黑龙江省牡丹江市重点中学2021-2022学年高一下学期英语开学考试
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读理解
Dr. Peter King South Quay Medical Centre Dr. Vicky Ho
●Morning：8:
30 ﹣ 11:30 Afternoon：14:00 ﹣ 18:00 ●We are closed on Saturdays，Sundays and Thursday afternoons. ●Outside our working hours，call Sydney Out of Hours Medical Services on 023994 for medical advice.
●Late﹣night
pharmacies (药房) are also available-visit www. sydneylatenightpharmacies.
com ●In a medical emergency (紧急情况), call 023993.
Appointments ●Appointments made in advance. ●Same﹣day
appointments. Call 023881 by 8:30 as there are only a few available. ●Emergency appointments If you cannot keep an appointment,
please let us know so that we can offer it to another patient. For more information, call the
front desk on 023885.
1．How many days is South Quay Medical Centre open a week？
A．Two and a half. B．Three.
C．Four and a half. D．Two
2．What does Linda have to do if she wants to make a same﹣day appointment？
A．She has to visit www. .
B．She has to call 023881 by 8：30.
C．She has to email Dr. Peter King or Dr. Vicky Ho.
D．She has to call 023993.
3．Which of the following is true about South Quay Medical Centre？
A．It provides two kinds of appointments.
B．You can call 023993 in a medical emergency.
C．You can't get help outside the working hours.
D．You can call 023881 in a medical emergency.
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读理解
Everyone worries. But how do you deal with your worries Whether your worries
are big or small, you can take these steps to deal with your worries.
Try to find out what you are worried about.
Sometimes, you will know what you're worried about. Other times, you might
not. Try to find it out. If you can't, you can ask for help.
Think of ways to make it better.
There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried. Sitting
there worrying is no fun and it won't solve your problem.
Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you are worried about
grades, ask yourself these questions:
Why are grades important What do grades mean to me
(A) How do I get ready for class Do I go over my notes even when there isn't
a test
(B) Do I have a good place to do my homework
(C) Have I tried different ways of studying
If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down
all the things you could do — write a note to her or him, invite her or him to a basketball
game, say sorry to her or him, etc. Once you have a list of things you could do,
you can choose the one that gets your friend back.
Ask for help.
When you are worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. You can ask
your parents, friends or teachers for help.
4．When you don't know what you're worried about, ________.
A．you should try to find it out B．you can't ask for help
C．you don't need to think of ways D．you can sit there worrying
5．If you're worried about your grades, you can ask yourself these questions EXCEPT "________".
A．Why are grades important B．What do grades mean to me
C．How do I get ready for class D．Why don't my friends like me
6．According to the passage, what will you do if you have a fight with your friend
A．Make a new friend.
B．Don't talk to her or him anymore.
C．Have another fight with her or him.
D．Invite her or him to a basketball game.
7．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．who is often worried B．when people are worried
C．how to deal with our worries D．what kind of worries people have
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读理解
As a girl who has lived in both places, I can tell you that country living
certainly beats the city life! Living in a village has advantages that simply can't
be bought at any price.
In the city, I was tired of the sounds of horns blowing and sirens blaring
(警报声).
In the country, I'm surrounded by the singing of birds, along with the pleasant
sound of a cool breeze flowing through the trees.
On congested city streets, I had to deal with tired drivers and careless
pedestrians (行人). On winding country roads, I have to try my best to ignore the postcard—like beauty of the farmland and forests so I can keep my eyes on the
road.
Yes, country living is the lifestyle that I, like most people who have had
the opportunity to experience it, prefer. Instead of salespeople knocking on my
door hoping to leave with some of my money, I have warm, friendly neighbors dropping
by with baskets of fresh vegetables from their gardens — not to sell of course.
They simply enjoy sharing the rewards of their country lifestyles with others.
Living in the country means that I can get up at 8: 00 in the morning and
enjoy a leisurely jog down a path or simply sit on a riverbank under a big tree
with a fishing pole in my hand.
Yes, I do enjoy my country lifestyle! Having spent much of my life living
in many cities around the world, I can now enjoy the peace and quietness of my country
home. For me, a country lifestyle makes it easy to look forward to the next day!
8．The passage mainly tells us why__________.
A．people hate living in the city
B．the writer loves country living
C．people living in the country are happy every day
D．more and more people are moving to the country
9．The underlined word "congested" in Paragraph 3 probably means_______.
A．long B．crowded C．lifeless D．comfortable
10．Which of the following statements is true
A．In the city, the author is surrounded by the singing of birds.
B．In the country, the author is tired of sounds of horns blowing and sirens blaring.
C．The author prefers to living in the country.
D．The author can't enjoy the peace and quietness of her country home.
11．What can we infer from Paragraph4
A．All people prefer the life in the country.
B．Nobody in the city likes salespeople.
C．People living in cities are unfriendly to each other.
D．The writer likes her new neighbors very much.
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读理解
It's important for children to take part in social activities during their
summer holidays. "Kids should have a break during the summer. They've worked
hard during the school year and this is their time to relax, but they should continue
communicating with their friends and meeting new people, " said Dr. Jin Han.
He's a professor at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
Spending time with friends and meeting new people by doing fun and educational
activities such as music, arts and sports programs in summer help with their development.
"If children spend a lot of time alone on their electronic equipment, then
they will fail to communicate with others, " Han said. "In today's world,
it's very easy for kids to stay indoors all day and keep in touch with others, but
that is not a good way to connect with others. Face-to-face communication is necessary
and important. Parents should restrict the time their children spend on electronic
equipment. For example, the time they spend on their phones cannot be more than
one hour a day. "
It's also important for children to spend quality time with their parents
and sisters or brothers. "It's not the length of time, but the quality of time
that families spend together that is really valuable, " Han said. "This
type of communication is not something that you can get from anywhere else. It doesn't
matter how old the child is, because family bonding (人与人之间的关系) experiences can happen at
any time. "
Having children spend time with friends and families doesn't have to spend
money in the wallet, either. For example, going to the neighborhood swimming pool
or having a picnic is a great way to spend quality time together.
12．What does Dr. Jin Han think about the summer holidays according to the first paragraph
A．It is necessary for children to have a rest during summer holidays.
B．Children should relax as much as possible during summer holidays.
C．Making new friends in summer holidays is difficult for children.
D．Children should prepare for schoolwork in summer holidays.
13．What does the underlined word "restrict" mean in Paragraph 2
A．Increase. B．Control. C．Spend. D．Employ.
14．What can we infer from children spending time with families
A．How long children spend with families matters.
B．What to do with families depends on the parents.
C．When to spend time with families makes a difference.
D．How to enjoy the time with families is of great importance.
15．What is the main idea of the text
A．The importance of friends and families.
B．The introduction of some social activities.
C．The suitable ways to spend summer holidays.
D．The necessity of face-to-face communication.
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An earthquake can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from
this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.
If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things
to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. 16． Drop down onto the ground.
Get under an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking
stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your
head. If you're in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with
a pillow.
17． Don't take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall
buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses,
buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse over you. 18．
If you are trapped in the ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a
piece of clothing. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Don't shout.
19． Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.
Be prepared for aftershocks. 20． However, sometimes they even happen months
later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position after the first shock, you should
move quickly but carefully to a safer place.
A. Don't move about or kick up dust.
B. If you're outside, go to an open space.
C. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.
D. Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object.
E. Take a good hold of your cellphone in the building.
F. They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.
G. Most injuries happen when people inside buildings
try to go out.
三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给各题的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used to be the shyest person in the world. I hid behind my older sister,
whenever I had to speak to a(n) 21． person-including
the McDonald's cashier, or even a distant relative.
22． asked to speak
in class, I could hardly 23． , much less speak. Even among the few friends
I had, my high, timid (羞怯的) voice earned me jokes-about being a girl.
Then in the seventh grade, my sister suggested I 24． voice lessons. After a little bit of 25． ,
I did as long as it stayed a secret. I began a series of vocal (发声的) exercising. After exercising a
lot, I finally gained 26． in
my voice.
A few months later, I was asked to sing for some retired people. I thought
I would do better than before 27． the
voice lessons. I opened my mouth and nothing. I couldn't remember the words of the
song! My face turned hot. The 28． pianist
whispered a prompt (提示), and I remembered just enough to keep singing.
Then the thought 29． me:
I've embarrassed (尴尬)myself enough in front of this 30． .
There's really nothing else to lose. So in my second song, I just 31． and felt the energy of the song
lift me. And I did much better.
After that, I started singing to myself as 32． as I could in my own room. That's
something I would never have done before.
On a recent school trip, I was asked to sing again. It was 33． how much people liked my singing.
One classmate 34． said
that I should be in the school's talent show.
I am not a shy person any more. 35． has made me more outgoing. Today,
I'm almost a loudmouth. I can meet people without being afraid. I can also stand
in front of the whole class and give a big speech. I am proud of myself.
21．A．common B．unfamiliar C．strict D．unusual
22．A．When B．Though C．As D．Unless
23．A．sit B．express C．smile D．breathe
24．A．take B．accept C．pick D．receive
25．A．decision B．opportunity C．consideration D．guidance
26．A．freedom B．confidence C．determination D．imagination
27．A．in favor of B．instead of C．because of D．in place of
28．A．upset B．calm C．kind D．straight
29．A．ruined B．recognized C．persuaded D．struck
30．A．class B．crowd C．family D．team
31．A．relaxed B．worried C．changed D．escaped
32．A．loudly B．clearly C．fluently D．frequently
33．A．shocking B．frightening C．amazing D．surprising
34．A．ever B．just C．still D．even
35．A．Communicating B．Singing C．Performing D．Exercising
四、单项选择题（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
36．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）I ______ him when I was young.
A．knew B．know C．known D．am knowing
37．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）He _______ speak a little English last year.
A．could B．can C．have to D．ought to
38．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）The earth ______ around the sun.
A．moved B．will move C．moves D．is moving
39．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）If it ______ fine tomorrow, we will go outing.
A．will be B．was
C．is going to be D．is
40．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）These days we ______the farmers work on the farm.
A．help B．are helping C．helped D．will help
41．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）He ________for us ever since he left school.
A．has been worked B．worked
C．has worked D．was working
42．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）That is the famous university _____my friend and I visited last summer vacation.
A．where B．which C．that D．what
43．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）The library _______we built last year is the biggest one in Guangzhou.
A．what B．who C．where D．which
44．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）_____ we know, plants and animals are important to us.
A．When B．As C．That D．Who
45．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）We study in a classroom ______ windows face to the south.
A．whose B．which C．where D．that
五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Environment-friendly ideas
have been created to supply people with helpful 46． (tip) on how they can help the
environment 47． well as save money. I honestly believe that everyone wants to
help the environment, even if they do or do not believe in global warming.
With power bills, water
bills and all other expenses 48． (continue) to rise, it's very hard for the
average worker. No matter what your 49． (finance) position is, there is always
something everyone can do 50． (help) save our environment. We are not the only
ones that live on this 51． (amaze) planet. We also share it 52． a wide range
of strange and wonderful animals. It would be a great tragedy if they 53． (be)
not around for our future generations to enjoy. Every little bit helps, so please
do all 54． you can to protect our environment and the environment of these surprising
animals.
I hope these environment-friendly
ideas can help everyone to do 55． (they)bit for the environment and to make this
world a better place.
六、书面表达（满分15分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）假设你是李华，新年即将来临, 你的英国笔友Jack和你交流新年的打算。你回信说你们搬入新校，为了更美好地建设"绿色校园"，你打算号召同学们一起努力。
1）多植树, 美化校园;
2）回收废物(瓶子、报纸等);
3）节约能源。
注意：
1）词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出, 但不计入总词数);
2）可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。参考词汇: 回收recycle
Dear Jack,
Thank you for your letter and telling me your new plan of
the year 2022.
I'm looking forward to your reply!
Yours truly,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了South Quay Medical Centre的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据方框的"●We are closed on Saturdays, Sundays and Thursday afternoons." 我们周六、周日全天和周四下午休息。可知，每周有两天半不营业，也就是说每周营业四天半。故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据Appointments部分中的"●Same-day appointments. Call 023881 by 8：30 as there are only a few available."当天预约。8:30前致电023881，因为只有少量可用。可知，如果琳达想在当天预约，她需要在8:30前打023881。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据方框的"In a medical emergency (紧急情况), call 023993. "在医疗紧急情况下，拨打023993。故选B。
【答案】4．A
5．D
6．D
7．C
