人教版（2019）高中英语必修二Unit 3同步练习
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．They are all from my experiences or something I feel (熟悉) in my life.
2．Not only am I interested in photography, but I took
an amateur course at university to (更新) my skills.
3．What is the (作者) purpose in writing the passage
4．However, many system features and tasks will not (起作用) correctly.
5．The
(慈善机构) is calling for volunteers to make use of
their free time to help those poor children.
6．Jane was ill, so I went to the
(会议) in her place.
7．Wearing a uniform is a
symbol of pride and creates an (个性) for a school.
8．Follow these simple (指导原则) for a healthy diet.
9．My job is collecting information for a (资料库).
10．When she arrived at the small village, she got to know the
(居民).
二、语法填空
11．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many kinds of dinosaurs' bones (find)
recently by Chinese scientists in Nanyang, Henan Province. the scientists inspected the bones, they were
surprised (spot) these dinosaurs could not only run the others but also climb the trees.
Dinosaurs died suddenly around 60 million years ago. Some
scientists think came after an (expect) incident when a huge rock from space
hit the earth put too much dust into the air. Others think
the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any (much). Nobody knows sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from
the earth in such a short time.
三、完形填空
12．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Teens
around the world use social media a lot. But is this a （1） thing While you can say nice and （2） things on the Internet, you could also say
mean and hurtful things too. When someone says something mean or hurtful （3） ,
it's called cyberbullying (网络欺凌).
When people say mean things to us, we feel （4） , depressed and powerless. These are just
some of the possible （5） effects that could affect teens who are
cyberbullied. When people are often sad or depressed, they could begin to （6） suicide
(自杀).They
think that their lives aren't worth anything or that their lives are too （7） to
handle. It's difficult to believe that
one person saying mean or （8） things to another person could make him think
about （9） himself, but it's true and it does happen.
Now, you could （10） everything that was said. You could say that
teens can just tum off their computers or their phones. They can just block (屏蔽) the person who （11） them or just simply ignore him. （12） people, especially teens love going on the
Internet and talking to people. It's part of
their daily lives. It's （13） to tell teens to turn them all off. In
addition, （14） they block
someone, the person can just （15） coming back on a different account or as
someone else. Also if it's a （16） posted video, picture or message, everyone can
see it and （17） report or share it. It's （18） to block everyone.
And finally no one can just （19） so
many mean words that are being said to them.
Overall, cyberbullying is a (n) （20） thing that people do. There should be laws to
protect people from cyberbullying.
（1）A．good B．normal C．right D．useful
（2）A．popular B．kind C．interesting D．proper
（3）A．online B．on
purpose C．indirectly D．in brief
（4）A．terrified B．lonely C．sad D．bored
（5）A．noticeable B．negative C．practical D．lasting
（6）A．think about B．care
about C．worry about D．talk about
（7）A．short B．hard C．ordinary D．busy
（8）A．real B．stupid C．cruel D．horrible
（9）A．teaching B．blaming C．killing D．punishing
（10）A．deal with B．compare with C．begin with D．disagree with
（11）A．cheats B．hurts C．beats D．confuses
（12）A．However B．Moreover C．Instead D．Therefore
（13）A．unnecessary B．unrealistic C．unusual D．uncertain
（14）A．as B．unless C．if D．until
（15）A．keep B．admit C．remember D．enjoy
（16）A．quickly B．publicly C．carelessly D．coldly
（17）A．still B．always C．just D．even
（18）A．unfriendly B．impossible C．unpleasant D．illegal
（19）A．forget B．refuse C．discover D．ignore
（20）A．difficult B．funny C．annoying D．terrible
四、阅读理解
13．阅读理解
Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including
Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD and Taobao, have been uncovered that they are
cheating their frequent customers. Their ways are pretty clever. When there are
new users or conservative old users, they will give a quite appealing price to
attract them into registering and buying goods. However, their big data is not
friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers
them higher price for the same products or service. How does this happen According
to the data analysis, the system knows clearly that although they feel the
price is high, they will finally pay the bill. By collecting and analyzing
users' profiles, buying habits and other information, big data recommends the
same products to different users with different prices.
Companies also try other ways to make money,
making online consumption far more worrying. For example, video websites always
offer 120 seconds' advertisements, which drives people crazy. And even if you
pay for the membership to get rid of the ads, you have to "enjoy" 15-second "private" ads. By
broadcasting them, companies make huge profits—second to the membership fees.
