整。
A. There, sunlight and waves (海浪) break the plastic waste down to very small pieces. B. The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans. C. According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic. D. The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world. E. However, the scientists aren't sure if the plastic is harmful to humans. F. Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study.
We have found plastic in the ocean and in animals like birds, fish and whales. But for the first time, scientists have found plastic in human poop (大便), USA Today reported. The findings came from a study led by scientists from Environment Agency Austria 22． The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample (大便样本) for testing.
23． About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool. "The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver (肝脏)," said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research. 24． They're not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers' bodies, either. But most of the volunteers said they drank from plastic bottles and also ate seafood that could include plastic from ocean pollution.
In fact, plastic is everywhere around us. Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean.
25． Most of the particles stay in the ocean. Others can spread into the soil and air. Could plastic in the air fall onto food and get into the human body
Some past studies may also give us a clue. 26． And even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.
【答案】22．D；23．F；24．E；25．A；26．C
【知识点】任务型阅读；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了我们在海洋和鸟类、鱼类和鲸鱼等动物中发现了塑料。但据《今日美国》报道，科学家首次在人类粪便中发现塑料。这些发现来自奥地利环境署科学家领导的一项研究。
A.There, sunlight and waves (海浪) break the plastic waste down to very small pieces.那里有阳光和海浪把塑料废料分解成很小的碎片。
B.The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans.科学家们确信这种塑料肯定对人类有害。
C.According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic.据《今日美国》报道，世界上90%的海盐都含有塑料。
D.The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world.科学家们跟踪了来自世界不同地区的八名健康志愿者。
E.However, the scientists aren't sure if the plastic is harmful to humans.然而，科学家们不确定这种塑料是否对人类有害。
F.Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study.根据这项研究，科学家在粪便样本中发现了九种不同的塑料。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂选项意思，然后联系上下文和抓住关键词句确定答案。
22．根据后句The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample (大便样本) for testing.志愿者记下一周的饮食，然后提供粪便样本进行检测，可知讲的是与志愿者有关，故选D。
23．根据后句About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool. "The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver (肝脏)," said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research.每10克粪便中发现约20个小塑料颗粒。参与该研究的菲利普·施瓦布说：“最小的塑料颗粒可以进入血液、淋巴系统，甚至可能到达肝脏。”，可知前句讲的是科学家的发现粪便中有塑料，故选F。
24．根据后句They're not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers' bodies, either.他们也不确定塑料是如何进入志愿者体内的，可知前句讲的是他们不确定的事情，故选E。
25．根据前句Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean.每年都有大量塑料垃圾流入海洋，可知后句讲的是阳光和海浪把塑料废料分解成很小的碎片，故选A。
26．根据后句And even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.甚至一些饮用水也被发现含有微小的塑料颗粒，可知前句讲的是吃的海盐里也发现了塑料颗粒，故选C。
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