【知识点】主旨大意；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了如何处理自己的担忧。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Sometimes, you will know what you're worried about. Other times, you might not. Try to find it out. ”有时，你知道自己担心什么。有时，你可能不知道。如果是这样，尽量找到。可知，当我们不知道自己在担心什么时，应该尽量把它找出来。故选A。
5．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“If you are worried about grades, ask yourself these questions:”如果你担心成绩，请问自己以下问题；第七段“Why are grades important What do grades mean to me ”为什么成绩很重要？ 成绩对我意味着什么？以及第八段“(A) How do I get ready for class Do I go over my notes even when there isn't a test ”（A） 我怎样准备上课？即使没有考试，我也要复习笔记吗？可知，“为什么我的朋友不喜欢我？”文中没有提到。故选D。
6．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down all the things you could do — write a note to her or him, invite her or him to a basketball game, say sorry to her or him, etc.”如果你担心和朋友吵架，你可以写下所有你能做的事情——给她或他写张便条，邀请她或他去看篮球比赛，向她或他道歉，等等，可知，如果和朋友吵架了，我们可以邀请她/他去看篮球比赛。故选D。
7．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Whether your worries are big or small, you can take these steps to deal with your worries.”无论你的担忧是大是小，你都可以采取以下步骤来处理你的担忧。可知，本文主要告诉我们如何处理自己的担忧。故选C。
【答案】8．B
9．B
10．C
11．D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者将城市与乡村的生活进行对比，来说明为什么自己喜欢乡村生活。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“As a girl who has lived in both places, I can tell you that country living certainly beats the city life! Living in a village has advantages that simply can't be bought at any price.”作为一个在这两个地方都生活过的女孩，我可以告诉你，乡村生活肯定比城市生活好！住在乡村有任何价格都买不到的优势。结合文章中作者将城市与乡村的生活进行对比，来说明为什么自己喜欢乡村生活。可知，这篇文章主要告诉我们为什么作者喜欢乡村生活。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“I had to deal with tired drivers and careless pedestrians”我不得不面对疲惫的司机和粗心的行人，可知，作者在城市里不得不应付疲惫的司机和粗心大意的行人，说明城市很拥挤，可推知congest是“拥挤的”之意，故选B。
10．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Yes, I do enjoy my country lifestyle! Having spent much of my life living in many cities around the world, I can now enjoy the peace and quietness of my country home. For me, a country lifestyle makes it easy to look forward to the next day!”是的，我确实喜欢我的乡村生活方式！我一生中大部分时间都生活在世界各地的许多城市，现在我可以享受我的乡村家园的和平与安宁。对我来说，乡村生活方式让我很容易期待第二天的到来！可知，作者更喜欢住在乡下，故选C。
11．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Instead of salespeople knocking on my door hoping to leave with some of my money, I have warm, friendly neighbors dropping by with baskets of fresh vegetables from their gardens — not to sell of course. They simply enjoy sharing the rewards of their country lifestyles with others. ”我的邻居们热情友好，带着一篮篮自家菜园里的新鲜蔬菜顺道来拜访我，而不是那些上门推销的推销员，希望从我这里拿走一些钱。当然，他们不是来卖蔬菜的。他们只是喜欢与他人分享他们的乡村生活方式带来的好处。可推知，作者非常喜欢她的新邻居。故选D。
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．D
15．C
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孩子们在暑假期间应该参加社会活动，应该结识新朋友，与父母家人度过优质的家庭时间，并且不一定花钱。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Kids should have a break during the summer.”孩子们在夏天应该休息一下。可知，金瀚博士认为在暑假里孩子好好休息是必要的。故选A。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Face-to-face communication is necessary and important.”面对面交流是必要的和重要的；以及“the time their children spend on electronic equipment”可推知因为面对面交流是必要的和重要的，所以父母应当限制他们孩子花费在电子设备上的时间，故restrict意思是“控制，限制”之意，故选B。
14．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“It's also important for children to spend quality time with their parents and sisters or brothers.”对孩子来说，花优质的时间和他们的父母、姐妹或兄弟在一起也很重要；以及“‘It's not the length of time, but the quality of time that families spend together that is really valuable,' Han said.”韩认为：“不是时间的长短，而是家庭在一起的时间质量是非常有价值的”。所以从孩子与家人相处中我们能推断出，如何享受与家人在一起的时间是非常重要的。故选D。
15．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，第一段提出孩子们在暑假期间参加社会活动是很重要的。根据第二段中的“Spending time with friends and meeting new people by doing fun and educational activities such as music, arts and sports programs in summer help with their development.” 花时间和朋友在一起，结识新的人，在夏天做一些有趣的教育活动，如音乐、艺术和体育节目，有助于他们的发展；第三段中的“It's also important for children to spend quality time with their parents and sisters or brothers.”对孩子来说，花优质的时间和他们的父母、姐妹或兄弟在一起也很重要；以及第四段中的“Having children spend time with friends and families doesn't have to spend money in the wallet, either.”让孩子花时间和朋友和家人在一起也不必把钱花掉钱包里的钱。可推断，文章主要讲述了孩子们在暑假期间应该参加社会活动，应该结识新朋友，与父母家人度过优质的家庭时间，并且不一定非要花钱，因此文章主要讲述过暑假的合适方式。故选C。
【答案】16．G；17．B；18．D；19．C；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在自然灾害中，如何阻止受伤和死亡的一些安全知识。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇安全类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前＂One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building.＂地震中做的一件最危险的事情是尽力离开一栋建筑物，与 G. Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. “许多的伤害发生在建筑物内的人尽力出来的时候”话题一致，故选G。
17．根据空后＂Don't take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings.”不要在树、街灯和电线杆下避难，可知 B. If you're outside, go to an open space. “如果出去，就到空旷的地方”概括准确，符合语境，故选B。
18．根据空前＂If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you.＂如果你在开车，尽快停下来，而且要远离天桥、建筑物、桥或者其他任何可能倒塌或坍塌的东西下面，与 D. Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object. “不要把你的车停在树下或任何其他地方”逻辑一致，故选D。
19．根据空前＂Don't shout.＂不要大叫；与 C. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust. “大叫可能会让你吸入灰尘”，话题一致，故选C。
20．根据空前＂Be prepared for aftershocks.＂为余震做好准备，与 F. They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake. “它们可能发生在地震后的头几个小时”为承接关系，故选F。
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．D；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．C；29．D；30．B；31．A；32．A；33．C；34．D；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者原来非常害羞，在同学面前说话很胆怯，后来通过唱歌她变得自信起来。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：每当我必须和一个不熟悉的人说话时——包括麦当劳的收银员，甚至是一个远亲——我就躲在我姐姐的后面。A. common"普遍的"；B. unfamiliar"不熟悉的"；C. strict"严格的"；D. unusual"不同寻常的"。根据空后"including the McDonald's cashier, or even a distant relative."可知，这里提到的麦当劳的收银员和远房亲戚都是不熟悉的人。故选B。
22．句意：当被要求在课堂上发言时，我几乎不能呼吸，更不用说发言了。A. When"当……时候"；B. Though"尽管"；C. As"随着"；D. Unless"除非"。此处表示某种时间，引导时间状语从句，需用when引导。故选A。
23．句意：当被要求在课堂上发言时，我几乎不能呼吸，更不用说发言了。A. sit"坐"；B. express"表达"；C. smile"微笑"；D. breathe"呼吸"。根据下文"Even among the few friends I had, my high, timid (羞怯的) voice earned me jokes-about being a girl."可知，此处表示作者感到害羞和紧张，所以是几乎不能呼吸。故选D。
24．句意：到了七年级，我姐姐建议我去上声乐课。A. take"学习"；B. accept"接受"；C. pick"挑选，摘"；D. receive"接收"。根据下文"I thought I would do better than before 7 the voice lessons."可知，此处表示上声乐课。take lessons固定短语，"上课"。故选A。
25．句意：在考虑了一下之后，我做了——只要这是一个秘密。A. decision"决定"；B. opportunity"机会"；C. consideration"考虑"；D. guidance"引导"。根据上文姐姐让作者上声乐课，因此作者考虑一下姐姐的建议。故选C。
26．句意：经过大量的锻炼，我终于对我的声音有了信心。A. freedom"自由"；B. confidence"自信"；C. determination"决心"；D. imagination"想象力"。根据下文"I thought I would do better than before"可知，作者认为自己在上完声乐课之后做得比以前好，说明有自信了。故选B。
27．句意：我以为我会比以前做得更好，因为声乐课。A. in favor of"支持，有利于"；B. instead of"代替，而不是"；C. because of"因为"；D. in place of"代替"。根据空前"I thought I would do better than before"可知，作者认为因为上完声乐课所以自己做得比以前好，前后为因果关系。故选C。