Also, owning 100Mbps network, you still put up with the slow speed when you are
downloading a song. You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high
quality services. Users seem to be lambs (羊羔) among wolves. Even
though they say, "Since you have
money, I'll charge you more", we can't do anything about it.
It
pains us that we haven't figured out a way to deal with the problem. The only
thing we can do is replacing our iPhones with Android phones if we want to buy
a membership card, and applying for new accounts if we want cheaper hotels. Not
finding a way to fight back, we can't do anything but accept them passively.
（1）How does big data serve companies according to the text
A．By being kind to all users.
B．By giving a discount to stable users.
C．By attracting new users by analyzing their shopping habits.
D．By recommending the same products with higher prices to regular users.
（2）What do we know from the second paragraph
A．Membership can rid you of all the ads.
B．Only by being a VIP can you get a better service.
C．The slow download speed is due to your poor network.
D．Advertising income is the biggest income for video websites.
（3）What is the author's attitude towards the chances of finding a way to fight back
A．Uncertain. B．Casual. C．Negative. D．Positive
（4）What is the main idea of the text
A．The big data provides helpful information to users.
B．We have to accept online consumption as it is.
C．There exist many online consumption traps.
D．Regular customers are richer.
五、任务型阅读
14．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an
online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is
very important. While I have only listed two of each, there
are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to
extend the logic (逻辑) of each to their
particular circumstance.
Do's
Questions about subject content are generally
welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer
isn't hiding in plain sight.
Participate
in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open-ended
forums for dialogue. Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant
information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
Don't
share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial
aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply
explain the situation to the professor.
Don't
openly express annoyance at a professor or class. When
a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually
says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's
professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly
offer your comments.
A.
That's what they are for.
B.
Turn to an online instructor for help.
C.
If more information is needed, they will ask.
D.
Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E.
Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners.
F.
Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G.
Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
六、改错题
15．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧) ，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下画横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
Last Wednesday our class organized a
environmental activity whose theme were "Join Together to Build a
Civilized City" in a community. The students divided into three groups. We
Group One went from door to door recycling the using things. The second group
had cleared up the posters and advertisements on the walls as good as the
rubbish on the ground. The last group handed out the magazine of the
environmental protection and we also invited the residents to take part. The
local praised us with our practice and gave us much appreciation，it
made us all feel happy.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】familiar
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：它们都来自我的经历，或是我生命中熟悉的东西。此处feel是系动词，形容词作表语，故填familiar。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
2．【答案】update