28．句意：好心的钢琴师低声提示我一下，我只记得足够我继续唱下去。A. upset"生气的"；B. calm"冷静的"；C. kind"善良的"；D. straight"直的"。根据上文"I couldn't remember the words of the song!"可知，作者不记得歌词了，那位钢琴师给她提示，因此他是善良的。故选C。
29．句意：然后我突然想到：我在这群人面前已经够丢人的了。A. ruined"毁灭"；B. recognized"识别"；C. persuaded"说服"；D. struck"突然想起"。下文冒号后是作者的想法，说明此处指作者突然意识到。故选D。
30．句意：然后我突然想到：我在这群人面前已经够丢人的了。A. class"班级"；B. crowd"人群"；C. family"家庭"；D. team"队伍"。根据上文"A few months later, I was asked to sing for some retired people."可知，作者被邀请为一些退休的人唱歌，因此此处指这群人。故选B。
31．句意：所以在我的第二首歌中，我只是放松了，感觉这首歌的能量提升了我。A. relaxed"使放松"；B. worried"使担心"；C. changed"改变"；D. escaped"逃离"。根据上文"There's really nothing else to lose."可知，作者觉得真的没有什么可失去的了，所以此处表示作者放松了。故选A。
32．句意：在那之后，我开始在自己的房间里尽可能大声地唱歌给自己听。A. loudly"大声地"；B. clearly"清楚地"；C. fluently"流利地"；D. frequently"频繁地"。根据下文"That's something I would never have done before."可知，作者做了以前不会做的事情，就是大声地歌唱。故选A。
33．句意：人们如此喜欢我的歌声，真是不可思议。A. shocking "令人震惊的; 令人气愤的"；B. frightening "令人害怕的"；C. amazing"令人惊喜的"；D. surprising" 令人惊讶的"。人们非常喜欢作者唱歌，让作者感到惊喜。故选C。
34．句意：一个同学甚至说我应该参加学校的才艺表演。A. ever"曾经"；B. just"仅仅"；C. still"仍然"；D. even"甚至"。根据上文"how much people liked my singing."可知，人们喜欢作者唱歌，所以有同学说她甚至可以参加学校地才艺表演。故选D。
35．句意：唱歌使我更加外向。A. Communicating"交流"；B. Singing"唱歌"；C. Performing"表演，表现"；D. Exercising"锻炼"。根据上文"After that, I started singing to myself"和"how much people liked my singing."可知，是唱歌使作者更加外向。故选B。
36．【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我年轻时认识他。结合从句系动词was可知，事情已发生，该空时态用一般过去时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
37．【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词的辨析；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：去年他会说一点英语。根据句意分析可知，“说英语”是表能力，所以应用can，且由后文 last year 确定时态为过去时。故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析和时态，区分 can； have to和 ought to的含义和一般过去时。
38．【答案】C
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：地球绕着太阳转。“地球绕着太阳转”是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The earth单数，谓语单数形式。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致。本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数作主语。
39．【答案】D
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：如果明天天气好，我们就去郊游。主句为一般将来时，状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为it，谓语用单数。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时表将来。
40．【答案】B
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：这些天我们正在帮助农民在农场工作。结合These days 可知，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在进行时。
41．【答案】C
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；现在完成时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：自从他离开学校以来，他一直为我们工作。分析句意可知，句中关键词 ever since表示“自从”，后接时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，主句的主语he是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用单数；综上分析，空处应该用现在完成时单数形式has worked。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及现在完成时以及第三人称单数作主语。
42．【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：那是我和朋友去年暑假参观的著名大学。 _____my friend and I visited last summer vacation 是限制性定语从句，先行词是the famous university，指物，在从句中作宾语，因先行词在主句中作表语，只能用关系代词that。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
43．【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们去年建的图书馆是广州最大的图书馆。 _______we built last year 是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The library，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句。
44．【答案】B
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：正如我们所知，植物和动物对我们很重要。 we know 是非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”应用as，故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及as引导的非限制性定语从句。
45．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们在一间窗户朝南的教室里学习。 ______ windows face to the south 是限制性定语从句，先行词为a classroom，关系词在从句中充当定语成分，表示the classroom's，应用whose。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
【答案】46．tips；47．as；48．continuing；49．financial；50．to help；51．amazing；52．with；53．were；54．that；55．their
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者对环保理念的一些看法。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，非谓语动词，形容词，介词，时态，虚拟语气，定语从句，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
46．句意：环保理念已经被创造出来，为人们提供如何帮助环境和节约资金的有用建议。tip为可数名词，其前没有冠词修饰，因此用名词复数形式表泛指。故填tips。
47．句意：环保理念已经被创造出来，为人们提供如何帮助环境和节约资金的有用建议。as well as 固定短语，“以及，和，也”，故填as。
48．句意：随着电费、水费和所有其他费用的持续上涨，对普通工人来说非常困难。power bills, water bills and all other expenses与动词continue之间为主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填continuing。
49．句意：无论你的财务状况如何，每个人都可以做一些事情来拯救我们的环境。应用形容词作定语，修饰名词position。故填financial。
50．句意：无论你的财务状况如何，每个人都可以做一些事情来拯救我们的环境。此处作目的状语，用动词不定式。故填to help。
51．句意：我们不是唯一生活在这个神奇星球上的生物。修饰形容人用-ed形容词，修饰形容物用-ing形容词，此处修饰名词 planet，指物，用-ing形式的形容词amazing，故填amazing。
52．句意：我们还与各种各样的奇怪和奇妙的动物分享它。share sth. with sb. 固定短语，“与某人分享某物”，故填with。
53．句意：如果它们不在我们的子孙后代身边，那将是一场巨大的悲剧。此处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句应用一般过去时。故填were。
54．句意：每一点都有帮助，所以请尽你所能保护我们的环境和这些令人惊讶的动物的环境。 you can (do)是限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词all，在定语从句中作do(已省略)的宾语，用关系代词that。故填that。
55．句意：我希望这些环保理念能帮助每个人为环境尽自己的一份力，让这个世界变得更美好。应用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰名词bit。故填their。
【答案】Dear Jack,
Thank you for your letter and telling me your new plan of the year 2022. Our new school has been set up and we moved into it. In order to build a "green school", I would like to call on my classmates to make it.
First, to add beauty to our school, we are going to plant more trees on campus. Recycling is always the best method to protect the environment. So, second, we will recycle bottles, plastic bags and waste newspapers. Furthermore, we will make an effort to save energy at school. For example, we will turn off electrical appliances the moment they are not being used.
I believe united efforts can make our school a real "green school". Do you think so
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份回信说你们搬入新校，为了更美好地建设"绿色校园"，你打算号召同学们一起努力。写作背景：新年即将来临，你的英国笔友Jack和你交流新年的打算。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）多植树，美化校园；2）回收废物(瓶子、报纸等)；3）节约能源。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Our new school has been set up and we moved into it.运用了并列句，被动语态； First, to add beauty to our school, we are going to plant more trees on campus.运用了不定式作目的状语； For example, we will turn off electrical appliances the moment they are not being used.运用了时间状语从句；I believe united efforts can make our school a real "green school". 运用了宾语从句。
1 / 1黑龙江省牡丹江市重点中学2021-2022学年高一下学期英语开学考试
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读理解
Dr. Peter King South Quay Medical Centre Dr. Vicky Ho
●Morning：8:
30 ﹣ 11:30 Afternoon：14:00 ﹣ 18:00 ●We are closed on Saturdays，Sundays and Thursday afternoons. ●Outside our working hours，call Sydney Out of Hours Medical Services on 023994 for medical advice.