【知识点】非谓语动词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我不但对摄影很感兴趣，而且还参加了一些业余的课程来提高我的技能。此处不定式作目的状语，故填update。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语。
3．【答案】author's
【知识点】名词所有格's
【解析】【分析】句意：作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？此处名词所有格作定语，故填author's。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词所有格作定语。
4．【答案】function
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：然而，许多系统特性和任务不能正常工作。will后接动词原形，故填function。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时。
5．【答案】charity
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：慈善机构正在招募志愿者利用他们的空闲时间去帮助那些可怜的孩子。根据谓语动词is calling up，可知单数名词作主语，故填charity。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
6．【答案】conference
【知识点】固定短语；名词
【解析】【分析】句意：简生病了，所以我代替她去参加会议。go to the conference固定短语，“去开会，参加会议”，故填conference。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语go to the conference。
7．【答案】identity
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：穿制服是自豪的象征，也是学校的标志。不定冠词后接单数名词，故填identity。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
8．【答案】guidelines
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：遵循这些简单的健康饮食指南。these后接可数名词复数，故填guidelines。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
9．【答案】database
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我的工作是为数据库收集信息。不定冠词后接单数名词，故填database。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
10．【答案】residents
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：当她到达那个小村庄时，她认识了那里的居民。此处名词作宾语，故填residents。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
11．【答案】have been found；When；to spot；like；out；it；unexpected；and；more；for
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们对于恐龙灭绝的不同观点。
（1）考查时态语态。句意：最近，中国科学家在河南省南阳发现了很多种恐龙骨头。由“recently”可知，本句的时态为现在完成时，主语Many kindsof dinosaurs' bones和动词find之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，故填have been found。
（2）考查连词。句意：当科学家们检查这些骨头时，他们惊讶地发现这些恐龙不仅能像其他恐龙一样奔跑，而且还能爬树。分析句子可知，此处缺少从属连词引导时间状语从句，故填When。
（3）考查非谓语动词。be surprised to do sth.惊讶地做某事，故填to spot。
（4）考查介词。like作介词意为“像”，根据句意可知，此处应填like。
（5）考查副词。句意：恐龙在大约6千万年前突然灭绝。die out固定短语，“灭绝”故填out。
（6）考查代词。think 后接省略 that的宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，主语指的是恐龙灭绝这件事，用it来指代，故填it。
（7）考查形容词。unexpected意外的，应用形容词修饰名词incident，故填unexpected。
（8）考查连词。when引导的时间状语从句中缺少连词来连接hit和put，hit与put为并列关系，故填and。
（9）考查固定短语。not any more固定短语，“不再”。本句的否定词隐含在前文的too...to… (太……而不能) 中，故填more。
（10）考查介词。句意：没人确切地知道恐龙为什么在这么短的时间内从地球上消失以及是如何消失的。for sure固定短语，“确切地”，故填for。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，连词，非谓语动词，介词，副词，代词，形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
12．【答案】（1）A；（2）B；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）C；（10）D；（11）B；（12）A；（13）B；（14）C；（15）A；（16）B；（17）D；（18）B；（19）D；（20）D
【知识点】说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是网络欺凌，以及产生的原因和后果。
（1）考查形容词。句意：但这是好事吗？A：good“好的”；B：normal“正常的”；C：right“正确的”；D：useful “有用的”。故选A。
（2）考查形容词。句意：你可以在网上说些好听的话，你也可以说些刻薄伤人的话。A：popular“受欢迎的。流行的”；B：kind“善良的，和蔼的”；C：interesting“有趣的”；D：proper “适当的”。故选B。
（3）考查副词/介词短语。句意：当有人在网上说了刻薄或伤人的话，这叫网络欺凌。A：online“网上的”；B：on purpose“故意地”；C：indirectly“间接地”；D：in brief “简洁地”。故选A。
（4）考查形容词。句意：当人们对我们说刻薄的话时，我们会感到悲伤，沮丧和无力。A：terrified“恐惧的,受惊的,害怕的”；B：lonely“寂寞的”；C：sad“悲伤的”；D：bored “厌烦的”。故选C。
（5）考查形容词。句意：这些只是一些可能能会影响被网络欺凌的青少年的负面影响。A：noticeable“值得注意的”；B：negative“消极的”；C：practical“切实可行的”；D：lasting “持续的”。故选B。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：当人们经常感到悲伤或沮丧的时候，他们就会想到自杀。A：think about“考虑，思考”；B：care about“关注”；C：worry about“担心”；D：talk about“谈论”。故选A。
（7） 考查形容词。句意：他们认为他们的生命毫无价值，或者他们的生命太难掌控。A：short“矮的，短的”；B：hard“困难的”；C：ordinary“普通的”；D：busy “繁忙的”。故选B。
（8）考查形容词。句意：很难相信一个人对另一个人说刻薄或残忍的话会让他考虑自杀，但这是真的，而且确实发生了。A：real“真正的”；B：stupid“愚蠢的”；C：cruel“残忍的”；D：horrible “可怕的”。故选C。
（9）考查动词。句意：很难相信一个人对另一个人说刻薄或残忍的话会让他考虑自杀，但这是真的，而且确实发生了。A：teaching“教”；B：blaming“责备”；C：killing“杀害”；D：punishing “惩罚”。故选C。
（10）考查动词短语。句意： 现在，你可以不同意所说的一切。A：deal with“处理”；B：compare with“和......比较”；C：begin with“从......开始”；D：disagree with “不同意......”。故选D。
（11）考查动词。句意：他们可以阻止伤害他们的人，或者干脆无视他。A：cheats“欺骗，作弊”；B：hurts“伤害”；C：beats“打”；D：confuses “使困惑”。故选B。
（12）考查副词。句意：但是，人们，尤其是青少年，喜欢上网聊天。A：However“但是”；B：Moreover“而且”；C：Instead“相反”；D：Therefore“因此”。前后是转折关系，故选A。
（13） 考查形容词。句意：告诉青少年把他们都关掉是不现实的。A：unnecessary“没必要的”；B：unrealistic“不现实的”；C：unusual“异常的”；D：uncertain “不确定的”。故选B。
（14）考查状语从句。句意：另外，如果他们会阻止别人，这个人可以以不同的名义，或者以其他人的身份回来。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，故选C。
（15）考查动词。句意：句意：另外，如果他们会阻止别人，这个人可以以不同的名义，或者以其他人的身份回来。A：keep“保持，保留”；B：admit“承认”；C：remember“记住”；D：enjoy “分享”。故选A。
（16）考查副词。句意：如果是公开发布的视频、图片或信息,每个人都可以看到它，甚至报告或分享它。A：quickly“迅速地”；B：publicly“公开地”；C：carelessly“粗心地”；D：coldly “冷漠地”。故选B。
（17）考查副词。句意：如果是公开发布的视频、图片或信息,每个人都可以看到它，甚至报告或分享它。A：still“一直，仍然”；B：always“总是”；C：just“仅仅”；D：even “甚至”。故选D。
（18）考查形容词。句意：不可能把所有人都阻止。A：unfriendly“不友好的”；B：impossible“不可能的”；C：unpleasant“不愉快的”；D：illegal “非法的”。故选B。
（19）考查动词。句意：最后，没有人可以忽略这么多正在对他们说的刻薄的话。A：forget“忘记”；B：refuse“拒绝”；C：discover“发现”；D：ignore “忽视”。故选D。
（20）考查形容词。句意：总的来说，网络欺凌是一件很可怕的事情。A：difficult“困难的”；B：funny“滑稽的”；C：annoying“恼人的”；D：terrible “可怕的”。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
13．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了很多网上的电商平台存在消费陷阱，欺骗消费者，消费者只能被动地接受。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“However, their big data is not friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers them higher price for the same products or service.”可知，大数据向老顾客推荐同类中价格较高的产品，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high quality services.”可知，只有成为高级会员你才能得到更好的服务，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Not finding a way to fight back, we can't do anything but accept them passively.”找不到反击的办法，我们只能被动地接受，可知，作者对反击的机会持消极的态度，故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD and Taobao, have been uncovered that they are cheating their frequent customers.”可知，本文主要介绍了很多网上的电商平台存在消费陷阱，欺骗消费者，故选C。
【点评】 本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
14．【答案】E；G；A；C；F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.“可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故选E。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后”Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.“与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的，解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G项中的“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.“可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.”可知，教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，所以不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故选C。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class.”告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F承上启下。故选F。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
15．【答案】①第一句：a →an ②第一句：were → was ③第二句：divided前加were ④第三句：using →used ⑤第四句：去掉had ⑥第四句：good → well ⑦第五句：magazine →magazines ⑧第五句：we →they ⑨第六句：with →for ⑩第六句：it →which
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者所在的班级组织了一次主题为“共建文明城市”的活动，获得当地人的称赞，这使全班学生感觉很好。
（1）考查冠词。此处environmental以元音音素开头，前面应该用an表示“一”，故a改为an。
（2）考查主谓一致。在whose 引导的定语从句中，theme是句子主语，单数第三人称形式，故were改为was。
(3)考查语态。句子主语students 和divide之间是被动关系，结合句意可知此处用一般过去时态的被动语态，且主语是复数形式，故在divided前面加上were。
(4)考查非谓语动词。此处use和 things之间是一种被动关系，是单个的过去分词作前置定语，故using改为used。
（5）考查时态。句意：第二组清除了墙上的海报和广告以及地上的垃圾。事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，故去掉cleared前的had。
（6）考查固定结构。句意：第二组清除了墙上的海报和广告以及地上的垃圾。as well as固定短语，“也，还有”，故good改为well。
（7）考查名词。句意：最后一组分发了环保杂志，他们也邀请居民参加。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故magazine改为magazines。
（8）考查代词。句意：最后一组分发了环保杂志，他们也邀请居民参加。故we改为they。
（9）考查介词。句意：当地人称赞我们的做法，给了我们很多赞赏，这让我们都感到很高兴。praise...for sb.固定短语，“因......而称赞某人”，故with改为for。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：当地人称赞我们的做法，给了我们很多赞赏，这让我们都感到很高兴。此处前面整个句子做先行词，后面用which作主语引导非限制性定语从句，故it改为which。
【点评】本题考点涉及冠词，主谓一致，语态，非谓语动词，时态，名词，代词，定语从句以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
1 / 1人教版（2019）高中英语必修二Unit 3同步练习
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．They are all from my experiences or something I feel (熟悉) in my life.