●Late﹣night
pharmacies (药房) are also available-visit www. sydneylatenightpharmacies.
com ●In a medical emergency (紧急情况), call 023993.
Appointments ●Appointments made in advance. ●Same﹣day
appointments. Call 023881 by 8:30 as there are only a few available. ●Emergency appointments If you cannot keep an appointment,
please let us know so that we can offer it to another patient. For more information, call the
front desk on 023885.
1．How many days is South Quay Medical Centre open a week？
A．Two and a half. B．Three.
C．Four and a half. D．Two
2．What does Linda have to do if she wants to make a same﹣day appointment？
A．She has to visit www. .
B．She has to call 023881 by 8：30.
C．She has to email Dr. Peter King or Dr. Vicky Ho.
D．She has to call 023993.
3．Which of the following is true about South Quay Medical Centre？
A．It provides two kinds of appointments.
B．You can call 023993 in a medical emergency.
C．You can't get help outside the working hours.
D．You can call 023881 in a medical emergency.
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了South Quay Medical Centre的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据方框的"●We are closed on Saturdays, Sundays and Thursday afternoons." 我们周六、周日全天和周四下午休息。可知，每周有两天半不营业，也就是说每周营业四天半。故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据Appointments部分中的"●Same-day appointments. Call 023881 by 8：30 as there are only a few available."当天预约。8:30前致电023881，因为只有少量可用。可知，如果琳达想在当天预约，她需要在8:30前打023881。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据方框的"In a medical emergency (紧急情况), call 023993. "在医疗紧急情况下，拨打023993。故选B。
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读理解
Everyone worries. But how do you deal with your worries Whether your worries
are big or small, you can take these steps to deal with your worries.
Try to find out what you are worried about.
Sometimes, you will know what you're worried about. Other times, you might
not. Try to find it out. If you can't, you can ask for help.
Think of ways to make it better.
There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried. Sitting
there worrying is no fun and it won't solve your problem.
Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you are worried about
grades, ask yourself these questions:
Why are grades important What do grades mean to me
(A) How do I get ready for class Do I go over my notes even when there isn't
a test
(B) Do I have a good place to do my homework
(C) Have I tried different ways of studying
If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down
all the things you could do — write a note to her or him, invite her or him to a basketball
game, say sorry to her or him, etc. Once you have a list of things you could do,
you can choose the one that gets your friend back.
Ask for help.
When you are worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. You can ask
your parents, friends or teachers for help.
4．When you don't know what you're worried about, ________.
A．you should try to find it out B．you can't ask for help
C．you don't need to think of ways D．you can sit there worrying
5．If you're worried about your grades, you can ask yourself these questions EXCEPT "________".
A．Why are grades important B．What do grades mean to me
C．How do I get ready for class D．Why don't my friends like me
6．According to the passage, what will you do if you have a fight with your friend
A．Make a new friend.
B．Don't talk to her or him anymore.
C．Have another fight with her or him.
D．Invite her or him to a basketball game.
7．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．who is often worried B．when people are worried
C．how to deal with our worries D．what kind of worries people have
【答案】4．A
5．D
6．D
7．C
【知识点】主旨大意；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了如何处理自己的担忧。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Sometimes, you will know what you're worried about. Other times, you might not. Try to find it out. ”有时，你知道自己担心什么。有时，你可能不知道。如果是这样，尽量找到。可知，当我们不知道自己在担心什么时，应该尽量把它找出来。故选A。
5．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“If you are worried about grades, ask yourself these questions:”如果你担心成绩，请问自己以下问题；第七段“Why are grades important What do grades mean to me ”为什么成绩很重要？ 成绩对我意味着什么？以及第八段“(A) How do I get ready for class Do I go over my notes even when there isn't a test ”（A） 我怎样准备上课？即使没有考试，我也要复习笔记吗？可知，“为什么我的朋友不喜欢我？”文中没有提到。故选D。
6．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down all the things you could do — write a note to her or him, invite her or him to a basketball game, say sorry to her or him, etc.”如果你担心和朋友吵架，你可以写下所有你能做的事情——给她或他写张便条，邀请她或他去看篮球比赛，向她或他道歉，等等，可知，如果和朋友吵架了，我们可以邀请她/他去看篮球比赛。故选D。
7．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Whether your worries are big or small, you can take these steps to deal with your worries.”无论你的担忧是大是小，你都可以采取以下步骤来处理你的担忧。可知，本文主要告诉我们如何处理自己的担忧。故选C。
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读理解
As a girl who has lived in both places, I can tell you that country living
certainly beats the city life! Living in a village has advantages that simply can't
be bought at any price.
In the city, I was tired of the sounds of horns blowing and sirens blaring
(警报声).
In the country, I'm surrounded by the singing of birds, along with the pleasant
sound of a cool breeze flowing through the trees.
On congested city streets, I had to deal with tired drivers and careless
pedestrians (行人). On winding country roads, I have to try my best to ignore the postcard—like beauty of the farmland and forests so I can keep my eyes on the
road.
Yes, country living is the lifestyle that I, like most people who have had
the opportunity to experience it, prefer. Instead of salespeople knocking on my
door hoping to leave with some of my money, I have warm, friendly neighbors dropping
by with baskets of fresh vegetables from their gardens — not to sell of course.
They simply enjoy sharing the rewards of their country lifestyles with others.
Living in the country means that I can get up at 8: 00 in the morning and
enjoy a leisurely jog down a path or simply sit on a riverbank under a big tree
with a fishing pole in my hand.
Yes, I do enjoy my country lifestyle! Having spent much of my life living
in many cities around the world, I can now enjoy the peace and quietness of my country
home. For me, a country lifestyle makes it easy to look forward to the next day!
8．The passage mainly tells us why__________.
A．people hate living in the city
B．the writer loves country living
C．people living in the country are happy every day
D．more and more people are moving to the country
9．The underlined word "congested" in Paragraph 3 probably means_______.
A．long B．crowded C．lifeless D．comfortable
10．Which of the following statements is true
A．In the city, the author is surrounded by the singing of birds.
B．In the country, the author is tired of sounds of horns blowing and sirens blaring.
C．The author prefers to living in the country.
D．The author can't enjoy the peace and quietness of her country home.
11．What can we infer from Paragraph4
A．All people prefer the life in the country.
B．Nobody in the city likes salespeople.
C．People living in cities are unfriendly to each other.
D．The writer likes her new neighbors very much.