【答案】familiar
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：它们都来自我的经历，或是我生命中熟悉的东西。此处feel是系动词，形容词作表语，故填familiar。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
2．Not only am I interested in photography, but I took
an amateur course at university to (更新) my skills.
【答案】update
【知识点】非谓语动词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我不但对摄影很感兴趣，而且还参加了一些业余的课程来提高我的技能。此处不定式作目的状语，故填update。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语。
3．What is the (作者) purpose in writing the passage
【答案】author's
【知识点】名词所有格's
【解析】【分析】句意：作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？此处名词所有格作定语，故填author's。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词所有格作定语。
4．However, many system features and tasks will not (起作用) correctly.
【答案】function
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：然而，许多系统特性和任务不能正常工作。will后接动词原形，故填function。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时。
5．The
(慈善机构) is calling for volunteers to make use of
their free time to help those poor children.
【答案】charity
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：慈善机构正在招募志愿者利用他们的空闲时间去帮助那些可怜的孩子。根据谓语动词is calling up，可知单数名词作主语，故填charity。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
6．Jane was ill, so I went to the
(会议) in her place.
【答案】conference
【知识点】固定短语；名词
【解析】【分析】句意：简生病了，所以我代替她去参加会议。go to the conference固定短语，“去开会，参加会议”，故填conference。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语go to the conference。
7．Wearing a uniform is a
symbol of pride and creates an (个性) for a school.
【答案】identity
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：穿制服是自豪的象征，也是学校的标志。不定冠词后接单数名词，故填identity。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
8．Follow these simple (指导原则) for a healthy diet.
【答案】guidelines
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：遵循这些简单的健康饮食指南。these后接可数名词复数，故填guidelines。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
9．My job is collecting information for a (资料库).
【答案】database
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我的工作是为数据库收集信息。不定冠词后接单数名词，故填database。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
10．When she arrived at the small village, she got to know the
(居民).
【答案】residents
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：当她到达那个小村庄时，她认识了那里的居民。此处名词作宾语，故填residents。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
二、语法填空
11．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many kinds of dinosaurs' bones (find)
recently by Chinese scientists in Nanyang, Henan Province. the scientists inspected the bones, they were
surprised (spot) these dinosaurs could not only run the others but also climb the trees.
Dinosaurs died suddenly around 60 million years ago. Some
scientists think came after an (expect) incident when a huge rock from space
hit the earth put too much dust into the air. Others think
the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any (much). Nobody knows sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from
the earth in such a short time.
【答案】have been found；When；to spot；like；out；it；unexpected；and；more；for
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们对于恐龙灭绝的不同观点。
（1）考查时态语态。句意：最近，中国科学家在河南省南阳发现了很多种恐龙骨头。由“recently”可知，本句的时态为现在完成时，主语Many kindsof dinosaurs' bones和动词find之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，故填have been found。
（2）考查连词。句意：当科学家们检查这些骨头时，他们惊讶地发现这些恐龙不仅能像其他恐龙一样奔跑，而且还能爬树。分析句子可知，此处缺少从属连词引导时间状语从句，故填When。
（3）考查非谓语动词。be surprised to do sth.惊讶地做某事，故填to spot。
（4）考查介词。like作介词意为“像”，根据句意可知，此处应填like。
（5）考查副词。句意：恐龙在大约6千万年前突然灭绝。die out固定短语，“灭绝”故填out。
（6）考查代词。think 后接省略 that的宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，主语指的是恐龙灭绝这件事，用it来指代，故填it。
（7）考查形容词。unexpected意外的，应用形容词修饰名词incident，故填unexpected。
（8）考查连词。when引导的时间状语从句中缺少连词来连接hit和put，hit与put为并列关系，故填and。
（9）考查固定短语。not any more固定短语，“不再”。本句的否定词隐含在前文的too...to… (太……而不能) 中，故填more。
（10）考查介词。句意：没人确切地知道恐龙为什么在这么短的时间内从地球上消失以及是如何消失的。for sure固定短语，“确切地”，故填for。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，连词，非谓语动词，介词，副词，代词，形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
三、完形填空
12．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Teens
around the world use social media a lot. But is this a （1） thing While you can say nice and （2） things on the Internet, you could also say
mean and hurtful things too. When someone says something mean or hurtful （3） ,
it's called cyberbullying (网络欺凌).
When people say mean things to us, we feel （4） , depressed and powerless. These are just
some of the possible （5） effects that could affect teens who are
cyberbullied. When people are often sad or depressed, they could begin to （6） suicide
(自杀).They
think that their lives aren't worth anything or that their lives are too （7） to
handle. It's difficult to believe that
one person saying mean or （8） things to another person could make him think
about （9） himself, but it's true and it does happen.
Now, you could （10） everything that was said. You could say that
teens can just tum off their computers or their phones. They can just block (屏蔽) the person who （11） them or just simply ignore him. （12） people, especially teens love going on the
Internet and talking to people. It's part of
their daily lives. It's （13） to tell teens to turn them all off. In
addition, （14） they block
someone, the person can just （15） coming back on a different account or as
someone else. Also if it's a （16） posted video, picture or message, everyone can
see it and （17） report or share it. It's （18） to block everyone.
And finally no one can just （19） so
many mean words that are being said to them.
Overall, cyberbullying is a (n) （20） thing that people do. There should be laws to
protect people from cyberbullying.
（1）A．good B．normal C．right D．useful
（2）A．popular B．kind C．interesting D．proper
（3）A．online B．on
purpose C．indirectly D．in brief
（4）A．terrified B．lonely C．sad D．bored
（5）A．noticeable B．negative C．practical D．lasting
（6）A．think about B．care
about C．worry about D．talk about
（7）A．short B．hard C．ordinary D．busy
（8）A．real B．stupid C．cruel D．horrible
（9）A．teaching B．blaming C．killing D．punishing
（10）A．deal with B．compare with C．begin with D．disagree with
（11）A．cheats B．hurts C．beats D．confuses
（12）A．However B．Moreover C．Instead D．Therefore
（13）A．unnecessary B．unrealistic C．unusual D．uncertain
（14）A．as B．unless C．if D．until
（15）A．keep B．admit C．remember D．enjoy
（16）A．quickly B．publicly C．carelessly D．coldly
（17）A．still B．always C．just D．even
（18）A．unfriendly B．impossible C．unpleasant D．illegal
（19）A．forget B．refuse C．discover D．ignore
（20）A．difficult B．funny C．annoying D．terrible
【答案】（1）A；（2）B；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）C；（10）D；（11）B；（12）A；（13）B；（14）C；（15）A；（16）B；（17）D；（18）B；（19）D；（20）D
【知识点】说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是网络欺凌，以及产生的原因和后果。
（1）考查形容词。句意：但这是好事吗？A：good“好的”；B：normal“正常的”；C：right“正确的”；D：useful “有用的”。故选A。
（2）考查形容词。句意：你可以在网上说些好听的话，你也可以说些刻薄伤人的话。A：popular“受欢迎的。流行的”；B：kind“善良的，和蔼的”；C：interesting“有趣的”；D：proper “适当的”。故选B。
（3）考查副词/介词短语。句意：当有人在网上说了刻薄或伤人的话，这叫网络欺凌。A：online“网上的”；B：on purpose“故意地”；C：indirectly“间接地”；D：in brief “简洁地”。故选A。
（4）考查形容词。句意：当人们对我们说刻薄的话时，我们会感到悲伤，沮丧和无力。A：terrified“恐惧的,受惊的,害怕的”；B：lonely“寂寞的”；C：sad“悲伤的”；D：bored “厌烦的”。故选C。
（5）考查形容词。句意：这些只是一些可能能会影响被网络欺凌的青少年的负面影响。A：noticeable“值得注意的”；B：negative“消极的”；C：practical“切实可行的”；D：lasting “持续的”。故选B。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：当人们经常感到悲伤或沮丧的时候，他们就会想到自杀。A：think about“考虑，思考”；B：care about“关注”；C：worry about“担心”；D：talk about“谈论”。故选A。
（7） 考查形容词。句意：他们认为他们的生命毫无价值，或者他们的生命太难掌控。A：short“矮的，短的”；B：hard“困难的”；C：ordinary“普通的”；D：busy “繁忙的”。故选B。
（8）考查形容词。句意：很难相信一个人对另一个人说刻薄或残忍的话会让他考虑自杀，但这是真的，而且确实发生了。A：real“真正的”；B：stupid“愚蠢的”；C：cruel“残忍的”；D：horrible “可怕的”。故选C。
（9）考查动词。句意：很难相信一个人对另一个人说刻薄或残忍的话会让他考虑自杀，但这是真的，而且确实发生了。A：teaching“教”；B：blaming“责备”；C：killing“杀害”；D：punishing “惩罚”。故选C。