【答案】8．B
9．B
10．C
11．D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者将城市与乡村的生活进行对比，来说明为什么自己喜欢乡村生活。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“As a girl who has lived in both places, I can tell you that country living certainly beats the city life! Living in a village has advantages that simply can't be bought at any price.”作为一个在这两个地方都生活过的女孩，我可以告诉你，乡村生活肯定比城市生活好！住在乡村有任何价格都买不到的优势。结合文章中作者将城市与乡村的生活进行对比，来说明为什么自己喜欢乡村生活。可知，这篇文章主要告诉我们为什么作者喜欢乡村生活。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“I had to deal with tired drivers and careless pedestrians”我不得不面对疲惫的司机和粗心的行人，可知，作者在城市里不得不应付疲惫的司机和粗心大意的行人，说明城市很拥挤，可推知congest是“拥挤的”之意，故选B。
10．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Yes, I do enjoy my country lifestyle! Having spent much of my life living in many cities around the world, I can now enjoy the peace and quietness of my country home. For me, a country lifestyle makes it easy to look forward to the next day!”是的，我确实喜欢我的乡村生活方式！我一生中大部分时间都生活在世界各地的许多城市，现在我可以享受我的乡村家园的和平与安宁。对我来说，乡村生活方式让我很容易期待第二天的到来！可知，作者更喜欢住在乡下，故选C。
11．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Instead of salespeople knocking on my door hoping to leave with some of my money, I have warm, friendly neighbors dropping by with baskets of fresh vegetables from their gardens — not to sell of course. They simply enjoy sharing the rewards of their country lifestyles with others. ”我的邻居们热情友好，带着一篮篮自家菜园里的新鲜蔬菜顺道来拜访我，而不是那些上门推销的推销员，希望从我这里拿走一些钱。当然，他们不是来卖蔬菜的。他们只是喜欢与他人分享他们的乡村生活方式带来的好处。可推知，作者非常喜欢她的新邻居。故选D。
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读理解
It's important for children to take part in social activities during their
summer holidays. "Kids should have a break during the summer. They've worked
hard during the school year and this is their time to relax, but they should continue
communicating with their friends and meeting new people, " said Dr. Jin Han.
He's a professor at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
Spending time with friends and meeting new people by doing fun and educational
activities such as music, arts and sports programs in summer help with their development.
"If children spend a lot of time alone on their electronic equipment, then
they will fail to communicate with others, " Han said. "In today's world,
it's very easy for kids to stay indoors all day and keep in touch with others, but
that is not a good way to connect with others. Face-to-face communication is necessary
and important. Parents should restrict the time their children spend on electronic
equipment. For example, the time they spend on their phones cannot be more than
one hour a day. "
It's also important for children to spend quality time with their parents
and sisters or brothers. "It's not the length of time, but the quality of time
that families spend together that is really valuable, " Han said. "This
type of communication is not something that you can get from anywhere else. It doesn't
matter how old the child is, because family bonding (人与人之间的关系) experiences can happen at
any time. "
Having children spend time with friends and families doesn't have to spend
money in the wallet, either. For example, going to the neighborhood swimming pool
or having a picnic is a great way to spend quality time together.
12．What does Dr. Jin Han think about the summer holidays according to the first paragraph
A．It is necessary for children to have a rest during summer holidays.
B．Children should relax as much as possible during summer holidays.
C．Making new friends in summer holidays is difficult for children.
D．Children should prepare for schoolwork in summer holidays.
13．What does the underlined word "restrict" mean in Paragraph 2
A．Increase. B．Control. C．Spend. D．Employ.
14．What can we infer from children spending time with families
A．How long children spend with families matters.
B．What to do with families depends on the parents.
C．When to spend time with families makes a difference.
D．How to enjoy the time with families is of great importance.
15．What is the main idea of the text
A．The importance of friends and families.
B．The introduction of some social activities.
C．The suitable ways to spend summer holidays.
D．The necessity of face-to-face communication.
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．D
15．C
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孩子们在暑假期间应该参加社会活动，应该结识新朋友，与父母家人度过优质的家庭时间，并且不一定花钱。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Kids should have a break during the summer.”孩子们在夏天应该休息一下。可知，金瀚博士认为在暑假里孩子好好休息是必要的。故选A。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Face-to-face communication is necessary and important.”面对面交流是必要的和重要的；以及“the time their children spend on electronic equipment”可推知因为面对面交流是必要的和重要的，所以父母应当限制他们孩子花费在电子设备上的时间，故restrict意思是“控制，限制”之意，故选B。
14．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“It's also important for children to spend quality time with their parents and sisters or brothers.”对孩子来说，花优质的时间和他们的父母、姐妹或兄弟在一起也很重要；以及“‘It's not the length of time, but the quality of time that families spend together that is really valuable,' Han said.”韩认为：“不是时间的长短，而是家庭在一起的时间质量是非常有价值的”。所以从孩子与家人相处中我们能推断出，如何享受与家人在一起的时间是非常重要的。故选D。
15．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，第一段提出孩子们在暑假期间参加社会活动是很重要的。根据第二段中的“Spending time with friends and meeting new people by doing fun and educational activities such as music, arts and sports programs in summer help with their development.” 花时间和朋友在一起，结识新的人，在夏天做一些有趣的教育活动，如音乐、艺术和体育节目，有助于他们的发展；第三段中的“It's also important for children to spend quality time with their parents and sisters or brothers.”对孩子来说，花优质的时间和他们的父母、姐妹或兄弟在一起也很重要；以及第四段中的“Having children spend time with friends and families doesn't have to spend money in the wallet, either.”让孩子花时间和朋友和家人在一起也不必把钱花掉钱包里的钱。可推断，文章主要讲述了孩子们在暑假期间应该参加社会活动，应该结识新朋友，与父母家人度过优质的家庭时间，并且不一定非要花钱，因此文章主要讲述过暑假的合适方式。故选C。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An earthquake can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from
this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.
If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things
to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. 16． Drop down onto the ground.
Get under an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking
stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your
head. If you're in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with
a pillow.
17． Don't take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall
buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses,
buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse over you. 18．
If you are trapped in the ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a
piece of clothing. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Don't shout.
19． Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.
Be prepared for aftershocks. 20． However, sometimes they even happen months
later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position after the first shock, you should
move quickly but carefully to a safer place.
A. Don't move about or kick up dust.
B. If you're outside, go to an open space.
C. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.
D. Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object.
E. Take a good hold of your cellphone in the building.
F. They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.
G. Most injuries happen when people inside buildings
try to go out.
【答案】16．G；17．B；18．D；19．C；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在自然灾害中，如何阻止受伤和死亡的一些安全知识。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇安全类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前＂One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building.＂地震中做的一件最危险的事情是尽力离开一栋建筑物，与 G. Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. “许多的伤害发生在建筑物内的人尽力出来的时候”话题一致，故选G。
17．根据空后＂Don't take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings.”不要在树、街灯和电线杆下避难，可知 B. If you're outside, go to an open space. “如果出去，就到空旷的地方”概括准确，符合语境，故选B。
18．根据空前＂If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you.＂如果你在开车，尽快停下来，而且要远离天桥、建筑物、桥或者其他任何可能倒塌或坍塌的东西下面，与 D. Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object. “不要把你的车停在树下或任何其他地方”逻辑一致，故选D。
19．根据空前＂Don't shout.＂不要大叫；与 C. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust. “大叫可能会让你吸入灰尘”，话题一致，故选C。
20．根据空前＂Be prepared for aftershocks.＂为余震做好准备，与 F. They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake. “它们可能发生在地震后的头几个小时”为承接关系，故选F。
三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给各题的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used to be the shyest person in the world. I hid behind my older sister,
whenever I had to speak to a(n) 21． person-including
the McDonald's cashier, or even a distant relative.
22． asked to speak
in class, I could hardly 23． , much less speak. Even among the few friends
I had, my high, timid (羞怯的) voice earned me jokes-about being a girl.
Then in the seventh grade, my sister suggested I 24． voice lessons. After a little bit of 25． ,
I did as long as it stayed a secret. I began a series of vocal (发声的) exercising. After exercising a
lot, I finally gained 26． in
my voice.
A few months later, I was asked to sing for some retired people. I thought
I would do better than before 27． the
voice lessons. I opened my mouth and nothing. I couldn't remember the words of the
song! My face turned hot. The 28． pianist
whispered a prompt (提示), and I remembered just enough to keep singing.
Then the thought 29． me:
I've embarrassed (尴尬)myself enough in front of this 30． .
There's really nothing else to lose. So in my second song, I just 31． and felt the energy of the song
lift me. And I did much better.
After that, I started singing to myself as 32． as I could in my own room. That's
something I would never have done before.
On a recent school trip, I was asked to sing again. It was 33． how much people liked my singing.
One classmate 34． said
that I should be in the school's talent show.
I am not a shy person any more. 35． has made me more outgoing. Today,
I'm almost a loudmouth. I can meet people without being afraid. I can also stand
in front of the whole class and give a big speech. I am proud of myself.
21．A．common B．unfamiliar C．strict D．unusual
22．A．When B．Though C．As D．Unless
23．A．sit B．express C．smile D．breathe
24．A．take B．accept C．pick D．receive
25．A．decision B．opportunity C．consideration D．guidance
26．A．freedom B．confidence C．determination D．imagination
27．A．in favor of B．instead of C．because of D．in place of
28．A．upset B．calm C．kind D．straight
29．A．ruined B．recognized C．persuaded D．struck
30．A．class B．crowd C．family D．team
31．A．relaxed B．worried C．changed D．escaped
32．A．loudly B．clearly C．fluently D．frequently
33．A．shocking B．frightening C．amazing D．surprising
34．A．ever B．just C．still D．even
35．A．Communicating B．Singing C．Performing D．Exercising
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．D；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．C；29．D；30．B；31．A；32．A；33．C；34．D；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者原来非常害羞，在同学面前说话很胆怯，后来通过唱歌她变得自信起来。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：每当我必须和一个不熟悉的人说话时——包括麦当劳的收银员，甚至是一个远亲——我就躲在我姐姐的后面。A. common"普遍的"；B. unfamiliar"不熟悉的"；C. strict"严格的"；D. unusual"不同寻常的"。根据空后"including the McDonald's cashier, or even a distant relative."可知，这里提到的麦当劳的收银员和远房亲戚都是不熟悉的人。故选B。
22．句意：当被要求在课堂上发言时，我几乎不能呼吸，更不用说发言了。A. When"当……时候"；B. Though"尽管"；C. As"随着"；D. Unless"除非"。此处表示某种时间，引导时间状语从句，需用when引导。故选A。
23．句意：当被要求在课堂上发言时，我几乎不能呼吸，更不用说发言了。A. sit"坐"；B. express"表达"；C. smile"微笑"；D. breathe"呼吸"。根据下文"Even among the few friends I had, my high, timid (羞怯的) voice earned me jokes-about being a girl."可知，此处表示作者感到害羞和紧张，所以是几乎不能呼吸。故选D。
24．句意：到了七年级，我姐姐建议我去上声乐课。A. take"学习"；B. accept"接受"；C. pick"挑选，摘"；D. receive"接收"。根据下文"I thought I would do better than before 7 the voice lessons."可知，此处表示上声乐课。take lessons固定短语，"上课"。故选A。
25．句意：在考虑了一下之后，我做了——只要这是一个秘密。A. decision"决定"；B. opportunity"机会"；C. consideration"考虑"；D. guidance"引导"。根据上文姐姐让作者上声乐课，因此作者考虑一下姐姐的建议。故选C。
26．句意：经过大量的锻炼，我终于对我的声音有了信心。A. freedom"自由"；B. confidence"自信"；C. determination"决心"；D. imagination"想象力"。根据下文"I thought I would do better than before"可知，作者认为自己在上完声乐课之后做得比以前好，说明有自信了。故选B。
27．句意：我以为我会比以前做得更好，因为声乐课。A. in favor of"支持，有利于"；B. instead of"代替，而不是"；C. because of"因为"；D. in place of"代替"。根据空前"I thought I would do better than before"可知，作者认为因为上完声乐课所以自己做得比以前好，前后为因果关系。故选C。
28．句意：好心的钢琴师低声提示我一下，我只记得足够我继续唱下去。A. upset"生气的"；B. calm"冷静的"；C. kind"善良的"；D. straight"直的"。根据上文"I couldn't remember the words of the song!"可知，作者不记得歌词了，那位钢琴师给她提示，因此他是善良的。故选C。
29．句意：然后我突然想到：我在这群人面前已经够丢人的了。A. ruined"毁灭"；B. recognized"识别"；C. persuaded"说服"；D. struck"突然想起"。下文冒号后是作者的想法，说明此处指作者突然意识到。故选D。
30．句意：然后我突然想到：我在这群人面前已经够丢人的了。A. class"班级"；B. crowd"人群"；C. family"家庭"；D. team"队伍"。根据上文"A few months later, I was asked to sing for some retired people."可知，作者被邀请为一些退休的人唱歌，因此此处指这群人。故选B。
31．句意：所以在我的第二首歌中，我只是放松了，感觉这首歌的能量提升了我。A. relaxed"使放松"；B. worried"使担心"；C. changed"改变"；D. escaped"逃离"。根据上文"There's really nothing else to lose."可知，作者觉得真的没有什么可失去的了，所以此处表示作者放松了。故选A。
32．句意：在那之后，我开始在自己的房间里尽可能大声地唱歌给自己听。A. loudly"大声地"；B. clearly"清楚地"；C. fluently"流利地"；D. frequently"频繁地"。根据下文"That's something I would never have done before."可知，作者做了以前不会做的事情，就是大声地歌唱。故选A。
33．句意：人们如此喜欢我的歌声，真是不可思议。A. shocking "令人震惊的; 令人气愤的"；B. frightening "令人害怕的"；C. amazing"令人惊喜的"；D. surprising" 令人惊讶的"。人们非常喜欢作者唱歌，让作者感到惊喜。故选C。
34．句意：一个同学甚至说我应该参加学校的才艺表演。A. ever"曾经"；B. just"仅仅"；C. still"仍然"；D. even"甚至"。根据上文"how much people liked my singing."可知，人们喜欢作者唱歌，所以有同学说她甚至可以参加学校地才艺表演。故选D。
35．句意：唱歌使我更加外向。A. Communicating"交流"；B. Singing"唱歌"；C. Performing"表演，表现"；D. Exercising"锻炼"。根据上文"After that, I started singing to myself"和"how much people liked my singing."可知，是唱歌使作者更加外向。故选B。
四、单项选择题（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
36．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）I ______ him when I was young.