（10）考查动词短语。句意： 现在，你可以不同意所说的一切。A：deal with“处理”；B：compare with“和......比较”；C：begin with“从......开始”；D：disagree with “不同意......”。故选D。
（11）考查动词。句意：他们可以阻止伤害他们的人，或者干脆无视他。A：cheats“欺骗，作弊”；B：hurts“伤害”；C：beats“打”；D：confuses “使困惑”。故选B。
（12）考查副词。句意：但是，人们，尤其是青少年，喜欢上网聊天。A：However“但是”；B：Moreover“而且”；C：Instead“相反”；D：Therefore“因此”。前后是转折关系，故选A。
（13） 考查形容词。句意：告诉青少年把他们都关掉是不现实的。A：unnecessary“没必要的”；B：unrealistic“不现实的”；C：unusual“异常的”；D：uncertain “不确定的”。故选B。
（14）考查状语从句。句意：另外，如果他们会阻止别人，这个人可以以不同的名义，或者以其他人的身份回来。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，故选C。
（15）考查动词。句意：句意：另外，如果他们会阻止别人，这个人可以以不同的名义，或者以其他人的身份回来。A：keep“保持，保留”；B：admit“承认”；C：remember“记住”；D：enjoy “分享”。故选A。
（16）考查副词。句意：如果是公开发布的视频、图片或信息,每个人都可以看到它，甚至报告或分享它。A：quickly“迅速地”；B：publicly“公开地”；C：carelessly“粗心地”；D：coldly “冷漠地”。故选B。
（17）考查副词。句意：如果是公开发布的视频、图片或信息,每个人都可以看到它，甚至报告或分享它。A：still“一直，仍然”；B：always“总是”；C：just“仅仅”；D：even “甚至”。故选D。
（18）考查形容词。句意：不可能把所有人都阻止。A：unfriendly“不友好的”；B：impossible“不可能的”；C：unpleasant“不愉快的”；D：illegal “非法的”。故选B。
（19）考查动词。句意：最后，没有人可以忽略这么多正在对他们说的刻薄的话。A：forget“忘记”；B：refuse“拒绝”；C：discover“发现”；D：ignore “忽视”。故选D。
（20）考查形容词。句意：总的来说，网络欺凌是一件很可怕的事情。A：difficult“困难的”；B：funny“滑稽的”；C：annoying“恼人的”；D：terrible “可怕的”。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读理解
13．阅读理解
Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including
Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD and Taobao, have been uncovered that they are
cheating their frequent customers. Their ways are pretty clever. When there are
new users or conservative old users, they will give a quite appealing price to
attract them into registering and buying goods. However, their big data is not
friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers
them higher price for the same products or service. How does this happen According
to the data analysis, the system knows clearly that although they feel the
price is high, they will finally pay the bill. By collecting and analyzing
users' profiles, buying habits and other information, big data recommends the
same products to different users with different prices.
Companies also try other ways to make money,
making online consumption far more worrying. For example, video websites always
offer 120 seconds' advertisements, which drives people crazy. And even if you
pay for the membership to get rid of the ads, you have to "enjoy" 15-second "private" ads. By
broadcasting them, companies make huge profits—second to the membership fees.
Also, owning 100Mbps network, you still put up with the slow speed when you are
downloading a song. You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high
quality services. Users seem to be lambs (羊羔) among wolves. Even
though they say, "Since you have
money, I'll charge you more", we can't do anything about it.
It
pains us that we haven't figured out a way to deal with the problem. The only
thing we can do is replacing our iPhones with Android phones if we want to buy
a membership card, and applying for new accounts if we want cheaper hotels. Not
finding a way to fight back, we can't do anything but accept them passively.
（1）How does big data serve companies according to the text
A．By being kind to all users.
B．By giving a discount to stable users.
C．By attracting new users by analyzing their shopping habits.
D．By recommending the same products with higher prices to regular users.
（2）What do we know from the second paragraph
A．Membership can rid you of all the ads.