A．knew B．know C．known D．am knowing
【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我年轻时认识他。结合从句系动词was可知，事情已发生，该空时态用一般过去时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
37．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）He _______ speak a little English last year.
A．could B．can C．have to D．ought to
【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词的辨析；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：去年他会说一点英语。根据句意分析可知，“说英语”是表能力，所以应用can，且由后文 last year 确定时态为过去时。故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析和时态，区分 can； have to和 ought to的含义和一般过去时。
38．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）The earth ______ around the sun.
A．moved B．will move C．moves D．is moving
【答案】C
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：地球绕着太阳转。“地球绕着太阳转”是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The earth单数，谓语单数形式。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致。本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数作主语。
39．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）If it ______ fine tomorrow, we will go outing.
A．will be B．was
C．is going to be D．is
【答案】D
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：如果明天天气好，我们就去郊游。主句为一般将来时，状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为it，谓语用单数。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时表将来。
40．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）These days we ______the farmers work on the farm.
A．help B．are helping C．helped D．will help
【答案】B
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：这些天我们正在帮助农民在农场工作。结合These days 可知，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在进行时。
41．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）He ________for us ever since he left school.
A．has been worked B．worked
C．has worked D．was working
【答案】C
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；现在完成时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：自从他离开学校以来，他一直为我们工作。分析句意可知，句中关键词 ever since表示“自从”，后接时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，主句的主语he是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用单数；综上分析，空处应该用现在完成时单数形式has worked。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及现在完成时以及第三人称单数作主语。
42．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）That is the famous university _____my friend and I visited last summer vacation.
A．where B．which C．that D．what
【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：那是我和朋友去年暑假参观的著名大学。 _____my friend and I visited last summer vacation 是限制性定语从句，先行词是the famous university，指物，在从句中作宾语，因先行词在主句中作表语，只能用关系代词that。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
43．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）The library _______we built last year is the biggest one in Guangzhou.
A．what B．who C．where D．which
【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们去年建的图书馆是广州最大的图书馆。 _______we built last year 是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The library，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句。
44．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）_____ we know, plants and animals are important to us.
A．When B．As C．That D．Who
【答案】B
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：正如我们所知，植物和动物对我们很重要。 we know 是非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”应用as，故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及as引导的非限制性定语从句。
45．（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）We study in a classroom ______ windows face to the south.
A．whose B．which C．where D．that
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们在一间窗户朝南的教室里学习。 ______ windows face to the south 是限制性定语从句，先行词为a classroom，关系词在从句中充当定语成分，表示the classroom's，应用whose。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Environment-friendly ideas
have been created to supply people with helpful 46． (tip) on how they can help the
environment 47． well as save money. I honestly believe that everyone wants to
help the environment, even if they do or do not believe in global warming.
With power bills, water
bills and all other expenses 48． (continue) to rise, it's very hard for the
average worker. No matter what your 49． (finance) position is, there is always
something everyone can do 50． (help) save our environment. We are not the only
ones that live on this 51． (amaze) planet. We also share it 52． a wide range
of strange and wonderful animals. It would be a great tragedy if they 53． (be)
not around for our future generations to enjoy. Every little bit helps, so please
do all 54． you can to protect our environment and the environment of these surprising
animals.
I hope these environment-friendly
ideas can help everyone to do 55． (they)bit for the environment and to make this
world a better place.
【答案】46．tips；47．as；48．continuing；49．financial；50．to help；51．amazing；52．with；53．were；54．that；55．their
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者对环保理念的一些看法。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，非谓语动词，形容词，介词，时态，虚拟语气，定语从句，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
46．句意：环保理念已经被创造出来，为人们提供如何帮助环境和节约资金的有用建议。tip为可数名词，其前没有冠词修饰，因此用名词复数形式表泛指。故填tips。
47．句意：环保理念已经被创造出来，为人们提供如何帮助环境和节约资金的有用建议。as well as 固定短语，“以及，和，也”，故填as。
48．句意：随着电费、水费和所有其他费用的持续上涨，对普通工人来说非常困难。power bills, water bills and all other expenses与动词continue之间为主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填continuing。
49．句意：无论你的财务状况如何，每个人都可以做一些事情来拯救我们的环境。应用形容词作定语，修饰名词position。故填financial。
50．句意：无论你的财务状况如何，每个人都可以做一些事情来拯救我们的环境。此处作目的状语，用动词不定式。故填to help。
51．句意：我们不是唯一生活在这个神奇星球上的生物。修饰形容人用-ed形容词，修饰形容物用-ing形容词，此处修饰名词 planet，指物，用-ing形式的形容词amazing，故填amazing。
52．句意：我们还与各种各样的奇怪和奇妙的动物分享它。share sth. with sb. 固定短语，“与某人分享某物”，故填with。
53．句意：如果它们不在我们的子孙后代身边，那将是一场巨大的悲剧。此处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句应用一般过去时。故填were。
54．句意：每一点都有帮助，所以请尽你所能保护我们的环境和这些令人惊讶的动物的环境。 you can (do)是限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词all，在定语从句中作do(已省略)的宾语，用关系代词that。故填that。
55．句意：我希望这些环保理念能帮助每个人为环境尽自己的一份力，让这个世界变得更美好。应用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰名词bit。故填their。
六、书面表达（满分15分）
（2022高一下·牡丹江开学考）假设你是李华，新年即将来临, 你的英国笔友Jack和你交流新年的打算。你回信说你们搬入新校，为了更美好地建设"绿色校园"，你打算号召同学们一起努力。
1）多植树, 美化校园;
2）回收废物(瓶子、报纸等);
3）节约能源。
注意：
1）词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出, 但不计入总词数);
2）可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。参考词汇: 回收recycle
Dear Jack,
Thank you for your letter and telling me your new plan of
the year 2022.
I'm looking forward to your reply!
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Thank you for your letter and telling me your new plan of the year 2022. Our new school has been set up and we moved into it. In order to build a "green school", I would like to call on my classmates to make it.
First, to add beauty to our school, we are going to plant more trees on campus. Recycling is always the best method to protect the environment. So, second, we will recycle bottles, plastic bags and waste newspapers. Furthermore, we will make an effort to save energy at school. For example, we will turn off electrical appliances the moment they are not being used.
I believe united efforts can make our school a real "green school". Do you think so
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份回信说你们搬入新校，为了更美好地建设"绿色校园"，你打算号召同学们一起努力。写作背景：新年即将来临，你的英国笔友Jack和你交流新年的打算。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）多植树，美化校园；2）回收废物(瓶子、报纸等)；3）节约能源。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Our new school has been set up and we moved into it.运用了并列句，被动语态； First, to add beauty to our school, we are going to plant more trees on campus.运用了不定式作目的状语； For example, we will turn off electrical appliances the moment they are not being used.运用了时间状语从句；I believe united efforts can make our school a real "green school". 运用了宾语从句。
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