B．Only by being a VIP can you get a better service.
C．The slow download speed is due to your poor network.
D．Advertising income is the biggest income for video websites.
（3）What is the author's attitude towards the chances of finding a way to fight back
A．Uncertain. B．Casual. C．Negative. D．Positive
（4）What is the main idea of the text
A．The big data provides helpful information to users.
B．We have to accept online consumption as it is.
C．There exist many online consumption traps.
D．Regular customers are richer.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了很多网上的电商平台存在消费陷阱，欺骗消费者，消费者只能被动地接受。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“However, their big data is not friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers them higher price for the same products or service.”可知，大数据向老顾客推荐同类中价格较高的产品，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high quality services.”可知，只有成为高级会员你才能得到更好的服务，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Not finding a way to fight back, we can't do anything but accept them passively.”找不到反击的办法，我们只能被动地接受，可知，作者对反击的机会持消极的态度，故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD and Taobao, have been uncovered that they are cheating their frequent customers.”可知，本文主要介绍了很多网上的电商平台存在消费陷阱，欺骗消费者，故选C。
【点评】 本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
五、任务型阅读
14．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an
online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is
very important. While I have only listed two of each, there
are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to
extend the logic (逻辑) of each to their
particular circumstance.
Do's
Questions about subject content are generally
welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer
isn't hiding in plain sight.
Participate
in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open-ended
forums for dialogue. Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant
information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
Don't
share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial
aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply
explain the situation to the professor.
Don't
openly express annoyance at a professor or class. When
a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually
says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's
professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly
offer your comments.
A.
That's what they are for.
B.
Turn to an online instructor for help.
C.
If more information is needed, they will ask.
D.
Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E.
Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners.
F.
Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G.
Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【答案】E；G；A；C；F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.“可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故选E。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后”Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.“与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的，解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G项中的“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.“可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.”可知，教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，所以不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故选C。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class.”告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F承上启下。故选F。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、改错题
15．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧) ，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下画横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
Last Wednesday our class organized a
environmental activity whose theme were "Join Together to Build a
Civilized City" in a community. The students divided into three groups. We
Group One went from door to door recycling the using things. The second group
had cleared up the posters and advertisements on the walls as good as the
rubbish on the ground. The last group handed out the magazine of the
environmental protection and we also invited the residents to take part. The
local praised us with our practice and gave us much appreciation，it
made us all feel happy.
【答案】①第一句：a →an ②第一句：were → was ③第二句：divided前加were ④第三句：using →used ⑤第四句：去掉had ⑥第四句：good → well ⑦第五句：magazine →magazines ⑧第五句：we →they ⑨第六句：with →for ⑩第六句：it →which
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者所在的班级组织了一次主题为“共建文明城市”的活动，获得当地人的称赞，这使全班学生感觉很好。
（1）考查冠词。此处environmental以元音音素开头，前面应该用an表示“一”，故a改为an。
（2）考查主谓一致。在whose 引导的定语从句中，theme是句子主语，单数第三人称形式，故were改为was。
(3)考查语态。句子主语students 和divide之间是被动关系，结合句意可知此处用一般过去时态的被动语态，且主语是复数形式，故在divided前面加上were。
(4)考查非谓语动词。此处use和 things之间是一种被动关系，是单个的过去分词作前置定语，故using改为used。
（5）考查时态。句意：第二组清除了墙上的海报和广告以及地上的垃圾。事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，故去掉cleared前的had。
（6）考查固定结构。句意：第二组清除了墙上的海报和广告以及地上的垃圾。as well as固定短语，“也，还有”，故good改为well。
（7）考查名词。句意：最后一组分发了环保杂志，他们也邀请居民参加。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故magazine改为magazines。
（8）考查代词。句意：最后一组分发了环保杂志，他们也邀请居民参加。故we改为they。
（9）考查介词。句意：当地人称赞我们的做法，给了我们很多赞赏，这让我们都感到很高兴。praise...for sb.固定短语，“因......而称赞某人”，故with改为for。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：当地人称赞我们的做法，给了我们很多赞赏，这让我们都感到很高兴。此处前面整个句子做先行词，后面用which作主语引导非限制性定语从句，故it改为which。
【点评】本题考点涉及冠词，主谓一致，语态，非谓语动词，时态，名词，代词，定语从句以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
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